KR890701355A - Laminated metal plate - Google Patents
Laminated metal plateInfo
- Publication number
- KR890701355A KR890701355A KR1019890701002A KR890701002A KR890701355A KR 890701355 A KR890701355 A KR 890701355A KR 1019890701002 A KR1019890701002 A KR 1019890701002A KR 890701002 A KR890701002 A KR 890701002A KR 890701355 A KR890701355 A KR 890701355A
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- metal plate
- temperature
- polyester
- plate body
- laminate
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 20
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims 7
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims 5
- LZFNKJKBRGFWDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,6-dioxabicyclo[6.3.1]dodeca-1(12),8,10-triene-2,7-dione Chemical compound O=C1OCCOC(=O)C2=CC=CC1=C2 LZFNKJKBRGFWDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- LLLVZDVNHNWSDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylidene-3,5-dioxabicyclo[5.2.2]undeca-1(9),7,10-triene-2,6-dione Chemical compound C1(C2=CC=C(C(=O)OC(=C)O1)C=C2)=O LLLVZDVNHNWSDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims 4
- 229920006267 polyester film Polymers 0.000 claims 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 229920002799 BoPET Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- ORLQHILJRHBSAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl]methanol Chemical compound OCC1(CO)CCCCC1 ORLQHILJRHBSAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009823 thermal lamination Methods 0.000 claims 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
- B32B15/09—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B1/00—Layered products having a general shape other than plane
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/18—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising iron or steel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/08—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the cooling method
- B32B37/085—Quenching
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
- B32B37/16—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with all layers existing as coherent layers before laminating
- B32B37/20—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with all layers existing as coherent layers before laminating involving the assembly of continuous webs only
- B32B37/203—One or more of the layers being plastic
- B32B37/206—Laminating a continuous layer between two continuous plastic layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
- B32B38/0036—Heat treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D1/00—Containers having bodies formed in one piece, e.g. by casting metallic material, by moulding plastics, by blowing vitreous material, by throwing ceramic material, by moulding pulped fibrous material, by deep-drawing operations performed on sheet material
- B65D1/22—Boxes or like containers with side walls of substantial depth for enclosing contents
- B65D1/26—Thin-walled containers, e.g. formed by deep-drawing operations
- B65D1/28—Thin-walled containers, e.g. formed by deep-drawing operations formed of laminated material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/06—Coating on the layer surface on metal layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/514—Oriented
- B32B2307/518—Oriented bi-axially
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2309/00—Parameters for the laminating or treatment process; Apparatus details
- B32B2309/02—Temperature
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2310/00—Treatment by energy or chemical effects
- B32B2310/04—Treatment by energy or chemical effects using liquids, gas or steam
- B32B2310/0409—Treatment by energy or chemical effects using liquids, gas or steam using liquids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2311/00—Metals, their alloys or their compounds
- B32B2311/24—Aluminium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2311/00—Metals, their alloys or their compounds
- B32B2311/30—Iron, e.g. steel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2367/00—Polyesters, e.g. PET, i.e. polyethylene terephthalate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2439/00—Containers; Receptacles
- B32B2439/40—Closed containers
- B32B2439/66—Cans, tins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2439/00—Containers; Receptacles
- B32B2439/70—Food packaging
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
- Y10T428/12542—More than one such component
- Y10T428/12549—Adjacent to each other
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
- Y10T428/12556—Organic component
- Y10T428/12569—Synthetic resin
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
- Y10T428/1334—Nonself-supporting tubular film or bag [e.g., pouch, envelope, packet, etc.]
- Y10T428/1338—Elemental metal containing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
- Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
- Y10T428/1355—Elemental metal containing [e.g., substrate, foil, film, coating, etc.]
- Y10T428/1359—Three or more layers [continuous layer]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31678—Of metal
- Y10T428/31681—Next to polyester, polyamide or polyimide [e.g., alkyd, glue, or nylon, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31786—Of polyester [e.g., alkyd, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31786—Of polyester [e.g., alkyd, etc.]
- Y10T428/31797—Next to addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
Abstract
내용 없음No content
Description
본 내용은 요부공개 건이므로 전문내용을 수록하지 않았음Since this is an open matter, no full text was included.
본 발명의 공정에 따라 제조한 적층된 금속판체의 다이아그램적인 단면도를 첨부된 도면중 제1도에 나타내었다.A diagrammatic cross-sectional view of a laminated metal plate body manufactured according to the process of the present invention is shown in FIG. 1 of the accompanying drawings.
Claims (18)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB878724239A GB8724239D0 (en) | 1987-10-15 | 1987-10-15 | Laminated metal sheet |
GB8724238 | 1987-10-15 | ||
GB8724239 | 1987-10-15 | ||
PCT/GB1988/000853 WO1989003304A1 (en) | 1987-10-15 | 1988-10-12 | Laminated metal sheet |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
KR890701355A true KR890701355A (en) | 1989-12-20 |
KR960000730B1 KR960000730B1 (en) | 1996-01-12 |
Family
ID=10625382
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
KR1019890701003A KR960000731B1 (en) | 1987-10-15 | 1988-10-12 | Laminated metal sheet |
KR1019890701002A KR960000730B1 (en) | 1987-10-15 | 1988-10-12 | Laminated mestal sheet |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
KR1019890701003A KR960000731B1 (en) | 1987-10-15 | 1988-10-12 | Laminated metal sheet |
Country Status (29)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5093208A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0312304B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH02501638A (en) |
KR (2) | KR960000731B1 (en) |
CN (2) | CN1045923C (en) |
AT (1) | ATE87262T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU616442B2 (en) |
BG (1) | BG51346A3 (en) |
BR (1) | BR8807250A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1313494C (en) |
DD (1) | DD299521A5 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3879610T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK292989A (en) |
ES (1) | ES2040352T3 (en) |
FI (1) | FI100705B (en) |
GB (2) | GB8724239D0 (en) |
HK (1) | HK30495A (en) |
HU (1) | HUT56766A (en) |
MY (1) | MY104840A (en) |
NO (1) | NO892422L (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ226532A (en) |
PL (1) | PL162007B1 (en) |
PT (1) | PT88730B (en) |
RU (2) | RU2080265C1 (en) |
SG (1) | SG12995G (en) |
TR (1) | TR26709A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1989003303A1 (en) |
YU (1) | YU219389A (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA887620B (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100361198B1 (en) * | 1992-10-02 | 2003-10-10 | 스미또모 가가꾸 고오교오 가부시끼가이샤 | Multilayer laminate and its manufacturing method |
Families Citing this family (97)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5238517A (en) * | 1987-10-15 | 1993-08-24 | Cmb Foodcan Plc | Production of laminated materials |
US5094924A (en) * | 1988-10-19 | 1992-03-10 | Kenzo Matsui | Polyester resin film laminated steel sheet for drawn and ironed can |
GB2233277A (en) * | 1989-06-08 | 1991-01-09 | Metal Box Plc | "laminates of metal and polyester film" |
US5318648A (en) * | 1989-06-08 | 1994-06-07 | Cmb Foodcan Plc | Laminates of metal and polyester film |
JP2803854B2 (en) * | 1989-08-30 | 1998-09-24 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Composite steel sheet excellent in formability of drawn and ironed cans |
US5272011A (en) * | 1989-10-11 | 1993-12-21 | Toyo Kohan Co., Ltd. | Copolyester resin film laminated metal sheet |
GB2246535B (en) * | 1990-07-28 | 1994-01-26 | Cmb Foodcan Plc | Method of manufacturing a wall ironed can |
JPH04105931A (en) * | 1990-08-27 | 1992-04-07 | Nippon Steel Corp | Composite steel plate for eoe and preparation thereof |
TW226977B (en) * | 1990-09-06 | 1994-07-21 | Teijin Ltd | |
CA2068829C (en) * | 1991-05-17 | 1998-12-15 | Yashichi Ooyagi | Steel strip for three-piece can body, production process thereof and resistance seam welded three-piece can body |
US5234516A (en) * | 1992-01-28 | 1993-08-10 | Toyo Kohan Co., Ltd. | Method for production of a polyethylene laminated metal sheet |
GB9204972D0 (en) * | 1992-03-06 | 1992-04-22 | Cmb Foodcan Plc | Laminated metal sheet |
CA2129435C (en) * | 1992-12-04 | 2007-01-09 | Masahiro Kimura | Polyester film for thermal lamination |
EP0608632B1 (en) * | 1992-12-25 | 2000-03-22 | Toyo Seikan Kaisha Limited | Coated metal plate for cans and seamless cans formed therefrom |
GB9306158D0 (en) * | 1993-03-25 | 1993-05-19 | Metal Box Plc | Process and apparatus for producing laminated materials |
GB9306140D0 (en) * | 1993-03-25 | 1993-05-19 | Metal Box Plc | Process & apparatus for producing laminated materials |
US5919517A (en) | 1993-05-05 | 1999-07-06 | Aluminum Company Of America | Method for coating a metal strip |
US5407702A (en) * | 1993-05-05 | 1995-04-18 | Aluminum Company Of America | Method for coating a metal strip |
JPH06320658A (en) * | 1993-05-12 | 1994-11-22 | Toray Ind Inc | Film for laminating metal |
EP0646455B1 (en) * | 1993-10-04 | 2000-06-14 | Teijin Limited | Laminated polyester film for use as film with which metal plate is to be laminated |
JPH08169084A (en) * | 1994-12-16 | 1996-07-02 | Toray Ind Inc | Production of metal/film laminate |
US5686194A (en) * | 1994-02-07 | 1997-11-11 | Toyo Kohan Co., Ltd. | Resin film laminated steel for can by dry forming |
GB2286364B (en) * | 1994-02-14 | 1997-03-26 | Toyo Kohan Co Ltd | Resin laminated metal sheet |
IT1269757B (en) * | 1994-05-12 | 1997-04-15 | Siquam Spa | PROCEDURE FOR MULTILAYER COATING OF METAL SHEET TAPES IN ROLL OR SHEETS AND PRODUCT SO OBTAINED |
WO1996009169A1 (en) * | 1994-09-23 | 1996-03-28 | Eastman Chemical Company | Extrusion coating process for making amorphous polyester layers on metal foil substrates |
US5529832A (en) * | 1994-11-10 | 1996-06-25 | Teijin Limited | Biaxially oriented laminated polyester film |
KR100352552B1 (en) * | 1995-03-22 | 2002-11-11 | 알루미늄 컴퍼니 오브 아메리카 | Method and Apparatus for Coating a Metal Strip and the Product thereof |
NZ284655A (en) * | 1995-04-12 | 1999-08-30 | Aluminum Co Of America | Extrusion coating both sides of a metal strip with a polymer resin |
GB2303330B (en) * | 1995-07-21 | 1999-09-08 | British Steel Plc | Improvements in and relating to laminated tin mill products and methods of producing the same |
GB2309931B (en) * | 1996-02-06 | 1999-07-21 | British Steel Plc | Improvements in and relating to laminated tin mill products and methods of producing the same |
JPH09216313A (en) * | 1996-02-15 | 1997-08-19 | Nippon Steel Corp | Resin composite metal plate for metal vessel |
JP3440688B2 (en) * | 1996-03-19 | 2003-08-25 | 東洋製罐株式会社 | Two-piece seamless aluminum container and manufacturing method thereof |
EP0798110A3 (en) * | 1996-03-29 | 2000-05-24 | Mitsubishi Polyester Film Corporation | Polyester film for laminating metal can end substrate surface |
JP3350057B2 (en) * | 1996-04-10 | 2002-11-25 | 東洋鋼鈑株式会社 | Method for producing resin-coated aluminum alloy plate for drawing and ironing can |
US6270589B1 (en) | 1996-04-10 | 2001-08-07 | Toyo Kohan Co., Ltd. | Method of manufacturing resin coated aluminum alloy plates for drawn and ironed cans |
JP3146973B2 (en) * | 1996-05-01 | 2001-03-19 | 東洋製罐株式会社 | Laminated plate and can making method using the same |
US5750001A (en) * | 1996-07-15 | 1998-05-12 | Hettinga; Siebolt | Metal reinforced plastic article and method of forming same |
US5985080A (en) * | 1996-11-11 | 1999-11-16 | Toyo Seikan Kaisha, Ltd. | Process for producing a resin-metal laminate |
AU7080398A (en) * | 1997-04-25 | 1998-11-24 | Toyo Kohan Co. Ltd. | Resin-coated aluminum alloy sheet for drawn and ironed cans |
AU7080498A (en) * | 1997-04-25 | 1998-11-24 | Toyo Kohan Co. Ltd. | Resin-coated aluminum alloy sheet for drawn and ironed can |
WO1998049360A1 (en) * | 1997-04-25 | 1998-11-05 | Toyo Kohan Co., Ltd. | Resin-coated aluminum alloy sheet for drawn and ironed cans |
JP3945893B2 (en) * | 1997-04-28 | 2007-07-18 | リケンテクノス株式会社 | Laminated decorative sheet |
EP1023175B1 (en) | 1997-05-30 | 2006-02-15 | Alcoa Inc. | Method for coating aluminum metal strip |
EP1344643B1 (en) * | 1998-01-06 | 2006-03-29 | Toyo Boseki Kabushiki Kaisha | Polyester laminate film, metal plate laminated with this film and film-laminated metal container |
JP3291245B2 (en) * | 1998-05-11 | 2002-06-10 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | Film laminating equipment |
DE19837258A1 (en) | 1998-08-17 | 2000-03-02 | Deutsch Zentr Luft & Raumfahrt | Device for operating a surgical instrument for anastomosis of hollow organs |
CN1104328C (en) * | 1999-04-08 | 2003-04-02 | 孟庆连 | Technology for periodically semi-continuous production of coiled composite metal band |
EP1186406B1 (en) | 2000-09-12 | 2006-11-22 | Toyo Boseki Kabushiki Kaisha | White polyester film for a metal plate laminate, film-laminated metal plate and metal container |
BR0116187A (en) * | 2000-12-06 | 2003-12-16 | Dow Global Technologies Inc | Protective coatings for metal surfaces containing a non-oriented multilayer film with a polyolefin core |
DE10130005B4 (en) * | 2001-06-25 | 2004-12-23 | Rasselstein Gmbh | Process for coating the surface of a metal strip with a plastic film and use of a laminate produced by the process |
JP3982385B2 (en) * | 2001-11-27 | 2007-09-26 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | Resin film for laminating metal plate, method for producing the same, resin laminated metal plate and method for producing the same |
KR100493956B1 (en) * | 2001-12-21 | 2005-06-14 | (주)하남전자 | Method Of Fabricating Aluminum Plate |
KR100459003B1 (en) * | 2002-01-14 | 2004-12-03 | 동양석판(주) | A resin film layered aluminium plate for casing an electronic device and a manufacturing method of the same |
EP1449883A1 (en) * | 2003-02-18 | 2004-08-25 | Corus Technology BV | Polymer packaging layer with improved release properties |
DE602004025684D1 (en) * | 2003-03-28 | 2010-04-08 | Corus Staal Bv | RAIL MATERIAL FOR THE FORMING, MADE BY THEREOF |
EP1658955B2 (en) * | 2003-08-18 | 2014-10-22 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation | Laminated metal sheet |
JP2005298688A (en) * | 2004-04-13 | 2005-10-27 | Toyobo Co Ltd | Polyester-based film for coating metal sheet and its manufacturing method, polyester-based film-coated metal sheet and its manufacturing method, polyester-based film-coated metal can |
US8381928B2 (en) * | 2004-06-04 | 2013-02-26 | Ti Group Automotive Systems, L.L.C. | Multilayer fuel tank with a seam having an overlay for reducing vapor permeation |
EP1688187A1 (en) * | 2005-02-02 | 2006-08-09 | Toyo Kohan Co., Ltd. | Metal plate coated with polyester resin, and can using the same |
WO2007018446A1 (en) * | 2005-08-05 | 2007-02-15 | Anatoly Anatolyevich Kutyev | Means for transporting and storing a nitrous oxide-enriched beverage |
US7942991B1 (en) * | 2005-09-13 | 2011-05-17 | Loen Mark V | Laminating polyester onto metal substrate |
US9186875B1 (en) | 2005-09-13 | 2015-11-17 | Mark V. Loen | Processing improvements in applying polyester onto a metal substrate |
US9358766B2 (en) | 2005-09-13 | 2016-06-07 | Toray Plastics (America), Inc. | Applying biaxially oriented polyester onto a metal substrate |
DE102007030928A1 (en) * | 2007-07-03 | 2009-01-08 | Hydro Aluminium Deutschland Gmbh | Method and device for producing a band-shaped composite material |
JP5205870B2 (en) * | 2007-08-28 | 2013-06-05 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | Aqueous coolant for DI molding of laminated metal sheet |
JP5205871B2 (en) * | 2007-08-28 | 2013-06-05 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | Aqueous coolant for DI molding of laminated metal plate, DI molding method of laminated metal plate |
US8210377B2 (en) * | 2008-03-20 | 2012-07-03 | Crown Packaging Technology, Inc. | Closure edge protection via polymer coated metal |
JP4897733B2 (en) * | 2008-04-02 | 2012-03-14 | マツイカガク株式会社 | Seamless can printing ink composition |
CN102802937B (en) * | 2009-06-17 | 2015-04-22 | 东洋钢钣株式会社 | Composite Al material for drawn and ironed can |
SI2701905T1 (en) | 2011-04-28 | 2015-11-30 | Tata Steel Ijmuiden Hv | Process for producing a polymer coated metal substrate |
KR101998899B1 (en) | 2011-08-19 | 2019-07-10 | 쓰리엠 이노베이티브 프로퍼티즈 컴파니 | Method of forming deep-drawn paint film laminated sheet metal and articles made therefrom |
JP5733405B2 (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2015-06-10 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | Resin coated metal plate |
KR20140071421A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2014-06-11 | 닛뽄스틸 앤드 스미킨 메탈 프로덕츠 컴퍼니 리미티드 | Compound structure equipped with resin structure and metal plate, and manufacturing method therefor |
CN102848676B (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2015-05-20 | 奥瑞金包装股份有限公司 | Coextrusion casting polyester film and preparation method thereof |
JP5786873B2 (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2015-09-30 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | Resin coated metal plate |
DE102013109801B4 (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2020-07-09 | Thyssenkrupp Rasselstein Gmbh | Tinplate coated with a polymer coating and process for its production |
CN105705327B (en) | 2013-10-30 | 2017-06-20 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | Container laminated metal sheet, the manufacture method of metal can and forming sheet metal evaluation method |
JP5613349B1 (en) * | 2014-07-16 | 2014-10-22 | 日新製鋼株式会社 | Colored metal sheet and exterior building materials |
DE102015113878B4 (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2023-03-16 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Process for the thermal treatment of a black plate coated with a conversion layer |
US11027523B2 (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2021-06-08 | Toray Plastics (America), Inc. | Polyester film incorporating silicone for release of canned meat products |
US10639874B2 (en) | 2015-12-17 | 2020-05-05 | Tata Steel Ijmuiden B.V. | Process for laminating a polymeric film to a metal strip substrate and a metal strip substrate produced thereby |
DE102016205913A1 (en) | 2016-04-08 | 2017-10-12 | Mitsubishi Polyester Film Gmbh | Biaxially oriented polyester film for metal lamination |
CA3023495C (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2022-06-14 | Novelis Inc. | Laminated can end stock with elevated temperature annealing |
CN107538881B (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2019-12-27 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Production method and equipment of film-coated metal plate |
US20180104930A1 (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2018-04-19 | Eastman Chemical Company | Metal articles with heat laminated clear semi-crystalline polyesters |
CN106628608A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-05-10 | 广州卓迅包装机械有限公司 | Easy-to-tear can for film covering foods |
WO2018184911A1 (en) | 2017-04-03 | 2018-10-11 | Tata Steel Ijmuiden B.V. | Process for producing a polymer coated metal substrate and a metal strip substrate provided with a polymer coating |
DE102017108403B4 (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2021-05-06 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Method for coating a steel strip |
EP3395707B8 (en) | 2017-04-26 | 2021-10-06 | Speira GmbH | Beverage can made from uniform aluminium alloy |
US20190116977A1 (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2019-04-25 | Streater LLC | Cover for store shelves |
CN111328309B (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2023-01-06 | 塔塔钢铁艾默伊登有限责任公司 | Method for producing a polymer-coated steel sheet for 3-piece cans and use thereof |
BR112020007255B1 (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2023-04-25 | Nippon Steel Corporation | HOT SEALED LID AND CAN |
NZ765227A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2023-05-26 | Jfe Steel Corp | Resin-coated metal sheet for container |
CN111971171B (en) * | 2018-04-30 | 2023-10-24 | 塔塔钢铁艾默伊登有限责任公司 | Polymer coating composition for metal substrates and use thereof |
CN113382867A (en) | 2019-01-02 | 2021-09-10 | 诺维尔里斯公司 | System and method for laminating can lidstock |
US20220033136A1 (en) * | 2019-02-07 | 2022-02-03 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Can lid made of resin laminate steel sheet for resin-metal composite container, can bottom made of resin laminate steel sheet for resin-metal composite container, and resin-metal composite container |
KR20220148808A (en) | 2020-03-09 | 2022-11-07 | 타타 스틸 이즈무이덴 베.뷔. | Manufacturing method of laminated metal plate for packaging and metal plate for packaging manufactured thereby |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3647592A (en) * | 1968-07-24 | 1972-03-07 | Mallory & Co Inc P R | Polyester bonding process |
JPS4934180B1 (en) * | 1969-03-05 | 1974-09-12 | ||
JPS543498B2 (en) * | 1973-02-02 | 1979-02-23 | ||
US3914502A (en) * | 1973-02-02 | 1975-10-21 | Toyo Boseki | Heat-adhesive laminated film |
JPS5265588A (en) * | 1975-11-26 | 1977-05-31 | Toray Ind Inc | Covered metal structures and manufacturing thereof |
JPS5610451A (en) * | 1979-07-05 | 1981-02-02 | Toray Industries | Resin coated metallic plate for vessel |
JPS5689518A (en) * | 1979-12-21 | 1981-07-20 | Toyo Ink Mfg Co Ltd | Production of laminate |
US4322003A (en) * | 1980-03-26 | 1982-03-30 | Ludlow Corporation | Laminate with heat-sealable polyester foil and package |
US4330587A (en) * | 1981-02-23 | 1982-05-18 | Monsanto Company | Metal-thermoplastic-metal laminates |
AU530007B2 (en) * | 1981-04-02 | 1983-06-30 | Dow Chemical Company, The | Laminated container body and manufacture thereof |
JPS6047103B2 (en) * | 1981-11-13 | 1985-10-19 | 東洋鋼鈑株式会社 | Manufacturing method of polyester resin film coated metal plate |
SE446703B (en) * | 1982-01-20 | 1986-10-06 | Tetra Pak Finance & Trading | SET TO MAKE A DEPTH OR DRAWING LEMPAT LAMINATE MATERIAL, THROUGH THE SET LAMINATE MANUFACTURED AND ARTICLES MANUFACTURED |
US4614691A (en) * | 1984-10-01 | 1986-09-30 | Toyo Kohan Co., Ltd. | Method for production of metal sheet covered with polyester resin film |
JPS61149340A (en) * | 1984-12-25 | 1986-07-08 | Toyo Kohan Co Ltd | Manufacture of polyester resin film-covered metal plate |
EP0262929B1 (en) * | 1986-10-01 | 1995-01-18 | Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd. | Amorphous polyester compositions and uses thereof |
-
1987
- 1987-10-15 GB GB878724239A patent/GB8724239D0/en active Pending
-
1988
- 1988-10-12 BR BR888807250A patent/BR8807250A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-10-12 PL PL88275218A patent/PL162007B1/en unknown
- 1988-10-12 JP JP63508291A patent/JPH02501638A/en active Pending
- 1988-10-12 AU AU25477/88A patent/AU616442B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1988-10-12 RU RU9292016356A patent/RU2080265C1/en active
- 1988-10-12 PT PT88730A patent/PT88730B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-10-12 DD DD88320674A patent/DD299521A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-10-12 EP EP88309503A patent/EP0312304B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-10-12 ES ES198888309503T patent/ES2040352T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-10-12 ZA ZA887620A patent/ZA887620B/en unknown
- 1988-10-12 GB GB8823927A patent/GB2211465B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-10-12 KR KR1019890701003A patent/KR960000731B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-10-12 CA CA000579940A patent/CA1313494C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-10-12 WO PCT/GB1988/000852 patent/WO1989003303A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1988-10-12 HU HU886007A patent/HUT56766A/en unknown
- 1988-10-12 CN CN88107071A patent/CN1045923C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-10-12 KR KR1019890701002A patent/KR960000730B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1988-10-12 AT AT88309503T patent/ATE87262T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-10-12 NZ NZ226532A patent/NZ226532A/en unknown
- 1988-10-12 MY MYPI88001136A patent/MY104840A/en unknown
- 1988-10-12 DE DE8888309503T patent/DE3879610T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-10-14 TR TR88/0719A patent/TR26709A/en unknown
-
1989
- 1989-06-05 RU SU894614299A patent/RU2037426C1/en active
- 1989-06-13 BG BG88820A patent/BG51346A3/en unknown
- 1989-06-13 NO NO89892422A patent/NO892422L/en unknown
- 1989-06-14 DK DK292989A patent/DK292989A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1989-06-14 FI FI892902A patent/FI100705B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-11-17 YU YU02193/89A patent/YU219389A/en unknown
-
1991
- 1991-01-18 US US07/642,566 patent/US5093208A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1992
- 1992-05-20 CN CN92103244A patent/CN1065825A/en active Pending
-
1995
- 1995-01-26 SG SG12995A patent/SG12995G/en unknown
- 1995-03-09 HK HK30495A patent/HK30495A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100361198B1 (en) * | 1992-10-02 | 2003-10-10 | 스미또모 가가꾸 고오교오 가부시끼가이샤 | Multilayer laminate and its manufacturing method |
Also Published As
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
KR890701355A (en) | Laminated metal plate | |
MY104338A (en) | Laminated metal sheet | |
MY104339A (en) | Laminated metal sheet | |
KR890701359A (en) | Laminated metal plate | |
KR890701357A (en) | Laminated metal plate | |
US5736086A (en) | Process for forming layered structure of metal sheet and polyester | |
US5330605A (en) | Method for production of a copolyester resin film laminated metal sheet | |
AU631885B2 (en) | Laminates of metal and polyester film | |
US5318648A (en) | Laminates of metal and polyester film | |
EP0699217B1 (en) | Metal copolyester laminates | |
JPH07314625A (en) | Polyester composite film for metal laminate, laminated metal panel and metal container | |
JP3876007B2 (en) | Polyester composite film for metal lamination, laminated metal plate and metal container | |
JP2001329056A (en) | Laminating polyester sheet, laminated metal sheet, and metallic container | |
JPH0562067B2 (en) | ||
KR960021527A (en) | Metal film laminate | |
JP3849826B2 (en) | Film-coated metal sheet for forming process | |
KR102088853B1 (en) | Laminated steel sheet for double-sided resin coated containers | |
JP3826450B2 (en) | Method for producing film-coated metal plate for can manufacturing process and method for producing printing can | |
JPH0281630A (en) | Polyester composite film | |
JPH1044354A (en) | Polyester film, laminate metal plate, its manufacture and metal container | |
JPH0760920A (en) | Production of easily releasable multilayered structure | |
JP2004358660A (en) | Plastic laminated metal sheet, its manufacturing method and can comprising plastic laminated metal sheet | |
KR840000375A (en) | Method of manufacturing polyester resin coated metal sheet | |
JP3380332B2 (en) | Laminated metal plate with two-layer coating structure | |
KR19980016622A (en) | Biaxially Oriented Laminated Polyester Film for Metal Plate Lamination |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A201 | Request for examination | ||
G160 | Decision to publish patent application | ||
E701 | Decision to grant or registration of patent right | ||
NORF | Unpaid initial registration fee |