KR20110102172A - Fermented complex feed for cow - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a feed for cows or beef cattle, and more particularly to a mixed-fermented feed for cows or beef cattle, characterized in that the mixed feed fermentation ingredients and fertilizer ingredients at the same time.
According to the present invention, since the rich feed and the fertilizer are fermented at the same time, it is possible to obtain a mixed-fermented feed having high palatability and nutritional value, and has a low practicality as a conventional feedstock, and thus has low practicality (for example, straw, grass, leaves). Etc.) can be used as a feed to increase the added value of the concentrated acid value, and can be used without pre-treatment, such as corn flakes and raw rice bran, which is difficult to digest conventionally, so that the feed production cost can be reduced while increasing the nutritional value of the feed. do.
In addition, the mixed-fermented feed of the present invention has a protective effect on digestive diseases, respiratory diseases, postpartum diseases and foot and mouth disease of cows or beef cattle.

Description

FERMENTED COMPLEX FEED FOR COW

The present invention relates to a feed for cows or beef cattle, and more particularly, mixed-fermentation to diversify the raw materials of cattle feed by increasing fermentation and fermentation at the same time by mixing the rich feed and the fertilizer in an appropriate ratio. It is about feed.

Cattle feed is divided into rich feed for nutrient supply and research feed that serves to enhance the utilization efficiency of rich feed while providing essential nutrients to herbivores. In general, the rich feed is low in fiber content, high in calories and protein, and the forage, in contrast, is high in crude fiber and low in calories and protein. In particular, forage is a basic feed for herbivores and is essential for the maintenance of good health.

Conventional research for improving livestock feed has been focused on the field of improving the digestibility of rich feeds and forages, increasing palatability, and developing more economical feedstocks. As a result, in the case of rich feed, a method of grinding the rich feed ingredients to increase the surface area of the raw material, or steaming or flaking to increase the degradability of the starch has been developed. In the case of forage, there is a limit to supplying raw grass, which is a food for herbivores, so chemical treatment (e.g., ammonia treatment, NaOH treatment, etc.) is performed to increase palatability so that cows can feed hay or straw instead of raw grass. ) And fermentation treatment methods have been developed, and mainly fermentation methods are utilized.

On the other hand, there are inconsistencies in the manufacturing process because the feed mixtures prepared and sold by the feed manufacturing company and the prepared feeds prepared or purchased separately in the livestock farms are mixed at a certain ratio. Therefore, it was not possible to comprehensively manage nutritional components. In order to solve this problem, a complete feed including a rich feed and a forage has been developed. However, these feeds were simply a mixture of rich and forage feeds.

According to the prior art, [whether the feed is mixed directly from the livestock farmers, or if the feed is a combination of the rich feed and the feed in a certain ratio], when feeding the feed and the feed at the same time, the feeding preference of the feed is Because of the very low rate, large amounts of feed are discarded instead of being fed (separated vegan), which means that it is not possible to feed the appropriate rich feed and feed ratio. In order to increase the palatability of the forage, there is also a method of fermenting and feeding the fertilizer, but in this case, rather than leaving the rich feed often occurs.

In addition, according to the prior art, in the case of nutrient-rich (rice) bran or salt cake, since the oil content is large, a degreasing process is necessary. The degreasing process not only consumes energy but also has the side effect of reducing the nutritional value of the raw materials.

An object of the present invention is to provide a rich feed and a feed mixed with good nutritional properties and good nutritional properties.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a rich feed and a mixed feed of good palatability and nutritional properties by using the raw material of the conventional small feed value.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a mixed feed of rich feed and forage that lowers the manufacturing cost of the feed, and increases the nutritional characteristics by allowing the raw materials used in the prior pre-treatment as it is.

In addition, the present invention aims to provide a rich feed and a mixed feed that can significantly increase the profits of cattle farms by producing high-quality meat while reducing the breeding period.

In another aspect, the present invention is to significantly improve the health condition of cattle, effective in digestive diseases, respiratory diseases, postpartum diseases, and particularly to provide a mixed-fermented feed effective for foot-and-mouth disease.

The present invention for achieving the above object relates to a mixed-fermented feed for cows or beef cattle mixed-fermented at the same time the rich feed ingredient and the forage ingredient. Of course, it is obvious that other useful ingredients may be included as needed, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

More specifically, the mixed-fermented feed in the present invention, it is preferable that the rich feed 45 ~ 90% by weight, 10 ~ 55% by weight of the feed. At this time, the final moisture content of the mixed-fermented feed is preferably adjusted to be 35 to 50% by weight. That is, after mixing the rich feed and the forage at the above ratio on the basis of the dry matter is to add the water to the water content. The dried thick feed and the irradiated foods have a certain amount (usually about 10 to 20% by weight) of water, so that the moisture is added in consideration of that. In the following example (Table 1), as a result of the preliminary analysis, both the rich feed and the forage as a raw material showed about 15% water content. Therefore, first, add 45 to 87% by weight of rich feed and 13 to 55% by weight of fertilizer to make 100% by weight, and then add 30 parts by weight of water to 100 parts by weight of the mixture, and the final moisture content is 35 to 50% by weight. Was made.

If the feed is supplied more than necessary, the total calorie and nutrient concentration of the whole feed is lowered. Therefore, the weight gain rate per day is lowered. On the contrary, if the content of the feed is too low, the calorie and nutrient concentration of the feed is high, but the rumen function decreases Digestion efficiency is lowered and weight gain rate is lowered.

The rich feed that can be used in the present invention includes seed fruits (grains such as wheat, oats, corn), bran (rice bran, bran, barley bran, etc., by-products obtained by refining grains), grounds (soybeans, rapeseed, sesame seeds, etc.). Oil by-products, oils such as linseed oil, coco palm oil (copramyl), starch waste from sweet potatoes, potatoes, etc. Milk powder, dry whey, etc.), and other rich feeds (yeast yeast, chlorella, seaweed, etc.), or a mixture of various raw materials.

In the present invention, the irradiant can be used a conventional irradiate without particular limitation on its kind, and for example, at least one selected from straw, grasses, leaves, alfalfa and the like can be used.

On the other hand, in the present invention, in order to balance the nutritional content of the feed and to promote fermentation, other nutrient sources consisting of salt, limestone, molasses, trace minerals, vitamins, and microbial preparations based on 100 parts by weight of the rich feed and forage mixture It is more preferable to add 0.2 to 1.0 parts by weight, respectively.

At this time, the microbial agent, Bacillus subtilis ( B. subtilis ), Bacillus rickeniformis ( B. licheniformis ), Bacillus coagulans ( B. coagulans ), Lactobacillus plantarium ( L. platntarum ), Lactobacillus ash's also a filler (L. acidophilus), Lactobacillus momentum spread (L. fermentum), Casey Lactobacillus (L. casei), Bifidobacterium Annie Marlies (B. animalis), Streptococcus filler Thermo's (S. thermophilus ), S. cerevisiae , S. cerevisiae , R. sphaeroides ( R. sphaeroides ), and may include one or more of the microbial group consisting of R. delemar ( R. delemar ).

In the present invention, the fermentation process, the raw materials are evenly mixed and then packed in an airtight space (packing), preferably at room temperature (15 ~ 45 ℃). The fermentation period will vary depending on the temperature, but at least 2-3 days is recommended. The test showed good fermentation even after 3 months (storage) in the packed state.

For cattle, nutritional requirements vary depending on the age of the cow. Therefore, it is preferable that the mixing ratio of the mixed-fermented feed for cows or beef cattle according to the present invention varies depending on the age of the cow. That is, in the case of young cattle (3 to 12 months old), cattle cattle cattle (13 to 18 months old) and cattle cattle (19 months old or older), 45 to 55% by weight of rich feed and 45 to 55% by weight of feed, respectively. The rich feed is 75 to 85% by weight, 15-25% by weight of the feed, 80-90% by weight of the rich feed and 10-20% by weight of the feed is good.

As described above, according to the present invention, since the rich feed and the fertilizer are mixed and fermented at the same time, a mixed-fermented feed having high palatability and nutritional value can be obtained.

In addition, according to the present invention, it is possible to use a feed material (for example, straw, grass, leaves, etc.), which has a very low value as a conventional feed material, and has poor practicality, thereby increasing the added value of the concentrated acid value.

In addition, according to the present invention, it is possible to utilize corn flakes and raw rice bran, which are difficult to digest in the past, without pretreatment, thereby reducing feed production costs while increasing the nutritional value of the feed.

In addition, according to the present invention, in the "simultaneous fermentation" process, not only the feed material but also the rich feed are pretreated by the fermentation microorganism to increase the digestion absorption rate, so that the feed efficiency of the mixed-fermented feed can be increased. In addition, during the "simultaneous fermentation" process, the flavor that stimulates the eating habits is generated and soaked in each raw material, thus preventing the separation vegetarianism (which leaves one of the rich feed or forage).

In addition, according to the present invention, the breeding period of cattle is ultimately shortened and the quality of cattle is improved, and the profit of cattle farms is greatly increased.

In accordance with the present invention, the present invention significantly improves the health of cattle and is effective in digestive diseases, respiratory diseases and postpartum diseases, and particularly, it is possible to provide a mixed-fermented feed having an effect on foot and mouth disease.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail. The following description is only an example for easily describing the content and scope of the technical idea of the present invention, whereby the technical scope of the present invention is not limited or changed. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention based on these examples.

Preparation of Mixed Fermented Feeds

Each of the raw materials were evenly mixed according to the composition ratio shown in Table 1, then packed in an airtight space, and fermented at 20 ~ 25 ℃ for 3 days to prepare a mixed-fermented feed.

Raw material Compounding ratio (% by weight) Children's use For cattle cattle For late cattle
(1) rich feed Bass Mix 3 25.48 22.82 14.94 Fresh rice 9.34 9.13 5.19 Corn Flakes - 22.82 37.38 (2) Survey fee Straw 16.99 13.69 11.94 Alfalfa 16.82 - - (3) other Microbial agents 0.24 0.23 0.30 Limestone 0.29 0.29 0.38 water 30.84 31.03 29.88 Sum 100.00 100.00 100.00

Each raw material was dried to the extent that is normally used, and the moisture content of the rich feed and the forage was around 15%.

For the convenience of manufacturing, <Total> is expressed as 100 in Table 1 above, but the ratio of the rich feed (1) and the forage (2) on the basis of the dry matter is 44%, 55% for cattle, cattle cattle cattle, and cattle cattle cattle, respectively. Wt% and 45-55 wt%], [75-85 wt% and 25-35 wt%] and [80-90 wt% and 10-20 wt%] are preferable.

For the research, rice straw, which is easy to obtain and low in price, was mainly used for research, and corn flakes and rice bran which were easily available and widely used for thick feed. For the rice bran, fresh rice bran was used without degreasing.

The forage was cut into 3-10 cm size.

For young cattle, corn flakes that are difficult to digest were excluded, and alfalfa, which is relatively easy to digest and rich in protein, was added as a forage.

As a microbial agent, 'probiotic for fermenting a mixed feed' according to the inventor's patent (No. 876521) was used.

Example  1-3 and Comparative example  1-3

The three mixed-fermented feeds prepared above (Examples 1 to 3) and the rich feed and the feed were mixed at the composition ratio shown in Table 1 above, but the feed was mixed with the rich feed by fermenting only the feed (Comparative Example 1 Table 3 shows the results (average) of 90 days of salary 3). As an experimental group for each Example and Comparative Example, cow 3, hydrogen 3 was selected and the experiment was carried out.

Children's use
(7-9 months old) For cattle cattle
(14-16 months of age) For late cattle
(19-21 months of age) Example 1 Comparative Example 1 Example 2 Comparative Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 3 Daily Feed Intake per Soy (kg) 11.8 8.3 15.3 12.4 20.3 7.8 Starting weight (kg) 180 182 347 336 490 449 Weight (kg) 234 225 415 380 585 503 Weight gain (kg) 54 43 68 44 95 54 Daily weight gain per head (kg) 0.60 0.48 0.76 0.49 1.06 0.6 Vegetarianism
(Feed loss) none (15-20%) Almost none (15-20%) Almost none (15-20%) Diarrhea frequency none 5 occurrences none Occur once none none Feed efficiency (%) for 90 days 5.08 5.78 4.96 3.95 5.22 7.69 Etc -In case of raw material fluctuation: The raw material itself may move due to long-term feeding. At this time, all of the comparative groups had diarrhea for about one week.
-Amount of sides: The amount of sides in the example group was about 20-30% less than the amount of sides in the comparative group.

As can be seen, the mixed-fermented feed obtained by fermenting the concentrated feed and the feed according to the present invention at the same time is superior to the conventional feed prepared by fermenting only the feed and mixed with the concentrated feed. There is an effect to increase. As shown in Table 2, the feed according to the present invention showed a superior feeding amount compared to the comparative example.

In addition, the rich feed and forage were fermented by interaction, so the rich feed was soft and fragrant, so the cows fed the whole well. On the other hand, according to the comparative example, since the rich feed is simply mixed with the fermented forage, a separated vegan phenomenon that leaves corn flakes appears, and about 15 to 20% by weight of the feed was discarded (not eaten).

Accordingly, the group fed the mixed-fermented feed according to the present invention showed a relatively low feed efficiency compared to the comparative group, but the amount of weight gain per day was much better. This means that the group fed the mixed-fermented feed according to the present invention has a slightly lower feed efficiency, but shortens the breeding period and ultimately reduces feed costs until shipment (at a certain weight). As a result, the income of cattle farmers is increased.

In cattle, diarrhea is divided into diseases caused by the disease and changes in feedstock, resulting in inadequate digestion of the digestive organs. In the examples, diarrhea did not occur at all in the experimental group, whether due to disease or raw material variation. On the other hand, in the experimental group of the comparative example, diarrhea due to disease appeared in part, especially in childhood, and diarrhea due to indigestion was common for about 1 week when changing feed. Therefore, in the mixed-fermented feed according to the present invention, even if the characteristics of the raw material (for example, freshness, nutritional value, nutritional ratio, etc.) change, the characteristics of the final feed have little effect, so that the risk of raw material variation can be eliminated. It is obvious.

On the other hand, when the mixed-fermented feed according to the present invention was fed throughout the growth cycle, at least about 95% of the cattle received a grade 1 (high grade meat) determination.

Therefore, the mixed-fermented feed according to the present invention induces the feeding activity of the cattle vigorously and rapidly increases (that is, the breeding period is reduced), and the quality of the cattle is very excellent (ie, the value of the product is greatly increased). It can greatly contribute to the development of cattle industry.

Examples 4-6

The health status of cows and beef cattle in each ranch following the development of foot-and-mouth disease in three ranches (pasture name: Pyeongsong, Malak, Kwangmyeong) fed the feed according to the present invention is shown in Table 3 below. The breeding size of Example 4 (prior to flat) was 137 heads, the breeding size of Example 5 (malok) was 46 heads, and the breeding size of Example 6 (light) was 67 heads.

Vaccination Date Foot and mouth disease
Date of occurrence
Outbreak area
Health
Primary Secondary Example 4 2010.12.19 Nearby 100m Pig Farm Good 2011.01.03 Good 2011.01.10 Nearby 50m Pig Farm Good 2011.01.15 2 km Hanwoo Farm Good 2011.01.19 Nearby 70m Pig Farm Good 2011.01.29 Nearby 500m Pig Farm Good 2011.02.03 Good Example 5 2010.12.27 1.8km Hanwoo Farm Good 2010.12.29 Good 2011.02.02 Good Example 6 2011.01.20 Good 2011.02.01 3 km from Hanwoo Farm Good

As can be seen in Table 3 above, in the case of Example 4 (before the dispatch), the foot-and-mouth disease in other farms in the vicinity (50m, 70m, 500m) and 2km away from the danger zone without the first vaccination In spite of this, it can be seen that the subjects remained healthy. In addition, in the case of Example 5 (malok), even if the foot-and-mouth disease occurred in another farm located in the danger zone (1.8 km) in the state without vaccination at all, the foot-and-mouth disease until the end of the first and second vaccination It did not occur and was in good health. Example 6 (light) also maintained good health despite the outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease on another farm located at a nearby (3 km) distance without vaccination of the vaccine.

Therefore, from the results of Examples 4 to 6, even though foot-and-mouth disease was generated in a very close area in the pastures fed the mixed-fermented feed according to the present invention, the foot-and-mouth disease was maintained without the foot-and-mouth disease occurring. Able to know.

On the other hand, with respect to the cattle of the embodiments 4 to 6, in cows 90 days before and after feeding, according to the present invention, digestive diseases such as diarrhea, respiratory diseases such as pneumonia and endometritis, vaginitis, endometritis, placenta The effect of improvement in health, expressed as post-partum disease incidence and yearly spontaneous head and drug costs, is shown in Table 4 below.

Feed feed before the present invention (occurrence rate) After feed of the present invention (% incidence) Example 4 Digestive diseases 20% 5% Respiratory Disease 20% 10% Postpartum Disease 30% 5% Culling head 12 heads 6 heads Drug costs per year 18 million won 5 million won Example 5



Digestive diseases 30% 10% Respiratory Disease 15% 10% Postpartum Disease 20% 5% Culling head 5 heads 2 heads Drug costs per year 6 million won 2.5 million won Example 6



Digestive diseases 30% 10% Respiratory Disease 15% 10% Postpartum Disease 20% 5% Culling head 10 heads 5 heads Drug costs per year 7.2 million won 4 million won

As can be seen from Table 4, after the mixed-fermented feed according to the present invention, the incidence of digestive disease, respiratory disease, postpartum disease, etc. was significantly reduced, and there was an improvement in health of cattle.

Claims (9)

A mixed-fermented feed for cows or beef cattle, characterized in that the rich feed ingredient and the forage ingredient are simultaneously mixed-fermented.
The method of claim 1,
The rich feed and forage is a mixed-fermented feed for cows or beef, characterized in that used as a dry feed 45 to 90% by weight and 10 to 55% by weight of the feed.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
To 100 parts by weight of the rich feed and forage mixture, a nutrient source consisting of salt, limestone, molasses, trace minerals and vitamins, and microbial agent is further added 0.2 to 1.0 parts by weight, respectively, mixed-fermented for cows or beef cattle feed.
The method of claim 3, wherein the microbial agent,
Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis), Bacillus Fort Lee Kenny Miss (B. licheniformis), Bacillus core tangerine lance (B. coagulans), Lactobacillus Planta volume (L. platntarum), Lactobacillus ash FIG filler's (L acidophilus ), L. fermentum , L. caseil , L. casei , Bifidobacterium animalis , S. thermophilus , Saccharomyces Mixed-fermented feed for cows or beef cattle, characterized in that at least one of the microbial group consisting of S. cerevisiae , R. sphaeroides , R. delemar .
The method according to claim 1 or 2,
The mixed-fermented feed is mixed-fermented feed for cows or beef, characterized in that fermented at 15 ~ 45 ℃.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
The rich feed and forage is a mixed-fermented feed for cows or beef, characterized in that used as a rich feed 45 ~ 55% by weight and 45 ~ 55% by weight of the feed.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
The rich feed and forage is a mixed-fermented feed for cows or beef, characterized in that used as a rich feed 75 to 85% by weight and 15 to 25% by weight of dry matter.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
The rich feed and forage is a mixed-fermented feed for cows or beef, characterized in that used as a dry feed 80 to 90% by weight and 10 to 20% by weight of the feed.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
The mixed-fermented feed is a mixed-fermented feed for cows or beef, characterized in that it has a protective effect against digestive diseases, respiratory diseases, postpartum diseases and foot and mouth disease.