KR970075809A - 올레핀-수소 혼합물로부터의 올레핀 회수 방법 - Google Patents

올레핀-수소 혼합물로부터의 올레핀 회수 방법 Download PDF

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KR970075809A
KR970075809A KR1019970018632A KR19970018632A KR970075809A KR 970075809 A KR970075809 A KR 970075809A KR 1019970018632 A KR1019970018632 A KR 1019970018632A KR 19970018632 A KR19970018632 A KR 19970018632A KR 970075809 A KR970075809 A KR 970075809A
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rich
olefin
hydrogen
permeate
stream
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자비스 하워드 리
찰스 로울즈 하워드
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윌리엄 에프. 마쉬
에어 프로덕츠 앤드 케미칼스, 인코오포레이티드
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G70/00—Working-up undefined normally gaseous mixtures obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00, C10G11/00, C10G15/00, C10G47/00, C10G51/00
    • C10G70/04—Working-up undefined normally gaseous mixtures obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00, C10G11/00, C10G15/00, C10G47/00, C10G51/00 by physical processes
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/0204—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the feed stream
    • F25J3/0219—Refinery gas, cracking gas, coke oven gas, gaseous mixtures containing aliphatic unsaturated CnHm or gaseous mixtures of undefined nature
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
    • F25J3/0238—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of CnHm with 2 carbon atoms or more
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
    • F25J3/0252—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/80—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification using integrated mass and heat exchange, i.e. non-adiabatic rectification in a reflux exchanger or dephlegmator
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/02—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum
    • F25J2205/04—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum in the feed line, i.e. upstream of the fractionation step
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/40—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using hybrid system, i.e. combining cryogenic and non-cryogenic separation techniques
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/80—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using membrane, i.e. including a permeation step
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/12—Refinery or petrochemical off-gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/60—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams the fluid being hydrocarbons or a mixture of hydrocarbons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/02—Recycle of a stream in general, e.g. a by-pass stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/04—Internal refrigeration with work-producing gas expansion loop
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    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/60—Closed external refrigeration cycle with single component refrigerant [SCR], e.g. C1-, C2- or C3-hydrocarbons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
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  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
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  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명은 기체를 냉각시켜 탄화수소 화합물 분획을 응축시키고, 응축되지 않는 기체에서 수소를 제거하고, 약-166℉ 이상에서 작동하는 분별증류기를 사용하여 저온 응축 영역내에서 잔류 탄화수소 화합물을 응축시켜 열 분해증류된 기체 또는 유체 촉매 분해증류 분리기체에서 올레핀을 회수하는 방법에 관한 것이다. 이와 같은 유형의 작동은 응축물내의 메탄의 함량을 최소화하고, 부가로 메탄제거기칼럼(들)내에서 부가로 처리하고, 이를 저온 응축 영역내에서 부분 응축기를 사용하여 가능한한 승온하에서 에틸렌을 응축시킨다. 약 -166℉ 이상의 온도에서의 분별증류기를 사용하는 것은 에틸렌 회수 시스템내의 불안정한 질소 화합물의 형성 및 축적을 최소화 내지는 배제한다.

Description

올레핀-수소 혼합물로부터의 올레핀 회수 방법
본 내용은 요부공개 건이므로 전문내용을 수록하지 않았음
제1도는 본 발명 방법의 일반적인 실시태양에 대한 개략적인 흐름 설명도이다.

Claims (22)

  1. 제1응축 영역내에서 올레핀 및 수소를 포함하는 공급물 기체를 냉각시키고, 부분적으로 응축시켜 수소가 풍부한 제1증기 및 올레핀이 풍부한 제1액체를 수득하고, 수소-올레핀 분리 공정에 상기 제1증기를 투입하고, 이로부터 수소가 풍부한 흐름 및 올레핀이 풍부한 중간 흐름을 배출시키고, 제2응축 영역에 올레핀이 풍부한 중간 흐름을 투입하고, 이때, 상기 올레핀이 풍부한 중간 흐름을 부가로 냉각, 부분 응축 및 분별증류기내에서 정류시키고, 분별증류기로부터 부가로 올레핀이 풍부한 제2액체 및 올레핀을 거의 포함하지 않는 제2증기를 배출시키는 것을 포함하는 올레핀 및 수소를 포함하는 공급물 기체로부터 올레핀을 회수하는 방법.
  2. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 공급물 기체는 질소 산화물을 포함하며, 제2응축 영역내의 임의의 지점에서의 온도는 약 -166℉ 이상으로 유지되는 방법.
  3. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 공급물 기체는 증기 존재하의 탄화수소의 열분해로부터 수득한 분해증류 기체, 유체 촉매 분해증류 분리기체 또는 유체 코우크스 분리기체를 포함하는 방법.
  4. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 수소-올레핀 분리 공정은 중합체성 막 투과 공정을 포함하며, 이때, 상기 제1증기는 수소가 풍부한 투과물 및 올레핀이 풍부한 비투과물로 분리되며, 상기 비투과물은 제2응축 영역으로 올레핀이 풍부한 중간 흐름을 제공하는 방법.
  5. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 수소-올레핀 분리 공정은 다공성 흡착 막 투과 공정을 포함하며, 이때, 상기 제1증기는 수소가 풍부한 비투과물 및 올레핀이 풍부한 투과물을 포함하며, 상기 투과물은 제2응축 영역으로 올레핀이 풍부한 중간 흐름을 제공하는 방법.
  6. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 수소-올레핀 분리 공정은 압력 스윙 흡착 공정을 포함하며, 상기 제1증기는 수소가 풍부한 비흡착된 생성물 기체 및 올레핀이 풍부한 탈착 생성물 기체로 분리되며, 상기 탈착 생성물 기체는 제2응축 영역으로 올레핀이 풍부한 중간 흐름을 제공하는 방법.
  7. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 수소-올레핀 분리 공정은 막 분리 영역을 공급물 부위 및 투과물 부위로 나누는 흡착 막을 포함하는 막 분리 영역의 공급물 부위로 제1증기를 투입하고, 이로부터 수소가 풍부한 비투과물을 배출시키고, 압력 스윙 흡착 공정에 수소가 풍부한 비투과물을 투입하고, 이로부터 부가로 수소가 풍부한 비흡착 생성물 기체 및 올레핀이 풍부한 탈착 기체를 배출시키고, 막 분리 영역의 투과물 부위를 올레핀이 풍부한 탈착 기체로 소제하고, 이로부터 올레핀이 풍부한 투과물-소제 기체 혼합물을 배출하고, 상기 기체 혼합물은 제2응축 영역으로 올레핀이 풍부한 중간 흐름을 제공하는 것을 포함하는 방법.
  8. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 제1증기는 수소-올레핀 분리 공정으로 투입되기 전에 승온되는 방법.
  9. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 올레핀이 풍부한 중간 흐름을 제2응축 영역으로 투입하기 전에 냉각시키는 방법.
  10. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 제1응축 영역은 부분 응축기를 포함하는 방법.
  11. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 제1응축 영역이 분별증류기를 포함하는 방법.
  12. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 올레핀이 적어도 에틸렌을 포함하는 방법.
  13. 제9항에 있어서, 올레핀이 풍부한 중간 흐름을 냉각시키는 것은 제1응축 영역으로부터의 제1증기와 적어도 부분적으로 간접 열 교환에 의해 형성되는 방법.
  14. 제9항에 있어서, 올레핀이 풍부한 중간 흐름을 냉각시키는 것을 제2응축 영역 이전에 적어도 부분적으로 팽창 작용에 의해 형성되는 방법.
  15. 제4항에 있어서, 상기 중합체성 막 투과 공정은 일련의 두 개의 중합체성 막 투과기 단계를 포함하며, 이때, 제1증기를 제1중합체성 막 투과기 단계에 투입하고, 제1수소가 풍부한 투과물 증기 및 제1올레핀이 풍부한 비투과물 흐름을 이로부터 배출시키고, 제1올레핀이 풍부한 비투과물 흐름은 올레핀이 풍부한 중간 흐름을 제2응축 영역에 공급하고, 제1수소가 풍부한 투과물 흐름을 제2중합체성 막 투과기 단계에 투입하고, 제2수소가 풍부한 투과물 흐름 및 제2올레핀이 풍부한 비투과물 흐름을 이로부터 배출시키는 방법.
  16. 제15항에 있어서, 제2중합체성 막 투과기 단계로부터의 제2올레핀이 풍부한 비투과물 흐름의 일부 또는 전부를 제1중합체성 막 투과기 단계로부터의 제1올레핀이 풍부한 비투과물 흐름과 혼합하는 것을 부가로 포함하는 방법.
  17. 제5항에 있어서, 상기 다공성 흡착 막 투과 공정은 일련의 두 개의 막 투과기 단계를 포함하며, 이때, 제1증기를 제1흡착 막 투과기 단계에 투입하고, 제1수소가 풍부한 비투과물 흐름 및 제1올레핀이 풍부한 투과물 흐름을 이로부터 배출시키고, 제1올레핀이 풍부한 투과물 흐름은 올레핀이 풍부한 중간 흐름을 제2응축 영역에 공급하고, 제1수소가 풍부한 비투과물 흐름을 제2흡착 막 투과기 단계에 투입하고, 부가로 수소가 풍부한 비투과물 흐름 및 부가의 올레핀이 풍부한 투과물 흐름을 이로부터 배출시키는 방법.
  18. 제17항에 있어서, 제2흡착 막 투과기 단계로부터의 부가의 올레핀이 풍부한 투과물 흐름의 일부 또는 전부를 제1흡착 막 투과기 단계로부터의 제1올레핀이 풍부한 투과물 흐름과 합하는 것을 부가로 포함하는 방법.
  19. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 공급물 기체를 제1응축 영역내에서 냉각시켜 수소를 제거하기 전 공급물 기체내의 에틸렌을 50% 이상 응축시키는 방법.
  20. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 공급물 기체를 제1응축 영역내에서 냉각시켜 수소를 제거하기 전 공급물 기체내의 에틸렌을 75% 이상 응축시키는 방법.
  21. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 공급물 기체내의 50% 이상의 수소를 수소-올레핀 분리 공정에서 제거하는 방법.
  22. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 공급물 기체내의 75% 이상의 수소를 수소-올레핀 분리 공정에서 제거하는 방법.
    ※ 참고사항 : 최초출원 내용에 의하여 공개하는 것임.
KR1019970018632A 1996-05-08 1997-05-08 올레핀-수소 혼합물로부터의 올레핀 회수 방법 KR100210529B1 (ko)

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US08/646,839 US5634354A (en) 1996-05-08 1996-05-08 Olefin recovery from olefin-hydrogen mixtures
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