KR101748213B1 - Heat pump system for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a heat pump system for a vehicle, and more particularly, to a heat pump system for a vehicle, and more particularly, to a coolant-coolant heat exchanger for exchanging coolant in a coolant circulation line with coolant circulating in the fuel cell stack, Cooling water heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the circulating cooling water and air flowing in the air conditioning case, the existing PTC heater can be eliminated by utilizing the high waste heat of the fuel cell stack, And more particularly to a vehicular heat pump system in which a cooling water heat exchanger replaces a cooling water heat exchanger, thereby reducing power consumption and improving fuel economy.

Description

[0001] Heat pump system for vehicle [0002]

The present invention relates to a heat pump system for a vehicle, and more particularly, to a heat pump system for a vehicle, and more particularly, to a coolant-coolant heat exchanger for exchanging coolant in a coolant circulation line with coolant circulating in the fuel cell stack, And an air-cooling water heat exchanger for exchanging heat between circulating cooling water and air flowing in the air conditioning case.

Background Art [0002] A vehicle air conditioner generally includes a cooling system for cooling the interior of a vehicle and a heating system for heating the interior of the vehicle. Wherein the cooling system is configured to cool air in the vehicle interior by exchanging air passing through the outside of the evaporator at the evaporator side of the refrigerant cycle with the refrigerant flowing in the evaporator to convert into cool air, The air passing through the outside of the core is exchanged with the cooling water flowing in the inside of the heater core to warm the inside of the vehicle.

A heat pump system which can selectively perform cooling and heating by switching the flow direction of refrigerant by using one refrigerant cycle is different from the above vehicle air conditioning system. For example, two heat exchangers (That is, an indoor heat exchanger installed inside the air conditioner case for exchanging heat with air blown into the vehicle interior, and an outdoor heat exchanger for exchanging heat outside the air conditioner case), and a direction control valve for switching the flow direction of the refrigerant do. Therefore, when the cooling mode is operated according to the flow direction of the refrigerant by the direction control valve, the indoor heat exchanger functions as a cooling heat exchanger. When the heating mode is activated, the indoor heat exchanger functions as a heating heat exchanger .

Various kinds of such a heat pump system for vehicles have been proposed, and a representative example thereof is shown in Fig.

1 includes a compressor 30 for compressing and discharging a refrigerant, a high-pressure side heat exchanger 32 for dissipating the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 30, A first expansion valve 34 and a first bypass valve 36 for selectively passing the refrigerant passed through the high pressure side heat exchanger 32 and a second expansion valve 34 and a first bypass valve 36 Pressure side heat exchanger (60) for evaporating the refrigerant that has passed through the outdoor heat exchanger (48), and a low-pressure side heat exchanger (60) for evaporating the refrigerant that has passed through the outdoor heat exchanger An accumulator 62 for separating the refrigerant having passed through it into a gas phase and a liquid phase refrigerant, an internal heat exchanger 50 for exchanging heat between the refrigerant supplied to the low pressure side heat exchanger 60 and the refrigerant returning to the compressor 30, Pressure side heat exchanger (60), and a low-pressure side heat exchanger The second expansion valve 56 and the second expansion valve 56 are provided in parallel with each other so as to selectively connect the outlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger 48 and the inlet side of the accumulator 62, 2 bypass valve (58).

1, reference numeral 10 denotes an air conditioning case in which the high-pressure side heat exchanger 32 and the low-pressure side heat exchanger 60 are incorporated, reference numeral 12 denotes a temperature control door for controlling the mixing amount of cold air and warm air, And an air blower installed at the entrance of the air conditioning case.

A PTC heater 15 is provided on the downstream side of the high-pressure side heat exchanger 32 in the air conditioning case 10.

The first bypass valve 36 and the second expansion valve 56 are closed and the first expansion valve (heating mode) 34 and the second bypass valve 58 are opened. In addition, the temperature control door 12 operates as shown in Fig. Therefore, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 30 flows through the high-pressure side heat exchanger 32, the first expansion valve 34, the outdoor heat exchanger 48, the high-pressure portion 52 of the internal heat exchanger 50, The accumulator 62 and the low pressure section 54 of the internal heat exchanger 50 in this order. That is, the high-pressure side heat exchanger 32 serves as a radiator and the outdoor heat exchanger 48 serves as an evaporator.

When the air conditioning mode (cooling mode) is activated, the first bypass valve 36 and the second expansion valve 56 are opened, and the first expansion valve 34 and the second bypass valve 58 are closed do. Further, the temperature control door 12 closes the high-pressure side heat exchanger 32 passage. Therefore, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 30 flows through the high-pressure side heat exchanger 32, the first bypass valve 36, the outdoor heat exchanger 48, the high-pressure portion 52 of the internal heat exchanger 50, The low pressure side heat exchanger 60, the accumulator 62 and the low pressure portion 54 of the internal heat exchanger 50 in this order. That is, the low-pressure side heat exchanger 60 serves as an evaporator, and the high-pressure side heat exchanger 32 closed by the temperature control door 12 serves as a radiator as in the heat pump mode do.

When the dehumidification heating mode is operated in the winter, the PTC heater 15 is operated in the air conditioning mode (cooling mode) and the heating is performed.

However, when the dehumidifying heating mode is operated during the winter heating mode operation, the conventional vehicle heat pump system is switched from the heat pump mode (heating mode) to the air conditioning mode (cooling mode) The heating uses the PTC heater 15 to heat the air supplied to the passenger compartment, resulting in a problem of high power consumption.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fuel cell system including a coolant-coolant heat exchanger for exchanging coolant in a coolant circulation line with coolant circulating in a fuel cell stack, By providing an air-cooling water heat exchanger for exchanging the air flowing in the air conditioning case, the existing PTC heater can be eliminated by utilizing the high waste heat of the fuel cell stack, and the air- And to provide a vehicle heat pump system capable of reducing fuel consumption by reducing power consumption.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an air conditioner comprising: a compressor installed on a refrigerant circulation line for compressing and discharging a refrigerant; an indoor heat exchanger installed inside the air conditioner case for performing heat exchange between the air in the air conditioner case and the refrigerant discharged from the compressor; An evaporator installed inside the air conditioner case for exchanging heat between the air in the air conditioner case and the refrigerant supplied to the compressor, and an evaporator installed in the outlet refrigerant circulation line of the indoor heat exchanger, A first expansion means for expanding the refrigerant and a second expansion means installed in an inlet side refrigerant circulation line of the evaporator for expanding a refrigerant supplied to the evaporator in an air conditioning mode, 1 The refrigerant circulation line at the outlet side of the expansion means is provided with cooling water circulating through the fuel cell stack of the vehicle, A cooling water circulation line for connecting the fuel cell stack and the refrigerant-cooling water heat exchanger is installed, and a cooling water circulation line for connecting the cooling water circulation line And an air-cooling water heat exchanger connected in parallel to heat the air in the air conditioning case and the cooling water circulating the fuel cell stack.

In the present invention, a coolant-coolant heat exchanger for exchanging the coolant in the coolant circulation line with the cooling water circulating in the fuel cell stack is provided, and cooling water circulating in the fuel cell stack and air flowing in the air conditioner case By installing the air-cooling water heat exchanger for exchanging heat, the existing PTC heater can be eliminated because the high-temperature heat of the fuel cell stack is used for heating, and the air-cooling water heat exchanger replaces the PTC heater, The power consumption can be reduced and the fuel efficiency can be improved.

In addition, the heating performance can be further improved by recovering the waste heat from the coolant circulating the fuel cell stack and the vehicle electrical equipment in the heat pump mode through the coolant-coolant heat exchanger, and the heat pump mode can be improved even when the outdoor temperature is low. Can operate.

1 is a schematic view showing a conventional heat pump system for a vehicle,
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an air conditioner mode in a heat pump system for a vehicle according to the present invention,
3 is a view showing a heating mode of a heat pump mode in a vehicle heat pump system according to the present invention.
4 is a view showing a dehumidifying heating mode of a heat pump mode in a vehicle heat pump system according to the present invention.
5 is a view showing a cooling water circulation line of a fuel cell stack in a heat pump system for a vehicle according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a case where an evaporator, an indoor heat exchanger, and an air-cooling water heat exchanger are disposed in an air conditioning case in a vehicle heat pump system according to the present invention.
7 is a sectional view showing an operating state of the first expansion valve in the heat pump system for a vehicle according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, a heat pump system for a vehicle according to the present invention includes a compressor 100, an indoor heat exchanger 110, a first expansion device 120, a refrigerant-cooling water heat exchanger 130 A second expansion means 140 and an evaporator 160 are sequentially connected and a refrigerant bypass line for bypassing the second expansion means 140 and the evaporator 160 is provided on the refrigerant circulation line R. [ Line R1, and is preferably applied to a fuel cell vehicle.

A cooling water circulation line W for circulating cooling water to the fuel cell stack 200 side to cool the fuel cell stack 200 and cooling water circulating line W for circulating cooling water to the vehicle electrical equipment 300 side to cool the vehicle electrical equipment 300 An auxiliary cooling water circulation line W5 is provided.

2, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 100 flows through the indoor heat exchanger 110, the first expansion device 120 (unexpanded), the refrigerant-cooling water heat exchanger 130, The indoor heat exchanger 110 functions as a condenser and the evaporator 160 serves as an evaporator so that the indoor heat exchanger 110 functions as a condenser and the evaporator 160 functions as a condenser, .

On the other hand, the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger 130 serves as a condenser such as the indoor heat exchanger 110. In this case, the refrigerant heat exchanger 131 in the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger 130 serves as a kind of outdoor heat exchanger.

3, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 100 flows into the indoor heat exchanger 110, the first expansion device 120 (expansion), the refrigerant-cooling water heat exchanger 130 The indoor heat exchanger 110 functions as a condenser and the refrigerant-cooling water heat exchanger 130 functions as an evaporator. .

In the present invention, the heat pump mode is diversified as a heating mode and a dehumidifying heating mode. Here, the dehumidifying heating mode is performed when the interior of the vehicle is dehumidified during operation of the heat pump mode.

Hereinafter, each component of the heat pump system will be described in detail.

First, the compressor 100 installed on the refrigerant circulation line R receives power from a motor or the like and sucks the refrigerant, compresses the refrigerant, and discharges the compressed refrigerant into a high-temperature, high-pressure gas state.

The compressor 100 sucks and compresses the refrigerant discharged from the evaporator 160 in the air conditioning mode and supplies the compressed refrigerant to the indoor heat exchanger 110. In the heat pump mode, the refrigerant bypass line R1 Sucked, compressed, and supplied to the indoor heat exchanger 110 side.

In the dehumidifying and heating mode, the refrigerant is simultaneously supplied to the refrigerant bypass line R1 and the evaporator 160. In this case, the compressor 100 passes through the refrigerant bypass line R1 and the evaporator 160 The combined refrigerant is sucked, compressed, and supplied to the indoor heat exchanger 110 side.

The indoor heat exchanger 110 is installed inside the air conditioning case 150 and is connected to the refrigerant circulation line R at the outlet side of the compressor 100 and is connected to the air flowing in the air conditioning case 150 The refrigerant discharged from the compressor 100 is heat-exchanged.

The evaporator 160 is installed inside the air conditioning case 150 and is connected to the refrigerant circulation line R at the inlet side of the compressor 100 so that the air flowing in the air conditioning case 150 And the refrigerant supplied to the compressor 100 is heat-exchanged.

The indoor heat exchanger 110 functions as a condenser in both the air conditioning mode and the heat pump mode,

The evaporator 160 functions as an evaporator in the air conditioning mode, and is stopped when the refrigerant is not supplied during the heating mode of the heat pump mode. In the dehumidifying heating mode, a part of the refrigerant is supplied to perform the evaporator function.

As shown in FIG. 6, the indoor heat exchanger 110 and the evaporator 160 are installed in the air conditioner case 150 at a predetermined distance from each other, The evaporator 160 and the indoor heat exchanger 110 are sequentially installed. The air-cooling water heat exchanger 115, which will be described later, is installed on the downstream side of the indoor heat exchanger 110.

2, the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant discharged from the second expansion means 140 is supplied to the evaporator 160. At this time, the blower (not shown) Air flowing through the air conditioning case 150 through the evaporator 160 is exchanged with the low temperature low pressure refrigerant in the evaporator 160 to be converted into cool air and then discharged to the vehicle interior The inside of the car is cooled.

3, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 100 is supplied to the indoor heat exchanger 110, and the indoor heat exchanger 110 is connected to the indoor heat exchanger 110. In the heat pump mode (heating mode) in which the indoor heat exchanger 110 serves as a condenser, At this time, air flowing in the air conditioning case 150 through the blower (not shown) undergoes heat exchange with the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant in the indoor heat exchanger 110 while passing through the indoor heat exchanger 110, And then discharged to the vehicle interior to heat the vehicle interior.

The amount of air passing through the indoor heat exchanger 110 and the amount of air passing through the indoor heat exchanger 110 are adjusted between the evaporator 160 and the indoor heat exchanger 110 in the air conditioning case 150 A temperature control door 151 is provided.

The temperature control door 151 adjusts the amount of air passing through the indoor heat exchanger 110 and the amount of air passing through the indoor heat exchanger 110 to control the temperature of the air discharged from the air conditioning case 150 Can be adjusted appropriately,

2, when the front side passageway of the indoor heat exchanger 110 is completely closed through the temperature control door 151 as shown in FIG. 2, the cold air passing through the evaporator 160 passes through the indoor heat exchanger 110, So that the maximum cooling is performed,

As shown in FIG. 3, when the passageway for bypassing the indoor heat exchanger 110 is completely closed through the temperature control door 151 at the time of the heat pump mode (in the heating mode), all the air passes through the indoor heat exchanger The air is changed into warm air while passing through the heater 110, and the warm air is supplied to the inside of the vehicle,

When the temperature control door 151 is positioned at the neutral position and both the passageway for bypassing the indoor heat exchanger 110 and the passageway for passing through the indoor heat exchanger 110 are opened, A part of the cold air passed by bypasses the indoor heat exchanger 110 and a part of the cold air passes through the indoor heat exchanger 110 and is converted into warm air and then cold air and warm air are mixed on the downstream side, The temperature is adjusted to an appropriate temperature.

The first expansion means 120 is installed in the refrigerant circulation line R at the outlet side of the indoor heat exchanger, that is, between the indoor heat exchanger 110 and the refrigerant-cooling water heat exchanger 130 And is installed on the refrigerant circulation line (R). In the heat pump mode, the refrigerant discharged from the indoor heat exchanger is expanded and supplied to the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger (130).

The first expansion means 120 includes an on-off valve 125 installed on the refrigerant circulation line R to turn on and off the refrigerant flow, And an orifice 128 for expanding the refrigerant. When the on-off valve 125 is opened, the refrigerant flows to the unexpanded state. When the on-off valve 125 is closed, the refrigerant expands through the orifice 128 to flow .

In other words, the first expansion means 120 has a structure in which the on / off valve 125 and the orifice 128 acting as a throttling (expansion) are integrated.

7 is a view schematically showing the first expansion means, in which a flow passage 126 through which refrigerant flows is formed inside the on-off valve 125 and a valve member 127 is provided to open and close the flow passage 126 It is installed.

At this time, an orifice 128 for expanding the refrigerant is formed on the valve member 127.

A solenoid 129 for opening and closing the valve member 127 is installed on one side of the on-off valve 125.

Therefore, when the valve member 127 of the first expansion means 120 opens the flow path 126, the refrigerant passing through the first expansion means 120 passes without being inflated, and the first expansion means When the valve member 127 of the valve member 127 closes the flow path 126, the refrigerant passing through the first expansion means 120 is expanded and passes through the orifice 128 on the valve member 127 .

In addition, the first expansion means (120) may use an electronic expansion valve in addition to the structure described above.

The second expansion means 140 is installed on the inlet side refrigerant circulation line R of the evaporator 160 and expands the refrigerant supplied to the evaporator 160 in the air conditioning mode.

That is, the second expansion means 140 expands the refrigerant discharged from the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger 130 in the air-conditioning mode to a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid (frothed) state, .

As the second expansion means 140, various expansion valves such as a mechanical expansion valve (not shown) or an electronic expansion valve (not shown) may be used.

The refrigerant bypass line R1 is installed in parallel with the refrigerant circulation line R so that the refrigerant discharged from the refrigerant-cooling water heat exchanger 130 flows through the second expansion means 140 and the evaporator 160).

That is, the refrigerant bypass line R1 is provided to connect the inlet-side refrigerant circulation line R of the second expansion means 140 and the outlet-side refrigerant circulation line R of the evaporator 160, The refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circulation line R bypasses the second expansion means 140 and the evaporator 160.

As shown in the figure, the refrigerant bypass line (R1) is arranged in parallel with the second expansion means (140) and the evaporator (160).

A refrigerant direction switching valve 180 is provided at a branch point between the refrigerant bypass line R 1 and the refrigerant circulation line R to switch the flow direction of the refrigerant according to an air conditioning mode or a heat pump mode.

That is, the refrigerant direction switching valve 180 is a three-way valve. In the air conditioning mode, the refrigerant bypass line R1 is closed and the refrigerant circulation line R is opened. In the heat pump mode, The line R1 is opened and the refrigerant circulation line R is closed. In the dehumidification mode, both the refrigerant bypass line R1 and the refrigerant circulation line R are opened.

In the air conditioner mode, the refrigerant passing through the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger 130 flows to the second expansion means 140 and the evaporator 160. In the heat pump mode (during the heating mode) The refrigerant that has passed through the refrigerant-cooling water heat exchanger 130 flows directly to the compressor 100 side through the refrigerant bypass line R 1 and bypasses the second expansion means 140 and the evaporator 160.

The refrigerant-cooling water heat exchanger 130 is disposed outside the air conditioning case 150 and is connected to the refrigerant circulation line R. That is, the refrigerant-cooling water heat exchanger 130 is connected to the refrigerant circulation line at the outlet side of the first expansion means R to exchange heat between the cooling water circulating through the fuel cell stack 200 of the vehicle and the refrigerant at the outlet side of the first expansion means.

In order to supply the cooling water circulating through the fuel cell stack 200 to the coolant-coolant heat exchanger 130 side, a coolant circulation cycle for connecting the fuel cell stack 200 and the coolant-coolant heat exchanger 130 Line W is installed.

The refrigerant-cooling water heat exchanger 130 includes a refrigerant heat exchanger 131 connected to the refrigerant circulation line R at the outlet side of the first expansion device 120 to flow the refrigerant, And a first cooling water heat exchanging unit 132 connected to the cooling water circulation line W of the first cooling water heat exchanging unit 132 to flow the cooling water, .

The auxiliary cooling water circulation line W5 circulates the cooling water to the vehicle electrical equipment 300 to cool the vehicle electrical component 300. The auxiliary cooling water circulation line W5 is connected to the auxiliary cooling water circulation line W5, And a second cooling water heat exchanging unit 133 connected to the second cooling water heat exchanging unit 133 to exchange heat between the refrigerant of the refrigerant heat exchanging unit 131 and the cooling water of the second cooling water heat exchanging unit 133.

In other words, the refrigerant-cooling water heat exchanger 130 includes a refrigerant heat exchanger 131, a first cooling water heat exchanger 132 and a second cooling water heat exchanger 133 integrally, The refrigerant and the cooling water exchange heat with each other.

In other words, the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger 130 may have various structures. For example, the coolant-coolant heat exchanger 130 may be configured as a plate-type heat exchanger in which coolant channels and coolant channels are alternately stacked, The first cooling water heat exchanging part 132 and the second cooling water heat exchanging part 133 constitute the lower cooling water flow paths and the refrigerant flow paths disposed between the cooling water flow paths of the first and second cooling water heat exchanging parts 132, And a refrigerant heat exchanger (131).

Therefore, the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant heat exchanging unit 131 exchanges heat with the cooling water flowing through the first cooling water heat exchanging unit 132 and the cooling water flowing through the second cooling water heat exchanging unit 133, respectively.

The refrigerant heat exchanger 131 of the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger 130 functions as the same condenser as the indoor heat exchanger 110 in the air conditioning mode. In the heat pump mode (in the heating mode) And serves as an evaporator opposite to the heat exchanger 110.

In addition, since the waste heat is recovered from the cooling water circulating the fuel cell stack 200 and the vehicle electrical equipment 300 in the heat pump mode through the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger 130, the heating performance can be improved, It is possible to operate the heat pump mode even when the temperature is low.

The cooling water circulation line W includes a first radiator 210 for cooling the heated cooling water while passing through the fuel cell stack 200 and a second radiator 210 for circulating the cooling water along the cooling water circulation line W. [ A water pump P1 and a cooling water bypass line W3 for allowing cooling water circulating through the cooling water circulation line W to bypass the fuel cell stack 200 and a cooling water bypass line W2 for bypassing the cooling water circulation line W, And a cooling water direction switching valve 230 provided at a branch point of the pass line W3 for switching the flow direction of the cooling water.

The cooling water circulation line W includes a first cooling water circulation line W1 for bifurcating the cooling water discharged from the first water pump P1 to flow to the first cooling water heat exchange unit 132, And a second cooling water circulation line (W2) for allowing the first cooling water to flow to the first radiator (210).

At this time, the cooling water bypass line (W3) is provided in parallel on the second cooling water circulation line (W2) side, and the first and second cooling water circulation lines (W1, W2) (W3) is joined again by the cooling water direction switching valve (230).

Therefore, some of the cooling water discharged from the first water pump P1 flows to the first cooling water heat exchanger 132 through the first cooling water circulation line W1, and some cooling water flows through the second cooling water circulation line Flows into the first radiator 210 through the first water pump P1 and then flows into the first radiator 210 through the second water pipe W2.

In the above process, the cooling water flowing through the second cooling water circulation line W2 is heated while passing through the fuel cell stack 200, and the entire cooling water circulating through the cooling water circulation line W The temperature rises.

Cooling water (waste heat) circulated in the fuel cell stack 200 is supplied to the coolant-coolant heat exchanger 130 to heat-exchange the coolant with the coolant, thereby improving the heating performance. In addition, The waste heat of the fuel cell stack 200 can be utilized.

When the temperature of the fuel cell stack 200 is low, the cooling water flowing through the second cooling water circulation line W2 bypasses the first radiator 210 through the cooling water bypass line W3 When the temperature of the fuel cell stack 200 is high, the cooling water flowing in the second cooling water circulation line W2 flows to the first radiator 210, and the temperature of the cooling water So that the fuel cell stack 200 is cooled.

Meanwhile, an ion filter 240 may be further installed in the first cooling water circulation line W1.

The auxiliary cooling water circulation line W5 includes a second radiator 310 for cooling the cooling water heated while passing through the vehicle electrical equipment 300 and a second radiator 310 for circulating the cooling water along the auxiliary cooling water circulation line W5 2 water pump P2 is installed.

Accordingly, the cooling water discharged from the second water pump P2 is heated while passing through the electric component 300, and the heated cooling water is supplied to the refrigerant-cooling water heat exchanger 130 to perform heat exchange with the refrigerant, And the waste heat of the electrical component 300 can be utilized in the heat pump mode and the air conditioner mode.

On the other hand, cooling water circulating in the auxiliary cooling water circulation line W5 is cooled by heat exchange with air while flowing through the second radiator 310, thereby cooling the electric component 300. [

The vehicle electrical equipment 300 is typically a motor, an inverter, a power distributor, or the like.

The air conditioning case 150 is connected to the cooling water circulation line W in parallel and is connected to the air-cooling water circulation line 150 for exchanging the air in the air conditioning case 150 and the cooling water circulating through the fuel cell stack 200. [ A heat exchanger 115 is installed.

The cooling water circulation line W and the air-cooling water heat exchanger 115 are connected to a cooling water connection line W4. The cooling water connection line W4 is connected to the fuel cell stack 200, And is connected to a cooling water circulation line (W) between the cooling water heat exchangers (130).

Therefore, the cooling water circulating in the cooling water circulation line W is heated by the fuel cell stack 200, and the heated cooling water is supplied to the air-cooling water heat exchanger 115 to improve the heating performance And the heated cooling water is heat-exchanged with the air in the air conditioning case 150 in the course of passing through the air-cooling water heat exchanger 115, and is cooled.

The cooling water circulating in the cooling water circulation line W flows first from the front end of the refrigerant-cooling water heat exchanger 130 to the air-cooling water heat exchanger 115 so that the air-cooling water heat exchanger 115 So that the heating performance can be further improved.

In addition, in the heat pump system, the cooling water of the fuel cell stack 200 is configured to be heat-exchanged with the air-cooling water heat exchanger 115 as well as condensed in the refrigerant-cooling water heat exchanger 130, Cooling heat exchanger 115 replaces the existing PTC heater by utilizing the high waste heat of the air-cooling water heat exchanger 200, and the power consumption is reduced because the PTC heater is replaced with the PTC heater.

The air-cooling water heat exchanger 115 is installed in the air conditioning case 150 on the downstream side of the indoor heat exchanger 110.

An accumulator 170 is installed on the refrigerant circulation line R on the inlet side of the compressor 100.

The accumulator 170 separates the liquid refrigerant and the gaseous refrigerant from the refrigerant supplied to the compressor 100 so that only the gaseous refrigerant can be supplied to the compressor 100.

Hereinafter, the operation of the vehicle heat pump system according to the present invention will be described.

end. Air conditioning mode (cooling mode) (Fig. 2)

In the air conditioning mode (cooling mode), as shown in FIG. 2, the first expansion means 120 is unexpanded and the second expansion means 140 is expanded, The refrigerant bypass line (R1) is closed by the refrigerant line (180).

The first water pump P1 is operated and cooling water circulating in the cooling water circulation line W flows through the fuel cell stack 200 and the air- The second water pump P2 is activated and the cooling water circulating through the auxiliary cooling water circulation line W5 is circulated through the electric component 300 and the refrigerant- And the second cooling water heat exchanger 133 of the heat exchanger 130 is circulated.

On the other hand, at the time of maximum cooling, the temperature control door 151 in the air conditioning case 150 is operated to close the passage through the indoor heat exchanger 110, so that the air blown into the air conditioning case 150 by the blower Is cooled while passing through the evaporator (160), and is then supplied to the interior of the vehicle by bypassing the indoor heat exchanger (110), thereby cooling the interior of the vehicle.

Next, the refrigerant circulation process will be described.

The high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged from the compressor 100 after being compressed is supplied to the indoor heat exchanger 110 installed in the air conditioning case 150.

The refrigerant supplied to the indoor heat exchanger 110 flows through the first expansion means 120 without heat exchange with the air because the temperature control door 151 closes the passage on the side of the indoor heat exchanger 110 as shown in FIG. Cooling water heat exchanger 130 side.

The refrigerant flowing into the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger 130 undergoes heat exchange with the cooling water flowing through the first cooling water heat exchanging part 132 and the second cooling water heat exchanging part 133 while passing through the refrigerant heat exchanging part 131, Cooling).

Subsequently, the refrigerant discharged to the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger 130 is decompressed and expanded as it passes through the second expansion means 140 to be a low-temperature low-pressure liquid-phase refrigerant, and then flows into the evaporator 160.

The refrigerant flowing into the evaporator 160 is heat-exchanged with the air blown into the air conditioning case 150 through the blower to evaporate, and at the same time, the air is cooled by an endothermic effect due to the latent heat of evaporation of the refrigerant. And supplied to the vehicle interior to be cooled.

Then, the refrigerant discharged from the evaporator 160 flows into the compressor 100 and recycles the cycle as described above.

I. The heating mode of the heat pump mode (Fig. 2)

In the heating mode of the heat pump mode, as shown in FIG. 2, the first expansion means 120 performs an expansion action, the second expansion means 140 is closed, The bypass line R1 is opened.

The first water pump P1 is activated and cooling water circulating in the cooling water circulation line W flows through the fuel cell stack 200 and the air-cooling water heat exchanger 115 and the coolant-coolant water heat exchanger The second water pump P2 is activated and the cooling water circulating through the auxiliary cooling water circulation line W5 is circulated through the electric component 300 and the refrigerant- And the second cooling water heat exchanger 133 of the heat exchanger 130 is circulated.

In the maximum heating mode, the temperature control door 151 in the air conditioning case 150 is operated to close the passage bypassing the indoor heat exchanger 110, so that the air blown into the air conditioning case 150 by the blower Passes through the evaporator 160 (operation stop), passes through the indoor heat exchanger 110 and the air-cooling water heat exchanger 115, and is converted into hot air to be supplied to the interior of the vehicle, thereby heating the interior of the vehicle.

Next, the refrigerant circulation process will be described.

The high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged from the compressor 100 after being compressed is introduced into the indoor heat exchanger 110 installed inside the air conditioning case 150.

The high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant introduced into the indoor heat exchanger 110 is condensed while exchanging heat with the air blown into the air conditioning case 150 through the blower. At this time, air passing through the indoor heat exchanger 110 Cooled air heat exchanger 115, is heated again, and then supplied to the interior of the vehicle to heat the interior of the vehicle.

Subsequently, the refrigerant discharged from the indoor heat exchanger 110 passes through the first expansion means 120. At this time, the refrigerant is decompressed and expanded in the process of passing through the orifice 128 of the first expansion means 120, Pressure liquid refrigerant, and then supplied to the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger 130 serving as an evaporator.

The refrigerant flowing into the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger 130 is heat-exchanged with the cooling water flowing through the first cooling water heat exchanging part 132 and the second cooling water heat exchanging part 133 while being passed through the refrigerant heat exchanging part 131 to be evaporated .

The refrigerant discharged from the refrigerant-cooling water heat exchanger 130 bypasses the second expansion means 140 and the evaporator 160 through the refrigerant bypass line R1, And recycle the cycle as described above.

All. The dehumidifying heating mode of the heat pump mode (Fig. 4)

The dehumidifying heating mode of the heat pump mode is operated when dehumidification of the passenger compartment is required while the vehicle is operating in the heating mode of the heat pump mode of Fig.

In the dehumidifying heating mode, the mode is switched to the air conditioning mode to perform dehumidification in the passenger compartment, and heating is performed through the indoor heat exchanger 110 and the air-cooling water heat exchanger 115.

In the dehumidification heating mode, the temperature control door 151 in the air conditioning case 150 is operated to close the passage bypassing the indoor heat exchanger 110, so that the air blown into the air conditioning case 150 by the blower Cooled by passing through the evaporator 160 and then is converted into warm air while passing through the indoor heat exchanger 110 and the air-cooling water heat exchanger 115 and is supplied to the interior of the vehicle, thereby heating the interior of the vehicle.

Next, the refrigerant circulation process will be described.

The high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged from the compressor 100 after being compressed is supplied to the indoor heat exchanger 110 installed in the air conditioning case 150.

The high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant supplied to the indoor heat exchanger 110 is condensed while exchanging heat with the air blown into the air conditioning case 150 through the blower. At this time, air passing through the indoor heat exchanger 110 Cooled air heat exchanger 115, is heated again, and then supplied to the interior of the vehicle to heat the interior of the vehicle.

Then, the refrigerant passes through the first expansion means (120) and flows toward the refrigerant-cooling water heat exchanger (130) side.

The refrigerant flowing into the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger 130 undergoes heat exchange with the cooling water flowing through the first cooling water heat exchanging part 132 and the second cooling water heat exchanging part 133 while passing through the refrigerant heat exchanging part 131, Cooling).

Subsequently, the refrigerant discharged to the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger 130 is decompressed and expanded as it passes through the second expansion means 140 to be a low-temperature low-pressure liquid-phase refrigerant, and then flows into the evaporator 160.

The refrigerant flowing into the evaporator 160 is heat-exchanged with the air blown into the air conditioning case 150 through the blower, and the air passing through the evaporator 160 is dehumidified, The dehumidified air passing through the evaporator 160 passes through the indoor heat exchanger 110 and the air-cooling water heat exchanger 115 and is converted into warm air and then supplied to the vehicle interior to be dehumidified.

Then, the refrigerant discharged from the evaporator 160 flows into the compressor 100 and recycles the cycle as described above.

100: compressor 110: indoor heat exchanger
115: air-cooling water heat exchanger
120: first expansion means 130: refrigerant-cooling water heat exchanger
131: refrigerant heat exchanger 132: first cooling water heat exchanger
133: second cooling water heat exchanger
140: second expansion means
150: air conditioning case 151: temperature control door
160: Evaporator 170: Accumulator
180: Refrigerant direction switching valve
200: fuel cell stack 210: first radiator
230: Cooling water direction switching valve
300: Electrical equipment 310: Second radiator
P1: first water pump P2: second water pump
R: Refrigerant circulation line R1: Refrigerant bypass line
W: Cooling water circulation line W1: Cooling water bypass line
W2: Cooling water connection line W3: Auxiliary cooling water circulation line

Claims (9)

A compressor 100 installed on the refrigerant circulation line R for compressing and discharging the refrigerant,
An indoor heat exchanger 110 installed in the air conditioning case 150 to exchange heat between the air in the air conditioning case 150 and the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 100,
An evaporator 160 installed inside the air conditioning case 150 for exchanging heat between the air in the air conditioning case 150 and the refrigerant supplied to the compressor 100,
A first expansion means (120) installed at an outlet side refrigerant circulation line (R) of the indoor heat exchanger (110) for expanding the refrigerant discharged from the indoor heat exchanger (110)
And a second expansion means (140) installed in an inlet side refrigerant circulation line (R) of the evaporator (160) for expanding a refrigerant supplied to the evaporator (160) in an air conditioning mode,
Cooling water circulating through the fuel cell stack 200 of the vehicle and the refrigerant of the outlet side of the first expansion device 120 are stored in the refrigerant circulation line R of the outlet side of the first expansion device 120, A heat exchanger 130 is installed,
A coolant circulation line W for connecting the fuel cell stack 200 and the coolant-coolant heat exchanger 130 is installed,
An air-cooling water heat exchanger (not shown) connected in parallel to the cooling water circulation line (W) for exchanging the air in the air conditioning case (150) with the cooling water circulating the fuel cell stack (115)
The refrigerant-cooling water heat exchanger (130)
A refrigerant heat exchanger 131 connected to the refrigerant circulation line R at the outlet side of the first expansion means 120 to flow the refrigerant,
And a first cooling water heat exchanger 132 connected to the cooling water circulation line W of the fuel cell stack 200 to flow the cooling water,
Exchanges heat between the refrigerant in the refrigerant heat exchanger 131 and the cooling water in the first cooling water heat exchanger 132,
An auxiliary cooling water circulation line W5 for circulating the cooling water to the vehicle electrical component 300 side to cool the vehicle electrical component 300 is provided,
The refrigerant-cooling water heat exchanger 130 further includes a second cooling water heat exchanger 133 connected to the auxiliary cooling water circulation line W5. The refrigerant- The cooling water of the cooling unit 133 is heat-
In the heating mode,
The cooling water circulating in the cooling water circulation line W is heated by the fuel cell stack 200 and supplied to the air-cooling water heat exchanger 115 to be heat-exchanged in the air conditioning case 150,
The gaseous refrigerant of high temperature and high pressure discharged after being compressed by the compressor 100 flows into the indoor heat exchanger 110 installed inside the air conditioner case 150 and is heat exchanged with the air blown into the air conditioner case 150 The heat pump system comprising: The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the air-cooling water heat exchanger (115) is installed on the downstream side of the indoor heat exchanger (110) in the air conditioning case (150). delete delete The method according to claim 1,
The cooling water circulation line (W) and the air-cooling water heat exchanger (115) are connected to a cooling water connection line (W4)
Wherein the cooling water connection line W4 is connected to a cooling water circulation line W between the fuel cell stack 200 and the refrigerant-cooling water heat exchanger 130. [ The method according to claim 1,
The cooling water circulation line W includes a first radiator 210 for cooling the heated cooling water while passing through the fuel cell stack 200 and a first water pump 210 for circulating cooling water along the cooling water circulation line W. [ A cooling water bypass line W3 for allowing cooling water circulating through the cooling water circulation line W to bypass the fuel cell stack 200 and a cooling water bypass line W2 for bypassing the cooling water circulation line W, And a cooling water direction switching valve (230) provided at a branch point of the cooling water (W3) for switching the flow direction of the cooling water. The method according to claim 1,
The auxiliary cooling water circulation line W5 includes a second radiator 310 for cooling the cooling water heated while passing through the vehicle electrical equipment 300 and a second radiator 310 for circulating the cooling water along the auxiliary cooling water circulation line W5. And a pump (P2) is installed. The method according to claim 1,
The refrigerant bypass line R1 is connected to the refrigerant circulation line R in parallel so that the refrigerant discharged from the refrigerant-cooling water heat exchanger 130 bypasses the second expansion means 140 and the evaporator 160 Installed,
Wherein a refrigerant direction switching valve (180) for switching the flow direction of the refrigerant is provided at a branch point between the refrigerant bypass line (R1) and the refrigerant circulation line (R). The method according to claim 1,
The first expansion means 120 includes an on-off valve 125 installed on the refrigerant circulation line R to turn on and off a refrigerant flow, Orifice 128,
Wherein the refrigerant flows in an unexpanded state when the on-off valve (125) is opened, and the refrigerant expands through the orifice (128) when the on-off valve (125) is closed.

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