KR980000064A - 압출에 의한 식료품 제조 방법 및 이 방법을 실시하기 위한 장치 - Google Patents

압출에 의한 식료품 제조 방법 및 이 방법을 실시하기 위한 장치 Download PDF

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KR980000064A
KR980000064A KR1019970027580A KR19970027580A KR980000064A KR 980000064 A KR980000064 A KR 980000064A KR 1019970027580 A KR1019970027580 A KR 1019970027580A KR 19970027580 A KR19970027580 A KR 19970027580A KR 980000064 A KR980000064 A KR 980000064A
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section
extrusion
treated
product
food
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에른스트 헥크
오스팔도 게로미니
베르너 팔러
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뷜르 로망 엘
소시에떼 데 프로듀이 네슬레 소시에떼아노님
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Publication of KR980000064A publication Critical patent/KR980000064A/ko

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/40—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft
    • B29B7/42—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft with screw or helix
    • B29B7/426—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft with screw or helix with consecutive casings or screws, e.g. for charging, discharging, mixing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A21—BAKING; EDIBLE DOUGHS
    • A21C—MACHINES OR EQUIPMENT FOR MAKING OR PROCESSING DOUGHS; HANDLING BAKED ARTICLES MADE FROM DOUGH
    • A21C1/00—Mixing or kneading machines for the preparation of dough
    • A21C1/06—Mixing or kneading machines for the preparation of dough with horizontally-mounted mixing or kneading tools; Worm or screw mixers
    • A21C1/065—Worm or screw mixers, e.g. with consecutive mixing receptacles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A21—BAKING; EDIBLE DOUGHS
    • A21C—MACHINES OR EQUIPMENT FOR MAKING OR PROCESSING DOUGHS; HANDLING BAKED ARTICLES MADE FROM DOUGH
    • A21C11/00—Other machines for forming the dough into its final shape before cooking or baking
    • A21C11/16—Extruding machines
    • A21C11/20—Extruding machines with worms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23P—SHAPING OR WORKING OF FOODSTUFFS, NOT FULLY COVERED BY A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS
    • A23P30/00—Shaping or working of foodstuffs characterised by the process or apparatus
    • A23P30/20—Extruding
    • A23P30/25—Co-extrusion of different foodstuffs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/022—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/025—General arrangement or layout of plant
    • B29C48/0255—General arrangement or layout of plant for extruding parallel streams of material, e.g. several separate parallel streams of extruded material forming separate articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/375—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages
    • B29C48/39—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages a first extruder feeding the melt into an intermediate location of a second extruder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/535—Screws with thread pitch varying along the longitudinal axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/54—Screws with additional forward-feeding elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/55—Screws having reverse-feeding elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/57—Screws provided with kneading disc-like elements, e.g. with oval-shaped elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/625—Screws characterised by the ratio of the threaded length of the screw to its outside diameter [L/D ratio]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/67—Screws having incorporated mixing devices not provided for in groups B29C48/52 - B29C48/66
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/68—Barrels or cylinders
    • B29C48/682—Barrels or cylinders for twin screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/22—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor
    • B30B11/24—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor using screws or worms
    • B30B11/243—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor using screws or worms using two or more screws working in the same chamber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
    • B01F27/114—Helically shaped stirrers, i.e. stirrers comprising a helically shaped band or helically shaped band sections
    • B01F27/1143—Helically shaped stirrers, i.e. stirrers comprising a helically shaped band or helically shaped band sections screw-shaped, e.g. worms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/60—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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  • Formation And Processing Of Food Products (AREA)
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Abstract

압출에 의한 식료품 제조 방법으로서, 처리될 제1음식 물질을 이축 압출기의 제1섹션에 도입하고, 처리될 제2음식 물질을 상기 이축 압출기의 섹션으로서 상기 제1섹션으로부터 동적으로 분리되어 있는 제2섹션에 도입하여, 상기 물질들 각각을 상기 압출기의 자신들만의 섹션에서 독립적으로 처리하고, 얻어진 두개의 덩어리를 하나 이상의 다이에 통과시키면서 압출하여, 이 압출된 제품 또는 제품들을 절단하는, 압출에 의한 식료품 제조 방법이 개시된다.

Description

압출에 의한 식료품 제조 방법 및 이 방법을 실시하기 위한 장치
본 내용은 요부공개 건이므로 전문내용을 수록하지 않았음
제1도는 유사한 제1 및 제2음식물질을 유사한 방식으로 처리하기 위한 장치의 일 실시예를 나타내는 도면.
제2도는 두개의 상이한 제품을 제조하기 위해 상이한 제1 및 제2음식물질을 상이한 방식으로 처리하기 위한 장치의 일 실시예를 나타내는 도면.
제3도는 공동으로 압출된 복합제품을 제조하기 위해 상이한 제1 및 제2음식물질을 상이한 방식으로 처리하기 위한 장치의 일 실시예를 나타내는 도면.
제4도는 제1도에 도시된 장치의 스크루의 구조(geometry)의 일 실시예를 나타내는 도면.
제5도는 제2도와 3에 도시된 장치들의 스크루들의 구조의 일 실시예를 나타내는 도면.
제6도는 제4도와 5에 도시된 스크루를 위한 다이내믹-분리 장치의 실시예의 확대 상세도.

Claims (13)

  1. 압출에 의한 식료품 제조 방법으로서, 처리될 제1음식 물질을 이축 압출기의 제1섹션에 도입하고, 처리될 제2음식 물질을 상기 이축 압출기의 섹션으로서 상기 제1섹션으로부터 동적으로 분리되어 있는 제2섹션에 도입하여, 상기 물질들 각각을 상기 압출기의 자신들만의 섹션에서 독립적으로 처리하고, 얻어진 두개의 덩어리를 하나 이상의 다이에 통과시키면서 압출하여, 이 압출된 제품 또는 제품들을 절단하는 것을 특징으로 하는 압출에 의한 식료품 제조 방법.
  2. 제1항에 있어서, 부풀어진 제품을 얻어내기 위하여, 14 내지 22%의 수분함량을 갖는 제1물질, 제2물질, 또는 제1물질 및 제2물질을 처리하는 것을 특징으로 하는 압출에 의한 식료품 제조 방법.
  3. 제2항에 있어서, 절단되어 부풀어진 제품을 5% 미만의 수분함량까지 줄여 탈수시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 압출에 의한 식료품 제조 방법.
  4. 제1항에 있어서, 조금 부풀어진 또는 전혀 부풀어지지 않은 제품을 얻어내기 위하여, 24 내지 36%의 수분 함량을 갖는 제1물질, 제2물질, 또는 제1물질 및 제2물질을 처리하는 것을 특징으로 하는 압출에 의한 식료품 제조 방법.
  5. 제4항에 있어서, 절단되어 거의 부풀어지지 않은 또는 전혀 부풀어지지 않은 제품을 굴리면서 구워서 플레이크로 변화시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 압출에 의한 식료품 제조 방법.
  6. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 제1물질 및 제2물질은 유사하며 이들을 각각 유사한 방식으로 자신들만의 섹션에서 처리하는 것을 특징으로 하는 압출에 의한 식료품 제조 방법.
  7. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 제1물질 및 제2물질은 상이하며 이들을 각각 상이한 방식으로 자신들만의 섹션에서 처리하는 것을 특징으로 하는 압출에 의한 식료품 제조 방법.
  8. 제3항에 있어서, 처리된 물질의 상기 두개의 덩어리를 두개의 유사한 다이를 통해 또는 공통 다이의 유사한 오리피스를 통해 통과시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 압출에 의한 식료품 제조 방법.
  9. 제4항에 있어서, 처리된 물질의 두개의 덩어리 각각을 공통 다이의 상이한 오리피스를 통해 통과시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 압출에 의한 식료품 제조 방법.
  10. 제4항에 있어서, 처리된 물질의 상기 두개의 덩어리를 공동으로 압출시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 압출에 의한 식료품 재조 방법.
  11. 동적-분리 장치에 의해 두개의 별개의 섹션들로 분할된 이축 압출기와, 하나 이상의 압출 다이와, 하나이상의 잘단장치를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 제1항에 따른 방법을 실시하기 위한 장치.
  12. 동적-분리 장치는 이축 유닛이 대향식으로 되어 있는 블로킹 영역을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 제8항에 따른 방법을 실시하기 위한 장치.
  13. 압출기의 제1섹션으로부터의 출구는 이축 유닛의 블로킹 영역과 압축 영역 양쪽에 걸터 있는 것을 특징으로 하는, 제8항에 따른 방법을 실시하기 위한 장치.
    ※ 참고사항 : 최초출원 내용에 의하여 공개하는 것임.
KR1019970027580A 1996-06-30 1997-06-26 압출에 의한 식료품 제조 방법 및 이 방법을 실시하기 위한 장치 KR980000064A (ko)

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EP96201958A EP0815729B1 (fr) 1996-06-30 1996-06-30 Procédé de fabrication d'un produit alimentaire par extrusion
EP96201958.4 1996-06-30

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US20100062093A1 (en) * 2008-09-11 2010-03-11 Wenger Manufacturing, Inc. Method and apparatus for producing fully cooked extrudates with significantly reduced specific mechanical energy inputs
CN101755999B (zh) * 2009-12-09 2012-05-30 山东誉亚大豆机械制造有限公司 人造肉成型机
JP5922964B2 (ja) * 2012-03-28 2016-05-24 株式会社明治 膨化菓子の製造方法
DE102012216912B4 (de) * 2012-09-20 2018-07-26 Vemag Maschinenbau Gmbh Lebensmittelfördervorrichtung, sowie Verfahren zum Fördern eines Lebensmittels
RU2662785C2 (ru) 2013-03-15 2018-07-30 Марс, Инкорпорейтед Система экструдера и способ
EP3065555B1 (en) 2013-11-05 2019-01-09 Hill's Pet Nutrition, Inc. Pet food with visible particles and process for making same
PT3073841T (pt) 2013-11-07 2018-07-30 Nestle Sa Flocos extrudidos e métodos de fabrico
CN107469759A (zh) * 2016-06-08 2017-12-15 神华集团有限责任公司 一种卧式混合物料输送和/或反应设备和输送和/或反应混合物料的方法
CN109259284A (zh) * 2018-11-07 2019-01-25 漯河恒丰机械制造科技有限公司 食品膨化机的挤出机构
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KR910016263A (ko) * 1990-03-27 1991-11-05 권태완 곡류스낵의 제조방법 및 스낵용 생지의 제조장치
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PL320774A1 (en) 1998-01-05
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ES2164206T3 (es) 2002-02-16
HUP9701125A2 (hu) 1998-08-28
HUP9701125A3 (en) 1998-10-28
TW347312B (en) 1998-12-11
HU223058B1 (hu) 2004-03-01
SG53003A1 (en) 1998-09-28
MY116918A (en) 2004-04-30
IL121174A0 (en) 1997-11-20
SK283025B6 (sk) 2003-02-04
EP0815729A1 (fr) 1998-01-07
DE69616298D1 (de) 2001-11-29
JPH1057039A (ja) 1998-03-03
NO314384B1 (no) 2003-03-17
US5891502A (en) 1999-04-06
CA2209212C (en) 2004-09-28
PL183612B1 (pl) 2002-06-28
CN1086551C (zh) 2002-06-26
SK88697A3 (en) 1998-01-14
AU724532B2 (en) 2000-09-21
BR9703801A (pt) 1998-11-10
CZ207097A3 (cs) 1998-01-14
NO973016L (no) 1998-01-02
EP0815729B1 (fr) 2001-10-24
HU9701125D0 (en) 1997-08-28
CA2209212A1 (en) 1997-12-30
AU2835197A (en) 1998-01-15
IL121174A (en) 2000-01-31
PT815729E (pt) 2002-04-29
NZ328175A (en) 1998-09-24
RU2179807C2 (ru) 2002-02-27
CZ292218B6 (cs) 2003-08-13
DE69616298T2 (de) 2002-04-18
NO973016D0 (no) 1997-06-27
ATE207299T1 (de) 2001-11-15
AR007683A1 (es) 1999-11-10

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