KR20110138196A - Sliding bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A sliding bearing is provided to ensure superior bearing performance because of uniform physical properties of a bearing metal layer and to prevent cavitation as well as maintaining friction lubricating characteristic. CONSTITUTION: A sliding bearing(1) comprises a support layer(3) which is formed of joined segments(5) in a half-shell shape(2) and has a connection part(6) between the segments, and a bearing metal layer and a sliding layer(4) which are composed of segments. An additional layer is arranged between the sliding layer, the bearing metal layer, and the support layer, or the rear side of the support layer.

Description

Sliding Bearings {SLIDING BEARING}

The present invention relates to a half shell type sliding bearing comprising a support layer, a bearing metal layer and / or a sliding layer, a method of manufacturing the sliding bearing, and a use of the sliding bearing, wherein the supporting layer is a flat substrate to a sliding bearing half shell. Molded and at least one layer is further attached on the support layer.

In particular with respect to the strength and friction lubricating properties of the sliding bearings, in the prior art, in order to meet the partially required but various required requirements, the bearing metal layer and / or sliding layer is also attached on the steel support shell in the prior art. In other words, the sliding characteristics are generally determined by the bearing metal layer and / or the sliding layer, and the strength characteristics are generally determined by the supporting layer.

In order to prevent fine wear, to achieve a desired bearing contour, and to form a stable layer, the bearing circumferential length compared to the bearing mounts is pressed during machining so that a sufficiently high level of tension is achieved. This is geometrically achieved by an expansion on the bearing mount and mainly by the so-called bearing protrusion.

By increasing the stress, this tension is increased by the overlap of thermal expansion and dynamic wave loads in modern motors. This results in plastic and pseudo-elastic effects resulting in deformation of the bearing shell shape, as well as in conventionally used steel shell materials as well as sliding metal bearing metals or alloys. The deformation of the bearing shell shape ultimately results in the loss of the extension on the one hand and reduction of the bearing protrusion on the other. As a result, the bearing no longer remains stable, which causes micromigration to cause fine wear or even skid bearing half cells or bearings.

To solve this problem, theoretically, steel with greater dimensional stability can be used. However, the use of steel with high dimensional stability has the disadvantage that there is a limitation in using conventional methods such as roll joining or composite casting to produce a sliding bearing composite due to greater deformation resistance. In particular, in roll joining, a joining technique of particular interest in terms of economics, the molding force required to mold the material becomes large and there are dimensional constraints. In the case of composite castings, too steep cooling conditions during centrifugal casting of large parts adversely affect the steel structure, resulting in very difficult or no longer economical ways to form the steel structure.

It is known from the prior art that by exploding cladding on the steel support layer, the bearing metal can be attached on the steel support layer for the sliding bearing with increased bearing width. However, this is too expensive, which means that it is very difficult to economically mass produce in this way. This method also limits the width of the sandwich that can be utilized to the maximum.

In order to satisfy various specifications regarding loading capacity and embedding ability, in GB 549 433 A, hard bearing metal sections are provided for each specific area of the half shell under maximum load, Sliding bearings for combustion engines have been proposed in which soft bearing metal sections have bearing half shells in which individual sections having different material properties are continuous in the circumferential direction, with good adjustability and good embedding properties.

For this same purpose, in WO 2009/059344 A2 by the applicant of the present application, one part running layer ensures the embedding ability to effectively bury dust particles, and another part running layer provides the abrasion resistance and resistance of the sliding bearing. In order to ensure the load capacity, a supporting layer is disclosed, to which two partial running layers are attached.

Because of the different mechanical and friction lubrication specifications required for the lower sliding bearing half shell and the upper sliding bearing half shell and the different loads to be applied, two different sliding bearing half shells are typically used in the sliding bearing.

Generally for lower sliding bearing half shells, a stronger bearing material is used than the upper sliding bearing half shells. If the lubrication gap shape of such a sliding bearing is not constant over the bearing circumference at the starting stage or at the stage of changing load, in the case of hydrodynamic sliding bearing, in the loading stage of the sliding bearing, the lower sliding bearing half shell Because of the need for better friction lubrication properties than the upper sliding bearing half shells in the bearing material region, a bearing material which is stronger for the lower sliding bearing half shells in particular than the upper sliding bearing half shells should be used. In this case, it is known to weld the sliding bearing half shells together to form a bearing bush, as disclosed in DE 24 39 096 A, for example. In this case, a bearing material is attached on the flat steel strip, the sandwich is pressed into a sliding bearing half shell, and then the two sliding bearing half shells are joined to each other by electronic welding.

DD 42 189 B also discloses a bearing bush similar to that disclosed in DE 24 39 096 A, which consists of two half shells, which are welded or brazed and are loaded. Higher grade bearing materials are used for the half shells with higher loads than with the lesser upper half shells.

The underlying object of the present invention is to provide an improved sliding bearing for use in a combustion engine.

The object of the present invention is achieved by the above-described half shell type sliding bearing, the method of manufacturing the sliding bearing half shell, and the use of the sliding bearing half shell, respectively. In the sliding bearing of the present invention, the support layer consists of a plurality of segments joined to each other, and a connection region is formed between the segments. According to the method of the invention, the support layer consists of a plurality of segments, which segments can be joined by material joining and / or type joining and / or press fit connection, the sliding bearing being the driving line of the automobile Used for

In terms of productivity and economics, imparting a support layer on a plurality of individual segments that will later be joined to each other requires, on the one hand, several production steps, and on the other hand, the joining of the individual segments, in particular by welding the segments. The fact that the bonding is not complete at the time of joining, and that the heat introduced into the joining area can cause structural changes, especially when the support layers are thick, a complete surface connection in the end face area between the individual segments is problematic. This is a problem compared to conventional sliding bearing half shells. Nevertheless, the advantages obtained by the new type of sliding bearing are greater than these disadvantages. Also in this way, it is possible to produce slide bearing half shells of greater width. Within the scope of the present invention, a wide sliding bearing half shell is defined as a half shell in which the ratio of total wall thickness to width is at least 1:10, in particular at least 1:20 or at least 1:25. Thus, since the size of the individual segments is small, existing equipment can be used to place the bearing metal layer or the sliding layer on the support layer, so that the production workers of the sliding bearing half shells can be largely slipped without complicated operation of the mass production equipment. Bearing half shells can be produced. In particular, according to this method, the roll joining method is continuously used for the large sliding bearing half shells as described above, since the molding force required for the individual segments can be reduced as compared to the continuous support layer having the sliding bearing of the same size. Can be. Particularly in the case of individual segments it is not necessary to form at least an almost perfect semicircle. In addition to the economically advantageous roll bonding method for producing sliding bearing half shells, other coating methods such as PVD, CVD, etc. can also be used. This prevents complex shapes that may appear during the deposition of large sliding bearing half shells, such as shading, where a coating chamber of known shape, such as a sputtering apparatus, can be used for mass production of large sliding bearing half shells. It is particularly advantageous that individual segments can be produced in which the layer thickness of the layer to which it is attached is controlled with high precision. In addition, other materials may be combined to form a support layer. This makes it easy to adjust to the specifications of the sliding bearing half shells, as well as utilizing new property profiles that are not yet known for sliding bearing half shells. In addition to being able to achieve large bearing widths, the proposed sliding or sliding bearing manufacturing method allows the use of less energy than the final sliding bearing half shell in forming certain segments. As such, a large layer thickness of, for example, at least 10 mm, in particular at least 15 mm, preferably at least 30 mm, can be easily obtained for the support layer. In this way, the width of the supporting layer strips stored as semi-finished products can be made more economically, so that bearings can be maintained more economically.

The bearing metal layer and / or the sliding layer may consist of a plurality of segments, and at least one additional layer to which it is attached may also consist of a plurality of segments. By doing so, the sliding bearings are configured in the form of "patchwork bearings" so that the specific materials can be used in a specific way for areas of differing load in the sliding bearing half shell, thus providing a wide variety of requirements for sliding bearings. You can adjust it better according to the specification. In addition, by more effectively distributing the material properties in the segments of the sliding bearings, for example, the adhesiveness of the individual layers can be improved. However, in this case, a sliding bearing half shell made of various materials is difficult to manufacture by conventional methods due to the incompatibility of the materials.

At least one additional layer can be arranged between the sliding layer and the bearing metal layer or between the bearing metal layer and the support layer or above the back of the support layer. In this case, all the layers of the sliding bearing half shell consist of a plurality of segments, so that in this embodiment, the connection area between the individual segments is from the surface of the sliding layer to the rear layer of the supporting layer or an additional layer disposed thereon. It extends continuously. Before the individual segments of the sliding bearing half shell are joined to form the final sliding bearing half shell, all the individual segments of the sliding bearing half shell may be manufactured. In the final production stage, individual segments can be joined or fine boring the surface as is known in the art. By storing individual prefabricated segments, it is possible to fabricate sliding bearings by assembling segments of various material properties stored in a relatively short time, thereby simplifying mass production of sliding bearing half shells.

As described above, in a preferred embodiment, at least one segment of the support layer or the bearing metal layer or the sliding layer or at least one additional layer is made of a material having different physical properties from those of the other segments of the same layer. Accordingly, new physical properties that are not known for the conventional sliding bearing half shells can be combined with the physical properties in the sliding bearing half shell.

In particular, said other physical property is the internal stress and / or hardness of the segments. Thus, the sliding bearing half shell can be more efficiently adjusted for use in new types of high pressure combustion engines under heavy loads or in special bearing areas requiring special specifications of the mechanical load resistance of the sliding bearing half shell. On the other hand, by using different internal stress profiles for the individual segments, it is possible to maintain the above-mentioned extension or bearing protrusion of the sliding bearing over a long period of time, thereby preventing the attrition problems in the rear region of the sliding bearing half shell. As a result, the life of the sliding bearing is increased. By using materials of various physical properties, it becomes easier to control the cavitation-trending points in the bearing, in particular in the oil supply lines, ie in the line with the oil bore for lubricating the running surface area.

With regard to the internal stress, it should be noted that by forming the flat strip into a sliding bearing half shell, tensile stress builds up on the rear of the bearing and compressive stress builds up inside the sliding bearing. Typically this tension is even. However, after further molding, such as fine boring of the sliding surface after shaping the sliding bearing half shell, tensile stresses predominantly exist in the final sliding bearing, whereby the sliding bearing tends to deform further inward, There is a risk that the sliding bearings "collapse". As a result, the positioning of the sliding bearing half shell in the bearing mounting portion becomes poor. As the sliding bearing half shells consist of a plurality of segments according to the invention, these can be effectively improved, ie the internal stress profile of the sliding bearing half shell can be improved.

For more effective control over the various specifications required for the sliding bearing half shell, at least one segment of at least a support layer or bearing metal layer or a sliding layer or at least one additional layer is a component of the material that forms another segment of the same layer. It can be made of a material of different ingredients. By doing so, in accordance with the technical specifications required for large two-stroke and four-stroke combustion engines in medium-sized combustion engines, the operators of the combustion engines are primarily concerned with the environment, such as high ignition pressures, high operating temperatures, alternative fuels and The sliding bearing can be adjusted more efficiently, by reducing the amount of exhaust gas and driving more efficiently, such as lubricant, longer maintenance intervals, which cannot be achieved by current sliding bearings according to the prior art. Unlike alternative approaches to this problem, namely optimization of the alloys used, the advantage of the present invention is that alloys which are known and proven effective can continue to be used. That is, a specific alloy can be used in the stressed part of the bearing. By means of a series of sliding bearings, smaller bearing segments make production easier, and steels of ordinary composition can be used and combined, forming the bearings with the greatest stress in the working state. High-strength shell fragments may be used in the compartment area of the two sliding bearing half shells. Similarly, in terms of deformation techniques, it is possible to increase the strength of the segments without compromising the physical properties of the segments.

In a preferred embodiment of the sliding bearing half shell, in order to be able to improve the mechanical properties of the sliding bearing when different stresses are applied in different angular areas of the sliding bearing half shell, at least the segments of the supporting layer are arranged in the circumferential direction of the half shell. Are placed next to each other.

The segments can be joined in particular by material joining and / or mold joining and / or press fit connection. In particular, in the present invention, a material bonding method is preferable. This is because, in terms of the technical process, this method requires less labor than type splice connections or press fit connections. Type junction connections or pressure fit joints are tier caused by brittle, intermetallic phases in which heat is introduced into the material junction connections to form brittle, complex crystals that can lead to breakage of the sliding bearing half shell in the connection region. It is advantageous to apply when the situation in which fatigue strength of the entire sliding bearing half shell is reduced by (tear) is expected.

Segments can overlap partially and can be placed adjacent to each other without forming a graduation. Thus, a large area surface can be utilized to form the connection in the connection area. In addition, in the case of the material joint connection of the individual segments, the welded seams are arranged to be slightly offset in the radial direction of the sliding bearing half shell in the front and rear regions of the segments, so as to relate heat introduction into the segments or the support layer in the connection region. Less adversely the material bonding process can be carried out.

The connection area or connection areas can be arranged obliquely in the circumferential direction of the half shell, so that a "slip" transition from one segment to the neighboring segment can be formed in the circumferential direction, thus the mechanical load resistance of the sliding bearing half shell (loadability) can be increased.

In the sliding bearing half shell, further improvement of the adhesion strength of the layers in the high load region, for example, in order to meet various mechanical and friction lubrication requirements in various areas of the half shell, or especially in terms of friction lubrication In order to form an additional running layer on the sliding layer in the region of the sliding bearing half shell, at least two segments of the half shell may have different layers of layers disposed on top of each other.

In this case, even if layers of different layers are arranged on top of each other, it is advantageous that the total layer thickness of the half shell in the radial direction is at least approximately constant. This is because a better lubrication gap shape design can be made by doing so.

However, the overall layer thickness of at least two segments of the half shell may be different so that it may be advantageous to form a "grooved bearing" shape as is known in the art. Depending on the arrangement of the segments in the sliding bearing half shell, ie when the segments are arranged next to each other in the circumferential direction or in the radial direction, it is especially designed so that the layer thickness of the center of the sliding bearing half shells in the circumferential direction is small. When a kind of groove is formed which guides the oil, the oil supply can be improved.

At least one of the segments of the support layer may comprise sections or a plurality of segments of the bearing metal layer and / or the sliding layer, thereby significantly increasing the production cost of the sliding bearing half shell. However, the internal stress paths of the segments of the support layer are dispersed into sections or a plurality of segments of the bearing metal layer or the sliding layer, while on the one hand, the wear resistance characteristics on the rear of the support layer are improved by the internal stress profile present. On the other hand, the friction lubrication characteristics of the sliding bearings can be improved. This is because the internal stress path is not completely transmitted to the individual segments of the additional layer disposed on the support layer in the direction of the part being supported.

In a preferred embodiment, the connection area between the two segments is made of the same material as the segments, so that no additional material is required for material joint connection of the segments, so that the continuity of the properties of the individual segments within the connection area To be excellent. This means that sudden changes in physical properties in the connection region can be prevented more effectively.

According to one embodiment of the method of the invention, at least one additional layer is attached before joining the segments of the support layer to each other. Thus, the segments are manufactured before joining the segments together to form a layered structure, which may lead to problems during the connection of the individual segments by material bonding, which causes heat to melt and the upper layers to melt, resulting in sliding bearing half shells. The mixed phases are formed in the radial direction of, so that the connection region can be weakened. However, as described above, in embodiments in which the sliding bearing half shell is a "patchwork bearing", it is only necessary to join and join the prefabricated segments according to the specifications for the sliding bearing. There is an advantage that the mass production of the sliding bearing half shells is simplified.

Forming the segments into a sliding bearing half shell can be performed after attaching at least one additional layer. In other words, this means that at least one additional layer is attached on top of the planar, flat support layer, for example, so that the layer quality itself can be improved by eliminating the need for complicated movement patterns to sputter or PVD coated sliding bearing half shells. This means that the coating itself is simplified. Larger layer thicknesses may be imparted to the individual layers, thereby increasing the service life of the sliding bearing half shell as a whole. In addition, in the case of flat substrates, shearing or cutting can be used which is advantageous for shaping the bearing strips to dimension prior to shell molding. In the case of using a flat substrate, there is an advantage that better heat guidance is achieved so that loss of hardness in the area of the layers can be more effectively prevented.

In this case, if the joining of the segments of the support layer is made before shaping into the sliding bearing half shell, it may be more advantageous, since the stresses generated during the deformation process extend into the connection area, with little or no sharp transition of physical properties between the segments.

Preferably, the segments of the support layer are joined by laser welding. In laser welding, heat transfer is limited to the segments to be joined so that heat is transmitted only to a narrow, small area when viewed in the circumferential direction of the sliding bearing half shell, so that a gradual change in physical properties, especially in the circumferential direction, can be achieved. By reducing the effects of heat, for example, cold-hardened, rolled bonded aluminum alloys do not lose hardness in the connection area. This is particularly advantageous when manufacturing thick sliding bearing half shells. However, significantly different manufacturing method-determined states of residual stresses caused by roll joining or casting of at least one additional layer in conjunction with bearing segments, which produce unacceptable tolerances, can be very effectively controlled. As a result, undesired significant changes in the extension with protrusions are more effectively prevented, which in any case reduces the tendency of the sliding bearings to break. As is commonly used in the prior art, pretreatment to reduce the residual tension state can not be a measure. This is especially because the hardness of the bearing metal is lost.

In this case, it is advantageous to make the beam intensity of the laser beam at least 2 MW / cm 2, in particular at least 3 MW / cm 2. By doing so, energy can be applied up to the deepest layer of the individual segments, so that the quality of the connection, ie the weld quality, in particular associated with the consistency of strength can be improved.

As mentioned above, the segments are preferably joined without further use of other materials.

When viewed in the radial direction of the sliding bearing half shell, it may be advantageous for the segments to be welded simultaneously at both the rear and the front of the segments. This is because the processing time can be shortened, and in particular, it is possible to prevent undesirable mixing phases from occurring on the outer edge due to the application of energy over a long time. By welding at both sides, the welding time can be shortened so that the time taken to reach the core region of the segments, ie, the center when viewed in the radial direction, can be shortened.

As mentioned above, if metals or metal alloys with different properties are used in at least two segments of the support layer, or if other metals or other metal alloys are used in accordance with a further modified embodiment, for the reasons mentioned above May be advantageous.

According to the invention, at least two segments of at least one additional layer can be produced by different coating methods. For example, sliding bearings may be manufactured including segments, and segments may be coated by sputtering or PVD, and may include segments that are conventionally known as PVD or sputtering and roll bonded. Thereby, high quality layers, in particular high strength layers, can be provided for the bearing metal or the sliding layer, which layers can be arranged in a particularly heavily loaded area in the sliding bearing half shell.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In order to better understand the present invention, the following description will be given in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a side view of a sliding bearing half shell in which the support layer consists of segments.
2 is a side view of a variant embodiment of a sliding bearing half shell in which all layers are segmented.
3 is a plan view of another variant embodiment of a sliding bearing half shell with segments disposed radially;
4 shows a variant embodiment of a connection area between two segments.
5 is a side view of another variant embodiment of a sliding bearing half shell with different layers of layers attached within the segments.
6 is a front view of a variant embodiment of the sliding bearing half shell with different layer thicknesses of the segments.
FIG. 7 is a side view of a coated substrate of a flat substrate consisting of a plurality of segments, before forming into a sliding bearing half shell. FIG.
8 is a plan view of the sliding bearing half shell in which the connection region between the segments extends in the axial direction.
9 is a plan view of a sliding bearing half shell in which the connection region between the segments extends axially and obliquely.

In order to help the understanding of the present invention, the following describes the present invention in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, in the various exemplary embodiments disclosed, since the same reference numerals and the same names are used for the same members, the matters described throughout the specification are the same for the same members having the same reference numerals and the same names. It should be noted that it can be applied. In addition, matters used in the specification with respect to the position, for example, the upper part, the lower part, the side part, and the like are related to the drawings that are presently described and represented, and therefore, when the position is changed, it should be adjusted according to the changed position. In addition, each feature of the various illustrative embodiments shown and described or a combination of such features may appear in each of an independent or inventive solution.

FIG. 1 shows a sliding bearing 1 in the form of a half shell 2 composed of a support layer 3 and a sliding layer 4 also referred to as a running layer. In a variant embodiment of this sliding bearing 1, the support layer 3 consists of three segments 5 which are produced separately, and these three segments 5 are joined by a connecting region 6. In this variant embodiment, the sliding layer 4 extends continuously over the inner surface 7 of the support layer 3 and is bonded to the support layer.

The half shell 2 encloses an angular range of at least 180 °. As used herein, the term "at least about 180 °" means that such half shells 2 are assembled to form a bearing area, to form an angular area of 180 °, a bearing area or bearing mounting area known in the art. It is defined that this type of half shell 2 is, for example, up to 5 ° smaller than 180 ° so that it can be kept in tension. By so assembled, the half shell 2 can include an expansion to create a sufficiently large stress or pressing force that can be accumulated by the press process. The pressing force can also be achieved by the so-called bearing protrusions in which the half shell 2 extends in the circumferential direction with a length greater than the length of the bearing mounting in the same direction as the bearing mounting direction. For example, the length is as large as the amount calculated according to the formula (diameter of bearing + diameter of bearing / F). The coefficient F here is 1,000, in particular 800, preferably 650.

Although only three segments 5 are shown in FIG. 1, three or more segments 5 such as four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, etc. segments 5 Is also within the scope of the present invention. As three or more segments 5 are used for the support layer 3, there may be more connection areas 6 between each segment 5 of the support layer 3. It is also possible to form the support layer 3 using only two segments 5.

The sliding bearing 1, ie the half shell 2, can be manufactured by joining the respective segments 5. The connection between the segments 5 may be made by form bonding and / or material bonding and / or press-fit connection. In addition, the connection of the segments 5 is made after shaping the segments 5, ie after shaping the flat strip of material into segments 5 of the corresponding radius of curvature of the sliding bearing half shell, or the segments are mutually different. After the connection, the whole may be pressed into a half shell 2.

In this variant embodiment, the sliding layer 4 is made of segments 5, for example by a method known in the art for producing a sliding bearing half shell, such as galvanically, roll bonding or sputtering. They are bonded to each other by the same PVD method or CVD method and adhered to the supporting layer 3 in the form of a half shell which is already formed in advance. Related to the method is as described above in relation to the method belonging to the prior art, and in order to avoid repetitive mention, related documents may be referred to the skilled person.

2 shows another variant embodiment of the sliding bearing 1 in the form of a half shell 2. As in the embodiment according to FIG. 1, in this embodiment also the support layer 3 is formed of a plurality of segments 5. In the embodiment according to FIG. 2, the support layer 3 is formed of three segments 5, but in this embodiment fewer or more segments 5 may also be used in forming the support layer 3. . The sliding layer 4 is arrange | positioned on the support layer 3, and is bonded by the support layer 3. As shown in FIG. Unlike the embodiment according to FIG. 1, in this embodiment of the sliding bearing 1, the sliding layer 4 is also formed of segments 9. In this embodiment the connecting region 6 between the segments 5 of the supporting layer 3 is located below the other connecting region 10 between the two segments 9 of the sliding layer 4. In addition, the connection region 6 and the connection region 10 may be arranged in an offset manner with each other in the circumferential direction 11. In addition, the quantity of the segment 9 which comprises the sliding layer 4 may differ from the quantity of the segment 5 of the support layer 3. For example, the sliding bearing 1 may include three segments 5 for the supporting layer 3 and two or four or five or six segments 9 for the sliding layer 4. Can be.

Additional layers 12 that can be disposed on the sliding layer 4 are indicated by dotted lines. The additional layer 12 may be in the form of a running-in layer, for example. The additional layer 12 may be formed of a sliding layer 4. In this case, the sliding layer indicated by reference numeral 4 in FIG. 2 may be designed as a bearing metal layer. Instead of the bearing metal layer, the sliding layer, indicated by reference numeral 4 in FIG. 2, may be a bonding layer, so that the layer structure is formed of the supporting layer 3-bonding layer-sliding layer 4.

Abrasion-resistant layer above the rear part 13 of the support layer 3, ie the rear surface opposite the inner surface 7, to prevent fretting problems that may appear on the rear part of the support layer 3. (antifretting layer) can be arranged. In FIG. 2, the wear-resistant abrasion layer is indicated by a dotted line.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited in general to the layer structure shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. If necessary, a bonding layer or a diffusion barrier layer may be further disposed between the layers shown. For example, a bonding layer between the sliding layer 4 and the support layer 3, or a bonding layer between the support layer 3 and the wear-resistant wear layer 14, or a diffusion barrier between the sliding layer 4 and the bearing metal layer. Layer, or a diffusion barrier layer can be arranged between the bearing metal layer and the support layer 3. In principle, such sliding bearing designs are known from the prior art, all of which are referenced.

As indicated by the dotted lines in FIG. 2, all layers are composed of individual segments 5, 9, and connecting regions 6, 10 can be formed between these individual segments 5, 9, and such a configuration also One of the preferred embodiments of the present invention. In particular, as the connecting regions 6, 10 are arranged on top of each other in the radial direction of the half shell 2 in this way, the half cell can be composed of a plurality of prefabricated segments 5, 9. It becomes possible. However, as described above, the connection regions 6, 10 between the respective segments 5, 9 of at least two layers arranged on top of each other in the radial direction are offset relative to each other along the circumferential direction 11. It may be arranged in a manner.

With regard to the manufacture of the half shell 1, the foregoing are referred to. In particular the individual segments 5, 9 can be joined to each other by means of joining material and / or type joining and / or pressure connection. In addition, the shaping of the segment 5 may take place, for example, before or after laminating further layers, such as the sliding layer 4 or the bearing metal layer and the sliding layer 4 or the composite layer described above. In coating flat substrates, the substrates can also be joined to one another after coating or prior to forming into the half shell 2.

The bearing metal layer, which can be further attached to the support layer 3, is made of individual segments 5 and, after forming the semifinished product into the half shell 2, as in the embodiment according to FIG. 1, the sliding layer 4. This layer can be stacked over the composite. By doing so, the sliding layer 4 is continuously extended and attached onto the inner surface of the segment of the bearing metal layer.

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2, the individual segments 5, 9 of the respective layers are arranged next to one another in the circumferential direction 11 and are joined to each other. The above embodiments relating to the arrangement of the segments 5, 9 are within the scope of the invention.

As shown in FIG. 3, the segments 5, 9 can be arranged adjacent to each other in the axial direction 15, so that the segments 5, 9 extend continuously in the circumferential direction 11. Done.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 3, the individual segments 5, 9 may consist of a plurality of segments 5, 9 in the circumferential direction 11. Accordingly, the embodiment according to FIG. 3 and the embodiment according to FIG. 1 or 2 may be combined with each other.

With regard to the layers which can be arranged individually in the sliding bearing 1 in the embodiment according to FIG. 3, the foregoing are referred to.

In order to join the individual segments 5, 9, the individual segments 5, 9 can be arranged adjacent to one another and can also be spaced apart from one another. If the individual segments 5, 9 are spaced apart from one another, the connecting regions 6, 10 are filled with additional material in a conventional welding manner. If desired, the individual segments 5, 9 can be beveled in the connecting region 6, for example to form a weld groove such as a V-shaped cross section. In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, the segments 5 of the support layer 3 or the segments 5, 9 of the respective layers of the sliding bearing 1 are arranged partially overlapping in the connection region 6. Can be joined. Here, each segment 5 or further segment 9 of the sliding bearing 1 is stepped in end faces 16, 17 facing from the segment 5 arranged next to each other, One of the two segments joined is stepped in the region of the inner surface 7 and the other segment is mirrored in the rear region 13, as shown in FIG. 4. The two segments 5 can be arranged on top of each other. In a preferred connection embodiment of this type, a step dimension can be chosen which allows the neighboring segments to merge without a graduation being formed at the inner surface 7 or the rear part 13. That is, the step size can be selected such that there is no step on the surface between the segments 5, 9.

5 shows a variant embodiment of the sliding bearing 1, in which the segments 5 of the support layer 3 each support a different number of additional layers. The bearing metal layer 18 and the sliding layer 4 are arrange | positioned on each segment 5 of the support layer 3. Each of the two outer segments 5 of the segments of the support layer 3 comprises an additional layer over the running surface 19. The additional layer is designed as a running-in layer 20 or a wearing layer. The connection region 6 or the connection region 10 is arranged on top of each other in the radial direction, so that the sliding bearing 1 is separately manufactured as a whole segment, as in the embodiment according to FIG. 2. It consists of four segments. The entire segment is defined as the final layer structure of one of the segments of the sliding bearing half shell.

The running-in layer 20 or wear layer extends from the sliding bearing end faces 21, 22 to the central region 23 without the running-in layer 20. When the running-in layer 20 or the wear layer is disposed on the side portion of the sliding bearing 1, the adhesion of dust to the lubricant is maximized in at least one of these areas where the running-in layer 20 is present. There is an advantage that the running-in layer 20 which is added can better adapt to the sliding bearing 1.

Of course, the entire segments can be of different layer structure as described above. In particular, other layers may be arranged in place of the running-in layer 20, in which case the individual total segments may be of different layers or at least two of the total segments may be of different layers. The number of layers in which all the segments are arranged on top of each other may be different.

In this embodiment the overall layer thickness 24 throughout the half shell 2 is constant. Thus, the layer thickness of at least one layer in the entire segment with a large number of individual layers may be small compared to the thickness of the same layer in the center region 23 of the sliding bearing half shell.

The running-in layer 20 or additional layer is disposed radially innermost and starts with a sliding bearing end face 21, 22 which is stronger in strength than the innermost layer radially in the central region 23. Each region can extend from the beginning of each sliding bearing end face 21, 22 to a maximum of 45 °, in particular up to 30 °. In this case, an additional layer can be arranged on the outer part of one of the two outer parts of the sliding bearing 1, in which case it is more advantageous if the installation position of the half shell 2 is known before manufacture.

In general, in all embodiments of the invention, the angle range of ± 25 °, in particular ± 15 °, when the segment 5 is measured from the crown of its half shell 2 in the crown region of the sliding bearing half shell Can be placed. The strength of the segment 5 is greater than that of the other segments 5. It may in particular be provided with a stronger sliding layer 4 and / or a stronger supporting layer 3. By doing so, it becomes possible to more effectively deal with the stress of the high pressure caused by the ignition pressure.

In contrast, FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of the invention in which the total layer thickness 24 in the axial direction 15 is different over the path of the sliding bearing 1. For simplicity, only two layers are shown here, namely the support layer 3 and the sliding layer 4, but two or more layers may be provided in this variant embodiment. The segments 5 or segments 9 of the support layer 3 or of the sliding layer 4 are arranged next to each other in the axial direction 14, as shown in the embodiment according to FIG. 3. Likewise, the connection regions 6 or the connection regions 10 are arranged back and forth with each other in the radial direction between the segments 5 or the segments 9.

In this embodiment, the support layer 3 is designed such that the layer thickness is uniform throughout the path in the radial direction 15. In contrast, the sliding layer 4 has a region having a variable thickness in the axial direction 15. That is, the layer thickness of the central region 27 is thin while the layer thickness of the two edge regions 25, 26 is larger. In particular, when the high strength material is provided in the edge regions 25, 26 at least in the radially innermost layer as compared to the central region, the edge load of the sliding bearing 1 can be handled more effectively.

However, the sliding layer 4 is designed to have a uniform layer thickness in the axial direction 15, and in the region of the rear portion 13 of the supporting layer 3, the edge regions 25 and 26 are larger than the central region 27. It can also be designed so that the layer thickness of is larger.

Further, in a variant embodiment of the invention, the number of layers in each of the regions, namely the edge region 25 or the edge region 26 or the central region 27 may be different, and thus the number of layers of the segments 5, 9. Can be different.

At least one of the segments 5 of the support layer 3 comprises a plurality of segments or sections of the bearing metal layer 18 and / or the sliding layer 4, so that the quantity of segments in one layer is rearward. It may be allowed to increase between two layers which are arranged at least on top of each other in the direction of the running surface 19 from (13). By employing such a design, the sliding bearing 1 can be finely adjusted to have desirable mechanical and friction lubricating properties according to the use conditions.

FIG. 7 shows a semifinished product 28 for producing the half shell 2 of the sliding bearing 1 (denoted by reference number 1). The semifinished product before forming into the half shell 2 is still flat. The semifinished product 28 comprises a support layer 3 consisting of two segments 5 arranged adjacent to each other and a sliding layer 4 arranged in two segments 9 on top of the segments 5. Include. The individual segments 5, 9 are shown in the embodiment manner of FIG. 1 in the circumferential direction 11 of the sliding bearing 1. In the connection region 6 between the segments 5 of the support layer 3, a V-shaped groove 29 is formed above the connection region in the radial direction, ie in the direction of the running surface 19. This not only has the sliding layer 4 or the segments 9 of the sliding layer 4 have an inclined edge on the outer end faces 30, 31 facing in the axial direction 15, but also the sliding layer 4. Beveling (32, 33) between the segments (9) of the means. By doing in this way, it can shape | mold easily to the half shell 2 in the future, and the stress which generate | occur | produces in the sliding layer 4 is reduced. If necessary, for example, as described with respect to the embodiment according to FIG. 2, these regions between the segments 9 of the sliding layer 4 are joined together in a material bonding manner after the molding process is finished, thereby connecting the connecting regions ( 10) can be formed.

Of course, in order to simplify the molding, the cross section of the groove 29 may be formed differently. The groove 29 does not necessarily extend over the entire layer thickness of the sliding layer 4 to the surface 7 of the support layer 3, the depth of the groove 29 being the layer of the sliding layer 4. It may also be smaller than the thickness, ie the thickness of the segments 9.

In principle, in the case where the sliding bearing 1 has two or more layers, such grooves can be formed in one or more layers. Here, the beveling of the sidewalls may be different from each other to suit the radius of each layer.

8 and 9 show plan views of the segments 5 of the support layer 3. For the sake of clarity, all of the additionally attachable layers are omitted.

Among the segments 5 a preferred embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. 8, in which the connection region 6 is aligned in the axial direction 15.

However, as shown in FIG. 9, the connection area 6 between the two segments may be inclined with respect to the axial direction 15. In particular, in this case, the inclination angle 34 formed in the axial direction 15 is selected in the range between the lower limit of 2 ° and the upper limit of 30 ° for the reasons described above. However, the inclination angle may be selected in the range between the lower limit of 7 ° and the upper limit of 25 °.

In principle, each layer of the sliding bearing 1 may be made of materials known from the prior art as used for each layer of the sliding bearing 1 or materials which can be used as the sliding bearing 1. . At least most of the sliding bearing 1 is made of metals or metal alloys. The term "at least mostly" should be understood to mean that the innermost layer of the sliding bearing 1 in the radial direction, ie the layer opposite the supported part, may be formed with a lubricating coating. If desired, the lubricating coating layer may consist of a plurality of sublayers. In particular, when the lubricating coating layer is coated on the sliding bearing 1 as the innermost layer of the half shell 2 in the radial direction, the lubricating coating layer is coated after molding the semifinished product, that is, forming the semifinished product 28 into the half shell 2. Thus, the lubricating coating layer is arranged continuously without forming segments in the sliding bearing 1. It is well known that lubricating coating layers can be formed by simply spraying the lubricating coating material and then polymerizing the polymerizing components of the lubricating coating material. Of course, the lubricating coating layer may be arranged in the form of segments in the sliding bearing 1.

The support layer 3 or at least the individual segments 5 of the support layer 3 are preferably made of steel or of a material known for use for this purpose in the art, for example brass. Other materials that meet the press fit requirements can also be used.

For at least individual segments of the segments or bearing metal layer 18, the following alloys may be used, for example.

Bearing metals with aluminum base (partially in accordance with DIN ISO 4381 bzw. 4383):

AlSn6CuNi, AlZn5SiCuPBMg, AlSn20Cu, AlSi4Cd, AlCd3CuNi, AlSi11Cu, AlSn6Cu, AlSn40, AlSn25CuMn, AlSi11CuMgNi, AlZn4SiPb;

Bearing metals of copper base (partially in accordance with DIN ISO 4383):

CuPb10Sn10, CuSn10, CuPb15Sn7, CuPb20Sn4, CuPb22Sn2, CuPb24Sn4, CuPb24Sn, CuSn8P, CuPb5Sn5Zn, CuSn7Pb7Zn3, CuPb10Sn10, CuPb30;

Lead-Based Bearing Metals:

PbSb10Sn6, PbSb15Sn10, PbSb15SnAs, PbSb14Sn9CuAs, PbSn10Cu2, PbSn18Cu2, PbSn10TiO2, PbSn9Cd, PbSn10;

Tin-Based Bearing Metals:

SnSb8Cu4, SnSb12Cu6Pb.

Of course, in addition to the aforementioned bearing metals of aluminum, copper, lead or tin base, other bearing metals, in particular all bearing metals known in the art, can also be used.

However, lead-free bearing metals are preferably used.

For segments or at least individual segments of the adhesive layer (s), for example an aluminum layer or an aluminum alloy layer such as AlSc3, or Mn, Ni, Fe, Cr, Co, Cu, Ag, Mo, Pd and their alloys and NiSn Alloys or CuSn alloys may be used. Even in this case, all materials conventionally known to improve the adhesion can be used.

For segments or at least individual segments of the diffusion barrier layer (s), similarly as above, aluminum or aluminum alloy layers or nickel layers, or Mn, Ni, Fe, Cr, Co, Cu, Ag, Mo, Pd and their Alloys can be used.

For the segments of the sliding layer 4 or at least the individual segments 9, for example, tin-based alloys such as AlSn20Cu, AlSn40Cu, AlBi15Mo2, AlBi11CuO5 .5NiO.5, AlBi25Cu, such as SnSb15Cu5, SnSb4Cu1, for example Copper alloys such as CuBi20, bismuth alloys, silver alloys, Bi, Ag, Sn, white metal alloys, nickel alloys and the like can be used. The list listed above is illustrative and in principle all materials known from the prior art for the segments 9 of the sliding layer 4 can be used.

In principle, in order to enable large bearing widths, for example for the sliding bearing 1, the individual segments, for example segment 5 or segment 9, may be formed in a layer made of the same material. However, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the segments in the layer of the sliding bearing 1 are made of different materials. That is, at least two segments are made of different materials. However, the same material may be used for all segments, and at least two segments in one layer may have different physical properties, in particular different hardness or different internal stress patterns. This can be accomplished by pretreatment of the materials differently, as is known in the art. Accordingly, although the materials are made of the same component, the segments may have different property profiles. In particular, in addition to the segments 5 of the support layer 3, ie the support layer 3, the segments 9 of the sliding layer 4 and / or the segments of the bearing metal layer 18 or the segments of the at least one further layer It is composed of materials with different properties and materials from different segments of the same layer.

At this time, it should be noted that embodiments within the scope of the present invention may include only the sliding layer 4 or the bearing metal layer 18 in addition to the supporting layer 3.

As mentioned above, each segment of each layer of the sliding bearing 1 can be made of metals or metal alloys. An exception is the lubricating coating layer described above. In addition, the layers are preferably not made of sintered material.

When using metal alloys in one layer, the segments of this layer can be made of different metal alloys.

To produce the sliding bearing 1, as described above, the individual segments in the layer, in particular the segments 5 of the support layer 3 and, if necessary, the segments of the additional layer such as the sliding layer 4 and / or bearings The segments 9 of the metal layer 18 are joined to each other by material joining or type joining and / or by press fit connection. In this case, in principle, the material joint connection can be formed in any conventionally known manner such as electron beam welding, or by soldering, in particular hard soldering. In this case, the compatibility between the material constituting the individual segments and the material added must be considered. Accordingly, further known materials should be selected.

In a preferred embodiment of the method of the invention, it is preferred that no additional material is used in forming the weld seams when the segments in the layer of the sliding bearing 1 are joined to each other by laser beam welding, but this seam is preferably connected to the connection area 6. Or by melting the material of the segments in the connection region 10. The advantage obtained by this method is therefore that the joints are formed without excessive heating of the connection regions, in particular the region adjacent to the connection region 6 and the connection region 10, and furthermore, the individual segments are layered within the layer. At least nearly completely bonded throughout the thickness, that is, the weld seam is formed over the layer thickness. In this case, the term “at least approximately” means that the core region inside the segments, which may amount to 5% of the layer thickness of each layer, may not be bonded. Therefore, this "disadvantage" must also be taken into account, since a reduction in the temperature load on the adjacent area adjacent to the connection areas between the segments can be further achieved. However, a prerequisite for this is that the sliding bearing half shell must meet the strength specification.

In order to heat to a sufficiently deep position with high reliability, i.e., to melt the material of the core part of the layer of the sliding bearing 1, the intensity of the laser beam in laser welding is preferably at least 2 MW / cm 2.

In order to reduce the influence of temperature on the individual segments adjacent to the connection areas between the segments, it is desirable to weld from the rear side, ie the rear part 13 and the front side, ie the running surface 19. Welding can generally take place from one part, for example from the rear 13 direction or from the running surface 19 direction.

Welding of the individual segments is preferably carried out before forming the segments into the half shell 2, ie in a flat state, such as for example a semifinished product 28. Before shaping the segments 5 of the support layer 3, it is also preferred to attach or laminate at least one additional layer of the sliding bearing 1 to the support layer 3. In other words, this means that it is preferable to coat the flat substrate, ie when the segment 5 of the support layer 3 is in a flat or flat state.

Before welding the segments of the sliding bearing 1, it is also desirable to laminate the individual layers on the segments 5 of the support layer 3. An advantage with this embodiment of the invention is that other lamination methods can be used for laminating the individual layers on the segments 5 of the support layer 3. For example, PVD-layers or roll bonding layers and a galvanic layer can be combined in the layer of the sliding bearing 1.

In addition to the welding method, for example, the end face of a segment that is directed to another segment in the segment comprises a groove, in particular an undercut groove, such as a dovetail cross section, and the end face of the other segment corresponding to the end face has a web So that the segments can also be joined by type bonding. If desired, the mold-joint seams can be press-fit in particular during molding into the half shell 2.

The present invention has been thoroughly tested in combination with various materials, and some tests performed have been described in part only so as not to exceed the scope of the description herein.

Example 1:

Two steel bands pretreated in different ways were roll bonded to form a support layer 3 of 350 mm width, and the bearing metal layer was made of AlSn40Cu1. At this time, while the final thickness of the bonded steel band was the same as 15.5 mm, the hardness of the bearing metal layer 18 of the steel band processed at a large reduction rate per pass was approximately 10% higher. The two joining steel bands were cut to a length of 1250 mm for one half shell 2 segment, and then joined by laser welding along a cutting line. The semifinished product made in this way has three segments, the central segment having a high hardness bearing metal layer 18 and a low internal stress steel, while the bearing metal layer 18 of the outer section has a low hardness. In the semifinished product, two bearing plates having an effective width of 500 mm and an effective length of 1000 mm were cut and molded into bearing shells. As a result of testing the sliding bearing 1 consisting of the sliding bearing half shells, it was found that the physical properties of the bearing metal layer 18 around the circumference are uniform and the performance characteristics are superior to that of the sliding bearing of the same dimension.

Example 2:

Cavitation damage often occurs at certain locations within the sliding bearings. In order to prevent such cavitation damage, very hard bearing materials should be used, which results in a significant reduction in friction lubrication properties and dust landfill capacity in conventional bearings. Using a bearing shell segment with a bearing metal layer made of AlSn10Cu1 alloy in the circumferential area sensitive to cavitation damage and a bearing metal layer made of AlSn20Cu1 for the other part, a stronger bearing metal may be used in the cavitation damage area. Therefore, in the overall behavior of the sliding bearing 1, cavitation damage can be prevented without losing the dust intrusion prevention and friction lubrication characteristics of AlSn20Cu1.

Example 3:

Three plates of the same size were welded so that the middle plate contained a bearing metal layer of AlSn40Cu-alloy and the two outer plates contained a bearing metal layer of SnSb40Cu3-alloy, which were placed on the steel support shell. Bearing shells of this kind are used to connect rod bearings and have a uniform bearing shell with a steel support shell and a bearing metal layer of AlSn40Cu compared to a conventional connecting rod bearing for supporting the main load. The bearings were tested and observed for 250 hours in a combustion engine. The moving image of a conventional bearing clearly shows the trace of wear caused by dust particles throughout the circumferential region of the bearing. This behavior in the main region, which is mainly loaded, results in a decrease in load bearing ability during the use of the bearing. However, the bearing according to the present invention embeds a considerable amount of dust particles in the soft bearing region of SnSb40Cu3 and hardly scratches the bearing metal layer made of AlSn40Cu in the loaded main region.

Example 4:

In order to prevent fretting from occurring on the rear portion 13 of the sliding bearing 1, the support layer 3 was made of two different steels. The two outer segments 5 were made of C10 steel or similar steel, and the segment 5 at the center of the support layer was made of C22 series steel or similar steel. Since the internal stress paths of these two types of steels are different during the processing of the stress, that is, the half bearing of the sliding bearing 1 half shell, a sufficiently high level of stress can be accumulated. The sliding bearing 1 was compared with a conventional sliding bearing consisting of only one segment, ie with a continuous support layer 3. In this case, tests were performed with increasing load until the sliding bearing half shell began to rotate. After 5,000 hours of operation, it was found that there was very little trace of wear and tear of the sliding bearing according to the present invention. It has also been found that the bearing can support a fairly large load even before the sliding bearing half shell rotates.

In this embodiment, a stronger steel piece was attached to the separated area in the cooperating sliding bearing half shells, that is, the area where the greatest stress occurred in the operating state.

In bearings having a circumferential zone with fine wear, such high strength segments can be used in that zone. The same applies to bearings with cavitation damage, especially in areas with oil holes.

Example 5:

It is uneconomical to coat large bearings that are currently mass-produced by chemical coating and mainly physical coating methods, the designed system is not suitable size, and the construction of a special plant for large sliding bearings (1) requires only a small quantity. In view of this, it is uneconomical, and the half shell consists of segments 5 of a steel / lead brass structure in the edge region of the half shell 2 and a segment 5 of steel / AlZn5 structure in the crown region of the half shell 2. The sliding bearings 1 were manufactured with (2). In addition, a slip coating layer of a polyamide imide base having graphite and MoS _2s was applied on the segments on the slip layer 4 with a solid lubricant. The half shells 2 showed very good results in terms of loadability and fine abrasion tendency.

Example 6:

Example 5 was repeated with a steel / lead / brass / nickel / slip coating structure for the edge segments and a steel / AlBi11Cu0.5Ni0.5 sputtering layer for the crown segment. In this way, the results of Example 5 could be improved.

Exemplary embodiments show embodiments that can be implemented with respect to the sliding bearing 1, and the present invention is not limited to the specific illustrated embodiment, but rather, each of the embodiments may be variously combined, From the teachings of the present invention to the technical details, these various embodiments should be understood to be apparent to those skilled in the art.

In formal terms, it should be understood that the sliding bearing 1 and its components are represented in actual scale and / or enlargement and / or reduction in order to more easily understand the structure of the sliding bearing 1.

1 sliding bearing
2 half shell
3 support layer
4 sliding layer
5 segments
6 connecting area
7 surface
8
9 segments
10 connection area
11 circumferential direction
12 layer
13 rear
14 anti-fretting layer
15 direction
16 end face
17 end face
18 bearing metal layer
19 running surface
20 running-in layer
21 sliding bearing end face
22 plain bearing end face
23 central area
24 total layer thickness
25 edge area
26 edge zones
27 center area
28 semi-finished product
29 groove
30 end face
31 end face
32 beveling
33 Beveling
34 angle of inclination

Claims (28)

In the sliding bearing (1) in the form of a half shell (2) comprising a support layer (3), a bearing metal layer (18) and / or a sliding layer (4),
The support layer (3) is made of a plurality of segments (5) bonded to each other, the sliding bearing, characterized in that the connection region (6) is formed between each of the segments (5). The method of claim 1,
Sliding bearing, characterized in that the bearing metal layer (18) and / or the sliding layer (4) consists of a plurality of segments (9). The method according to claim 1 or 2,
At least one layer is additionally disposed between the sliding layer 4 and the bearing metal layer 18 or the support layer 3, or between the bearing metal layer 18 and the support layer 3, or on the rear of the support layer 3. And all of these layers consist of a plurality of segments (5, 9). The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
At least one segment (5, 9) of at least the support layer (3) or the bearing metal layer (18) or the sliding layer (4) or the at least one additional layer is composed of materials and properties of the other segments (5, 9) of the same layer. A sliding bearing characterized in that it is made of another material. The method of claim 4, wherein
Sliding bearing, characterized in that the other property is the hardness and / or internal stress of the segments (5, 9). The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
At least one segment (5, 9) of at least the support layer (3) or the bearing metal layer (18) or the sliding layer (4) or the at least one additional layer is a material and component of the other segments (5, 9) of the same layer. A sliding bearing characterized in that it is made of another material. 7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
Sliding bearing, characterized in that at least the segments (5, 9) of the support layer (3) are arranged next to each other in the circumferential direction (11) of the half shell (2). 8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
Sliding bearings characterized in that the segments (5, 9) are joined to each other by material joining and / or mold joining and / or press-fitting connections. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
Sliding bearings, characterized in that the segments (5, 9) are arranged partially overlapping and in contact with each other without generating a graduation. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
Sliding bearing, characterized in that the connecting region (6), the connecting region (10) or the connecting regions (6, 10) are inclined in the circumferential direction (11) of the half shell (2). The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10,
Slide bearing characterized in that at least two of the segments (5, 9) of the half shell (2) differ in the number of layers arranged on top of each other. The method of claim 11,
A sliding bearing, characterized in that the total layer thickness in the radial direction of the half shells (2) differing in the number of layers arranged on top of each other is at least approximately constant. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11,
Sliding bearing characterized in that the total layer thickness of at least two of the segments (5, 9) of the half shell (2) is different. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13,
At least one of the segments (5) of the support layer (3) comprises a bearing metal layer (18) and / or a plurality of segments (9) of the sliding layer (4). The method according to any one of claims 1 to 14,
Sliding bearing, characterized in that the connection region (6, 10) between the two segments (5, 9) is made of the material of the segments (5, 9). In the manufacturing method of the sliding bearing half shell which comprises the support layer 3 formed by shape | molding a flat board | substrate with a slide bearing half shell, and the at least 1 additional layer adhered on the support layer 3,
The support layer 3 consists of a plurality of segments 5, characterized in that the segments 5 are joined to each other by a material joining and / or type joining scheme and / or a press fit connection. , Manufacturing method of sliding bearing half shell. The method of claim 16,
And the at least one additional layer is also comprised of a plurality of segments. The method according to claim 16 or 17,
Method for producing a sliding bearing half shell, characterized in that the at least one additional layer is attached before joining the segments (5) of the support layer (3) to each other. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 18,
After attaching the at least one additional layer, the process of forming the segments (5) into a sliding bearing half shell is carried out. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 19,
A method of producing a sliding bearing half shell, characterized in that the joining of the segments (5) of the supporting layer (3) is carried out before shaping the segments (5) of the supporting layer (3) into a sliding bearing half shell. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 20,
Method for producing a sliding bearing half shell, characterized in that the segments (5) of the support layer (3) are joined by laser welding. The method of claim 21,
The beam intensity of a laser beam is at least 2 MW / cm <2>, The manufacturing method of the sliding bearing half shell. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 22,
Method for producing a sliding bearing half shell, characterized in that the segments (5, 9) are welded to each other without using additional material. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 23, wherein
Method for producing a sliding bearing half shell, characterized in that when the sliding bearing half shell is viewed in the radial direction, the segments (5, 9) are welded from both the rear part and the front part of the segments (5, 9). The method according to any one of claims 16 to 24,
Method for producing a sliding bearing half shell, characterized in that for at least two segments (5) of the segments of the support layer (3), metals or metal alloys with different physical properties are used. The method of claim 25,
Method for producing a sliding bearing half shell, characterized in that for the at least two segments (5) of the segments of the support layer (3) different metals or metal alloys are used. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 26,
At least two of the segments of the at least one additional layer are produced in a different coating manner. Use of a sliding bearing (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, for use in a drive line of a motor vehicle.

Images