LT5213B - Structural material from process waste - Google Patents

Abstract

A light thermally insulating material consists of gypsum, dispersed polymers of vinyl acetate and cellulose and process waste: chaff and hards. Depending on the composition, density of the obtained product is 100 - 1000 kg/m3, and bending strength of the product is 0,6 - 1, 3 MPa, and conductivity of the product is about 0,06 W/m K. The invention may be used for renewal works.

Description

The invention belongs to the construction industry.

Known building materials that use inorganic binders as binders and organic industrial and agricultural wastes as filler. The following are used for this purpose: 1) Wood waste - · J. Nanazashvili: “Building Materials from Wood - Cement Composition” (in Russian), Len., 1990; G. Marčiukaitis, A. Naujokaitis: “Composite Building Products for Residential Construction” - New Building Materials, Constructions and Technologies, V., 1993, pp. 396-376; 2) Wood sawdust - F. Alksnis: "Hardening and Destruction of Gypsum Cement Composite Materials" (in Russian), Len., 1988; 3) straw - · A. Kazragis, I. Niekus, A. Gailius: “Technology of Building Materials Using Organic Fillers” - New Building Materials, Constructions and Technologies, V., 1995, pp. 234-238; A. Kazragis, H. Kulinič, A. Gailius, I. Niekus: “Research on the Use of Organic Production Waste in the Construction of Building Materials” - Environmental Engineering, 1996, no. 216, 18-24; · A. Kazragis, H. Kulinič, A. Gailius: “Straw Tiles Containing KMC” - Silicate Technology, Kaunas, Technology, 1999, pp. 142-147; 4) reeds - · A. Kazragis, A. Gailius, B. Tamulaitienė, H. Kulinič: “Utilization and Use of Straw and Reeds in the Construction of Building Products” - Environmental Engineering, 2002, no. 1/10, pp. 77-83; · A. Kazragis, A. Gailius, A. Juknevičiūtė: “Thermal and Acoustical Insulating Materials Containing Mineral and Polymeric Binders with Celluloses Fillers” - Materials Science, 2002, Vol. 8, No. 2 p. 193-195.

However, most articles have their drawbacks, the most important of which is high bulk density and low specific heat conductivity.

The purpose of the invention is to assist construction, especially in rural areas, by providing lightweight, efficient and inexpensive wall and heat insulating materials that can be produced locally.

A new composite material is presented which, due to the new ingredients included in its composition, its characteristics and its quantitative composition, has better technical characteristics than most known wall and heat insulating materials.

Composite wall and heat insulation material consists of:

1) Mineral binder - Palemono keramika AB anhydrite cement (start time 0.5-2.5 hours, end 2-4 hours; strength after 28 days: bending 2.6-3.0, compressing 16-18 MPa ),

2) organic binder - polymer dispersion of optimal concentration,

(3) organic filler - color or chaff,

4) special additives (antiseptics, hydrophobizers, flame retardants).

Ingredient Ingredients by weight: Mineral binder - (30-60)%, Polymer binder (dry) - (0.5-5.0)%, Organic filler - (40-65)%, Special additives - (0) , 2-2.0)% (the latter consists of antiseptics, flame retardants and surfactants).

With less than 30% mineral binder content, the article has insufficient mechanical strength and, at more than 60%, the article acquires too high an average density. With less than 0.5% polymeric binder, the article is not mechanically resistant, and with more than 5%, this material significantly increases the cost of the article. With less than 40% organic filler, the article acquires an average density and, at more than 65%, the article becomes mechanically low resistant. With less than 0.2% of special additives, the article becomes less susceptible to microorganisms and fire, and when exceeded, the polymer binder loses 2% of its properties and coagulates.

Method of obtaining composite wall and heat insulation material:

(1) dry mix components,

2) preparing an optimal density polymer dispersion to which special additives can be added,

3) mixing the homogeneous dry mixture with the polymer dispersion in a blender,

4) the resulting mixture is formed into a semi-finished product,

5) the semi-finished product is cured in optimal temperature and humidity mode. Composite wall and heat insulation materials can be used in the production of partitions and insulation building elements for residential and outbuildings in rural areas. When partitions are used for interior walls, they can be plastered or wallpapered.

The main features and advantages characterizing the invention are as follows:

1) low average density, thermal conductivity and sound transmission,

2) high thermal resistance and sound absorption,

(3) the various possible uses and treatments,

4) the components are dosed easily and mixed first in a dry and then in a wet manner,

5) semi-finished product is formed and cured indoors.

Claims (2)

1. Composite wall and heat insulating material containing mineral and organic binder with organic filler and special additive characterized in that the mineral binder is anhydrite cement, organic binder - optimal concentration of polymer dispersion, organic filler - color or chaff at the ratio of ingredients by weight: cement - (30-60)%, polymer dispersion (solid form) - (0.5-5.0)%, spikes - (40-55)% or chaff - (45-65)%. 2. The composite wall and thermal insulation materials referred to in point 1 shall be used for the production of partitions and insulation of rural and residential buildings with interior walls painted or wallpapered.