KR20090093641A - Method of Fabricating Tile - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for manufacturing interior and exterior decorative loess tiles is provided to secure high intensity resulting from metal oxides and specific color resulting from a reduction thermal process. A method for manufacturing interior and exterior decorative loess tiles comprises the following steps of: mixing powdered loess clay and 0-10wt% of one material selected from the group consisting of ferric oxide powder, manganese oxide powder, chrome oxide powder, copper oxide powder, titanium dioxide powder and their mixture to prepare a base powder; mixing the base powder with water; extruding the mixture to mold into first tiles; drying the first tiles in a room and forming second tiles; sintering the second tiles and forming third tiles; and reduction thermal treating the third tiles.

Description

Tile manufacturing process {Method of Fabricating Tile}

The present invention relates to a method for producing a tile, and more particularly, to a technology for manufacturing interior and exterior tiles for building, which can realize high quality through high strength and color change in the manufacture of a tile containing ocher-based clay.

Due to the industrialization of cities and farming and fishing villages due to the development of technology, it has been a long time since most residential spaces are built with cement and concrete, and the buildings built with cement and concrete have artificially controlled indoor ventilation, humidity, and temperature. By doing so, even if living in a state that is almost exposed to electromagnetic waves, not too much, the accumulation of chemicals, such as nano-gas generated in cement, concrete, has a bad effect on the human body, causing the so-called modern disease even more.

Therefore, in accordance with the situation of the times, yellow soil, which is a raw material of Korea's unique building materials, has recently been in the limelight again, which is good for the human body because it has excellent temperature control ability and emits a large amount of far infrared rays, and it is cool in summer because of its excellent thermal insulation / thermal insulation In addition to being warm in winter, the humidity control and ventilation function is superior to other materials, and the raw material is easy to purchase, making it a popular construction material for apartments and buildings.

This loess is mainly distributed in Northeast Asia, including the Korean Peninsula and the Yellow River coast of China's North China, and mainly contains quartz, and other yellowish brown lime that contains fluorite, hornblende, and so on. It is excellent and has been known to have a beneficial weakness to the human body.

In recent years, many studies have been conducted on scientific research on ocher, and the ocher emits a large amount of far infrared rays and blocks harmful electromagnetic waves.The amount of ocher cutlery contains hundreds of millions of microorganisms and various enzymes, It has also been scientifically proven to have a very beneficial effect on the human body in many ways. Thus, ocher has been spotlighted as a material for living furniture, such as bedding mats, ocher beds, food containers for building or building, interior materials, exterior materials, and ondol, and the range of their application is also rapidly increasing.

On the other hand, pure ocher has poor thermal conductivity and heat storage property, and when mixed with water, its viscosity is so large that it is difficult to be molded into a specific shape, and after curing (after moisture evaporates), cracks are formed on the surface. There is a problem that it is difficult to commercialize by itself.

Thus, conventionally, ocher products mixed with other materials such as cement, lime, sand or stone powder in ocher are put into specific molds and then cured, such as ocher mats, various food containers, building interior material ocher tiles, etc. Has been used.

Here, the conventional tile manufacturing method using the ocher clay is the following process.

First, clay powder and kaolin powder containing about 20% of moisture as a raw material are mixed using a mixer.

Next, a raw material feeding process is performed in which a mixture of clay powder and kaolin powder is supplied to a roller crusher using a conveyor belt.

Then, a pulverization process is performed to finely crush a mixture of clay powder and kaolin powder fed to the roller crusher.

Then, the mixed pulverized powder of the pulverized clay powder and kaolin powder is transferred to the coma and kneader, and the mixed pulverized powder is mixed by the screw of the coma and kneader while supplying about 22% water to the mixed pulverized powder. A coma / kneading process is performed.

Thereafter, the mixture subjected to the coma / kneading process is fed into a vacuum grinder to remove the air contained in the mixture by vacuum pressure, and a vacuum grind molding process is performed in which the mixture is continuously extruded through a nozzle in the form of tile scraps.

Thereafter, the cutter is cut into tiles and the cut tiles are put into a drying chamber to perform a drying process for about two days.

Next, the dried tiles are loaded into a baking trolley and put into a kiln, and a firing process is performed for about 20 hours.

Thus, it was possible to produce ocher tiles through mixing and firing raw materials, but the product quality was low because the strength of the product was low and the color was not varied.

The present invention calcined by adding any one selected from iron oxide powder, manganese oxide powder, chromium oxide powder, copper oxide powder, titanium oxide powder, and mixed powder thereof to ocher clay powder in a raw material mixing process by more than 0 wt% or less After the completion of the process, the calcined tile is impregnated into a slurry in which any one selected from iron oxide powder, manganese oxide powder, chromium oxide powder, copper oxide powder, titanium oxide powder, and a mixed powder thereof and water are mixed, followed by reduction heat treatment. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing ocher tiles having high strength and high quality color by carrying out the process.

Tile manufacturing method according to the first embodiment of the present invention is any one selected from iron oxide (Fe ₂ O ₃ ) powder, manganese oxide powder, chromium oxide powder, copper oxide powder, titanium oxide powder and mixed powder thereof in ocher clay powder Adding one by more than 0 wt% or less to form a raw material powder; mixing the raw material powder with water and stirring; and stirring the stirred raw material using an extrusion process through a vacuum refining process. Forming a first tile, drying the first tile indoors to form a second tile, performing a firing process on the second tile to form a third tile, and reducing heat treatment on the third tile Characterized in that it comprises the step of performing a process.

In addition, the tile manufacturing method according to the second embodiment of the present invention comprises the step of mixing the raw material powder containing clay clay powder with water and stirring, and using the extrusion process through the vacuum refining process Forming a first tile, drying the first tile indoors to form a second tile, performing a firing process on the second tile to form a third tile, and forming the third tile. The fourth tile is formed by impregnating a slurry in which water selected from iron oxide (Fe ₂ O ₃ ), manganese oxide, chromium oxide, copper oxide, titanium oxide, and a mixture thereof and water is mixed from 0.5: 1 to 2: 1. And performing a reduction heat treatment process on the fourth tile.

In addition, the tile manufacturing method according to the third embodiment of the present invention in the clay clay powder of iron oxide (Fe ₂ O ₃ ) powder, manganese oxide powder, chromium oxide powder, copper oxide powder, titanium oxide powder and mixed powder thereof Adding any one selected by more than 0 wt% or less to form a raw material powder, mixing the raw material powder with water and stirring the mixture, and using the extrusion process through the vacuum refining process. Forming a first tile, drying the first tile indoors to form a second tile, performing a firing process on the second tile, and forming a third tile; Is impregnated into a slurry in which water selected from iron oxide (Fe ₂ O ₃ ), manganese oxide, chromium oxide, copper oxide, titanium oxide, and a mixture thereof and water is mixed from 0.5: 1 to 2: 1 to form a fourth tile. Steps and said And performing a reduction heat treatment process on the fourth tile.

As described above, in the present invention, iron oxide (Fe ₂ O ₃ ), a compound of aluminosilicate of silica (SiO ₂ ) and alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ), which are the main components of ocher clay in the formation of interior and exterior ocher tiles, By adding any one selected from manganese oxide, chromium oxide, copper oxide, titanium oxide and mixtures thereof, high strength characteristics by metal oxides can be obtained. In addition, since the intrinsic color of the metal oxide can be obtained by performing a reduction heat treatment process, the tile manufacturing method according to the present invention provides an effect of efficiently producing the interior and exterior ocher tiles for building, which can give high strength and high quality colors. .

Ocher clay according to the present invention is a mixture of red clay and kaolin powder 60 to 70% by weight of silica (SiO ₂ ), 10 to 15% by weight of alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ), iron oxide (Fe ₂ O ₃ ) 2 to 6 weight % Is included and the remaining magnesium, sodium and lime components are included.

Their main mineral composition consists of 60 to 70% by volume of quartz, 10 to 20% by volume of feldspar and mica and 5 to 35% by volume, and other minerals such as zircon.

By adding any one selected from iron oxide, manganese oxide, chromium oxide, copper oxide, titanium oxide and mixtures thereof to such clay-based clay, it is possible to increase the strength and maintain high quality color while maintaining the beneficial components of the clay-clay. Can be.

It will be described below for the excellent properties according to the present invention for the examples according to the present invention.

However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, but will be implemented in various forms, and only the present embodiments are intended to complete the disclosure of the present invention, and the general knowledge in the art to which the present invention pertains. It is provided to fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art, and the present invention is defined only by the scope of the claims.

Example 1

60 to 70% by weight of silica (SiO ₂ ) and 10 to 15% by weight of alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ) and formed of the remaining magnesium, sodium and lime components, 60 to 70% by volume of quartz, feldspar and mica 10 to 20 The clay clay powder and kaolin powder having a mineral composition of volume% and 5 to 35 volume% are mixed using a mixer. At this time, iron oxide (Fe ₂ O ₃ ) is added by weight percent of more than 0 and less than 10.

Next, a raw material supply process is performed in which raw material powder mixed with iron oxide is supplied to a roller crusher using a conveyor belt.

Then, a pulverization process is performed to finely crush the raw material powder supplied to the roller crusher.

The comma / kneader is then conveyed to the coma and kneader, whereby the comminuted raw powder is transferred to the coma and kneader, and the raw material powder is mixed by the screw of the coma and kneader while mixing so that the ratio of the raw material powder to water is maintained at 6: 4. Perform the process.

Thereafter, the mixture subjected to the coma / kneading process is fed into a vacuum grinder to remove the air contained in the mixture by vacuum pressure, and a vacuum grind molding process is performed in which the mixture is continuously extruded through a nozzle in the form of tile scraps.

Then, the cutter is cut into tiles and the cut tiles are dried indoors.

Next, the dried tile is put into a heat treatment furnace, and a firing process is performed for 12 hours at a temperature of 1150 to 1250 degrees.

Next, the ocher tile is completed by reducing for 30 minutes to 5 hours at a temperature of 1100 ~ 1300 ℃.

Here, the iron oxide (Fe ₂ O ₃ ) is converted to metal iron (Fe) by removing the oxygen group contained in the existing oxide in a reducing atmosphere and a high vacuum atmosphere. At this time, depending on the degree of the reducing atmosphere may change only the surface of the oxide and all of the inside, it can be expressed in the color of the metal in accordance with the reduction heat treatment.

Example 2

60 to 70% by weight of silica (SiO ₂ ), 10 to 15% by weight of alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ) and 2 to 6% by weight of iron oxide (Fe ₂ O ₃ ), and are formed of the remaining magnesium, sodium and lime components Clay clay powder and kaolin powder having a mineral composition of 60 to 70 vol% quartz, feldspar and mica 10 to 20 vol% and 5 to 35 vol% mineral composition are mixed using a mixer.

Next, a raw material supply process is performed in which raw material powder mixed with iron oxide is supplied to a roller crusher using a conveyor belt.

Then, a pulverization process is performed to finely crush the raw material powder supplied to the roller crusher.

The comma / kneading is then conveyed to the coma and kneader, whereby the comminuted raw powder is transferred to the coma and kneader, and the raw material powder is mixed by the screw of the coma and kneader while mixing so that the ratio of the raw powder to water is maintained at 6: 4. Perform the process.

Thereafter, the mixture subjected to the coma / kneading process is fed into a vacuum grinder to remove the air contained in the mixture by vacuum pressure, and a vacuum grind molding process is performed in which the mixture is continuously extruded through a nozzle in the form of tile scraps.

Then, the cutter is cut into tiles and the cut tiles are dried indoors.

Next, the dried tile is put into a heat treatment furnace, and a firing process is performed for 12 hours at a temperature of 1150 to 1250 degrees.

Next, the slurry in which the iron oxide (Fe ₂ O ₃ ) and water are mixed at a ratio of 0.5: 1 to 2: 1 is impregnated with a tile having a baking process for 2 to 10 minutes and then dried.

Here, the amount of water used in the slurry production process is determined according to the size of the oxidized powder for slurry production and hydrophilicity with water. That is, the larger the particles of the oxidized powder can reduce the amount, the smaller the particles increase the amount. In addition, an organic binder (PVA) may be added to enhance the sinterability of the powder in a drying process after impregnation. In addition, less than 5% of the dispersant may be added in order to maintain the oxide without being separated continuously for a long time after the prepared slurry is mixed. In this case, the mixing of the raw material powder can be implemented by various processes, but generally, ball milling is preferably performed for 24 hours.

The drying process is preferably performed at a temperature of 60 ° C. for about 1 to 3 days. However, since a lot of know-how is required in practice, the drying process is preferably performed in a general process.

Next, the ocher tile is completed by reducing for 30 minutes to 5 hours at a temperature of 1100 ~ 1300 ℃.

Here, the iron oxide (Fe ₂ O ₃ ) is converted to metal iron (Fe) by removing the oxygen group contained in the existing oxide in a reducing atmosphere and a high vacuum atmosphere. At this time, depending on the degree of the reducing atmosphere may change only the surface of the oxide and all of the inside, it can be expressed in the color of the metal in accordance with the reduction heat treatment.

Example 3

60 to 70% by weight of silica (SiO ₂ ) and 10 to 15% by weight of alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ) and formed of the remaining magnesium, sodium and lime components, 60 to 70% by volume of quartz, feldspar and mica 10 to 20 The clay clay powder and kaolin powder having a mineral composition of volume% and 5 to 35 volume% are mixed using a mixer. At this time, any one selected from manganese oxide, chromium oxide, copper oxide, titanium oxide and mixtures thereof is added by weight percent of more than 0 and less than 10.

Next, a raw material supply process of supplying a raw material powder mixed with a metal oxide to a roller crusher using a conveyor belt is performed.

Then, a pulverization process is performed to finely crush the raw material powder supplied to the roller crusher.

The comma / kneader is then conveyed to the coma and kneader, whereby the comminuted raw powder is transferred to the coma and kneader, and the raw material powder is mixed by the screw of the coma and kneader while mixing so that the ratio of the raw material powder to water is maintained at 6: 4. Perform the process.

Thereafter, the mixture subjected to the coma / kneading process is fed into a vacuum grinder to remove the air contained in the mixture by vacuum pressure, and a vacuum grind molding process is performed in which the mixture is continuously extruded through a nozzle in the form of tile scraps.

Then, the cutter is cut into tiles and the cut tiles are dried indoors.

Next, the dried tile is put into a heat treatment furnace, and a firing process is performed for 12 hours at a temperature of 1150 to 1250 degrees.

Next, the ocher tile is completed by reducing for 30 minutes to 5 hours at a temperature of 1100 ~ 1300 ℃.

Here, in the reducing atmosphere and the high vacuum atmosphere, the oxygen group included in the existing oxide is removed to remove metal iron (Fe), metal manganese (Mn), metal chromium (Cr), metal copper (Cu), or metal titanium (Ti). Is converted to). At this time, depending on the degree of the reducing atmosphere may change only the surface of the oxide and all of the inside, it can be expressed in the color of the metal in accordance with the reduction heat treatment.

Example 4

60 to 70% by weight of silica (SiO ₂ ), 10 to 15% by weight of alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ) and 2 to 6% by weight of iron oxide (Fe ₂ O ₃ ), and are formed of the remaining magnesium, sodium and lime components Clay clay powder and kaolin powder having a mineral composition of 60 to 70 vol% quartz, feldspar and mica 10 to 20 vol% and 5 to 35 vol% mineral composition are mixed using a mixer.

Next, a raw material supply process is performed in which raw material powder mixed with iron oxide is supplied to a roller crusher using a conveyor belt.

Then, a pulverization process is performed to finely crush the raw material powder supplied to the roller crusher.

The comma / kneader is then conveyed to the coma and kneader, whereby the comminuted raw powder is transferred to the coma and kneader, and the raw material powder is mixed by the screw of the coma and kneader while mixing so that the ratio of the raw material powder to water is maintained at 6: 4. Perform the process.

Thereafter, the mixture subjected to the coma / kneading process is fed into a vacuum grinder to remove the air contained in the mixture by vacuum pressure, and a vacuum grind molding process is performed in which the mixture is continuously extruded through a nozzle in the form of tile scraps.

Then, the cutter is cut into tiles and the cut tiles are dried indoors.

Next, the dried tile is put into a heat treatment furnace, and a firing process is performed for 12 hours at a temperature of 1150 to 1250 degrees.

Next, the tile after the firing process is completed in a slurry mixed with any one selected from manganese oxide, chromium oxide, copper oxide, titanium oxide, and a mixture of water in a ratio of 0.5: 1 to 2: 1 for 2 to 10 minutes. Impregnated for 2 hours and then dried.

Here, the amount of water used in the slurry production process is determined according to the size of the oxidized powder for slurry production and hydrophilicity with water. That is, the larger the particles of the oxidized powder can reduce the amount, the smaller the particles increase the amount. In addition, an organic binder (PVA) may be added to enhance the sinterability of the powder in a drying process after impregnation. In addition, less than 5% of the dispersant may be added in order to maintain the oxide without being separated continuously for a long time after the prepared slurry is mixed. In this case, the mixing of the raw material powder can be implemented by various processes, but generally, ball milling is preferably performed for 24 hours.

The drying process is preferably performed at a temperature of 60 ° C. for about 1 to 3 days. However, since a lot of know-how is required in practice, the drying process is preferably performed in a general process.

Next, the ocher tile is completed by reducing for 30 minutes to 5 hours at a temperature of 1100 ~ 1300 ℃.

Here, in the reducing atmosphere and the high vacuum atmosphere, the oxygen group included in the existing oxide is removed to remove metal iron (Fe), metal manganese (Mn), metal chromium (Cr), metal copper (Cu), or metal titanium (Ti). Is converted to). At this time, depending on the degree of the reducing atmosphere may change only the surface of the oxide and all of the inside, it can be expressed in the color of the metal in accordance with the reduction heat treatment.

As described above, the ocher tile processed after reduction heat treatment after addition of the metal oxide or after impregnation with the slurry to which the metal oxide is added improves characteristics such as compressive strength.

[Table 1] is a graph comparing the physical properties of the ocher tile and the general tile formed according to the embodiments.

TABLE 1

Such clay-based clay material according to the present invention may have a color of yellow, purple, red, etc., due to the iron oxide component, it is possible to obtain a high strength. In addition, through the reduction heat treatment process can increase the far-infrared radiation efficiency, increase the strength and high-quality color. Any one selected from manganese oxide, chromium oxide, copper oxide, titanium oxide, and mixtures thereof used in this process can exhibit a color of high quality because it can exhibit a color unique to the metal during the reduction heat treatment during the reduction heat treatment.

While the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying tables, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but may be manufactured in various forms, and having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without changing the technical spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, it should be understood that the embodiments described above are exemplary in all respects and not restrictive.

Claims (15)

Raw materials are added to the clay clay powder by adding any one selected from iron oxide (Fe ₂ O ₃ ) powder, manganese oxide powder, chromium oxide powder, copper oxide powder, titanium oxide powder and mixed powder thereof by weight percent of 0 to 10 or less. Forming a powder; Stirring the raw powder by mixing with water; Forming a first tile on the stirred raw material using an extrusion process through a vacuum refining process; Indoor drying the first tile to form a second tile; Performing a firing process on the second tile to form a third tile; And The method of producing a tile comprising the step of performing a reduction heat treatment process on the third tile. The method of claim 1, The raw material powder includes 60 to 70% by weight of silica (SiO ₂ ) and 10 to 15% by weight of alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ), and the remaining weight% comprises magnesium, sodium and lime components. Tile manufacturing method. The method of claim 1, The raw material powder is a tile manufacturing method, characterized in that having a mineral composition of 60 to 70% by volume quartz, 10 to 20% by volume feldspar and mica and 5 to 35% by volume. The method of claim 1, The stirring step is performed so that the ratio of raw powder to water is 6: 4. The method of claim 1, The performing of the firing process on the second tile is a tile manufacturing method, characterized in that performed for 12 hours at a temperature of 1150 ~ 1250 degrees. The method of claim 1, Performing a reduction heat treatment process on the third tile is a tile manufacturing method, characterized in that performed for 30 minutes to 5 hours at a temperature of 1100 ~ 1300 ℃. Mixing the raw powder including the ocher clay powder with water and stirring the mixture; Forming a first tile on the stirred raw material using an extrusion process through a vacuum refining process; Indoor drying the first tile to form a second tile; Performing a firing process on the second tile to form a third tile; The third tile is impregnated into a slurry in which any one selected from iron oxide (Fe ₂ O ₃ ), manganese oxide, chromium oxide, copper oxide, titanium oxide, and a mixture thereof and water is mixed in a range of 0.5: 1 to 2: 1. Forming 4 tiles; And The method of producing a tile comprising the step of performing a reduction heat treatment process on the fourth tile. The method of claim 7, wherein The raw material powder includes 60 to 70% by weight of silica (SiO ₂ ) and 10 to 15% by weight of alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ), and the remaining weight% comprises magnesium, sodium and lime components. Tile manufacturing method. The method of claim 7, wherein The raw material powder is a tile manufacturing method, characterized in that having a mineral composition of 60 to 70% by volume quartz, 10 to 20% by volume feldspar and mica and 5 to 35% by volume. The method of claim 7, wherein The stirring step is performed so that the ratio of raw powder to water is 6: 4. The method of claim 7, wherein The performing of the firing process on the second tile is a tile manufacturing method, characterized in that performed for 12 hours at a temperature of 1150 ~ 1250 degrees. The method of claim 7, wherein The slurry further comprises an organic binder or dispersant. The method of claim 7, wherein The time for impregnating the third tile is a tile manufacturing method, characterized in that 2 to 10 minutes. The method of claim 7, wherein Performing the reduction heat treatment process on the fourth tile is a tile manufacturing method, characterized in that performed for 30 minutes to 5 hours at a temperature of 1100 ~ 1300 ℃. Raw materials are added to the clay clay powder by adding any one selected from iron oxide (Fe ₂ O ₃ ) powder, manganese oxide powder, chromium oxide powder, copper oxide powder, titanium oxide powder and mixed powder thereof by weight percent of 0 to 10 or less. Forming a powder; Stirring the raw powder by mixing with water; Forming a first tile on the stirred raw material using an extrusion process through a vacuum refining process; Indoor drying the first tile to form a second tile; Performing a firing process on the second tile to form a third tile; The third tile is impregnated into a slurry in which any one selected from iron oxide (Fe ₂ O ₃ ), manganese oxide, chromium oxide, copper oxide, titanium oxide, and a mixture thereof and water is mixed in a range of 0.5: 1 to 2: 1. Forming 4 tiles; And The method of producing a tile comprising the step of performing a reduction heat treatment process on the fourth tile.