KR101450636B1 - Heat pump system for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a vehicle heat pump system, and more particularly, to a heat pump system for a vehicle, and more particularly, to a heat pump system for a vehicle, which comprises a bypass means for selectively bypassing a refrigerant passing through a primary heat exchanging portion of a water- Accordingly, in the air conditioning mode, the refrigerant passes through the receiver dryer and the secondary heat exchanger (subcooling portion) to have a certain amount of the subcooling portion, thereby improving the performance of the water-cooled heat exchanger and improving the air conditioner performance and efficiency. The refrigerant bypasses the receiver drier and the secondary heat exchanger (subcooled portion) to minimize the pressure loss while sufficiently evaporating the refrigerant, thereby improving the performance of the water-cooled heat exchanger and improving the heating performance and efficiency To a vehicle heat pump system.

Description

[0001] Heat pump system for vehicle [0002]

The present invention relates to a vehicle heat pump system, and more particularly, to a heat pump system for a vehicle, and more particularly, to a heat pump system for a vehicle, which comprises a bypass means for selectively bypassing a refrigerant passing through a primary heat exchanging portion of a water- To a vehicle heat pump system.

Background Art [0002] A vehicle air conditioner generally includes a cooling system for cooling the interior of a vehicle and a heating system for heating the interior of the vehicle. Wherein the cooling system is configured to cool air in the vehicle interior by exchanging air passing through the outside of the evaporator at the evaporator side of the refrigerant cycle with the refrigerant flowing in the evaporator to convert into cool air, The air passing through the outside of the core is exchanged with the cooling water flowing in the inside of the heater core to warm the inside of the vehicle.

A heat pump system which can selectively perform cooling and heating by switching the flow direction of refrigerant by using one refrigerant cycle is different from the above vehicle air conditioning system. For example, two heat exchangers (That is, an indoor heat exchanger installed inside the air conditioner case for exchanging heat with air blown into the vehicle interior, and an outdoor heat exchanger for exchanging heat outside the air conditioner case), and a direction control valve for switching the flow direction of the refrigerant do. Therefore, when the cooling mode is operated according to the flow direction of the refrigerant by the direction control valve, the indoor heat exchanger functions as a cooling heat exchanger. When the heating mode is activated, the indoor heat exchanger functions as a heating heat exchanger .

Various kinds of such a heat pump system for vehicles have been proposed, and a representative example thereof is shown in Fig.

1 includes a compressor 30 for compressing and discharging a refrigerant, a high-pressure side heat exchanger 32 for dissipating the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 30, A first expansion valve 34 and a first bypass valve 36 for selectively passing the refrigerant passed through the high pressure side heat exchanger 32 and a second expansion valve 34 and a first bypass valve 36 Pressure side heat exchanger (60) for evaporating the refrigerant that has passed through the outdoor heat exchanger (48), and a low-pressure side heat exchanger (60) for evaporating the refrigerant that has passed through the outdoor heat exchanger An accumulator 62 for separating the refrigerant having passed through it into a gas phase and a liquid phase refrigerant, an internal heat exchanger 50 for exchanging heat between the refrigerant supplied to the low pressure side heat exchanger 60 and the refrigerant returning to the compressor 30, Pressure side heat exchanger (60), and a low-pressure side heat exchanger The second expansion valve 56 and the second expansion valve 56 are provided in parallel with each other so as to selectively connect the outlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger 48 and the inlet side of the accumulator 62, 2 bypass valve (58).

1, reference numeral 10 denotes an air conditioning case in which the high-pressure side heat exchanger 32 and the low-pressure side heat exchanger 60 are incorporated, reference numeral 12 denotes a temperature control door for controlling the mixing amount of cold air and warm air, And an air blower installed at the entrance of the air conditioning case.

The first bypass valve 36 and the second expansion valve 56 are closed and the first expansion valve (heating mode) 34 and the second bypass valve 58 are opened. In addition, the temperature control door 12 operates as shown in Fig. Therefore, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 30 flows through the high-pressure side heat exchanger 32, the first expansion valve 34, the outdoor heat exchanger 48, the high-pressure portion 52 of the internal heat exchanger 50, The accumulator 62 and the low pressure section 54 of the internal heat exchanger 50 in this order. That is, the high-pressure side heat exchanger 32 serves as a radiator and the outdoor heat exchanger 48 serves as an evaporator.

When the air conditioning mode (cooling mode) is activated, the first bypass valve 36 and the second expansion valve 56 are opened, and the first expansion valve 34 and the second bypass valve 58 are closed do. Further, the temperature control door 12 closes the high-pressure side heat exchanger 32 passage. Therefore, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 30 flows through the high-pressure side heat exchanger 32, the first bypass valve 36, the outdoor heat exchanger 48, the high-pressure portion 52 of the internal heat exchanger 50, The low pressure side heat exchanger 60, the accumulator 62 and the low pressure portion 54 of the internal heat exchanger 50 in this order. That is, the low-pressure side heat exchanger 60 serves as an evaporator, and the high-pressure side heat exchanger 32 closed by the temperature control door 12 serves as a radiator as in the heat pump mode do.

However, in the conventional vehicle heat pump system, when the outdoor heat exchanger 48 is not provided with a supercooling region (not shown), air conditioner performance and efficiency are deteriorated in the air conditioner mode.

When the outdoor heat exchanger 48 includes a receiver dryer (not shown) and a subcooling portion (not shown) such that the outdoor heat exchanger 48 has a subcooling region, the refrigerant passes through the receiver dryer and the supercooling portion during the heat pump mode The performance of the outdoor heat exchanger is deteriorated due to the pressure loss (flow resistance) of the refrigerant in the outdoor heat exchanger, thereby deteriorating the heating performance and efficiency.

In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger in which a refrigerant having passed through a primary heat exchanger of a water-cooled heat exchanger is provided with bypass means for selectively bypassing a receiver dryer and a secondary heat exchanger The refrigerant passes through the receiver dryer and the secondary heat exchanger (subcooling portion) to have a certain amount of subcooling portion, thereby improving the performance of the water-cooled heat exchanger and improving the air conditioner performance and efficiency. In the heat pump mode, A heat pump for a vehicle which can bypass the receiver dryer and the secondary heat exchanger (subcooling portion) to minimize the pressure loss while sufficiently evaporating the refrigerant, thereby improving the performance of the water-cooled heat exchanger and improving the heating performance and efficiency System.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a refrigeration system comprising: a compressor installed on a refrigerant circulation line for compressing and discharging a refrigerant; and a heat exchanger installed inside the air conditioner case for exchanging heat between the air in the air conditioning case and the refrigerant discharged from the compressor, An evaporator provided inside the air conditioning case for exchanging heat between the air in the air conditioning case and the refrigerant supplied to the compressor, and a refrigerant circulation line provided on the refrigerant circulation line at the inlet side of the evaporator to expand the refrigerant supplied to the evaporator And a cooling water circulation line for circulating cooling water to the vehicle electrical equipment so as to cool the vehicle electrical component, characterized in that the cooling water heat exchanger is provided on the cooling water circulation line, 1 is installed on a refrigerant circulation line facing the expansion means, And a water-cooled heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the cooling water and the refrigerant. The refrigerant circulation line connecting the primary heat exchanger and the secondary heat exchanger of the refrigerant heat exchanger includes a receiver And a bypass means for selectively bypassing the receiver drier or selectively bypassing the receiver dryer and the secondary heat exchanger is installed on the refrigerant circulation line and the refrigerant passing through the primary heat exchanger of the refrigerant heat exchanger is bypassed .

In the present invention, since the bypass means is provided to selectively bypass the receiver dryer and the secondary heat exchanger (the supercooled portion) through the primary heat exchanger of the water-cooled heat exchanger, the refrigerant is supplied to the receiver dryer As a result, the performance of the water-cooled heat exchanger is improved and the air conditioner performance and efficiency are improved.

Further, in the heat pump mode, the refrigerant bypasses the receiver dryer and the secondary heat exchanger (subcooling portion) to sufficiently evaporate the refrigerant, thereby minimizing the pressure loss (flow resistance), thereby improving the performance of the water- Performance and efficiency are also improved.

1 is a schematic view showing a conventional heat pump system for a vehicle,
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an air conditioner mode in a heat pump system for a vehicle according to the present invention,
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the water-cooled heat exchanger, the receiver dryer and the bypass means in FIG. 2,
Fig. 4 is a front view showing the refrigerant heat exchanger, the receiver dryer and the bypass means of the water-cooled heat exchanger in Fig. 3,
Fig. 5 is a view showing the temperature control in the heat pump system for a vehicle according to the present invention. Fig.
FIG. 6 is a view showing the maximum heating mode of the heat pump mode in the vehicle heat pump system according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a front view showing the refrigerant heat exchanger of the water-cooled heat exchanger, the receiver dryer and the bypass means according to the first embodiment in Fig. 6,
FIG. 8 is a front view showing the refrigerant heat exchanger of the water-cooled heat exchanger, the receiver dryer, and the bypass means according to the second embodiment in FIG. 6;
9 is a view showing a dehumidifying mode during operation of the maximum heating mode of the heat pump mode in the vehicle heat pump system according to the present invention.
10 is a sectional view showing an operating state at the time of the orifice function (expansion) of the second expansion valve and the operation state at the time of the on-off valve function (unexpanded expansion) in the vehicle heat pump system according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The heat pump system for a vehicle according to the present invention includes a compressor 100, an indoor heat exchanger 110, a second expansion means 120, a water-cooled heat exchanger 130, The refrigerant circulation line R, the bypass means 136, the first expansion means 140, the evaporator 160, the refrigerant circulation line R, the receiver drier 135, the first expansion means 140 and the evaporator 160 are sequentially connected to each other, And a second bypass line R2 for bypassing the evaporator 160. The present invention is preferably applied to an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle.

A cooling water circulation line W for circulating the cooling water to the vehicle electrical component 200 side for cooling the vehicle electrical component 200 is provided. At this time, a water pump (P) for circulating cooling water is provided on the cooling water circulation line (W).

2, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 100 flows through the indoor heat exchanger 110, the second expansion device 120 (unexpanded), the water-cooled heat exchanger 130, the receiver dryer (not shown) The indoor heat exchanger 110 functions as a condenser and the evaporator 160 and the compressor 100 are sequentially circulated through the evaporator 160 and the evaporator 160, Thereby serving as an evaporator.

The water-cooled heat exchanger 130 serves as a condenser, such as the indoor heat exchanger 110. At this time, the refrigerant heat exchanger 130a in the water-cooled heat exchanger 130 functions as a kind of outdoor heat exchanger.

6, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 100 flows through the indoor heat exchanger 110, the second expansion means 120 (expansion), the water-cooled heat exchanger 130, The indoor heat exchanger 110 functions as a condenser and the water-cooled heat exchanger 130 is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger 130. [ Thereby serving as an evaporator.

As described above, the heat pump system of the present invention can share the refrigerant circulation line R with the same refrigerant circulation direction in the air conditioner mode and the heat pump mode, prevents the refrigerant stagnation phenomenon that occurs when the refrigerant does not flow, The circulation line (R) can also be simplified.

In the present invention, the heat pump mode is diversified as a maximum heating mode and a dehumidifying mode. Here, the dehumidifying mode is performed when the interior of the vehicle is dehumidified during the operation of the heat pump mode.

Hereinafter, each component of the heat pump system will be described in detail.

First, the compressor 100 installed on the refrigerant circulation line R receives power from an engine (an internal combustion engine, a motor, or the like), sucks the refrigerant, compresses the refrigerant, and discharges the compressed refrigerant in a gas state of high temperature and high pressure.

The compressor 100 sucks and compresses the refrigerant discharged from the evaporator 160 in the air conditioning mode and supplies the compressed refrigerant to the indoor heat exchanger 110. In the heat pump mode, And then supplies the compressed refrigerant to the indoor heat exchanger 110 side.

In the dehumidifying mode of the heat pump mode, the refrigerant is simultaneously supplied to the second bypass line R2 and the evaporator 160. In this case, the compressor 100 is connected to the second bypass line R2 and the evaporator 160, And then sucks and compresses the combined refrigerant, and supplies the compressed refrigerant to the indoor heat exchanger 110 side.

The indoor heat exchanger 110 is installed inside the air conditioning case 150 and is connected to the refrigerant circulation line R at the outlet side of the compressor 100 and is connected to the air flowing in the air conditioning case 150 The refrigerant discharged from the compressor 100 is heat-exchanged.

The evaporator 160 is installed inside the air conditioning case 150 and is connected to the refrigerant circulation line R at the inlet side of the compressor 100 so that the air flowing in the air conditioning case 150 And the refrigerant supplied to the compressor 100 is heat-exchanged.

The indoor heat exchanger 110 functions as a condenser in both the air conditioning mode and the heat pump mode,

The evaporator 160 functions as an evaporator in the air conditioning mode, and stops operating because the refrigerant is not supplied during the maximum heating mode of the heat pump mode. In the dehumidifying mode, a part of the refrigerant is supplied to perform the evaporator function.

At this time, the performance of the evaporator 160 in the dehumidification mode is lower than that of the evaporator 160 in the air conditioning mode.

The indoor heat exchanger 110 and the evaporator 160 are installed in the air conditioner case 150 at a predetermined distance from the air conditioner case 150, And an indoor heat exchanger 110 are sequentially installed.

2, the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant discharged from the first expansion means 140 is supplied to the evaporator 160. At this time, the blower (not shown) Air flowing through the air conditioning case 150 through the evaporator 160 is exchanged with the low temperature low pressure refrigerant in the evaporator 160 to be converted into cool air and then discharged to the vehicle interior The inside of the car is cooled.

In the heat pump mode (in the maximum heating mode) in which the indoor heat exchanger 110 serves as a condenser, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 100 flows into the indoor heat exchanger 110 At this time, the air flowing through the air conditioning case 150 through the blower (not shown) is heat-exchanged with the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant in the indoor heat exchanger 110 in the process of passing through the indoor heat exchanger 110 After changing to the warm air, it is discharged to the inside of the vehicle and the inside of the car is heated.

The size of the evaporator 160 may be larger than the size of the indoor heat exchanger 110.

The amount of air passing through the indoor heat exchanger 110 and the amount of air passing through the indoor heat exchanger 110 are adjusted between the evaporator 160 and the indoor heat exchanger 110 in the air conditioning case 150 A temperature control door 151 is provided.

The temperature control door 151 adjusts the amount of air passing through the indoor heat exchanger 110 and the amount of air passing through the indoor heat exchanger 110 to control the temperature of the air discharged from the air conditioning case 150 Can be adjusted appropriately,

2, when the front side passageway of the indoor heat exchanger 110 is completely closed through the temperature control door 151 as shown in FIG. 2, the cold air passing through the evaporator 160 passes through the indoor heat exchanger 110, So that the maximum cooling is performed,

6, when the passageway through which the indoor heat exchanger 110 is bypassed is completely closed through the temperature control door 151, all the air is discharged to the indoor The heat is exchanged into hot air while passing through the heat exchanger 110 and the hot air is supplied to the passenger compartment,

5, when the temperature control door 151 is positioned at the neutral position and both the passageway for bypassing the indoor heat exchanger 110 and the passageway for passing through the indoor heat exchanger 110 are opened, Some of the cold air passing through the indoor heat exchanger 160 bypasses the indoor heat exchanger 110 and part of the cold air passes through the indoor heat exchanger 110 and is converted into hot air. So that the temperature of the interior of the vehicle is controlled to an appropriate temperature.

The water-cooled heat exchanger (130) is disposed outside the air conditioning case (150) and connected to the refrigerant circulation line (R).

The water-cooled heat exchanger 130 includes a cooling water heat exchanger 130b installed on the cooling water circulation line W, a refrigerant circulation line R (FIG. 1) directed from the indoor heat exchanger 110 to the first expansion device 140, And a refrigerant heat exchanging part 130a having a primary heat exchanging part A and a secondary heat exchanging part B installed on the cooling water heat exchanging part 130b for exchanging heat with the cooling water heat exchanging part 130b.

Here, the water-cooled heat exchanger 130 is installed on the refrigerant circulation line R from the indoor heat exchanger 110 to the first expansion means 140, but more particularly to the second expansion means 120 and Is installed on the refrigerant circulation line (R) between the first expansion means (140).

The refrigerant heat exchanging part 130a and the cooling water heat exchanging part 130b may be integrally formed for heat exchange.

The refrigerant heat exchanging part 130a is provided with a first heat exchanging part A and a second heat exchanging part R along the refrigerant flow direction of the refrigerant circulating line R so as to perform heat exchange with the cooling water heat exchanging part 130b, (B). Referring to FIG. 4, a primary heat exchanging portion A is disposed on an upper side of the refrigerant heat exchanging portion 130a, and a secondary heat exchanging portion B is disposed on a lower side thereof.

In addition, the primary heat exchanging portion A is formed to have a larger volume than the secondary heat exchanging portion B.

On the other hand, in the air conditioning mode, the refrigerant flowing into the refrigerant heat exchanging part 130a is firstly cooled and condensed by heat exchange with the cooling water while flowing through the primary heat exchanging part A, (135), and is secondarily cooled by heat exchange with the cooling water while flowing through the secondary heat exchanging part (B).

Therefore, the primary heat exchanging portion A may be referred to as a cooling portion, and the secondary heat exchanging portion B may be referred to as a subcooling portion.

A receiver drier 135 is connected to the refrigerant circulation line R connecting the primary heat exchanging unit A and the secondary heat exchanging unit B of the refrigerant heat exchanging unit 130a.

Therefore, the refrigerant having passed through the primary heat exchanging unit A passes through the receiver dryer 135, and then passes through the secondary heat exchanging unit B.

The receiver drier 135 may be configured to store the condensed liquid refrigerant while passing through the primary heat exchanging unit A, to maintain the gaseous refrigerant that has not yet been liquefied to a liquid state, or to remove moisture contained in the refrigerant .

The refrigerant having passed through the primary heat exchanging unit A of the refrigerant heat exchanging unit 130a selectively bypasses the receiver drier 135 or the receiver drier 135 and the refrigerant circulating line R, A bypass means 136 for selectively bypassing the secondary heat exchanging portion B is provided.

2 to 4, the refrigerant passing through the primary heat exchanging unit A passes through the receiver dryer 135 and the secondary heat exchanging unit B So that the performance of the water-cooled heat exchanger 130 can be improved and the air conditioner performance and efficiency can be improved.

6 to 8, the refrigerant that has passed through the primary heat exchanging unit A bypasses the receiver drier 135 or the refrigerant passing through the receiver drier 135 and the secondary heat exchanging unit (B) is bypassed, the pressure loss (flow resistance) can be minimized while the refrigerant sufficiently evaporates, so that the performance of the water-cooled heat exchanger 130 can be improved and the heating performance and efficiency can be improved.

The flow direction of the refrigerant passing through the primary heat exchanging unit A is changed by the bypass unit 136 according to the air conditioning mode or the heat pump mode so that the temperature of the receiver dryer 135 and the secondary heat exchanging unit B So that the water-cooled heat exchanger 130 can be operated with optimum performance both in cooling and heating, and the performance and efficiency of the system can be improved.

7, the refrigerant having passed through the primary heat exchanging unit A may be bypassed only by the receiver drier 135. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 8, The refrigerant passing through the primary heat exchanging unit A can be bypassed to the receiver dryer 135 and the secondary heat exchanging unit B. [

The bypass means 136 of Figure 7 is installed to connect the inlet side refrigerant circulation line R of the receiver drier 135 and the outlet side refrigerant circulation line R of the receiver drier 135, A first bypass line R1 for allowing the refrigerant passing through the primary heat exchanging unit A to bypass the receiver drier 135 and a second bypass line R1 for bypassing the first bypass line R1 And a first direction switching valve 180 for switching the flow direction of the refrigerant according to the air conditioner mode or the heat pump mode.

The bypass means 136 of Figure 8 is installed to connect the inlet side refrigerant circulation line R of the receiver dryer 135 and the outlet side refrigerant circulation line R of the secondary heat exchanger B A first bypass line R1 for allowing the refrigerant having passed through the primary heat exchanging unit A to bypass the receiver dryer 135 and the secondary heat exchanging unit B and a refrigerant circulating line R And a first direction switching valve 180 installed at a branch point of the first bypass line R1 for switching the flow direction of the refrigerant according to an air conditioning mode or a heat pump mode.

The refrigerant heat exchanger 130a of the water-cooled heat exchanger 130 functions as the same condenser as the indoor heat exchanger 110 in the air conditioning mode. In the heat pump mode (in the maximum heating mode) And serves as an evaporator opposite to the evaporator 110.

In addition, the heating performance can be improved by recovering the waste heat from the cooling water circulating the vehicle electrical equipment 200 in the heat pump mode through the water-cooled heat exchanger 130, and the heat pump mode can be improved even when the outdoor temperature is low. It can work.

The vehicle electrical equipment 200 typically includes a motor, an inverter, an engine, a battery, a PTC heater, a stack (in the case of a fuel cell vehicle), and the like.

A cooling water branch line W1 for connecting the inlet side cooling water circulation line W of the cooling water heat exchanger 130b and the outlet side cooling water circulation line W of the cooling water heat exchanger 130b is disposed on the cooling water circulation line W, And a radiator 210 for exchanging heat between the cooling water and the outdoor air is provided on the cooling water branch line W1 and the branch point of the cooling water branch line W1 is provided on the cooling water circulation line W in the third direction A switching valve 220 is provided.

Of course, the water pump (P) and the vehicle electrical component (200) are connected to the cooling water circulation line (W).

The radiator 210 is installed on the front side of the engine room of the vehicle to exchange heat between the outdoor air and the cooling water.

Accordingly, the cooling water circulated through the water pump P is allowed to pass through the vehicle electrical component 200 to cool the vehicle electrical component 200, and then the cooling water that has passed through the vehicle electrical component 200 flows through the third directional control valve 200, A part of the refrigerant is supplied to the cooling water heat exchanger 130b of the water-cooled heat exchanger 130 and exchanges heat with the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant heat exchanger 130a, and a part of the refrigerant is supplied to the radiator 210, And then circulated to the water pump P again while exchanging heat.

The second expansion means 120 is installed on the refrigerant circulation line R between the indoor heat exchanger 110 and the water-cooled heat exchanger 130, The refrigerant supplied to the heat exchanger 130 is selectively expanded.

The second expansion means 120 includes an on-off valve 125 installed on the refrigerant circulation line R to turn on and off a refrigerant flow, Off valve 125 is opened and the refrigerant is caused to flow in an unexpanded state and the refrigerant is expanded and flowed through the orifice 128 when the on-off valve 125 is closed.

In other words, the second expansion means 120 is constructed by integrating a one-way on-off valve 125 and an orifice 128 acting as a throttling.

10 is a view schematically showing the second expansion means, in which a flow passage 126 through which a refrigerant flows is formed in an on-off valve 125 and a valve member 127 is provided so as to open and close the flow passage 126 It is installed.

At this time, an orifice 128 for expanding the refrigerant is formed on the valve member 127.

A solenoid 129 for opening and closing the valve member 127 is installed on one side of the on-off valve 125.

Therefore, when the valve member 127 of the second expansion means 120 opens the flow path 126, the refrigerant passing through the second expansion means 120 passes without being inflated, and the second expansion means When the valve member 127 of the valve member 127 closes the flow passage 126, the refrigerant passing through the second expansion means 120 is expanded and passes through the orifice 128 on the valve member 127 .

In addition, the second expansion means (120) may use an electronic expansion valve in addition to the structure described above.

The first expansion means 140 is installed on the refrigerant circulation line R on the inlet side of the evaporator 160 and expands the refrigerant supplied to the evaporator 160.

That is, the first expansion means 140 expands the refrigerant discharged from the water-cooled heat exchanger 130 in the air conditioning mode to be in a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid (frotten) state, and then supplies the refrigerant to the evaporator 160 .

As the first expansion means 140, various expansion valves such as a mechanical expansion valve (not shown) or an electronic expansion valve (not shown) may be used. In addition, when the dehumidification using the evaporator 160 is performed, Thereby further securing a heat source.

The second bypass line R2 is installed to connect the inlet side refrigerant circulation line R of the first expansion means 140 and the outlet side refrigerant circulation line R of the evaporator 160 , And the refrigerant circulating through the refrigerant circulation line (R) bypasses the first expansion means (140) and the evaporator (160).

As shown in the figure, the second bypass line R2 is disposed in parallel with the first expansion means 140 and the evaporator 160. [

A second direction switching valve 190 is provided at a branch point of the second bypass line R2 on the refrigerant circulation line R to switch the flow direction of the refrigerant according to an air conditioning mode or a heat pump mode.

That is, the second directional control valve 190 is a three-way valve. In the air-conditioning mode, the second bypass line R2 is closed and the refrigerant circulation line R is opened. In the heat pump mode, The second bypass line R2 is opened and the refrigerant circulation line R is closed and the second bypass line R2 and the refrigerant circulation line R are both opened in the dehumidification mode.

Therefore, in the air conditioning mode, the refrigerant having passed through the water-cooled heat exchanger 130 flows to the first expansion device 140 and the evaporator 160. In the heat pump mode (in the maximum heating mode) The refrigerant having passed through the heat exchanger 130 flows directly to the compressor 100 through the second bypass line R2 to bypass the first expansion means 140 and the evaporator 160. [

It is preferable that not only the second direction switching valve 190 but also the first direction switching valve 180 and the third direction switching valve 220 use three-way valves.

An electric heater 115 is further installed on the downstream side of the indoor heat exchanger 110 in the air conditioning case 150 to improve the heating performance.

That is, the heating performance can be improved by operating the electric heater 115 as an auxiliary heat source at the start of the vehicle.

As the electric heater 115, a PTC heater is preferably used.

An accumulator 170 is installed on the refrigerant circulation line R on the inlet side of the compressor 100.

The accumulator 170 separates the liquid refrigerant and the gaseous refrigerant from the refrigerant supplied to the compressor 100 so that only the gaseous refrigerant can be supplied to the compressor 100.

Hereinafter, the operation of the vehicle heat pump system according to the present invention will be described.

end. Air conditioning mode (cooling mode) (Fig. 2)

In the air conditioning mode (cooling mode), as shown in FIG. 2, the first expansion means 140 is opened and the second expansion means 120 has an unexpanded function, The first bypass line R1 is closed by the valve 180 and the second bypass line R2 is closed by the second direction switching valve 190. [

On the other hand, at the time of maximum cooling, the temperature control door 151 in the air conditioning case 150 is operated to close the passage through the indoor heat exchanger 110, so that the air blown into the air conditioning case 150 by the blower Is cooled while passing through the evaporator (160), and is then supplied to the interior of the vehicle by bypassing the indoor heat exchanger (110), thereby cooling the interior of the vehicle.

Next, the refrigerant circulation process will be described.

The high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged from the compressor 100 after being compressed is supplied to the indoor heat exchanger 110 installed in the air conditioning case 150.

The refrigerant supplied to the indoor heat exchanger 110 flows through the second expansion means 120 without heat exchange with the air because the temperature control door 151 closes the passage on the side of the indoor heat exchanger 110 as shown in FIG. And flows to the water-cooled heat exchanger 130 side.

The refrigerant flowing into the water-cooled heat exchanger 130 passes through the primary heat exchanging unit A of the refrigerant heat exchanging unit 130a and is heat-exchanged with the cooling water flowing in the cooling water heat exchanging unit 130b to be firstly condensed (cooled) The refrigerant passes through the receiver dryer 135 and the secondary heat exchanger B and is subjected to secondary heat exchange with the cooling water flowing through the cooling water heat exchanger 130b to be secondarily condensed .

Subsequently, the refrigerant passing through the first expansion means (140) is decompressed and expanded to be a low-temperature low-pressure liquid-phase refrigerant, and then flows into the evaporator (160).

The refrigerant flowing into the evaporator 160 is heat-exchanged with the air blown into the air conditioning case 150 through the blower to evaporate, and at the same time, the air is cooled by an endothermic effect due to the latent heat of evaporation of the refrigerant. And supplied to the vehicle interior to be cooled.

Then, the refrigerant discharged from the evaporator 160 flows into the compressor 100 and recycles the cycle as described above.

I. Upon temperature control (Figure 5)

The temperature control is the same as in the air conditioning mode as shown in FIG. 5, except that the position of the temperature control door 151 varies according to the set temperature.

That is, the temperature control door 151 opens both the passageway for bypassing the indoor heat exchanger 110 and the passageway for passing through the indoor heat exchanger 110, and a part of the cool air passing through the evaporator 160 The indoor heat exchanger 110 and the indoor heat exchanger 110. The indoor heat exchanger 110 converts the indoor heat exchanger 110 into hot air and the cold air is mixed with hot air on the downstream side to be supplied to the passenger compartment. It will be done.

All. The maximum heating mode of the heat pump mode (Figure 6)

In the maximum heating mode of the heat pump mode, as shown in FIG. 6, the first expansion means 140 is closed, the second expansion means 120 is expanded, and the first direction switching valve 180 The first bypass line R 1 is opened and the second bypass line R 2 is opened by the second direction switching valve 190.

In the maximum heating mode, the temperature control door 151 in the air conditioning case 150 is operated to close the passage bypassing the indoor heat exchanger 110, so that the air blown into the air conditioning case 150 by the blower Passes through the indoor heat exchanger 110 after passing through the evaporator 160 (operation stop), and is converted into hot air to be supplied to the interior of the vehicle, thereby heating the interior of the vehicle.

Next, the refrigerant circulation process will be described.

The high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged from the compressor 100 after being compressed is introduced into the indoor heat exchanger 110 installed inside the air conditioning case 150.

The high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant introduced into the indoor heat exchanger 110 is condensed while exchanging heat with the air blown into the air conditioning case 150 through the blower. At this time, air passing through the indoor heat exchanger 110 After changing to hot air, it is supplied to the interior of the vehicle, and the interior of the vehicle is heated.

Subsequently, the refrigerant discharged from the indoor heat exchanger 110 passes through the second expansion means 120. At this time, during the process of passing through the orifice 128 of the second expansion means 120, Pressure liquid refrigerant, and then supplied to the water-cooled heat exchanger 130 serving as an evaporator.

The refrigerant flowing into the water-cooled heat exchanger 130 is evaporated by heat exchange with the cooling water flowing through the cooling water heat exchanging part 130b while passing through the primary heat exchanging part A, and then the first bypass line R1 And bypasses the receiver drier 135 and the secondary heat exchanger B through the heat exchanger.

Subsequently, the refrigerant bypassed from the receiver drier 135 and the second heat exchanger B bypasses the first expansion means 140 and the evaporator 160 through the second bypass line R2 After bypassing, the refrigerant is introduced into the compressor 100 and recycled as described above.

la. During dehumidification mode (Figure 9) during maximum heat mode operation of the heat pump mode,

The dehumidification mode during operation of the maximum heating mode of the heat pump mode operates when the indoor dehumidification is required while operating in the maximum heating mode of FIG.

Therefore, only the difference from the maximum heating mode in Fig. 6 will be described.

In the dehumidifying mode, the second direction switching valve 190 opens both the second bypass line R2 and the refrigerant circulation line R in the maximum heating mode, and the first expansion means 140, This causes an expansion action.

In the dehumidifying mode, the temperature control door 151 in the air conditioning case 150 is operated to close the passage bypassing the indoor heat exchanger 110, so that the air blown into the air conditioning case 150 by the blower After passing through the evaporator 160, the refrigerant passes through the indoor heat exchanger 110 and is converted into hot air to be supplied to the interior of the vehicle, thereby heating the interior of the vehicle.

At this time, since the amount of the refrigerant supplied to the evaporator 160 is small, the air cooling performance is low, so that the change in the room temperature is minimized, and the air passing through the evaporator 160 is dehumidified smoothly.

Next, the refrigerant circulation process will be described.

A portion of the refrigerant that has passed through the compressor 100, the indoor heat exchanger 110, the second expansion means 120, the primary heat exchanger A of the water-cooled heat exchanger 130, and the first bypass line R1 The first expansion means 140 and the evaporator 160 are bypassed through the second bypass line R2 and a part of the refrigerant is further expanded while passing through the first expansion means 140, The air is supplied to the air conditioning case 160 and evaporated in the course of heat exchange with the air flowing inside the air conditioning case 150.

In this process, the air passing through the evaporator 160 is dehumidified, and the dehumidified air passing through the evaporator 160 is converted into hot air while passing through the indoor heat exchanger 110, Dehumidification is heated.

Then, the refrigerant having passed through the second bypass line (R2) and the evaporator (160) is combined and then flows into the compressor (100), thereby recycling the cycle as described above.

100: compressor 110: indoor heat exchanger
115: Electric heater
120: second expansion means 130: water-cooled heat exchanger
130a: refrigerant heat exchanger 130b: cooling water heat exchanger
135: receiver dryer 136: bypass means
140: first expansion means
150: air conditioning case 151: temperature control door
160: Evaporator 170: Accumulator
180: first direction switching valve 190: second direction switching valve
200: Electrical component 210: Radiator
220: third direction switching valve
A: Primary heat exchanger B: Secondary heat exchanger
R: refrigerant circulation line R1: first bypass line
R2: second bypass line W: cooling water circulation line
W1: Cooling water branch line

Claims (7)

The compressor 100 is installed on the refrigerant circulation line R and compresses and discharges the refrigerant. The compressor 100 is installed inside the air conditioner case 150 to discharge the air in the air conditioner case 150 and the air An evaporator 160 installed inside the air conditioner case 150 for exchanging heat between the air in the air conditioner case 150 and the refrigerant supplied to the compressor 100, A first expansion means 140 installed on the refrigerant circulation line R on the inlet side of the evaporator 160 for expanding the refrigerant supplied to the evaporator 160 and a second expansion means 140 for expanding the refrigerant supplied to the vehicle electrical component 200, And a cooling water circulation line (W) for circulating cooling water to the side of the cooling water circulation line (W)
A cooling water heat exchanger 130b provided on the cooling water circulation line W and a cooling water heat exchanger 130b provided on the refrigerant circulation line R directed from the indoor heat exchanger 110 to the first expansion means 140, And a water-cooled heat exchanger (130) composed of a refrigerant heat exchanger (130a) having a primary heat exchanger (A) and a secondary heat exchanger (B) for heat exchange with the refrigerant heat exchanger (130b)
A receiver drier 135 is installed on the refrigerant circulation line R connecting the primary heat exchanging unit A and the secondary heat exchanging unit B of the refrigerant heat exchanging unit 130a,
The refrigerant passing through the primary heat exchanging unit A of the refrigerant heat exchanging unit 130a selectively bypasses the receiver drier 135 or the refrigerant passing through the receiver drier 135 and the secondary And bypass means (136) for selectively bypassing the heat exchange portion (B). The method according to claim 1,
The bypass means 136 is provided to connect an inlet side refrigerant circulation line R of the receiver dryer 135 and an outlet side refrigerant circulation line R of the receiver drier 135, A first bypass line (R1) for allowing the refrigerant passing through the unit (A) to bypass the receiver dryer (135)
And a first direction switching valve 180 installed at a branch point of the first bypass line R 1 on the refrigerant circulation line R for switching a flow direction of the refrigerant according to an air conditioning mode or a heat pump mode The heat pump system for vehicles. The method according to claim 1,
The bypass means 136 is provided to connect the inlet side refrigerant circulation line R of the receiver dryer 135 and the outlet side refrigerant circulation line R of the secondary heat exchanger B, A first bypass line R1 for allowing the refrigerant that has passed through the car heat exchange unit A to bypass the receiver dryer 135 and the secondary heat exchange unit B,
And a first direction switching valve 180 installed at a branch point of the first bypass line R 1 on the refrigerant circulation line R for switching a flow direction of the refrigerant according to an air conditioning mode or a heat pump mode The heat pump system for vehicles. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein a second expansion means (120) for selectively expanding a refrigerant is provided on a refrigerant circulation line (R) between the indoor heat exchanger (110) and the water-cooled heat exchanger (130). 5. The method of claim 4,
The second expansion means 120 includes an on-off valve 125 installed on the refrigerant circulation line R to turn on and off a refrigerant flow, Orifice 128,
Wherein the refrigerant flows in an unexpanded state when the on-off valve (125) is opened, and the refrigerant expands through the orifice (128) when the on-off valve (125) is closed. The method according to claim 1,
The refrigerant circulation line R is provided on the refrigerant circulation line R so as to connect the inlet side refrigerant circulation line R of the first expansion means 140 and the outlet side refrigerant circulation line R of the evaporator 160, R is bypassed to the first expansion means 140 and the evaporator 160. The second bypass line R2 is provided to bypass the first expansion means 140 and the evaporator 160,
And a second direction switching valve 190 is provided at a branch point of the second bypass line R2 on the refrigerant circulation line R to switch the flow direction of the refrigerant according to an air conditioning mode or a heat pump mode Automotive heat pump system. The method according to claim 1,
A cooling water branch line W1 for connecting the inlet side cooling water circulation line W of the cooling water heat exchanger 130b and the outlet side cooling water circulation line W of the cooling water heat exchanger 130b is disposed on the cooling water circulation line W, ) Is installed,
On the cooling water branch line W1, a radiator 210 for exchanging heat between cooling water and outdoor air is installed,
And a third direction switching valve (220) is provided at a branch point of the cooling water branch line (W1) on the cooling water circulation line (W).

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