KR20190057769A - Heat Pump For a Vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a heat pump system for automobiles and, more specifically, to a heat pump system which employs a gas injection technique to strengthen the heating capacity when the outdoor air temperature is low. The heat pump for automobiles comprises: a refrigerant line; a compressor compressing a refrigerant and discharging the same; an internal heat exchanger exchanging heat between the refrigerant discharged from the compressor and the indoor air; an external heat exchanger exchanging heat between the refrigerant having passed through the internal heat exchanger and the outdoor air; and first and second expansion means; an evaporator positioned downstream of the second expansion means and capable of evaporating the refrigerant; a direction switching valve disposed on the refrigerant line between the external heat exchanger and the evaporator; and an accumulator allowing a gas-phase refrigerant among a liquid-phase refrigerant and the gas-phase refrigerant to flow into the compressor. The refrigerant line includes: a battery waste heat recovery line arranged to exchange heat with a battery; a battery chiller provided on the battery waste heat recovery line; and a third expansion means disposed upstream of the battery chiller and having the refrigerant branched off from the refrigerant line expand.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a heat pump for a vehicle,

The present invention relates to a heat pump for an automobile, and more particularly, to a heat pump for an automobile, which can improve the operation performance of a battery by maintaining the temperature of the battery at a constant level as required, and can secure a sufficient heat source by using waste heat of the battery when the outside air temperature is low ≪ / RTI > technology.

Under the development of eco-friendly industrial development and energy sources that replace fossil raw materials, electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles are the most noteworthy areas in the automobile industry. These electric cars and hybrid cars are equipped with batteries to provide driving power. They use the batteries not only for driving but also for heating and cooling.

The fact that the battery is used as a heat source in the case of a vehicle that provides a driving force by using a battery means that the traveling distance is reduced accordingly. A method for applying the present invention to a display device is proposed.

For reference, a heat pump refers to absorbing low temperature heat and moving absorbed heat to high temperature. In one example, the heat pump has a cycle in which the liquid refrigerant evaporates in the evaporator, takes heat away from the evaporator, becomes a gas, and is again liquefied while releasing heat to the surroundings by the condenser. When this is applied to an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle, there is an advantage that a heat source insufficient for a conventional air conditioner can be secured.

However, when the heat pump system is used, a phenomenon occurs in which the heating capacity remarkably drops when the outdoor air temperature is too low during the heating operation of the vehicle.

Various studies have been conducted by automobile manufacturers in various countries. For example, PTC heaters have been used to supplement the heating performance, or to supplement the heating performance by using the waste heat of the electrical components.

However, the conventional method has not been effective in solving the heating performance deterioration problem in the heat pump defrosting operation. In order to supplement the heating performance, a method of unilaterally draining the battery has been mainly used, .

Korean Registered Patent No. 10-0568248 Registered Utility Model No. 20-0309412

There is a phenomenon in which the heating performance remarkably drops when the heating operation is started when the outside air temperature is very low. In this case, the problem of the heating performance deterioration is supplemented by using the waste heat of the battery, The present invention provides a heat pump system and a method of operating the same that can maintain a constant temperature of the battery and improve the operation performance of the battery compared to the conventional one.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a refrigerant system comprising: a refrigerant line; A compressor for compressing and discharging refrigerant; An internal heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the refrigerant discharged from the compressor and the indoor air; An external heat exchanger for exchanging heat with the refrigerant passing through the internal heat exchanger; A first expansion means disposed on a refrigerant line between the internal heat exchanger and the external heat exchanger, the first expansion means being capable of expanding the refrigerant; A second expansion means provided to expand the refrigerant passing through the external heat exchanger; An evaporator positioned downstream of the second expansion means and capable of evaporating the refrigerant; A direction switching valve disposed on a refrigerant line between the external heat exchanger and the evaporator; And an accumulator for introducing the gaseous refrigerant in the liquid phase and the gaseous phase refrigerant on the refrigerant line into the compressor, wherein the refrigerant line includes a cooling line that is operated during the cooling operation by the direction switching valve, A battery waste heat recovery line branched from the refrigerant line and provided for heat exchange with the battery, separately from the cooling line and the heating line; A battery chiller provided on the battery waste heat recovery line; And a third expansion means disposed at a front end of the battery chiller and expanding the refrigerant branched from the refrigerant line.

The heat pump may be used in an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle.

The battery waste heat recovery line is connected between the rear end of the external heat exchanger and the accumulator, and bypasses the evaporator.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus further includes a battery waste heat flow line formed in parallel with the refrigerant line and the battery waste heat recovery line and performing heat exchange with the battery waste heat recovery line using the battery chiller, A battery, and a battery PTC heater.

In addition, a first opening / closing means for selectively controlling the flow of the refrigerant is provided in front of the direction switching valve according to the air conditioning mode of the vehicle.

And an intermediate heat exchanger between the directional control valve and the evaporator.

The first expansion means and the third expansion means are electronic expansion means and are characterized by being capable of selectively controlling the opening amount according to the air conditioning mode of the vehicle.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the battery is checked in real time, and when the battery is measured at a predetermined temperature or higher, the third expansion means is fully opened to control the refrigerant to be supplied to the battery chiller do.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the system may further include a total waste heat recovery chiller provided to collect the electric waste heat on the heating line.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a dehumidifying line for directly supplying the refrigerant from the rear end of the internal heat exchanger to the front end of the second expansion means, and a second opening and closing means for opening and closing the dehumidifying line may be included.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, a compressor, an internal heat exchanger, a first expansion means, an external heat exchanger, a direction switching valve, a second expansion means, an evaporator and an accumulator are disposed on a refrigerant line, A dehumidifying line provided with a first opening and closing means for selectively controlling the refrigerant flow for each air conditioning mode of the vehicle and for supplying the refrigerant directly from the rear end of the internal heat exchanger to the front end of the second expansion means, Wherein a battery waste heat recovery line, a third expansion means, and a battery chiller, which are branched from the refrigerant line and are arranged to exchange heat with the battery, are disposed in the refrigerant line, And controlling the opening amount of the third expansion means to control the temperature of the battery. All.

According to one embodiment, the cooling operation, the heating operation, the heating-dehumidifying operation, and the defrost operation are performed by the behavior of the first expansion means, the direction switching valve, the third expansion means, the first opening and closing means,

Specifically, the cooling operation method according to an embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the refrigerant is passed through the compressor, the internal heat exchanger, the first expansion means, the external heat exchanger, the second expansion means, the evaporator and the accumulator in this order, And a part of the refrigerant passing through the external heat exchanger is branched to the battery chiller side to keep the temperature of the battery constant.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of operating a heating system including passing a refrigerant through a compressor, an internal heat exchanger, a first expansion device, an external heat exchanger, and an accumulator in sequence, partially opening the first expansion device, The third expansion means is opened only when necessary to maintain the temperature of the battery constant.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of operating a heating / dehumidifying device, comprising: passing a refrigerant through a compressor, an internal heat exchanger, a first expansion device, an external heat exchanger and an accumulator in this order, The first expansion means is partially opened and the third expansion means is opened only when necessary according to the measured temperature of the battery to keep the temperature of the battery constant .

In the defrosting operation method according to an embodiment of the present invention, the refrigerant is passed through the compressor, the internal heat exchanger, the first expansion means, the external heat exchanger, the battery chiller, and the accumulator in order, , The first opening / closing means is closed, and the third expansion means is opened to recover the waste heat of the battery.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a problem of lowering the heating performance when the outside temperature is low can be solved by using the waste heat of the battery.

Further, when the use of the waste heat of the battery is not required, it is possible to improve the operation performance of a battery used in an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle by applying a technique of keeping the temperature of the battery constant to the heat pump system of the present invention It also has the advantage of being.

1 is a view showing a circulation path of a refrigerant in a cooling operation mode in the construction of a heat pump according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a view showing a circulation path of a refrigerant in a heating operation mode in the construction of a heat pump according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a view showing a circulation path of the refrigerant in the heating-dehumidifying operation mode in the construction of the heat pump according to the embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a view showing a circulation path of the refrigerant in the defrosting operation mode in the construction of the heat pump according to the embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an automotive heat pump according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments are provided so that those skilled in the art can easily understand the technical spirit of the present invention, and thus the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the matters described in the attached drawings may be different from those actually implemented by the schematic drawings to easily describe the embodiments of the present invention.

The expression "including" any element is merely referred to as being an "open" expression and should not be understood as excluding the additional elements.

Further, when a component is referred to as being connected or connected to another component, it may be directly connected or connected to the other component, but it should be understood that there may be other components in between.

Also, the expressions such as 'first, second', etc. are used only to distinguish a plurality of configurations, and do not limit the order or other features between configurations. In particular, expressions such as 'twelfth expansion means, second expansion means' or 'line1, line1-1, line1-2, line2, line3, line4' are for clearly distinguishing each configuration from each other, And the like.

Referring to Fig. 1, the automotive heat pump of the present invention will be described.

Fig. 1 shows the construction of a heat pump according to an embodiment of the present invention. And a circulation path of the refrigerant in the cooling mode.

First, the structure of a heat pump for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is as follows.

The heat pump for an automobile according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a compressor COMP, an internal heat exchanger 110, an external heat exchanger 120, a first expansion means 210, a second expansion means 230 ), An evaporator 140, and an accumulator (ACC).

More specifically, on the refrigerant line (line 1), a compressor (COMP) for compressing and discharging refrigerant; An internal heat exchanger (110) for exchanging the refrigerant discharged from the compressor with indoor air; An external heat exchanger (120) for exchanging heat between the refrigerant passing through the internal heat exchanger and the outside air; A first expansion means (210) disposed on a refrigerant line between the internal heat exchanger and the external heat exchanger, the first expansion means (210) being arranged to expand the refrigerant; A second expansion means (220) arranged to expand a refrigerant passing through the external heat exchanger; An evaporator 140 positioned at a downstream end of the second expansion means and adapted to evaporate the refrigerant; A direction switching valve (230) disposed on a refrigerant line between the external heat exchanger and the evaporator; And an accumulator (ACC) for allowing the gaseous refrigerant in the liquid phase and the gaseous phase on the refrigerant line to flow into the compressor.

Particularly, in the heat pump system according to the embodiment of the present invention, the refrigerant line line1 is connected to a cooling line (line 1-2) which is operated in the cooling operation by the direction switching valve 230, A battery waste heat recovery line divided into lines (line1-1) and separated from the refrigerant line (line1) separately from the cooling lines (line1-2 and line1-1) line 1-3); A battery chiller 150 provided on the battery waste heat recovery line (line 1-3); And a third expansion means (240) disposed at a front end of the battery chiller (150) for expanding the refrigerant branched from the refrigerant line (line1).

The heat pump system for an automobile according to the present invention having the above structure can be applied to an electric vehicle driven by a battery without an internal combustion engine using fossil fuel, or a hybrid vehicle in which an internal combustion engine and a battery are simultaneously installed.

The main technical idea of the present invention is the battery waste heat recovery line (line 1-3) and the battery chiller 150 part. The battery waste heat recovery lines (line 1-3) are connected between the rear end of the external heat exchanger 120 and the accumulator ACC and are formed to bypass the evaporator 140. The battery chiller 150 is a battery waste heat Is provided for heat exchange between the refrigerant flowing on the refrigerant line (line) and the fluid flowing on the battery waste heat flow line (line2) disposed on the recovery lines (line 1-3).

The battery waste heat circulation line line2 is formed in parallel with the refrigerant line line1 and the battery waste heat recovery lines line 1-3 so that the battery waste heat recovery lines line 1-3 ). A battery 300 and a battery PTC heater 310 may be disposed on the battery waste heat flow line line 2 and further include a battery radiator 330, an electric pump 340, a battery directional control valve 350 are further arranged so that the waste heat generated in the battery can be appropriately maintained or provided to the refrigerant line line 1 by the organic interlocking of the arranged structure.

The battery chiller 150 of the present invention can be divided into a waste heat side part and a refrigerant side part. The battery chiller 150 receives two different fluids and transfers the heat energy that each fluid has, which, according to the third law of thermodynamics, will transfer heat from a fluid having a higher temperature to a fluid having a cold temperature. The fluids encountered in the battery chiller 150 may be configured not to mix with each other.

The heat pump of the present invention includes a direction switching valve 220 for switching the flow direction of the refrigerant discharged from the external heat exchanger 120. The directional control valve 220 controls the refrigerant passing through the external heat exchanger 120 to be supplied to the evaporator 140 side (in this case, the refrigerant is supplied to the evaporator through the second expansion means) in accordance with the air conditioning mode of the vehicle Or directly to the accumulator (ACC) without passing through the evaporator (140). For this purpose, the direction-switching valve 220 may be a 3-way valve (three-way valve). When the directional control valve 220 is a 3-way valve, the operation of supplying the refrigerant to the evaporator 140 side and the operation of supplying the refrigerant to the accumulator ACC may be selectively performed.

In the cooling operation mode, the directional control valve 220 allows the refrigerant having passed through the external heat exchanger 120 to be supplied to the evaporator 140 through the second expansion means 230. In the heating operation mode, the heating- The refrigerant having passed through the external heat exchanger 120 can be directly introduced into the accumulator ACC without passing through the evaporator 140 side.

On the other hand, the first opening / closing means 250 for selectively controlling the flow of the refrigerant may be provided in front of the directional control valve 220 according to the air conditioning mode of the vehicle.

The first opening and closing means 250 is a kind of a shut off valve, which controls the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing to the second direction switching valve 220 or blocks the flow of the refrigerant.

Meanwhile, in the automotive heat pump according to the embodiment of the present invention, the first expansion means 210 and the third expansion means 240 are electronic expansion means, which can selectively adjust the opening amount according to the air conditioning mode of the vehicle . The first expansion means 210 and the third expansion means 240 may be fully open or suitably open according to the embodiment so that they can be opened or closed according to the air conditioning mode of the vehicle ) It is possible to change the state of the refrigerant or to control the flow rate of the refrigerant. Whereby the amount of opening on the line through which the refrigerant flows can be freely adjusted. Unlike the mechanical expansion means in which the amount of opening is determined according to the piping shape and the pressure of the refrigerant line can not be freely adjusted.

In addition, the automotive heat pump according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include an intermediate heat exchanger 130 between the direction switching valve 220 and the evaporator. The intermediate heat exchanger 130 is a structure called IHX and is provided for heat exchange between the refrigerant before passing through the second expansion means 230 and the evaporator 140 and the refrigerant after passing through it. The intermediate heat exchanger 130 may include an outer pipe through which the refrigerant flows into the second expansion means 230 and an inner pipe through which the refrigerant flows out from the second expansion means 230, Type heat exchanging means. Here, refrigerant having relatively high pressure and temperature flows through the outer pipe connected to the side of the second expansion means 230, and refrigerant having relatively low pressure and temperature flows through the inner pipe.

In the cooling mode, the intermediate heat exchanger 130 induces heat exchange between the condensed refrigerant passing through the external heat exchanger 120 and the evaporated refrigerant while passing through the evaporator, thereby raising the temperature of the refrigerant flowing into the accumulator, And can improve the performance of the system.

On the other hand, a pressure sensor P and a temperature sensor T are mounted on the refrigerant line connecting the compressor COMP and the first directional control valve 210 so that the refrigerant discharged from the compressor COMP in a compressed state Pressure can be detected.

In addition, a plurality of pressure sensors P and temperature sensors T may be arranged on the refrigerant line so that the state of the refrigerant flowing may be confirmed in real time.

In the present invention, a battery temperature sensor 320 may be additionally provided to check the temperature of the battery. The battery temperature sensor 320 is arranged on the battery 300 or the battery waste heat flow line line2 unlike the pressure sensor P and the temperature sensor T and directly or indirectly measures the temperature of the battery .

In the automotive heat pump of the present invention, the temperature of the battery 300 is checked in real time, and when the battery 300 is measured at a predetermined temperature or higher, the third expansion means 240 is fully opened, 150) so that the temperature of the battery can be kept constant.

On the other hand, the accumulator (ACC) of the present invention is also referred to as a receiver as a kind of gas-liquid separating means. The refrigerant is arranged before the refrigerant circulates through the entire path of the refrigerant line and flows into the compressor (COMP), and serves to divide the refrigerant into a gas phase and a liquid phase. In particular, it supplies the gaseous refrigerant to the compressor through the accumulator (ACC).

Also, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the system may further include an electric-field-waste-heat recovery chiller 160 provided to collect electric-field-waste heat on the heating line line 1-1.

The refrigerant, which is evaporated while passing through the external heat exchanger 120 in the heating mode or the heating-dehumidification mode, and the low-temperature and low-pressure gas phase and the liquid phase are mixed, is introduced into the accumulator ACC through the third heat exchanger 150. At this time, secondary evaporation can be induced through heat exchange with the electric waste heat recovery chiller 160 before flowing into the accumulator ACC through the direction switching valve 220.

In this case, the electric-field-waste-heat recovery chiller 160 is connected to at least one electric component 400 through the electric-field-waste-heat-flux line line3. The electrical component 400 may be any element that generates heat when driven, such as a motor or an inverter. For reference, the waste heat of the cabin room may also be recovered from the total waste heat recovery chiller 160 here.

 It is possible to increase the temperature of the refrigerant flowing into the compressor COMP by using the waste heat provided on the refrigerant line, thereby reducing the power required for driving the compressor, and also improving the heating performance when the outside temperature is low .

It should be noted that the electric vehicle waste heat recovery chiller 160 and the electric vehicle waste heat recovery mechanism using the same are independently configured using battery waste heat.

The heat pump according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a dehumidifying line (line 1-4) for directly supplying the refrigerant from the rear end of the internal heat exchanger 110 to the front end of the second expansion means 220, And a second opening / closing means 260 for opening / closing the second opening / closing means.

The refrigerant passing through the compressor COMP and the internal heat exchanger 110 is bypassed to the front end of the second expansion means 220 without passing through the external heat exchanger 120. That is, ).

On the dehumidifying line (line 1-6), a second opening and closing means 260 for opening and closing the dehumidifying line is formed. In the heating-dehumidifying operation mode, the refrigerant of relatively high temperature, which has passed through the internal heat exchanger 120 and condensed, The deaerating performance of the dehumidifying line can be improved compared with the case of not forming the dehumidifying line.

The second expansion means 260 used here is a kind of a shut off valve similar to the first expansion means 250 to control the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing to the second direction switching valve 220 or to block the flow of the refrigerant can do.

On / off of the various air conditioning modes (cooling operation mode, heating operation mode, injection-heating operation mode, defrost operation mode and dehumidification-heating operation mode) of the present invention is automatically controlled and operated by the user's selection or the controller of the vehicle . The behavior of the valve for the adjustment of the temperature in the vehicle according to the air conditioning mode and the switching between the air conditioning modes can be automatically adjusted and operated by the user's selection or the controller of the vehicle. Here, the controller may mean a conventional VCU (Vehicle Control Unit) provided in the vehicle.

The controller senses the pressure information of the refrigerant received through the pressure sensor P and the temperature of the refrigerant received through the temperature sensor T to drive the compressor in each of the following air conditioning modes, The direction of the directional control valve 220, and the opening of each of the on-off valves 250, 260, respectively. Meanwhile, as described above, the first expansion means 210 and the third expansion means 240 are constituted by electronic expansion means, so that the control input of the controller can be very quickly reflected in the heat pump system of the present invention.

Further, the controller can also control the air volume of the opening and closing door and the blowing fan.

The controller also determines whether the heat recovery through the battery chiller 150, the total waste heat recovery chiller 160, the provision of the heat quantity, the heat supply time, etc., is performed according to the heating load or the vehicle air conditioning mode required for the vehicle.

Hereinafter, an operation method of a heat pump for an automobile according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

According to the present invention, a compressor (COMP), an internal heat exchanger (110), a first expansion means (210), an external heat exchanger (120), a direction switching valve (220), a second expansion means A first opening and closing means 250 for selectively controlling the flow of the refrigerant in each air conditioning mode of the vehicle is provided at a front end of the directional control valve 220 and an evaporator 140 and an accumulator ACC, A dehumidifying line (line 1-4) for directly supplying the refrigerant to the front end of the second expansion means 220 at the rear end of the dehumidification line 110 and a second opening and closing means 260 for opening and closing the dehumidification line (line 1-4) , A battery waste heat recovery line (line 1-3), a third expansion means (240), and a battery chiller (150) branched from the refrigerant line (line1) and arranged to exchange heat with the battery (300) In the operation method of the pump, the amount of opening of the third expansion means (240) is adjusted according to the temperature of the measured battery (300) It characterized in that it also controls.

The heat pump for an automobile according to the present invention can be applied to the behavior of the first expansion means 210, the direction switching valve 220, the third expansion means 240, the first opening and closing means 250 and the second opening and closing means 260 Cooling operation, heating operation, heating-dehumidification operation, and defrost operation are performed.

Next, referring again to FIG. 1, the cooling operation mode of the present invention will be described in detail.

The cooling method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a compressor (COMP), an internal heat exchanger (110), a first expansion device (210), an external heat exchanger (120), a second expansion device (230) (140), and an accumulator (ACC), while fully opening the first expansion means (210).

Here, the path of the directional control valve 210 to the accumulator ACC side is closed and only the path connecting to the evaporator 140 side is opened.

The first expansion means 220 is fully opened to minimize the pressure drop and state change of the refrigerant. Accordingly, the high-temperature, high-pressure, and gaseous refrigerant discharged from the compressor (COMP) flows through the internal heat exchanger (110), blocked by the door (12), passes through the external heat exchanger (120) , Whereby the gaseous refrigerant is converted into the liquid refrigerant.

Subsequently, the refrigerant having passed through the external heat exchanger 130 is decompressed and expanded in the process of passing through the second expansion means 230 to become a low-temperature low-pressure liquid refrigerant, and then flows into the evaporator 140 side.

At this time, the first on-off valve 250 is in the open state and the second on-off valve 260 is in the off state.

The low-temperature, low-pressure liquid refrigerant introduced into the evaporator 140 cools the air supplied by the air blowing fan 11 inside the air conditioning case 10, thereby cooling the interior of the vehicle.

In this process, the door 12 closes the air flow on the side of the internal heat exchanger 110, flows into the air conditioning case 10, and is controlled so as to directly contact the evaporator 140 and discharge the cooled air into the passenger compartment.

Then, the refrigerant that has passed through the evaporator 140 and is mixed with the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous and liquid phases passes through the accumulator ACC and flows back to the compressor COMP. Here, in the accumulator (ACC), the liquid refrigerant and the gaseous refrigerant are separated from the refrigerant supplied to the compressor (COMP), and only the gaseous refrigerant can be supplied to the compressor (COMP). The separated liquid refrigerant can be stored or drained.

Meanwhile, in the cooling operation mode of the present invention, a part of the refrigerant passing through the external heat exchanger 120 is branched to the battery chiller 150 to keep the temperature of the battery constant. Some of the refrigerant flows toward the directional control valve 220 while the other portion flows toward the battery chiller 150, thereby maintaining the temperature of the battery constant.

Compared with the well-known heat pump system, the operation performance of the battery can be remarkably improved by adding a circulating path to the external heat exchanger -> battery chiller -> accumulator -> compressor.

Referring to Fig. 2, the heating operation mode will be described.

The heating operation method according to an embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the refrigerant is passed through the compressor COMP, the internal heat exchanger 110, the first expansion device 210, the external heat exchanger 120, and the accumulator ACC ,

And opening the first expansion means 210 suitably.

Here, the path of the directional control valve 210 to the evaporator 140 side is closed and only the path that is directly connected to the accumulator 140 side is opened.

The high-temperature, high-pressure, and gaseous refrigerant introduced into the internal heat exchanger 110 is condensed while exchanging heat with air introduced into the air conditioning case 10 through the blowing fan 11 to convert the gaseous refrigerant into a liquid-phase refrigerant. After passing through the internal heat exchanger 110, the air is changed into warm air, and then supplied to the inside of the vehicle to heat the inside of the vehicle. In this process, the door 12 opens the air flow on the side of the internal heat exchanger 110, flows into the air conditioning case 10, and then heats the internal heat exchanger 110 to discharge hot air into the vehicle room .

The refrigerant passing through the internal heat exchanger (110) is reduced in pressure (or adiabatically expanded) as it passes through the first expansion means (210) to become a low-pressure refrigerant. The refrigerant is supplied to the external heat exchanger (120).

 The liquid refrigerant in the external heat exchanger 120 evaporates. During the evaporation process, the refrigerant becomes a mixed state of vapor and liquid, and flows into the accumulator (ACC) side.

At this time, the first on-off valve 250 is in the On state and the second on-off valve 260 is in the Off state.

When the electrical waste heat recovery chiller 160 is provided between the accumulator ACC and the direction switching valve 220 according to the embodiment, the refrigerant can be evaporated secondarily by the electrical waste heat recovery chiller 160.

The refrigerant flowing into the electric field heat recovery chiller 160 side exchanges heat with the electric field heat transfer line (line 3). Here, the heat exchange can be selectively performed. When the temperature of the refrigerant is increased to improve the heating performance, the refrigerant exchanges heat in the form of receiving heat from the fluid line on the side of the waste heat recovering portion. For example, when the outdoor temperature is at a low temperature of less than a predetermined temperature (for example, -10 ° C), the heating performance due to the flow of ordinary refrigerant and the operation of actively receiving waste heat from the electric vehicle waste heat recovery chiller 160 Mode (high heating operation mode) so that the heating load required for the vehicle can be satisfied.

The refrigerant having a relatively low temperature, low pressure, and a mixed gas phase and liquid phase when initially flowing into the total heat recovery chiller 156 passes through the third heat exchanger 150 and is relatively hot, low in pressure, The refrigerant can be introduced into the accumulator (ACC) side. As a result, the efficiency of the compressor (COMP) is increased and the heating efficiency is increased.

Also, in the heating operation mode of the present invention, a part of the refrigerant passing through the external heat exchanger 120 is branched to the battery chiller 150 to keep the temperature of the battery constant. Some of the refrigerant flows toward the directional control valve 220 while the other portion flows toward the battery chiller 150, thereby maintaining the temperature of the battery constant.

However, unlike the above-described cooling operation mode, the temperature of the battery is not formed to be relatively high due to the ambient temperature during the winter season. Therefore, in order to keep the temperature of the battery constant, the temperature of the battery is checked in real time, and the third expansion means 240 is opened only when necessary, or the opening amount is appropriately adjusted.

In this heating operation mode, since the battery waste heat recovery line (line 1-3) can be selectively opened to maintain the temperature of the battery as in the cooling operation mode, the battery waste heat recovery line (line 1-3) It should be noted that it is indicated by a dashed line.

Next, the heating-dehumidifying operation mode will be described with reference to Fig.

The dehumidification-heating operation method of the present invention is characterized in that the refrigerant is passed through a compressor (COMP), an internal heat exchanger (110), a first expansion means (210), an external heat exchanger (120) and an accumulator A portion of the refrigerant passed through the exchanger 100 is branched and supplied to the evaporator 140 through the dehumidifying line line 1-4 so that the first expansion means 210 is suitably opened.

For reference, the heating operation except for the dehumidifying function is the same as that in the heating operation mode described above, so that a description thereof will be omitted.

In the heating-dehumidifying mode, the dehumidifying function is performed by branching the refrigerant passing through the compressor (COMP) and the internal heat exchanger (110) through the dehumidifying line (line 1-4).

The first on-off valve 250 and the second on-off valve 260 provided on the refrigerant line are both open-controlled.

It is possible to perform indoor dehumidification by exchanging heat with the air in the vehicle room through the refrigerant bypassed to the evaporator 140. It is also possible to perform dehumidification of the indoor air through the refrigerant flowing to the external heat exchanger 120 without being bypassed by the evaporator 140, As shown in Fig.

The method of maintaining the temperature of the battery in the heating-dehumidifying operation mode further includes branching the refrigerant flowing toward the external heat exchanger 9120 one more time and supplying it to the battery waste heat recovery line (line 1-3). In this case, . ≪ / RTI >

Finally, referring to FIG. 4, the defrost operation mode will be described.

The defrosting operation method shown in FIG. 4 is a method in which the refrigerant is introduced into the compressor COMP, the internal heat exchanger 110, the first expansion device 210, the external heat exchanger 120, the battery chiller 150, The first opening and closing means 250 may be closed, and further, the third opening and closing means 240 may be opened.

Here, since the directional control valve 220 is not driven, the refrigerant passing through the external heat exchanger 120 flows into the battery chiller 150 only.

Specifically, the high-temperature, high-pressure, and gaseous refrigerant introduced into the internal heat exchanger 110 is condensed while exchanging heat with the air introduced into the air conditioning case through the blowing fan 11 to convert the gaseous refrigerant into liquid-phase refrigerant. The air passing through the internal heat exchanger 110 is converted into a warm air and then supplied to the interior of the vehicle to heat the inside of the interior of the vehicle.

Subsequently, the first expansion means 210 located on the path through which the refrigerant flows is suitably opened, decompresses and expands, and evaporates while exchanging heat with the outside air in the external heat exchanger 120.

According to the present embodiment, the heating performance can be exerted by using the heat generated from the battery 300 when the external heat exchanger 120 is frosted by the cool outside air and the heat exchange from the external heat exchanger 120 is not smooth.

According to various embodiments of the present invention described above, it is possible to maintain the temperature of the battery constantly in other modes than the defrost operation mode. Therefore, in the defrost operation mode, Environment.

The heat pump system according to an embodiment of the present invention has the advantage that the problem of deterioration of the heating performance when the outside air temperature is low can be solved by using the waste heat of the battery.

Further, when the use of the waste heat of the battery is not required, it is possible to improve the operation performance of a battery used in an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle by applying a technique of keeping the temperature of the battery constant to the heat pump system of the present invention .

In the foregoing detailed description of the present invention, only specific embodiments thereof have been described. It is to be understood, however, that the invention is not to be limited to the specific forms thereof, which come within the scope of the appended claims, and all variations, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims Should be understood.

10: air conditioning case (duct) 11: blowing fan
12: door 110: internal heat exchanger
120: external heat exchanger 130: intermediate heat exchanger (IHX)
140: Evaporator 150: Battery Chiller
160: waste heat recovery chiller 210: first expansion means
220: direction switching valve 230: second expansion means
240: third expansion means 250: first opening and closing means
260: second opening and closing means 300: battery
310: Battery PTC heater 320: Battery temperature sensor
330: battery radiator 340: electric pump
350: Battery direction switching valve 400: Electrical part
510: Electric pump 520: Cooling water heating PTC heater
530: heater core 540: reservoir

Claims (16)

Refrigerant line (line 1);
A compressor (COMP) for compressing and discharging refrigerant;
An internal heat exchanger (110) for exchanging the refrigerant discharged from the compressor with indoor air;
An external heat exchanger (120) for exchanging heat between the refrigerant passing through the internal heat exchanger and the outside air;
A first expansion means (210) disposed on a refrigerant line between the internal heat exchanger and the external heat exchanger, the first expansion means (210) being arranged to expand the refrigerant;
A second expansion means (220) arranged to expand a refrigerant passing through the external heat exchanger;
An evaporator 140 positioned at a downstream end of the second expansion means and adapted to evaporate the refrigerant;
A direction switching valve (230) disposed on a refrigerant line between the external heat exchanger and the evaporator; And
And an accumulator (ACC) for allowing the gaseous refrigerant in the liquid phase and the gaseous phase refrigerant on the refrigerant line to flow into the compressor,
The refrigerant line line1 is divided into a cooling line line1-2 operated by the direction switching valve 230 during the cooling operation and a heating line line1-1 operated during the heating operation,
A battery waste heat recovery line (line 1-3) branched from the refrigerant line line1 and arranged to exchange heat with the battery separately from the cooling lines line1-2 and the heating line line1-1;
A battery chiller 150 provided on the battery waste heat recovery line (line 1-3); And
Further comprising third expansion means (240) disposed at a front end of the battery chiller (150) for expanding the refrigerant branched from the refrigerant line (line1). The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the heat pump is used in an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the battery waste heat recovery line (line 1-3) is connected between the rear end of the external heat exchanger (120) and the accumulator (ACC), and bypasses the evaporator (140). The method according to claim 1,
And a battery waste heat flow line line2 which is formed in parallel with the refrigerant line line1 and the battery waste heat recovery line line 1-3 and which performs heat exchange with the battery waste heat recovery lines line 1-3 using the battery chiller 150, ),
And a battery (300) and a battery PTC heater (310) are provided on the battery waste heat flow line (line2). The method according to claim 1,
Wherein a first opening / closing means (250) for selectively controlling the flow of the refrigerant is provided in front of the directional control valve (220) according to the air conditioning mode of the vehicle. The method according to claim 1,
Further comprising an intermediate heat exchanger (130) between the directional control valve (220) and the evaporator. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the first expansion means (210) and the third expansion means (240) are electronic expansion means, and the opening amount can be selectively adjusted according to the air conditioning mode of the vehicle. 8. The method of claim 7,
The temperature of the battery 300 is checked in real time so that when the battery 300 is measured at a predetermined temperature or higher, the third expansion means 240 is fully opened so that the refrigerant is controlled to be supplied to the battery chiller 150 Features a car heat pump. The method according to claim 1,
Further comprising an electric-field-waste heat recovery chiller (160) arranged to collect electric-field-waste heat on the heating line (line1-1). The method according to claim 1,
A dehumidifying line (line 1-4) for directly supplying the refrigerant from the rear end of the internal heat exchanger 110 to the front end of the second expansion means 220 and a second opening and closing means 260 for opening and closing the dehumidifying line (line 1-4) And a heat pump for heating the heat pump. The compressor COMP, the internal heat exchanger 110, the first expansion device 210, the external heat exchanger 120, the direction switching valve 220, the second expansion means 230, the evaporator (not shown) 140, and an accumulator ACC,
A first opening / closing means 250 for selectively controlling the refrigerant flow for each air conditioning mode of the vehicle is provided at a front end of the directional control valve 220,
A dehumidifying line (line 1-4) for directly supplying the refrigerant from the rear end of the internal heat exchanger 110 to the front end of the second expansion means 220 and a second opening and closing means 260 for opening and closing the dehumidifying line (line 1-4) Respectively,
And a battery heat recovery line (line 1-3), a third expansion means 240 and a battery chiller 150 branched from the refrigerant line line1 and arranged to exchange heat with the battery 300 are disposed. The method comprising:
And controlling the opening degree of the third expansion means (240) according to the measured temperature of the battery (300) to control the temperature of the battery. 12. The method of claim 11,
The cooling operation, the heating operation, and the heating operation are performed by the behavior of the first expansion means 210, the direction switching valve 220, the third expansion means 240, the first opening and closing means 250 and the second opening and closing means 260 - a dehumidifying operation and a defrosting operation are performed. 13. The method of claim 12,
The refrigerant is supplied to a compressor (COMP), an internal heat exchanger (110), a first expansion device (210), an external heat exchanger (120), a second expansion device (230), an evaporator (140), an accumulator ) ≪ / RTI >
The first expansion means 210 is fully opened,
Wherein a part of the refrigerant that has passed through the external heat exchanger (120) is branched toward the battery chiller (150) to maintain the temperature of the battery constant. 13. The method of claim 12,
As a heating operation method, the refrigerant is passed through the compressor (COMP), the internal heat exchanger (110), the first expansion means (210), the external heat exchanger (120) and the accumulator (ACC)
The first expansion means 210 is suitably opened,
And the third expansion means (240) is opened only when necessary according to the measured temperature of the battery (300), thereby maintaining the temperature of the battery constant. 13. The method of claim 12,
(EN) A method of heating and dehumidifying a refrigerant by passing the refrigerant through a compressor (COMP), an internal heat exchanger (110), a first expansion device (210), an external heat exchanger (120) and an accumulator And supplies the refrigerant to the evaporator 140 through the dehumidifying line (line 1-4)
The first expansion means 210 is suitably opened,
And the third expansion means (240) is opened only when necessary according to the measured temperature of the battery (300), thereby maintaining the temperature of the battery constant. 13. The method of claim 12,
The defrosting operation method is characterized in that the refrigerant is passed through the compressor COMP, the internal heat exchanger 110, the first expansion means 210, the external heat exchanger 120, the battery chiller 150 and the accumulator ACC,
Characterized in that the first expansion means (210) is suitably opened, the first opening and closing means (250) is closed, and the third expansion means (240) is opened to recover the waste heat of the battery Automotive heat pumps.

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