KR840000460A - 큐멘 산화생성물의 분해공정 - Google Patents
큐멘 산화생성물의 분해공정 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR840000460A KR840000460A KR1019820002607A KR820002607A KR840000460A KR 840000460 A KR840000460 A KR 840000460A KR 1019820002607 A KR1019820002607 A KR 1019820002607A KR 820002607 A KR820002607 A KR 820002607A KR 840000460 A KR840000460 A KR 840000460A
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- reaction mixture
- mixture
- dicumyl peroxide
- cumene
- temperature
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- LCKPEFUXKRSTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-propan-2-yl-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]hepta-2,4-diene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2(C(C)C)C1O2 LCKPEFUXKRSTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 title 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 10
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims 7
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 6
- FRIBMENBGGCKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enal Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=CC=O)=C1OC FRIBMENBGGCKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 5
- RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cumene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- BDCFWIDZNLCTMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylpropan-2-ol Chemical compound CC(C)(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 BDCFWIDZNLCTMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims 1
- HATQIMZBJVOURQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cumene;phenol;propan-2-one Chemical compound CC(C)=O.OC1=CC=CC=C1.CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 HATQIMZBJVOURQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010517 secondary reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C27/00—Processes involving the simultaneous production of more than one class of oxygen-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C409/00—Peroxy compounds
- C07C409/16—Peroxy compounds the —O—O— group being bound between two carbon atoms not further substituted by oxygen atoms, i.e. peroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C1/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
- C07C1/20—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as heteroatoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C37/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C37/08—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by decomposition of hydroperoxides, e.g. cumene hydroperoxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C39/00—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C39/02—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring monocyclic with no unsaturation outside the aromatic ring
- C07C39/04—Phenol
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C407/00—Preparation of peroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/51—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by pyrolysis, rearrangement or decomposition
- C07C45/517—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by pyrolysis, rearrangement or decomposition involving transformation of peroxy-compounds to >C = O groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/51—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by pyrolysis, rearrangement or decomposition
- C07C45/53—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by pyrolysis, rearrangement or decomposition of hydroperoxides
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
내용 없음
Description
본 내용은 요부공개 건이므로 전문내용을 수록하지 않았음
제1도는 본 발명의 공정도. 제2도는 여러온도에서의 반응시간에 따른 비반응 DCP의 퍼셀트와 생성 AMS의 수율을 표시한 그래프.
Claims (8)
- 다음 단계들을 포함하여, 큐멘 하이드로퍼옥사이드(CHP) 및 디메틸페닐 카비놀(DMPC)을 포함하는 큐멘산화 생성물을 분해하여 페놀, 아세톤 및 알파-메틸스티렌(AMS)을 제조하는 공정 :a) 반응혼합물의 약 0.4-4.5wt 정도되는 물 존재하의 역혼합 반응조에서 큐멘산화생성물을 산촉매와 함께 혼합한 후, 역혼합 반응 혼합물의 CHP 농도를 약 0.5-5.0wt%로 감소시키고 큐멘산화물 혼합물 중의 DMPC의 최소한 40% 이상을 디큐밀 퍼옥사이드(DCP)로 전환하기에 충분한 시간동안 온도를 약 50-90℃로 유지시킴.b) 반응혼합물을, 플러그 흐름 조건하에서, 약 0.4wt% 이하의 CHP 농도를 갖는 2차혼합물을 형성하기에 충분한 시간동안 약 50-90℃에서 반응시킴.c) 상기 2차혼합물을, 플러그 흐름 조건하에서, 최소한 90% 이상의 DCP를 AMS, 페놀 및 아세톤으로 전환시키기에 충분한 시간동안 약 120-150℃에서 반응시킴.
- 역혼합 반응혼합물이 약 0.8-1.5%의 수분 및 130-100ppm의 이산화황 또는 황산을 포함하며 60-80℃로 유지 되는, 주장 1의 공정.
- 단계(b)의 반응시간이 CHP 능도를 0.2% 이하로 낮추기에 충분한 정도인, 주장 1의 공정.
- 단계(b)로부터의 생성물을 단계(c)의 온도에서 30추이하동안 플러그 흐름조건하에 가열시킨뒤 이어 최소한 30초동안 그 온도를 유지시킴을 특징으로하는, 주장 1의 공정.
- 단계(c)동안 DCP 농도를 측정하여 이차반응혼합물중에 약 0.5-5%의 DCP가 미전환 잔류할때 반응 혼합물을 100℃이하로 냉각시키는 단계를 부가적으로 포함하는, 주장 1의 공정.
- 다음 단계를 포함하여, 페놀-아세톤-큐멘용액에서 알피-메틸스티렌을 제조하는 방법.a) 페놀, 아세톤, 큐멘 및 디큐밀 퍼옥사이드를 포함하는 일차혼합물을 플러그 흐름 조건하에서 120-150℃로 가열함. b) 디큐밀 퍼옥사이드의 능도를 측정함. c) 디큐밀 퍼옥사이드의 농도가 일차혼합물의 디큐밀 퍼옥사이드 농도의 약 0.5-5.0%가 되었을 때 반응혼합물이 100℃ 이하로 냉각하여 알피-메틸스티렌으로부터의 부산물생성을 감소시킴.
- 상기 단계(b)가 반응혼합물의 분취량(aliquot)을 기체크로마토그래피로 분석하여 디큐밀 퍼옥사이드 피크의 면적을 측정하는 것을 포함 하는, 주장 6의 방법.
- 상기 일차혼합물을 상기온도에서 30초이하동안 가열한후부가적으로 최소한 30초동안 그 온도를 유지시킴을 특징으로 하는, 주장 6 또는 7의 방법.※ 참고사항 : 최초출원 내용에 의하여 공개하는 것임.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US276,223 | 1981-06-22 | ||
US06/276,233 US4358618A (en) | 1981-06-22 | 1981-06-22 | Decomposition of cumene oxidation product |
US276223 | 1994-07-15 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
KR840000460A true KR840000460A (ko) | 1984-02-22 |
KR850001469B1 KR850001469B1 (ko) | 1985-10-10 |
Family
ID=23055771
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
KR8202607A KR850001469B1 (ko) | 1981-06-22 | 1982-06-11 | 큐멘 산화생성물의 분해공정 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4358618A (ko) |
JP (1) | JPS5832831A (ko) |
KR (1) | KR850001469B1 (ko) |
CA (1) | CA1178616A (ko) |
DE (1) | DE3222533A1 (ko) |
GB (1) | GB2100730B (ko) |
IT (1) | IT1156366B (ko) |
MX (1) | MX165355B (ko) |
Families Citing this family (55)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4567304A (en) * | 1983-04-05 | 1986-01-28 | General Electric Company | Process for preparing acetone and phenol |
US7166752B2 (en) * | 1989-01-17 | 2007-01-23 | Sunoco, Inc. (R&M) | Decomposition of cumene oxidation product |
JPH04119106U (ja) * | 1991-04-10 | 1992-10-26 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 方向性結合器 |
US5245090A (en) * | 1992-09-11 | 1993-09-14 | Aristech Chemical Corporation | Two-stage cleavage of cumene hydroperoxide |
US5254751A (en) | 1992-09-14 | 1993-10-19 | General Electric Company | Method for the decomposition of cumene hydroperoxide by acidic catalyst to phenol and acetone |
CA2127375A1 (en) * | 1992-11-05 | 1994-05-11 | Shintaro Araki | Process for producing aromatic hydroxylic compound |
US5371305A (en) * | 1992-12-31 | 1994-12-06 | Hercules Incorporated | Process for producing phenol from cumene |
JP3711504B2 (ja) * | 1994-03-01 | 2005-11-02 | ゼネラル・エレクトリック・カンパニイ | 工業用クメンヒドロペルオキシドのフェノール、アセトン及びα−メチルスチレンへの酸分解方法 |
CN1061969C (zh) * | 1994-03-01 | 2001-02-14 | 通用电气公司 | 工业级枯烯过氧化氢酸性裂解生产苯酚、丙酮和α-甲基苯乙烯的方法 |
US5457244A (en) * | 1994-10-04 | 1995-10-10 | General Electric Company | Phenol tar waste reduction process |
TW318174B (ko) * | 1994-11-04 | 1997-10-21 | Gen Electric | |
CA2161995A1 (en) * | 1994-11-23 | 1996-05-24 | Arkady S. Dyckman | Method of phenol tar desalting |
US5510543A (en) * | 1994-12-09 | 1996-04-23 | General Electric Company | Removal and neutralization of acid catalyst from products of cumene hydroperoxide cleavage |
US5463136A (en) * | 1994-12-22 | 1995-10-31 | Shell Oil Company | Cumene hydroperoxide cleavage process |
JP3769050B2 (ja) * | 1995-07-07 | 2006-04-19 | 三井化学株式会社 | フェノールの製造方法 |
DE69525248T2 (de) | 1995-08-23 | 2002-09-26 | Toshiba Tungaloy Co. Ltd., Kawasaki | Flächen-kristallines Wolframkarbid enthaltendes Hartmetall, Zusammensetzung zur Herstellung von flächen-kristallines Wolframkarbid und Verfahren zur Herstellung des Hartmetalls |
US5672774A (en) * | 1995-10-24 | 1997-09-30 | General Electric Company | Phenol tar processing method |
US5962751A (en) * | 1996-04-26 | 1999-10-05 | General Electric Company | Phenol tar desalting method |
RU2125038C1 (ru) * | 1996-09-24 | 1999-01-20 | Закошанский Владимир Михайлович | Безотходный экономичный способ получения фенола и ацетона |
RU2141938C1 (ru) | 1996-12-15 | 1999-11-27 | ООО "Илла Интернешнл", Лтд. | Энергосберегающий и высокоселективный способ получения фенола и ацетона (процесс иф-96) |
AU6135999A (en) * | 1998-09-04 | 2000-03-27 | Illa International L.L.C. | High selective method of phenol and acetone production |
AU2001241836A1 (en) * | 2000-03-03 | 2001-09-17 | Illa International L.L.C. | Method of producing cumene hydroperoxide, phenol and acetone |
DE10021482A1 (de) * | 2000-05-03 | 2001-11-08 | Phenolchemie Gmbh & Co Kg | Verfahren zur thermischen Nachbehandlung von Spaltprodukt aus der säurekatalysierten Spaltung von Cumolhydroperoxid |
DE10051581A1 (de) * | 2000-10-18 | 2002-06-20 | Phenolchemie Gmbh & Co Kg | Verfahren zur Spaltung von Alkylarylhydroperoxiden |
DE10110392A1 (de) * | 2001-03-03 | 2002-09-12 | Phenolchemie Gmbh & Co Kg | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Phenolen |
DE10111889A1 (de) * | 2001-03-13 | 2002-10-02 | Phenolchemie Gmbh & Co Kg | Verfahren zur säurekatalysierten Spaltung von Cumolhydroperoxid |
US6825387B2 (en) * | 2002-10-15 | 2004-11-30 | Kellogg Brown & Root, Inc. | Low sodium cleavage product |
US6984761B2 (en) * | 2002-12-16 | 2006-01-10 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Co-production of phenol, acetone, α-methylstyrene and propylene oxide, and catalyst therefor |
US7312365B2 (en) * | 2003-02-14 | 2007-12-25 | Shell Oil Company | Process for low temperature cleavage of an oxidation mixture comprising hydroperoxides |
US7141703B2 (en) * | 2003-02-14 | 2006-11-28 | Shell Oil Company | Process for producing phenol and ketone using neutralizing base |
US7282613B2 (en) * | 2003-02-14 | 2007-10-16 | Shell Oil Company | Process for producing phenol and methyl ethyl ketone |
EP1641732B1 (en) * | 2003-07-04 | 2008-02-13 | INEOS Phenol GmbH & Co. KG | Process for the preparation of phenolic compounds, for separating phenol from cleavage product mixtures, and an apparatus |
US7626060B2 (en) * | 2003-07-11 | 2009-12-01 | INEOS Phenol GmbH & Co., KG | Process for the preparation of phenolic compounds, for separating phenol from cleavage product mixtures, and an apparatus |
EP1732869A1 (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2006-12-20 | General Electric Company A Corporation of the State of New York | Process for producing phenol |
US7141701B1 (en) * | 2005-08-19 | 2006-11-28 | Uop Llc | Decomposition of cumene hydroperoxide |
US7141700B1 (en) * | 2005-08-19 | 2006-11-28 | Uop Llc | Decomposition of cumene hydroperoxide |
WO2007137020A2 (en) * | 2006-05-16 | 2007-11-29 | Shell Oil Company | Method for decomposing di(phenylalkyl)peroxides to produce hydroxybenzenes and phenylalkenes using solid catalysts |
WO2007137021A2 (en) * | 2006-05-16 | 2007-11-29 | Shell Oil Company | Catalysts comprising a combination of oxidized metals and a method for cleaving phenylalkyl hydroperoxides using the catalysts |
US7417003B2 (en) * | 2006-12-29 | 2008-08-26 | Uop Llc | Solid acid catalyst and process for decomposition of cumene hydroperoxide |
US7888537B2 (en) | 2006-12-29 | 2011-02-15 | Uop Llc | Solid acid catalyst and process for decomposition of cumene hydroperoxide |
JP5486010B2 (ja) | 2008-10-10 | 2014-05-07 | エクソンモービル・ケミカル・パテンツ・インク | フェノールの製造方法 |
WO2010098916A2 (en) | 2009-02-26 | 2010-09-02 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Process for producing phenol |
US9321710B2 (en) | 2010-01-25 | 2016-04-26 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Process for producing phenol |
US20110306800A1 (en) * | 2010-06-09 | 2011-12-15 | Scott Roy Keenan | Method for the decomposition of cumene hydroperoxide |
WO2012036824A1 (en) | 2010-09-14 | 2012-03-22 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Oxidation of alkylbenzenes and cycloalkylbenzenes |
CN105646156B (zh) | 2010-09-14 | 2018-07-13 | 埃克森美孚化学专利公司 | 用于制备苯酚的方法 |
EP2616421A2 (en) | 2010-09-14 | 2013-07-24 | ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Processes for producing phenol |
EP2616422A1 (en) | 2010-09-14 | 2013-07-24 | ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Processes for producing phenol |
US9388102B2 (en) | 2011-04-19 | 2016-07-12 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Process for producing phenol |
SG194008A1 (en) | 2011-04-19 | 2013-11-29 | Exxonmobil Chem Patents Inc | Process for producing phenol |
US9249078B2 (en) | 2011-10-07 | 2016-02-02 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Mixed metal oxide catalysts and use thereof |
US9278897B2 (en) | 2012-09-17 | 2016-03-08 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Process for producing phenol and/or cyclohexanone from cyclohexylbenzene |
SG11201503421WA (en) | 2012-12-06 | 2015-05-28 | Exxonmobil Chem Patents Inc | Process for producing phenol |
WO2014088842A1 (en) | 2012-12-06 | 2014-06-12 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Process for producing phenol |
US9193652B2 (en) | 2014-03-04 | 2015-11-24 | Kellogg Brown & Root Llc | Phenol resin treatment improvement |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US2668180A (en) * | 1950-07-01 | 1954-02-02 | Hercules Powder Co Ltd | Preparation of aryldialkyl peroxides |
US2757209A (en) * | 1951-04-26 | 1956-07-31 | Allied Chem & Dye Corp | Recovery of phenol and alphamethylstyrene from cumene oxidation reaction mixtures |
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EP0018159B1 (en) * | 1979-04-20 | 1983-05-11 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Process for the production of phenol, acetone and alpha methylstyrene |
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-
1981
- 1981-06-22 US US06/276,233 patent/US4358618A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1982
- 1982-06-11 GB GB08217072A patent/GB2100730B/en not_active Expired
- 1982-06-11 KR KR8202607A patent/KR850001469B1/ko active
- 1982-06-16 DE DE19823222533 patent/DE3222533A1/de active Granted
- 1982-06-21 CA CA000405592A patent/CA1178616A/en not_active Expired
- 1982-06-21 IT IT67783/82A patent/IT1156366B/it active
- 1982-06-22 MX MX193265A patent/MX165355B/es unknown
- 1982-06-22 JP JP57107509A patent/JPS5832831A/ja active Granted
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB2100730A (en) | 1983-01-06 |
IT8267783A0 (it) | 1982-06-21 |
GB2100730B (en) | 1985-08-14 |
JPH0251408B2 (ko) | 1990-11-07 |
JPS5832831A (ja) | 1983-02-25 |
MX165355B (es) | 1992-11-05 |
CA1178616A (en) | 1984-11-27 |
US4358618A (en) | 1982-11-09 |
KR850001469B1 (ko) | 1985-10-10 |
IT1156366B (it) | 1987-02-04 |
DE3222533C2 (ko) | 1990-11-29 |
DE3222533A1 (de) | 1983-01-13 |
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