KR890701329A - 열가소성 웨브 재료의 성형 - Google Patents
열가소성 웨브 재료의 성형Info
- Publication number
- KR890701329A KR890701329A KR1019880701482A KR880701482A KR890701329A KR 890701329 A KR890701329 A KR 890701329A KR 1019880701482 A KR1019880701482 A KR 1019880701482A KR 880701482 A KR880701482 A KR 880701482A KR 890701329 A KR890701329 A KR 890701329A
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- web
- conveyor
- conveyor means
- thermoforming machine
- thermoforming
- Prior art date
Links
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 title claims 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 title claims 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 10
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
- B29C51/18—Thermoforming apparatus
- B29C51/20—Thermoforming apparatus having movable moulds or mould parts
- B29C51/22—Thermoforming apparatus having movable moulds or mould parts rotatable about an axis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
- B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
- B29C48/91—Heating, e.g. for cross linking
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
- B29C48/911—Cooling
- B29C48/9135—Cooling of flat articles, e.g. using specially adapted supporting means
- B29C48/914—Cooling of flat articles, e.g. using specially adapted supporting means cooling drums
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
- B29C51/02—Combined thermoforming and manufacture of the preform
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
- B29C51/26—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C51/42—Heating or cooling
- B29C51/421—Heating or cooling of preforms, specially adapted for thermoforming
- B29C51/422—Heating or cooling of preforms, specially adapted for thermoforming to produce a temperature differential
- B29C51/423—Heating or cooling of preforms, specially adapted for thermoforming to produce a temperature differential through the thickness of the preform
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2101/00—Use of unspecified macromolecular compounds as moulding material
- B29K2101/12—Thermoplastic materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2022/00—Hollow articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
- Pens And Brushes (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Making Paper Articles (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
- Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
- Seal Device For Vehicle (AREA)
Abstract
내용 없음
Description
본 내용은 요부공개 건이므로 전문내용을 수록하지 않았음
제1도는 연속 열성형기에 적용되는 본 발명의 일 실시예를 보인것으로, 이 경우 압출다이로부터 나오는 유체용융 사이트(1)는 위치(4)에서 시이트를 잡고 그의 두께를 조절하는 두개의 템퍼링 로울(2 및 3) 사이를 지나간다. 그 재료는 처리되는 재료의 형태와 두께 및 처리조건에 따라 부호(6′)와 같은 다수이 위치로 이동될 수 있는 조절 템퍼링 로울(6)에 의하여 템퍼링 로울(3)와 접촉유지된다. 현재 하측면이 고체상태로 동결된 재료 사이트(7)는 위치(8′)에 도시한 회전 로울(8)을 경우하여 가동 컴베이어 벨트(10)로 안내된다. 컴베이어 벨트(10)는 상기 벨트의 온도를 조절하도록 작용하는 온도 조절 로울(9)에 의하여 구동된다. 유체 용융물의 시이티는 하측면이 시이트 용융물의 내부로부터 잔류열의 유동으로 인하여 재용융 되기전에 위치(11)에서 컨베이어를 떠난다. 이는 벨트(10)에의 접착을 피한다. 그 다음 재료는 연속 성형기로 들어가며, 그 하나의 실시예가 성형기(15)이며, 이는 대향쌍의 가동 웅형(13), 및 자형(12)으로 구성되며, 이는 용융 시이트를 최종 부분(14)으로 성형한다. 제2도는 본 발명의 다른 실시예를 보인것으로서, 이 경우 웨브 지지 컨베이어는 시이트 웨브의 평면에 놓이는 가동 피버트점에 대하여 회동하도록 배열되어 있다. 제3도는 제1도의 로울러의 다른 위치를 보인 것이다.
Claims (17)
- 한셋트의 온도 조절 템퍼링 로울에서 열가소성 재료의 웨브를 직접 압출하고, 상기 템퍼링 로울을 통과시키므로서 웨브의 상하측 표면층을 냉각시키면서 상기 상하측 표면층 사이에 용융상태로 웨브의 내부를 유지시키고, 부분적으로 냉각된 웨브를 컨베이어에 공급하고, 웨브를 열성형기의 입구에 운반하는 것으로 구성되는 중공체를 열성형하는방법에 있어서, 컨베이어와 접촉하고 있는 웨브의 표면층이 웨브의 용융된 내부에 의하여 웨브가 컨베이어에 접착하게 되는 온도이하의 열성형온도까지 재가열 될때까지 웨브가 컨베이어에 유지되게함을 특징으로 하는 중공체를 열성형하는 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 웨브가 압출기로부터 열성형기로 연속길이로서 공급되는 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 웨브 표면층의 재가열 표면층과 접촉된 컨베이어 길이를 조절하므로서 조정되는 방법.
- 제 3 항에 있어서, 컨베이어의 온도는 포면층의 재가열을 조정하는데 있어서 보조하도록 조정하는 방법.
- 제 3 항 또는 제 4 항에 있어서, 웨브와 템퍼링 로울사이의 접촉 길이는 웨브의 온도를 조정하는데 있어서보조하도록 조정되는 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 웨브는 컨베이어로부터 수직으로 대향된 금형을 갖는 열성형기 입구로 수평으로 공급되는 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 웨브는 컨베이어로부터 수평 대향된 금형을 갖는 열성형기의 입구로 수직으로 공급되는 방법.
- 제 7 항에 있어서, 컨베이어 및 금형사이의 웨브 길이는 자체 구조에 의해서는 지지되지 않지만 금형을 떠난후에는 지지되는 방법.
- 압출기로부터 용융 열가소성 재료의 웨브를 수용하기 위한 한셋트의 온도 조절 템퍼링 로울, 템퍼링 로울로부터 조절된 웨브를 수용하고 웨브를 열성형기의 입구로 운반하기 위한 컨베이어 수단으로 구성되는 압출기로부터 열성형기로 열가소성 시이트를 공급하기 위한 장치에 있어서, 템퍼링 로울 및 컨베이어 수단의 상대위치 및 웨브에 의하여 접촉되는 컨베이어 수단의 길이는 컨베이어 수단과 접촉하는 웨브표면의 온도가 웨브가 컨베이어 수단에 접착하게 되는 온도이하의 열성형온도에서 열성형기에 들어가도록 조절될 수 있게 조절가능함을 특징으로 하는 압출기로부터 열성형기에열가소성 시이트를 공급하는 장치.
- 제 9 항에 있어서, 컨베이어 수단은 피동 컨베이어 벨트를 포함하고 있는 장치.
- 제 9 항 또는 제 10 항에 있어서, 컨베이어 수단은 컨베이어 출구 단부가 열성형기 입구를 향하여 또는그로부터 멀리 이동되도록 피버트되는 장치.
- 제 11 항에 있어서, 컨베이어 수단은 이것과 접촉시 웨브 평면에 대체로 위치한 지점에서 피버트되는 장치.
- 제 12 항에 있어서, 상기한 피버트점의 위치가 조절가능한 장치.
- 제 9 항에 있어서, 웨브와 접촉된 컨베이어 수단의 길이는 연속적으로 압출된 웨브 부분을 유지시키고 유지된 부분을 열성형기로 간헐적으로 공급하도록 조절될 수 있는 장치.
- 제9항에 있어서, 컨베이어 수단은 웨브를 열 성형기에 수평으로 공급하도록 열성형기의 입구에 적절히 위치되고 열성형기의 금형은 컨베이어 수단의 입출이 가능하도록 이동가능하게 되어 있는 장치
- 제9항에 있어서, 컨베이어 수단이 웨브를 수직으로 열성형기에 공급하도록 열성형기 입구에 적절히 위치되어 있는 장치.
- 제16항에 있어서, 지지수단이 열성형기를 나오는 제품을 지지하도록 제공되어 있고 컨베이어 수단 및 열성형기 사이에 웨브를 지지하기 위해서는 어떠한 지지수단도 제공되어 있지 않은 장치.※ 참고사항 : 최초출원 내용에 의하여 공개하는 것임.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AUPI088887 | 1987-03-17 | ||
AUPI0888 | 1987-03-17 | ||
AU?PI0888 | 1987-03-17 | ||
PCT/AU1988/000072 WO1988006965A1 (en) | 1987-03-17 | 1988-03-17 | Forming thermoplastic web materials |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
KR890701329A true KR890701329A (ko) | 1989-12-20 |
KR960007292B1 KR960007292B1 (ko) | 1996-05-30 |
Family
ID=3772067
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
KR1019880701482A KR960007292B1 (ko) | 1987-03-17 | 1988-07-13 | 열가소성 웨브 재료의 성형 |
Country Status (21)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4994229A (ko) |
EP (2) | EP0283284B1 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP2553684B2 (ko) |
KR (1) | KR960007292B1 (ko) |
AT (1) | ATE96372T1 (ko) |
AU (1) | AU598918B2 (ko) |
BR (1) | BR8806042A (ko) |
CA (1) | CA1304904C (ko) |
DE (1) | DE3885126T2 (ko) |
DK (1) | DK173014B1 (ko) |
ES (1) | ES2046295T3 (ko) |
FI (1) | FI95218C (ko) |
HU (1) | HU210318B (ko) |
IN (1) | IN171517B (ko) |
MY (1) | MY102816A (ko) |
NO (1) | NO885104L (ko) |
NZ (1) | NZ223932A (ko) |
PT (1) | PT87003B (ko) |
SU (1) | SU1655297A3 (ko) |
WO (1) | WO1988006965A1 (ko) |
ZA (1) | ZA881905B (ko) |
Families Citing this family (36)
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DE69030975T2 (de) * | 1989-04-07 | 1997-10-09 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen umwandlung mit kontinuierlicher zufuhr |
AU640375B2 (en) * | 1989-04-07 | 1993-08-26 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance Sa | Continuous feed thermoforming method and apparatus |
DE4018531C1 (ko) * | 1990-06-09 | 1992-02-13 | Roehm Gmbh, 6100 Darmstadt, De | |
US5385465A (en) * | 1990-12-28 | 1995-01-31 | Greiwe; Daniel | Verticle thermoforming apparatus |
US5783229A (en) * | 1993-09-15 | 1998-07-21 | International Container Corp. | Thermoforming process and apparatus |
US5856012A (en) * | 1993-10-18 | 1999-01-05 | Bayer Ag | Process for the production of multilayer plastic sheets |
DE4408445A1 (de) * | 1994-03-12 | 1995-09-14 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung einer Fließmittelpackung über eine Halbschale |
AUPN001594A0 (en) * | 1994-12-12 | 1995-01-12 | Garmond Australia Pty. Ltd. | On-line embossing system for plastic profile extrusion |
FR2751266B1 (fr) * | 1996-07-19 | 1998-10-30 | Duplessy Herve | Procede de thermo-formage en cycle chaud de matiere thermo-plastique utilisant une paraison libre |
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FI124947B (fi) * | 2012-03-19 | 2015-04-15 | Stora Enso Oyj | Syvävedetty paperivuoka, menetelmä ja laitteisto sen valmistamiseksi, ja vuokamallinen tuotepakkaus |
EP2928684B1 (en) | 2012-12-07 | 2019-07-17 | Bemis Company, Inc. | Multilayer film |
US9364107B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2016-06-14 | Berry Plastics Corporation | Drink cup lid |
DE102013107514A1 (de) * | 2013-07-16 | 2015-01-22 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Verbundhalbzeugs |
EP3165347B1 (de) * | 2013-09-30 | 2019-01-02 | Kiefel GmbH | Anlage und verfahren zum thermoformen einer folie zu einer vielzahl produkte |
WO2015112000A1 (es) * | 2014-01-27 | 2015-07-30 | Medina Espinosa Rodrigo | Carretilla con bandeja plástica mejorada y su proceso de elaboración |
US10577159B2 (en) | 2017-04-07 | 2020-03-03 | Berry Plastics Corporation | Drink cup lid |
WO2019032564A1 (en) | 2017-08-07 | 2019-02-14 | Berry Global, Inc. | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THERMOFORMING AN ARTICLE |
USD907997S1 (en) | 2018-08-10 | 2021-01-19 | Berry Global, Inc. | Drink cup lid |
US11433591B2 (en) | 2019-02-06 | 2022-09-06 | Berry Global, Inc. | Process of forming polymeric material |
US11891488B2 (en) | 2019-02-06 | 2024-02-06 | Berry Global, Inc. | Polypropylene sheets and articles |
USD911168S1 (en) | 2019-03-05 | 2021-02-23 | Berry Global, Inc. | Drink cup lid |
DE102019205172A1 (de) * | 2019-04-11 | 2020-10-15 | Syntegon Technology Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Verpackungskörpers einer Verpackung |
RU2732299C1 (ru) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-09-15 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "НОВЛАЙН" | Способ изготовления изделия из термопластичных полимерных материалов и устройство для его осуществления |
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US4105386A (en) * | 1973-10-19 | 1978-08-08 | Bellaplast Gmbh | Apparatus for the manufacture of thin-walled shaped articles of thermoplastic material |
DE2634976A1 (de) * | 1976-08-04 | 1978-02-09 | Illig Maschinenbau Adolf | Vorrichtung zur herstellung duennwandiger formlinge aus thermoplastischem kunststoff |
JPS5385855A (en) * | 1976-12-31 | 1978-07-28 | Asano Kenkyusho Kk | Sheet molding apparatus equipped extruder |
US4235579A (en) * | 1978-05-11 | 1980-11-25 | Leesona Corporation | Synthetic plastics article manufacturing system |
DE2938905A1 (de) * | 1979-09-26 | 1981-04-16 | Bellaplast Gmbh, 6200 Wiesbaden | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen von formlingen aus thermoplastischem kunststoff, der sich mittels physikalischer einfluesse, insbesondere temperatureinfluesse, wahlweise in seinem teilkristallinen zustand einstellen laesst |
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AU576790B2 (en) * | 1983-11-11 | 1988-09-08 | A.A.R.C. (Management) Pty.Ltd. | Molten thermoplastics web feeding |
GB2150877B (en) * | 1983-11-11 | 1988-01-20 | Aarc Pty Ltd | Moulding & feeding a thermoplastic web to continuously moving web thermo forming means |
DE8536141U1 (de) * | 1985-12-21 | 1986-04-17 | Ramisch Kleinewefers Gmbh, 4150 Krefeld | Vorrichtung zur Strangeinspeisung bei 2- oder 3-Walzen-Kalandern |
-
1988
- 1988-03-17 CA CA000561760A patent/CA1304904C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-03-17 JP JP63502864A patent/JP2553684B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-03-17 US US07/283,279 patent/US4994229A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-03-17 ES ES198888302333T patent/ES2046295T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-03-17 NZ NZ223932A patent/NZ223932A/xx unknown
- 1988-03-17 PT PT87003A patent/PT87003B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-03-17 EP EP88302333A patent/EP0283284B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-03-17 AU AU13236/88A patent/AU598918B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1988-03-17 DE DE88302333T patent/DE3885126T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-03-17 WO PCT/AU1988/000072 patent/WO1988006965A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1988-03-17 AT AT88302333T patent/ATE96372T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-03-17 BR BR888806042A patent/BR8806042A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-03-17 ZA ZA881905A patent/ZA881905B/xx unknown
- 1988-03-17 HU HU882833A patent/HU210318B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-03-17 EP EP19880902769 patent/EP0307439A4/en active Pending
- 1988-05-18 MY MYPI88000283A patent/MY102816A/en unknown
- 1988-07-13 KR KR1019880701482A patent/KR960007292B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-09-09 IN IN637/MAS/88A patent/IN171517B/en unknown
- 1988-11-15 DK DK198806363A patent/DK173014B1/da not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-11-16 SU SU4613047A patent/SU1655297A3/ru active
- 1988-11-16 NO NO88885104A patent/NO885104L/no unknown
- 1988-11-16 FI FI885314A patent/FI95218C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
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