DK179028B1 - Sliding bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a sliding bearing (1) in the form of a half bowl (2) comprising a support layer (3), a bearing metal layer (18) and / or a sliding layer (4), wherein the support layer (3) consists of several interconnected segments ( 5) between which a connecting region (6) is formed.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The invention relates to a sliding bearing in the form of a hemispherical shell comprising a support layer, a bearing metal layer and / or a gilding layer, and a method of manufacturing said sliding bearing, wherein the supporting layer is formed by a flat substrate by transformation into the sliding hemispherical shell and where the supporting layer is placed. at least one additional layer.

In order to meet the different and partly contradictory requirements of a sliding bearing, in particular with respect to strength and tribological properties, it is common in the art to apply a bearing metal layer and / or a plating layer to a steel support shell, so that the sliding properties are determined. of the bearing metal layer and the gild layer, and the strength properties are determined by the support layer.

In order to achieve a stable position to avoid fretting and to achieve the required bearing contour, the bearing circumference length relative to the bearing uptake must be dimensioned such that a sufficiently high tension can be achieved by an pressing process. Geometrically, this is achieved with a scattering located above the bearing uptake and, first of all, by means of the so-called excess bearing part. With the increasing loads, this voltage increases, overlapped by thermal expansions and dynamic shaft loads of modern engines. Thus, plastic or pseudo-plastic action occurs in the commonly used steel bowl materials, but also in the bearing metals or in the alloy layers, which ultimately leads to a geometry change of the bearing bowl itself. This geometry change eventually results in a loss of dispersion and a reduction in the excess bearing part. As a result, the bearing is no longer stable, thus enabling micro-movements that lead to fretting and may even cause the bearing or sliding half-cups to rotate.

To alleviate this problem, it is theoretically possible to use steel types with higher mold stability. There is a disadvantage in that the higher deformation resistance has a limiting effect on the applicability of conventional methods for the manufacture of sliding composite materials, such as e.g. roll lamination or composite material casting. Especially in roll lamination, which is an economically particularly interesting lamination technique, there are dimensional constraints due to the necessary transformation forces. In composite material casting, for steep cooling conditions by centrifugal casting of larger parts negatively impacts the steel types joining, and therefore economically, these can only be made even more difficult or not at all shaping.

It is known from the prior art that bearing metals on steel support bearings for sliding bearings with larger bearing widths by means of explosion welding are placed on the steel support layer. However, extremely high costs are associated with this, so that this process can only be very economically difficult to convert to serial production. In addition, the maximum available width of the sandwich in this method is limited.

In order to satisfy the various requirements with regard to load capacity and embedding capacity, GB 549 433 A has proposed a sliding bearing for internal combustion engines with bearing half-shells and which has a bearing metal layer of individual, in the circumferential direction, successive sections with different material properties. that harder bearing metal sections may be provided for the maximum loads occurring in certain angular regions of the half-shells, while the softer bearing metal sections result in good adaptability and embedding ability.

To this end, it is known from the applicant's WO 2009/059344 A2 that the running layer placed on a support layer consists of two partial running layers, whereby one partial running layer has a better impermeability for dirt particles, and the other partial running layer ensures the wear resistance and load resistance of the slip bearing. Usually, in plain bearings, two different plain bearings are used, as the mechanical and tribological requirements and loads are different for the bottom bearings and the top plain bearings.

In this case, harder bearing material is usually used for the lower slide bearing half bowl than for the upper slide bearing half bowl. This is in particular because the lubrication gap geometry at such sliding bearings, especially during the start-up phase or when operating with load change, is not constant above the bearing circumference, and in particular at hydrodynamic sliding bearings at these load bearings in the area of the lower sliding half shell bearing material, better tribological properties are required than the upper slide bearing half bowl. Furthermore, it is known to weld these slide bearing half bowls with one another, such as for example. is described in DE 24 39 096 A for forming a bearing bush. To this end, the bearing material is placed on a flat steel strip and this sandwich is converted by pressing into sliding half-shells before the two sliding half-shells are interconnected by electrode welding.

Also, DD 42 189 B discloses a bearing bush similar to the one mentioned in the DE-A specification, wherein the bearing bush is again composed of two half bowls, which are interconnected by means of welding or soldering, whereby the heavily loaded half bowl is used. a higher quality bearing material than for the less loaded upper half bowl. DE 102007053528 A1 discloses a sliding bearing formed by individual segment gauges in the circumferential direction of the circular bearing. JP 201 11201167 A describes a sliding bearing formed by a half shell sections which is assembled in the axial direction of the bearing. There is also disclosed a method for forming the sections of a flat substrate which bends in the shape of the sliding bed.

The object of the invention is to provide an improved slip bearing for internal combustion engines.

This object is achieved with the sliding bearing initially indicated in the form of a half bowl and by the method of making this sliding bearing half bowl.

In the sliding bed according to the invention, the support layer consists of several interconnected segments between which a connecting region is formed and the segments of at least the support layer are arranged side by side in the circumferential direction of the half-bowl and are interconnected by welding.

In the method according to the invention, the support layer is composed of several segments, where the segments of at least the support layer are placed side by side in the circumferential direction of the half-bowl and where the segments are interconnected by a welding process.

Although, for manufacturing and economic reasons, in comparison with conventional plain bearing half bowls, there are disadvantages of splitting the support layer into several single segments to be connected to one another, requiring several manufacturing steps, and partly that the connection of the individual segments is not without problems, in particular however, when the segments are to be welded together as heat is brought into the connection area, which can result in structural changes and, especially with thicker support layers, that the full-surface connection in the end regions between the individual segments becomes problematic, however, the benefits of this new sliding bearing type weigh more heavily. Firstly, it is hereby possible to produce sliding bearing half bowls of larger width. Within the scope of the invention, a wide slide bearing half bowl is understood to mean a half bowl which exhibits a ratio of overall wall thickness to width of at least 1:10, in particular at least 1:20 and especially at least 1:25. Thus, it is possible in a manufacturer's series production of plain bearing half bowls to produce such large plain bearing half bowls without costly rebuilds, because the existing machinery park, due to the smaller size of the individual segments, can still be used to place the bearing metal layer and the filler layer on the support layer. In this way, it is especially possible to use roller lamination, even for such large slide bearing half bowls, since the required reshaping forces for the individual segments can be reduced compared to continuous support layers of the same slide bed size, especially since they do not have to be transformed into at least approximately complete semicircle. In addition to roll lamination, which is particularly interesting from a financial point of view for the manufacture of sliding bearing half bowls, other coating processes such as e.g. PVD or CVD processes, whereby it is particularly advantageous here that known geometry of coating chambers, in particular sputter systems, can be used in the serial production of such large sliding half-shells, so that a complex geometry necessary for coating a large geometry can be rendered. slide bearing half bowl due to the known effects during the separation, so that the individual segments can be made with a very high layer thickness accuracy for the applied layer. In addition, it also makes it possible to combine different materials for the fabrication of the support layer, thereby enabling not only a better adaptation to the requirements of the slide bearing half bowls, but also to make available new, new profile profiles for slide bearing half bowls. it is advantageous that with the proposed sliding bearing and in the method of producing the sliding bearing, greater layer thicknesses of the support layer can be more easily obtained, e.g. a layer thickness of at least 10 mm, in particular at least 15 mm, preferably at least 30 mm, since the required reshaping of the individual segments can be achieved with lower energy consumption compared to a complete slide bearing half bowl. A more economical storage is also possible, since only a few widths of support layer strips such as semi-finished products need to be stored.

It is also possible that the bearing metal layer and / or the gild layer consist of several segments or that the at least one layer is also composed of several segments. The sliding bearing may also be constructed in the form of a '' patchwork bearing ', whereby a better adaptation to the various requirements of a sliding bearing is possible, as certain suitable materials can be used for the variously loaded areas of a sliding bearing half bowl. In addition, it is thus possible to better align the material properties within a sliding bearing segment so that e.g. the adhesive strength of the individual layers to each other can be improved. In this way sliding bearing half bowls can also be made of materials which can only be made difficult by conventional methods due to material incompatibility.

At least one additional layer may be arranged between the guild layer and the bearing metal layer or the bearing metal and the backing layer or the backing layer, in which case all the sliding bearing half-layer layers consist of several segments, so that the connection area between the individual segments in this embodiment varies extensively from the surface of the guild layer. and to the back of the support layer and the additional layer applied thereon. Thus, it is possible that the individual segments of the slide bearing cups are completely finished prior to joining the finished slide bearing cups, and in a final manufacturing step that only the connection between the individual segments and possibly a surface machining must be done by fine drilling etc., as is known in the art. art. Thus, it is possible to have the already manufactured individual segments in stock, whereby the slide bearing can be assembled in a relatively short time by the different material properties, but in stock segments, whereby serial production of the slide bearing half bowls can be simplified.

As already mentioned, in a preferred embodiment variant, at least one segment consists of the support layer or the bed metal layer or the gill layer or at least one additional layer of a material having different properties relative to the material of an additional segment of the same layer. Thus, property combinations can be obtained in a slide bearing half bowl which at the state of the art has hitherto not been possible with known slide bearing half bowls.

In particular, this different property is the hardness of the segments and their intrinsic tension. Thus, it is possible to better adapt the sliding bearing shells to highly loadable internal combustion engines of higher pressure and in the field of special bearings to adapt them to the special requirements for the mechanical load bearing shells. On the other hand, due to the different intrinsic stress profile of the individual segments, it is possible to maintain the above spread and excess bearing portion over a longer period of time, so that fretting problems in the area of the rear of the slide bearing bowl can be better avoided, thereby giving the slide bearing a longer life. Also, the cavity critical places of the bearing, especially in the oil supply area, i. bores for the application of a lubricating oil in the running surface area could be better mastered by using materials with different properties.

With regard to intrinsic stress, it should be noted that, depending on the transformation of a smooth strip into a plain bearing half bowl on the bearing back, a tensile stress is built up and on the inner side of the slip bearing a compressive stress. Usually these tensions are equalized. As the sliding bearing cups after the transformation are further processed, e.g. When drilling the sliding surface, the tensile stresses prevail in the finished sliding bearing, whereby this sliding bearing shows a tendency to be further reshaped inwards, thus there is essentially a risk of the sliding bearing '' collapsing '. The consequence is that the seat bearing cups' seat in the bearing uptake deteriorates. With multi-segment slide bearing half bowls made according to the invention this can be effectively counteracted, i.e. the slide tension half bowls' intrinsic stress profile can be improved. At least one segment of the support layer or the bed metal layer or the gill layer or the at least one additional layer may consist of a material which, in relation to the material of an additional segment in the same layer, has a different composition so as to be able to master the different requirements for plain bearing half-shell. It can thus be better adapted to the slip bearing to the technical requirements of medium to large two and four stroke internal combustion engines, whose drive system preferably has lower emission values and higher efficiency, such as for environmental reasons. higher ignition pressures, higher operating temperatures, alternative fuel and lubricants, and longer maintenance intervals, which cannot be achieved with the state-of-the-art sliding bearings, as this conflicts with performance limits. Unlike alternative attempts to eliminate this problem, namely optimizing the alloys used, it is an advantage of the invention that known and usable alloys can also be used, but specifically at the stressed places in the bearing. In addition, with the easier-to-manufacture bearing segments of smaller size, as compared to a sliding bearing with through layers, conventional steel sound surface compositions can be used and assembled, whereby stronger bowl pieces are used in the partition area for two sliding bearing half-shells forming the bearing, where the largest stresses occur. Also, it is thus possible technically to combine segments which increase the strength with segments without this property. In the preferred embodiment of the slide bearing half cup, the segments are at least supported side by side in the circumferential direction of the half cup to allow an improvement in the mechanical properties of the slide bearing relative to the different loads in the different angular areas of the slide bed.

In particular, the segments are material-closing and / or mold-closing and / or interconnected by means of a press connection. Particular preference is given here to the material-closing compound, since this process technique is less expensive than the form-closing compound or the pressing compound, whereby the latter two methods of connection can be advantageously used when it is expected that due to the heat supply with the material-closing compound, brittle mixing crystals are formed in the connection area. , which may result in failure of the sliding bearing half bowl in the connection area, so that the resistance of the overall sliding half bowl to fatigue deterioration due to the cracks resulting from the brittle intermetallic phases.

The segments may partially overlap and be immediately adjacent to one another so that a larger surface for making the connection may be available in the connection area. In addition, it is advantageous that the weld seams of a material-closing connection of the individual segments in the region of the front and rear surfaces of the segments in the direction of the slide bearing half-bowl are slightly offset relative to each other, so that the material-closing method may be performed less critically with respect to heat supply to the the support layer and the segments in the connection area.

It is also possible that the connection area (s) in the circumferential direction of the half-bowl extend inclined, so that in the circumferential direction a '' sliding 'transition from one segment to the next can be established, which can increase the mechanical load capacity of the sliding bearing half-cup.

For adaptation to the various mechanical and tribological requirements for sliding bearing half bowls in the different angular areas of the half bowl, it is possible that at least two of the half bowl segments have a different number of layers arranged on top of each other, e.g. to further improve the adhesion strength of the layers in highly stressed zones or to form a further inlet layer on the gild layer in tribologically particularly stressed areas of the sliding bearing bowl.

Thus, it is advantageous when a total thickness of the half-bowl in the radial direction, even at different numbers of superimposed layers, is at least approximately constant, thus enabling a better design of the grease gap geometry.

However, it can also be advantageous when at least two of the half-shell segments have different overall layer thickness, so as to form a kind of '' groove bearing ', as is known from the state of the art, whereby it is also possible depending on the placement of the segments in the the slide bearing half bowl - that is, whether it is arranged in the circumferential direction or in a radial side-by-side direction - to achieve an improvement in the direction of the oil, especially when a middle segment of the slide bearing bowl in the circumferential direction is made with a smaller layer thickness, so that a kind of groove is formed for the oil lining.

Furthermore, it is possible that at least one of the supporting layer segments has several segments or sections of the bearing metal layer and / or the gilding layer, which significantly increases the manufacturing cost of the sliding bearing half bowl, but thereby obtains the advantage that the intrinsic stress course of the support layer segments is distributed over several segments and part of the bearing metal layer or gild layer, so that the existing self-tensioning profile can partly be achieved an improvement of the anti-friction properties on the back of the support layer, and an improved slip bearing tribology can also be made available, since this self-tensioning process does not therefore completely pass to a single segment of the further, over the support layer towards the layer disposed on the structural member to be camped. In a preferred embodiment, the connection area between two segments is formed from the material of the segments, so that an additional material for material-closing connection of the segments can be avoided, whereby a better continuity of the properties of the individual segments, also in the connection areas, can be obtained, which means here that Abrupt property changes in the connection areas can thus be better avoided.

According to one embodiment of the method, at least one additional layer is provided prior to connecting the supporting layer segments with each other. The segments are thus completely terminated before the connection to layer build-up, whereby problems can arise during the connection of the individual segments by means of material closure, since the layers which are superimposed on heat are simultaneously in melt flow mode, so that, if necessary, mixing phases are formed in the radial direction of the slide bearing half, thereby weakening the connection area, but the advantage is obtained, however, that the serial production of such slide bearing half bowls as already mentioned in the execution of these slide bearing half bowls can be simplified as 'patchwork bearings', as already completed segments need must be connected to each other in different combinations corresponding to the requirements of the slide bearing.

The conversion of the segments into sliding bearing half bowls can only be carried out after the provision of the at least one additional layer. In other words, this means that at least one additional layer is applied to a plant, i.e. on a flat support layer, thereby simplifying the coating in itself, as e.g. no complex pattern of movement is required to coat the slide bearing half bowl using sputtering or PVD technique, thereby also improving the layer quality itself.

Thus, it is also possible to form larger layer thicknesses for the individual layers and thus collectively make a sliding bearing half bowl with an extended maturity available. In addition, appropriate shear or milling processes for dimensional design of the bearing strips may be inserted before shaping the bowl. In addition, it is advantageous that a better heat transfer is possible on flat substrates, whereby loss of hardness in the layer areas can be better avoided.

This can be advantageous when the connection of the supporting layer segments is made before the transformation into sliding half-shell, since the stresses initiated during the deformation in this case extend fully into the connection area, whereby the property profile has no or only a few abrupt property transitions between the segments.

Preferably, the connection of the support layer segments is carried out by laser welding, since the heat supply into the segments to be connected by this method can be limited to small, i.e. narrow areas seen in the circumferential direction of the slide half, whereby in particular a continuous course of properties in the circumferential direction can be obtained. By reducing the heat effect it is possible that e.g. cold-stabilized, roll-laminated aluminum alloys in the connection areas do not lose in hardness. This is particularly advantageous when making thick-walled plain bearing half bowls. Furthermore, very different production-dependent residual stress states, e.g. resulting from the casting process or the roll lamination with the at least one additional layer in interaction with the bearing segments and leading to non-tolerable tolerances is better mastered. Consequently, unduly large changes in the spread at the excess part can also be better avoided, thereby reducing the probability of failure of the sliding bed. The use of thermal pretreatments to break down these residual stress states, as is common in the art, is not an end in itself, as this is accompanied by a loss of hardness, especially of the bearing metals.

This is advantageous when using a laser beam intensity of at least 2 MW / cm, in particular at least 3 MW / cm, since an energy input completely into the deep layers of the individual segments becomes possible, whereby the connection quality, ie. the welding quality, in particular as regards the regularity of the strength, can be increased

As already mentioned above, the segments are preferably welded together without additional material.

It can be advantageous when the segments both at the back and the front side - in the radial direction of the slide bearing half bowl - are welded together, since shorter machining times can be obtained and, in particular, undesirable mixing phases can be avoided due to the outer edge regions due to energy supply over a longer period of time. Namely, when welding the two sides, the welding duration can be shortened since the time course until reaching the core zone of the segments, ie. the center area seen in the radial direction can be shortened.

As already mentioned above, it is advantageous for the above reasons when at least two segments of the support layer are used metals or metal alloys with different properties and according to a further embodiment variant different metals or metal alloys are used.

Furthermore, it is possible with the invention that at least two of the segments in at least one additional layer are prepared by different coating processes, so that e.g. sliding bearings having segments coated by sputter or PVD techniques are produced and segments which are roll laminated so that qualitatively very valuable layers, as known in the art, are formed by PVD or sputter techniques , can be manufactured for bearing metals and sliding layers, especially very strong layers, and these layers may be placed in highly stressed zones in the sliding bearing half bowl.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings. In the drawing, it is shown schematically simplified: FIG. 1 is a side elevation slide bearing segmented support layer; FIG. 2 is a side view of an embodiment of a sliding bearing half bowl, whereby all layers are segmented, FIG. Fig. 3 is a top plan view of another embodiment of a slide bearing half bowl with segments arranged in a radial direction; 4 is a side view of an embodiment of the connection area between two segments; FIG. 5 is a side view of a further embodiment of a sliding bearing half bowl with different number of layers in the segments; FIG. Fig. 6 is a front view of an embodiment variant of a slide bearing half bowl with different layer thicknesses; 7 is a side view of a coated, flat, multi-segment coated substrate prior to transformation into the slide bearing half bowl; FIG. 8 is a plan view of a sliding bearing half-shell with axially extending connecting areas between the segments; FIG. 9 is a plan view of a sliding bearing half-shell with inclined relation to the axial direction extending between the segments;

Initially, it is stated that the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals in the various embodiments described, whereby the explanations contained throughout the description can be meaningfully transferred to the same parts with the same reference numerals or the same designations. Also, the location indications selected in the specification refer e.g. upwards, downwards, in the lateral direction, etc., to the immediately described and shown figure and, in the event of a change of position, must be significantly transferred to the new position. Furthermore, individual characteristics or combinations of characteristics from the various exemplary embodiments shown and described may also constitute independent solutions.

FIG. 1 shows a slide bearing 1 in the form of a half bowl 2 consisting of a support layer 3 and a guild layer 4, often also referred to as the running layer. In this embodiment variant of the slide bed 1, the support layer 3 consists of three separately manufactured segments 5 which are joined together to form a connecting region 6. By contrast, the guiding layer 4 extends in this embodiment to an inner surface 7 of the supporting layer 3 and is connected thereto.

The half bowl 2 encloses an angular range of at least 180 °. By the term "at least approximately 180 °" is meant in connection with the invention that such half-bowls 2 may also exhibit a slightly smaller angular range, e.g. a maximum angular range of 5 ° less than 180 °, since such half-bowls 2 are fitted into the bearing location and the design of the angular range of 180 °, thereby being held in the bearing location, ie. the bearing uptake, forming a voltage as is known from the state of the art. Consequently, the half-bowl 2 may have a spread to obtain the sufficiently high tension and compressive pressure which is built up by the pressing process. The latter can also be obtained by having the half-bowl 2 having a so-called excess bearing part, that is, having a circumferential length greater than the length of the corresponding bearing uptake in the same direction, e.g. a value which can be calculated by the formula (bearing diameter + bearing diameter / F), where F is a factor having the value 1000, especially 800, preferably 650.

Although in FIG. 1 only shows three segments 5, it is possible within the scope of the invention to use more than three segments 5, e.g. four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten etc. segments 5 to the support layer 3, and accordingly also a higher number of connection areas 6 between the single segments 5 of the support layer 5. In addition, only two segments 5 can be used for manufacture of the support layer 3.

This sliding bearing 1, ie. the half-bowl 2, can also be made by connecting the individual segments 5 to each other. The connection between the segments 5 can be molded and / or material closed and / or via a press connection. Furthermore, it is possible that the connection of the individual segments 5 can take place after their transformation, ie. the reshaping from a smooth strip of material in the particular segment 5 with the corresponding radius of curvature half-bowl, or the individual segments being interconnected before reshaping and reshaping from the overall composite element in a further process via a pressing process into the half-shaft 2.

In this embodiment, the guide layer 4 is applied to the already preformed, semi-bowl-shaped support layer 3 after the interconnection of the segments 5, e.g. according to a method known in the art for the manufacture of plain bearing semi-bowls, e.g. galvanically, by roller lamination, by PVD process such as sputter technique, or using a CVD process. As mentioned above, this method belongs to the state of the art, and the skilled artisan is referred to avoid repetition of the relevant literature.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment variant of the slide bearing 1 in the form of a half bowl 2. As with the embodiment variant according to FIG. 1, the support layer 3 is also formed by several segments 5 in this embodiment, whereby the support layer 3 in the embodiment of FIG. 2 again formed by three segments 5, but also in this embodiment variant, fewer or more than three interconnected segments 5 can be used for the support layer 3. On the support layer 3, the guild layer 4 connected to the support layer 3 is arranged. Unlike the embodiment of FIG. 1, the guiding layer 4 is also, in this embodiment, the sliding bearing 1 formed of segments 9. The connecting area 6 between the segments 5 of the supporting layer 3 lies thereby under a further connecting area 10 between two segments 9 of the guiding layer 4. It is also possible to form the connecting areas 6, 10 in a circumferential direction 11 with respect to one another. In addition, it is possible that the guild layer 4 may consist of a different number of segments 9 in relation to the number of the support layer 3 segments 5, e.g. the sliding bearing 1 at three segments 5 of the support layer 3 comprises only two segments 9 or four or five or six etc. segments 9 of the guiding layer 4.

A dashed line indicates that an additional layer 12 may be provided on the guild layer 4. This additional layer 12 may e.g. be designed as inlet layers. It is also possible that this additional layer 12 is formed by the guild layer 4, whereby the 2, with reference numeral 4 in this case, may be designed as a so-called bearing metal layer. Also, instead of the bearing metal layer, it is possible for this to apply to the sheet metal which is referred to by reference number 4 in FIG. 2 is a tie layer and thus a layer structure is provided support layer 3 - tie layer - gate layer 4.

Also in dashed line, in FIG. 2 indicates that on a back 13 of the support layer 3, i.e. a backward facing surface facing the inner surface 7 may be provided with an anti-fretting layer 4 for avoiding the occurrence of fretting and fretting problems on the back of the support layer 3.

In general, it should be noted that in FIG. 1 and 2 are not limiting the invention. As needed, additional layers, such as binding layers or diffusion barrier layers, may be provided between the individual layers shown, i.e., e.g. a bonding layer between the backing layer 4 and the backing layer 3 or a bonding layer between the backing layer 3 and the anti-fretting layer 14 or a diffusion barrier layer between the backing layer 4 and the bearing metal layer or a diffusion blocking layer between the bearing metal layer and the backing layer 3 etc. In principle, such sliding bearing designs are known from the prior art.

As also shown in dotted line in FIG. 2, it is an option or preferred embodiment of the invention that all layers are composed of individual segments 5, 9 between which a connecting region 6, 10. In particular, these connecting regions 6, 10 in the radial direction of the half-bowl 2 can be disposed above. over each other, so that the half-bowl can be composed of several segments 5, 9, whereby these segments 5, 9 can be prefabricated. However, as already mentioned, it is also possible, as already mentioned, that the connecting regions 6, 10 between the individual segments 5, 9 of at least two layers radially superimposed on each other in the circumferential direction 11 may be positioned relative to one another. With respect to the preparation of this half bowl 1, reference is made to the foregoing embodiments, in particular it is possible to interconnect the individual segments 5, 9 material-closing and / or mold-closing and / or by means of a press connection. Furthermore, it is possible for the reshaping of the segments 5 to be carried out before or after the separation of additional layers then present, e.g. the filler layer 4 or the bed metal layer and the filler layer 4 or other layer composite material described above, or it is possible, when flat substrates are to be coated, that the substrates are bonded to each other after coating and prior to the conversion to the half bowl 2.

In addition, it is possible that the support layer 3 and the eventual bearing metal layer consist of individual segments 5 and the apply layer 4 on this layer composite as in the embodiment variant according to FIG. 1 after the conversion of the semi-finished product to the semi-bowl 2 is separated, so that in this case the filler layer 4 extends over the inner surface of the segments of the sheet metal layer.

In the embodiment variants according to FIG. 1 and 2, the individual segments 5, 9 in the individual layers in the circumferential direction 11, which are adjacent to each other, are interconnected. This embodiment variant for the placement of segments 5, 9 is the preferred one within the scope of the invention.

As shown in FIG. 3, it is also possible for the segments 5, 9 to be arranged side by side in axial direction 15, whereby these segments 5, 9 extend over the entire circumferential direction 11.

Furthermore, it is possible for the individual segments 5, 9 in the circumferential direction 11 in the embodiment according to FIG. 3 is composed of several segments 5, 9, ie a combination variant between the embodiment variant according to FIG. 1 or 2 and the embodiment of FIG. Third

With regard to the individual pliable layers in the slide bed 1 in the embodiment according to FIG. 3 is referred to the above embodiments.

In order to connect the individual segments 5, 9, these may be arranged bluntly adjacent to each other, possibly at a distance between them, thereby filling this connection area 6, 10 in the case of a distance between the individual segments 5, 9 with an additional material as is usually by welding. Optionally, the individual segments 5, 9 may be chamfered in the connection area 6, 10 to thereby form a weld, e.g. with V-shaped cross section. On the other hand, there is the option shown in FIG. 4, that the segments of the support layer 3 or generally the segments 5, 9 of the single layers of the sliding bearing 1 are partially overlapping in the connecting region 6 and in this way connected to each other, whereby the individual segments 5 and further segments 9 of the sliding bed are formed in the region of the facing end faces 16, 17 of adjacent segments 5, whereby a segment in the area of the inner surface 7 and a segment of the two segments 5 to be connected to each other are also bevelled in the area of the back 13 so that they two segments 5 may be positioned one above the other as shown in FIG. 4. In the preferred embodiment of this connection, the step shape is selected such that the segments are arranged side-by-side and steplessly over each other in the area where the inner surface 7 exits at the back 13, thus no steps are formed between the segments 5 , 9 on the surface.

FIG. 5 shows an embodiment variant of the slide bed 1, whereby the support layer 3 segments 5 are carriers of a different number of additional layers. On each of the 3 segments 5 of the support layer, a bearing metal layer 18 and the guiding layer 4 are arranged. The two outer segments 5 of the support layer 3 have an additional layer on the running surface 19, which in this case is formed as inlet layer 20 or wear layer. The connection areas 6 and 10 are again disposed in a radial direction so that the sliding bed 1 as in the embodiment according to FIG. 2 is made up of three separate segments made from one another. By a full segment here is meant a complete layer structure of one of the segments in the slide bearing half bowl.

This inlet layer 20 or wear layer thereby extends from the sliding bearing faces 21, 22 to a central region 23 which is itself free of this inlet layer 20. This arrangement of the additional inlet layer 20 or wear layer in this side area of the sliding bed 1 has the advantage that dirt penetration with lubricating oil is greatest at least in one of these regions with the inlet layer 20, so that with this additional inlet layer 20 a better adaptability of the sliding bed 1 is obtained.

Of course, the full segments may also have a different layer structure, as already shown above, in particular instead of the inlet layer 20, a second layer may also be provided, whereby in this case also the individual full segments, ie. at least two full segments of all full segments have a different number of single layers. Furthermore, there is the possibility that none of the full segments has the same number of layers superimposed.

In this embodiment variant, a full-layer thickness 24 is constant over the entire half-shell 2, so that at least one of the layers in the full-segments having a higher number of single layers, compared to the same layer in the middle region 23 of the slide bearing half-layer, has a deteriorated layer thickness.

The angular region beginning at the end surface 21, 22 in which the inlet layer 20 or a further radially inner layer, which may have a greater strength than the radially inner layer in the middle region 23, is arranged, can cover a range up to 45 °, in particular up to 30 °, starting at the respective end surface 21, 22. It is also possible hereby to place an additional layer in one of the two areas of the slide bed 1, whereby in this case it is advantageous if the installation position of the half bowl 2 is known before its manufacture. .

In general, in all embodiments of the invention, it is possible to place a segment 5 which, in comparison with the other segments 5, has a higher strength, especially a stronger one, in the vertex region of the sliding bearing half bowl at an angle range of + 25 °, in particular + 15 ° measured from the vertex of the half bowl 2. filler layer 4 and / or a stronger support layer 3. This can better cope with higher loads caused by the ignition pressure.

In contrast, FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of the invention with axial direction 15 of different slide thickness 24 over the course of the slide bed 1, whereby only two layers are shown for simplicity, ie. the backing layer 3 and the backing layer 4, but of these embodiments, of course, more than two single layers can occur. The segments 5 and 9 of the support layer 3 and the guiding layer 4 are thereby arranged in axial direction 14 lying side by side, as shown in the embodiment variant according to FIG. Third

Also, the connecting regions 6 and 10 between the segments 5 and 9 therefore lie behind each other in a radial direction.

In this embodiment, the support layer 3 is designed with the same layer thickness over the entire course in radial direction 15. In contrast, the apply layer 4 in axial direction 15 has different thick areas, namely two thicker, ie. with a higher layer thickness, edge regions 25, 26 and a middle region 27 performed with a comparatively lower layer thickness. In particular, the edge load of the slide bearing 1 can be better adapted, which can also be achieved when stronger materials, at least in the radially inner layer, are placed in the peripheral regions 25, 26 compared to the central region.

It is also possible that the gill layer 4 is formed with a uniform layer thickness in axial direction 15 and that the support layer 3 in the region of the back 13 has a layer thickness course with higher layer thickness in the rim regions 25, 26 and inferior layer thickness in the middle region 27.

Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention there is the possibility that the individual areas, ie. the peripheral regions 25 and 26 or the central region 27 have a different number of individual layers, i. segments 5, 9 similarly have a different number of layers.

It is further possible that at least one of the segments 5 of the support layer 5 has several segments or sections of the bearing metal layer 18 and / or the sheet layer 4, so that the number of segments in one layer increases from the back 13 towards the running surface 19 with at least two superposed layers. In this embodiment, a finer adaptation of the desired mechanical and tribological properties of the slide bed 1 to the conditions of use concerned is possible.

FIG. 7 shows a semi-finished product 28 for positioning the sliding bearing 1 half bowl 2 (associated reference numbers: see Fig. 1). . This semi-finished product is still in a flat state, ie. before the transformation to a half bowl 2. The semi-finished product 28 shows the support layer 3 with two adjacent segments 5 and the grease layer 4 with two segments 9. The individual segments 5, 9 are as shown in the example in FIG. 1 located in the circumferential direction 11 of the slide bed 1 (Fig. 1). In the connection area 6 between the segments 5 of the support layer 3, there is a radial direction above, i.e. in the direction towards the running surface 19, a V-shaped groove 29 is placed, i.e. not only in the region of axially oriented 15 opposite outer end faces 30, 31 of the guild layer 4 and its segments 9, but also bevels 32, 33 have been formed between the guild layer 4 segments 9. The later conversion to the half bowl 2 is thus simplified while reducing the stresses caused therein in the guild layer 4. If required, this area between the segments 9 of the guild layer 4 after the transformation can also be connected materially to form a connection area 10, such as for example. is described for the embodiment according to FIG. 2nd

Of course, this groove 29 may also have a different cross-section allowing for simplification of the transformation. It is not imperative that this groove 29 extend over the entire thickness of the grease layer 4 to the surface 7 of the support layer 3, but the groove 29 may have a depth less than the layer thickness of the grease layer 4, ie. its segments 9.

In principle, in the construction of the slide bearing 1 with more than two layers, more than one layer may be provided with such notes, whereby the bevel of the sidewalls may also be different and adapted to the radius of the layer in question.

FIG. 8 and 9 are top views of the support segments 3 segments 5. All additional layers, if any, are removed to facilitate imaging.

The preferred embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. 8 with connecting regions 6 oriented in axial direction 15 between the segments 5.

However, as is shown in FIG. 9, that the connecting region 5 between two segments extends inclined towards the axial direction 15. In particular, an angle of inclination 34 for the above reasons, which is occupied by the connecting region 6 with the axial direction 15, is selected from a region with a lower limit of 2 ° and a upper limit of 30 °. It is also possible to select this angle of inclination from an area with a lower limit of 7 ° and an upper limit of 25 °.

In principle, the single layers of the slide bearing may consist of materials well known in the art for the layers in the slide bearing and of materials applicable to slide bearings 1. The slide bearing 1 consists at least for the most part of metals or metal alloys. By "at least for the most part" it is meant that the radially inner layer of the sliding bearing 1 may also be formed of a sliding lacquer, ie the layer which is located opposite the structural part to be stored. Optionally, this zipper layer may also be made up of several sub-layers. In particular, when separating a sliding layer on the sliding bearing 1 as the radially inner layer of the half-bowl 2, this is applied after the transformation of the semi-finished product, e.g. half-finished 28 to the half-bowl 2, so that this sliding layer is placed throughout the sliding bed 1 without segment formation. This is justified by the fact that, as is well known, sliding lacquer layers can be produced by a simple spraying of the sliding lacquer and subsequent polymerization of the polymerisable components of the lacquer. Of course, it is also possible that the sliding lacquer may also be placed as segments in the sliding bearing 1.

The support layer 3 and at least some of the support layer 3 segments 5 may preferably consist of steel or a material which will be known to those skilled in the art, e.g. brass. Other materials that can meet the press fit requirements can also be used.

For the or at least a single segment of the bearing metal layer 18, the following alloys may be used:

Aluminum base metals (partly according to DIN ISO 4381 and 4383): AlSn6CuNi, AlZn5SiCuPBMg, AlSn20Cu, AlSi4Cd, AlCd3CuNi, AlSillCu, AlSn6Cu, AlSn40, AlSn25CuMn, AlSn

Copper base metals (partly according to DIN ISO 4383): CuPblOSnlO, CuSnlO, CuPbl5Sn7, CuPb20Sn4, CuPb22Sn2, CuPb24Sn4, CuPb24Sn, CuSn8P, CuPb5Sn5Zn, CuSn7Pb7Zn3, CuSn7Pb7Zn3, CuSn7Pb7Zn Lead metals on lead:

PbSblOSn6, PbSbl5SnlO, PbSbl5SnAs, PbSbl4Sn9CuAs, PbSnlOCu2, PbSnl8Cu2, PbSnl0TiO2, PbSn9Cd, PbSnlO;

Tin base metals:

SnSb8Cu4, SnSbl2Cu6Pb.

Of course, other than said bearing metals can also be used on aluminum, copper, lead or tin basis, in particular all of the prior art metal metals.

Lead-free bearing metals are preferably used.

For the or at least one segment of adhesive layer (s), e.g. layers of aluminum or aluminum alloys such as AISC3, or of Mn, Ni, Fe, Cr, Co, Cu, Ag, Mo, Pd and their alloys as well as NiSn and CuSn alloys etc. are used, whereby all materials known in the art can be used here to improve adhesion.

For the or at least single segment of diffusion barrier layers (s), aluminum and aluminum alloy layers or nickel layers or layers of Mn, Ni, Fe, Cr, Co, Cu, Ag, Mo, Pd and their alloys can also be used.

Aluminum base alloys such as AlSn20Cu, AlSn40Cu, AlBil5Mo2, AlBillCuO, 5NiO, 5, AlBi25Cu, tin base alloys such as SnSbl5Cu5, SnSb4Cul Sn, white metal alloys, nickel alloys, etc. It should be noted that this count is for example only in character, since all the materials known from the prior art can be used for the guild layers 4 of the segments 9. In principle, the individual segments, ie. segments 5 and 9, be formed within a layer of the same material, e.g. to enable larger bearing widths for slide bearings 1. However, in the preferred embodiment of the invention, the segments within a layer in the slide bed 1 consist of different materials, ie. that the at least two segments differ with respect to material. It is also possible that the same material is used for all segments, so that the materials for at least two segments within a layer have different properties, in particular different hardness or a different intrinsic stress course. This can be achieved by subjecting the materials to various pretreatments, as is known in the art, so that these materials, i.e. the segments, despite their similar composition, have a different property profile. In particular, in addition to the support layer 3, i. the supporting layer 3 segments 5, the applying layer 4 segments 9 and / or the base metal layer 18 segments or the segments of at least one additional layer consist of a material having different properties relative to the material of an additional segment in the same layer.

It should be noted here that embodiments within the scope of the invention are possible which, in addition to the support layer 3, have only a sliding layer 4 or in addition to the support layer 3, only a bearing metal layer 18.

As already mentioned, the individual segments in the individual layers in the sliding bearing 1 consist of metals or metal alloys, ie with the exception of the previously mentioned sliding layer, not of plastics. Furthermore, these layers preferably do not consist of a sintering material.

By using metal alloys within a layer, this layer's segments can be made from various metal alloys.

In order to produce a slide bearing 1, the individual segments within a layer, as already mentioned, can thus be the segments 5 in the support layer 3 and optionally the segments in a further layer, ie e.g. the segments 9 of the gild layer 4 or the sheet metal layer 18 may be material-sealing or form-sealing connected or connected via a press connection. In principle, this is a welding process, such as electron beam welding, or brazing, in particular, brazing known from the ordinary state of the art, possible for the preparation of the material-closing compound. In this way, only the material compatibility between the additional material and the material of the individual segments must be observed. Accordingly, known additive materials are selected. In the preferred embodiment of the method, the segments are interconnected within a layer of the slide bed 1 by laser beam welding, so that in this case preferably no further material is used to make the weld joint, but the connection is formed by melting the material of the segments into the connection areas. ie e.g. Hereby the advantage is obtained that the preparation of the compound without excessive heating of the adjacent areas, in particular the areas adjacent to the connecting regions 6, 9, is possible, whereby the individual segments within a layer are also possible. at least approximately as a whole, are connected to each other via the layer thickness, so that a weld seam extending over the layer thickness is formed. By "at least approximately" in this case is meant that it is fully possible that a core zone within the segments, which may be up to 5% of the layer thickness of the layer in question, is not connected. This '' disadvantage '' is acceptable, as a further reduction of the temperature load can be achieved in the bi-regions adjacent to the connection areas between the segments. However, it is a premise that the sliding bearing cups meet the strength requirements.

Preferably, for laser welding, a beam intensity of the laser beam of at least 2 MW / cm 2 is used, so as to obtain a sufficient depth heating, ie. a melting of the material into the core layer of a layer in the slide bed 1.

In order to reduce the temperature load of the individual segments next to the connection areas between the segments, welding is preferably carried out from the back, ie the back 13, and from the front, ie the running surface 19, whereby the welding can generally be done from one side, ie e.g. in the direction of the back 13 or in the direction of the running surface 19.

Preferably, the welding of the individual segments is carried out prior to their conversion to half bowls 2, ie in the semi-finished products, e.g. semi-finished 28, still flat state. It is further preferred that the placement and separation of the at least one layer of the sliding bed 1, in addition to the support layer 3, is performed prior to the reshaping of the support layer 3 segments 5. In other words, this means that preferably flat substrates, i.e. flat or flat segments 5 of the support layer 3 is coated.

It is further preferred that this separation of the individual layers on the 3 segments of the support layer is carried out prior to the welding of the 1 segments of the slide bearing. This embodiment of the invention also has the advantage that different separation methods can be used to separate the individual layers on the segments 5 of the guild layer, so that e.g. For example, combinations of the galvanizing process may occur with PVD layers or roll-laminated layers within a layer of the slide bearing 1.

In addition to or in addition to the welding, it is possible to connect the segments by means of mold closure. in one end surface of a further segment has a groove, in particular a cut groove, e.g. with a dovetail-shaped cross section, and the additional segment on the corresponding surface has a corresponding spring. Optionally, this molding compound may also be extruded, especially during the conversion to the half bowl 2.

The invention has been extensively tested with various combinations of materials, however, in the following, only summaries of the experimental examples performed are stated so as not to break the scope of the description.

Example 1

Two steel strips with different pretreatment were roll-laminated to a support layer 3 having a width of 350 mm with a bearing metal layer of AlSn40Cul, whereby a steel strip bearing metal layer 18 at the same end thickness of the rolled steel strips of 15.5 mm due to a larger roll stick reduction has an approx. 10% greater strength. Of the two rolled steel strips, segments with a length of 1250 mm were cut into a half bowl and cursed along their dividing line by laser beam welding. The semi-finished product thus produced exhibited three segments, the middle of which consisted of the strip with the bearing metal layer 18 of greater strength and steel with less intrinsic stress, while the outer section bearing metal layer 18 had correspondingly less strength. Of this semi-finished product, two bearing plates with a useful width of 500 mm and a useful length of 1000 mm were cut and formed into the bearing bowl. The test of a sliding bearing 1 with these sliding bearing sea bowls shows a clearly better capacity characteristic in comparison with a sliding bearing of the same dimension and over the perimeter constant properties of the bearing metal layer 18.

Example 2

Cavitation damage usually occurs in plain bearings in very specific locations. To counteract such cavitation damage, a particularly strong bearing material must be used, which at conventional bearings leads to significant loss of the tribological properties and in the dirt embedding ability. If in the cavitation-sensitive perimeter areas a bearing bowl segment with a bearing metal layer of an AlSnlOCul alloy is used, and for the other sections a bearing metal layer of AlSn20Cul, cavitation damage can be avoided due to the harder bearing metal in the cavity-threatened sectional area, without the smudge-like features of the AlSn20Cul alloy for the total ratio of the slide bearing 1 is lost.

Example 3

Three equal plates are welded, the middle of which has a bearing metal layer of an AlSn40Cu alloy and the two outer plates have a bearing metal layer of a SnSb40Cu3 alloy, on a steel support bowl. The bearing bowls of this kind were used for connecting rod bearings and compared with conventional nursing bearings bearing a single bearing bowl with a steel support bowl and a bearing metal layer of AlSn40Cu to accommodate the main load. These bearings were tested for 250 hours of operation in an internal combustion engine and examined. Images of conventional bearings showed clear wear and tear on dirt particles all over the perimeter of the bearing, which, primarily in the main load area, with prolonged use leads to a disturbance in loadability. However, the bed according to the invention shows clear deposits of dirt particles in the soft, SnSb4oCu3 bearing areas, where the bed metal layer of AlSn40Cu in the main load zone was approximately free from scratches.

Example 4

To avoid fretting on the back 13 of the slide bed 1, the support layer 3 was made of two different types of steel, the two outer segments 5 consisting of steel C10 or the like and the segment 5 in the middle region of the support layer consisting of steel of the type C22 or the like. Due to the different voltages, ie. the different intrinsic stresses of these two steels, a sufficiently high voltage can be built up during the pressing-up process of the sliding bearing cups 1 in the bearing uptake. This sliding bearing 1 was compared with a sliding bearing according to the state of the art with only one segment, ie a continuous support layer 3. Experiments with increasing load were thus carried out until the sliding bearing half bowl began to turn. It was found hereby that the sliding bearing according to the invention, after 5000 hours running time, had significantly inferior traces of fretting. In addition, it was found that these bearings could absorb a load that is significantly greater before the sliding bearing cups rotate.

In this example, the stronger pieces of steel were thus placed in the partition area of the cooperating sliding half-shells, where the greatest stresses occur in the installation state.

In bearings with friction areas along the perimeter, such a stronger segment can also be used in this area. The same applies to the cavitation-critical places of the bearing, especially areas with lubrication holes.

Example 5

As the chemical and, above all, physical coating processes for larger bearings are currently uneconomical in series production, since the designed plants do not have an appropriate size, or that the design of special plants for larger sliding bearings 1 is uneconomical due to the smaller number requirement. at sliding bearings 1 made half bowls 2, which consisted of segments with the steel / lead bronze composition in the peripheral regions of the half bowl 2 and of a segment 5 with the steel / AlZn5 composition in the half-point region of the half bowl. In addition, a polyamidimide-based sliding layer with graphite and MO 2 as a lubricant was applied to the segments of the guild layers 4. These half-bowls 2 showed very good results, both in terms of loadability and in terms of fretting propensity.

Example 6

Example 5 was repeated, whereby for the strip segments a composition of steel / lead bronze / nickel / sliding varnish was selected and for the vertex segment a composition of steel / alBillCuO, 5NiO, 5 sputter layers. The results of Example 5 can thus be further improved.

The exemplary embodiments show possible embodiments of the slide bearing 1, whereby it should be noted that the invention is not limited to specially made embodiments, but that various mutual combinations of the individual embodiments are possible, and this possibility of variation due to the invention's teachings on technical handling is within the scope of the invention. one skilled in the art, skilled in the art.

Finally, for the sake of good order, it should be noted that the structure of the slide bearing 1, for better understanding thereof, appears partly out of scale and / or enlarged and / or diminished.

Reference List 1 Sliding Bearing 2 Half Bowl 3 Support Layer 4 Grease Layer 5 Segment 6 Connection Area 7 Surface 8 9 Segment 10 Connection Area 11 Layer 13 Back, Back 14 Anti-Friction Layer 15 Direction 16 End Surface 17 End Surface 18 Bearing Metal Layer 19 Inlet Layer 21 Surface Layer Send Surface 22 23 center area 24 total layer thickness 25 edge area 26 edge area 27 middle area 28 semi-finished 29 groove 30 end face 31 end face 32 bevel 33 bevel 34 inclination angle

Claims (25)

Sliding bearing (1) in the form of a half-bowl (2) comprising a supporting layer (3), a bearing metal layer (18) and / or a sliding layer (4), characterized in that the supporting layer (3) consists of several interconnected segments (5) between which a connecting region (6) is formed and the segments (5, 9) of at least the supporting layer (3) are arranged side by side in the circumferential direction of the half-bowl (2) and interconnected by welding. Sliding bearing (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the bearing metal layer (18) and / or the guiding layer (4) consists of several segments (9). Sliding bearing (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that between the gilding layer (4) and the bearing metal layer (18) or the supporting layer (3) or between the bearing metal layer (18) and the supporting layer (3) or on the back side of the supporting layer (3) is arranged at least one further layer and that all layers consist of several segments (5, 9). Sliding bearing (1) according to one of claims 1-3, characterized in that at least one segment (5, 9) of at least the supporting layer (3) or the bearing metal layer (18) or the guiding layer (4) or the at least one additional layer consists of a material having different properties than the material for the additional segment of the same layer (5, 9). Sliding bearing (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the different property is the hardness and / or intrinsic tension of the segments (5, 9). Sliding bearing (1) according to one of claims 1-5, characterized in that at least one segment (5, 9) of the at least support layer (3) or the bearing metal layer (18) or the guiding layer (4) or the at least one additional layer consists of a material having a different composition from the material for the additional segment of the same layer (5, 9). Sliding bearing (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the segments (5, 9) are arranged partially overlapping and steplessly adjacent to each other. Sliding bearing (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the connection area (s) (6, 10) extend inclined in the circumferential direction (11) of the half bowl (2). Sliding bearing (1) according to one of claims 1-8, characterized in that at least two of the segments (5, 9) of the half-bowl (2) have a different number of layers arranged one above the other. Sliding bearing (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that the total layer thickness of the half-bowl (2) in the radial direction at a different number of layers arranged above each other is at least approximately constant. Sliding bearing (1) according to one of claims 1-9, characterized in that at least two of the segments (5, 9) of the half bowl (2) have different overall layer thickness. Sliding bearing (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that at least one of the segments (5) of the support layer (3) has several segments (9) for the bearing metal layer (18) and / or the guiding layer (4). Sliding bearing (1) according to one of claims 1-12, characterized in that the connecting region (6, 10) between two segments (5, 9) is formed of the material of the segments (5, 9). A method of making a sliding bearing half bowl comprising a support layer (3) and at least one further layer, wherein the supporting layer (3) is formed by a flat substrate by transformation into the sliding bearing half bowl and at least disposed on the supporting layer (3). a further layer, characterized in that the support layer (3) is composed of several segments (5), the segments (5, 9) of at least the support layer (3) are arranged side by side in the circumferential direction of the half-bowl (2) and the segments (5) is interconnected by a welding process. Method according to claim 14, characterized in that the at least one additional layer is also composed of several segments. Method according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that at least one additional layer is applied before the connection of the supporting layer (3) segments with one another. Method according to one of claims 14-16, characterized in that the conversion of the segments (5) to the slide bearing half-bowl is carried out after the application of the at least one additional layer. Method according to one of claims 14-17, characterized in that the connection of the segments (5) of the support layer (3) is carried out before its transformation to the slide bearing half bowl. Method according to one of claims 14-19, characterized in that the connection of the segments (5) of the support layer (3) is performed by laser welding. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that a beam intensity of the laser beam of at least 2 MW / cm 2 is used. Method according to one of claims 14-20, characterized in that the segments (5, 9) can be welded together without an added material. Method according to one of claims 14-21, characterized in that the segments (5, 9) are welded both from the back and the front as seen in the radial direction of the slide bearing half bowl. Method according to one of claims 14-22, characterized in that at least two segments (5) of the support layer (3) are used metals or metal alloys with different properties. Method according to claim 23, characterized in that different metals or metal alloys are used for the support layer (3) of at least two segments (5). Method according to one of claims 14-24, characterized in that at least two of the segments of the at least one additional layer are made by different coating methods.