KR20050054814A - 고체 고분자 전해질 및 이를 이용한 연료전지 - Google Patents
고체 고분자 전해질 및 이를 이용한 연료전지 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR20050054814A KR20050054814A KR1020040073363A KR20040073363A KR20050054814A KR 20050054814 A KR20050054814 A KR 20050054814A KR 1020040073363 A KR1020040073363 A KR 1020040073363A KR 20040073363 A KR20040073363 A KR 20040073363A KR 20050054814 A KR20050054814 A KR 20050054814A
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- formula
- solid polymer
- polymer electrolyte
- imidazolium
- fuel cell
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-O Imidazolium Chemical compound C1=C[NH+]=CN1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 12
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004693 Polybenzimidazole Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002480 polybenzimidazole Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002577 polybenzoxazole Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003458 sulfonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910016467 AlCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical class C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003007 phosphonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O pyridinium Chemical compound C1=CC=[NH+]C=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940042400 direct acting antivirals phosphonic acid derivative Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 14
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- ZPTRYWVRCNOTAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazol-3-ium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound CC[N+]=1C=CN(C)C=1.[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ZPTRYWVRCNOTAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorosulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(F)(=O)=O UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- AFINAILKDBCXMX-PBHICJAKSA-N (2s,3r)-2-amino-3-hydroxy-n-(4-octylphenyl)butanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(NC(=O)[C@@H](N)[C@@H](C)O)C=C1 AFINAILKDBCXMX-PBHICJAKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006351 engineering plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010416 ion conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- LXBGSDVWAMZHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1h-imidazole Chemical compound CC1=NC=CN1 LXBGSDVWAMZHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000106 Liquid crystal polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004977 Liquid-crystal polymers (LCPs) Substances 0.000 description 1
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004697 Polyetherimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004693 imidazolium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002847 impedance measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001643 poly(ether ketone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001601 polyetherimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- YWVYZMVYXAVAKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridin-1-ium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound C1=CC=[NH+]C=C1.[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F YWVYZMVYXAVAKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/103—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having nitrogen, e.g. sulfonated polybenzimidazoles [S-PBI], polybenzimidazoles with phosphoric acid, sulfonated polyamides [S-PA] or sulfonated polyphosphazenes [S-PPh]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1004—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (4)
- (1) 고분자;(2) 이미다졸륨 또는 하기 화학식 1[화학식 1](식 중, R1은 탄소수 1 이상의 알킬기)로 표시되는 2-이미다졸륨 유도체;(3) 하기 화학식 2[화학식 2](식 중, R2, R3 및 R4는 수소 또는 탄소수 1 이상의 알킬기, 단 R 2 및 R4가 동시에 수소일 수 없음)로 표시되는 1,2,3-이미다졸륨 유도체, 피리디늄, 하기 화학식 3[화학식 3](식 중, R5은 탄소수 1 이상의 알킬기)으로 표시되는 피리디늄 유도체, 4급 암모늄, 및 하기 화학식 4[화학식 4](식 중, R6, R7, R8 및 R9은 탄소수 1 이상의 알킬기)로 표시되는 4급 암모늄 유도체로부터 선택되는 1종 이상의 캐티온; 및(4) AlCl4 -, Al3Cl8 -, Al2Cl7 -, PF6 -, BF4 -, CF3SO3 -, (CF3SO2)2N-, 및 (CF3SO 2)3C-로부터 선택되는 1종 이상의 애니온을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 고체 고분자 전해질.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 (1) 고분자가 폴리테트라플루오로에틸렌, 폴리에테르에테르케톤, 폴리벤즈이미다졸, 폴리벤즈옥사졸, 폴리벤즈티아졸 및 이들의 산성 관능기에 의한 변성체로부터 선택된 적어도 1종인 것을 특징으로 하는 고체 고분자 전해질.
- 제2항에 있어서, 상기 산성 관능기가 술폰산, 술폰산 유도체, 인산, 인산 유도체, 포스폰산, 포스폰산 유도체 중에서 선택된 적어도 1종인 것을 특징으로 하는 고체 고분자 전해질.
- 제1항 내지 제3항 중 어느 한 항의 고체 고분자 전해질을 전해질막으로서 이용한 것을 특징으로 하는 고체 고분자형 연료전지.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003407443A JP4549663B2 (ja) | 2003-12-05 | 2003-12-05 | 固体高分子電解質および燃料電池 |
JPJP-P-2003-00407443 | 2003-12-05 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
KR20050054814A true KR20050054814A (ko) | 2005-06-10 |
KR100634516B1 KR100634516B1 (ko) | 2006-10-16 |
Family
ID=34729492
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020040073363A KR100634516B1 (ko) | 2003-12-05 | 2004-09-14 | 고체 고분자 전해질 및 이를 이용한 연료전지 |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP4549663B2 (ko) |
KR (1) | KR100634516B1 (ko) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100601996B1 (ko) * | 2004-09-06 | 2006-07-18 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 고체 고분자 전해질막과 그 제조방법 및 이를 채용한연료전지 |
KR100727216B1 (ko) * | 2004-11-19 | 2007-06-13 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 신규한 술폰화 공중합체 및 이를 이용한 전해질막 |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100570745B1 (ko) | 2003-10-30 | 2006-04-12 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 폴리(2,5-벤즈이미다졸)의 제조방법 |
EP1796193B1 (en) * | 2004-09-03 | 2011-12-14 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Proton conductor and fuel cell using the same |
WO2008050692A1 (en) * | 2006-10-23 | 2008-05-02 | Asahi Glass Company, Limited | Membrane electrode assembly for solid polymer fuel cell |
JP2009099553A (ja) * | 2007-09-25 | 2009-05-07 | Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd | 高分子電解質膜及び燃料電池 |
KR101453646B1 (ko) * | 2012-10-10 | 2014-10-22 | 포항공과대학교 산학협력단 | 이온성 액체를 포함하는 고전도성 고분자 전해질 막 |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2001167629A (ja) * | 1998-10-19 | 2001-06-22 | Canon Inc | ゲル電解質、電池およびエレクトロクロミック素子 |
-
2003
- 2003-12-05 JP JP2003407443A patent/JP4549663B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2004
- 2004-09-14 KR KR1020040073363A patent/KR100634516B1/ko active IP Right Grant
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100601996B1 (ko) * | 2004-09-06 | 2006-07-18 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 고체 고분자 전해질막과 그 제조방법 및 이를 채용한연료전지 |
KR100727216B1 (ko) * | 2004-11-19 | 2007-06-13 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 신규한 술폰화 공중합체 및 이를 이용한 전해질막 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP4549663B2 (ja) | 2010-09-22 |
JP2005166598A (ja) | 2005-06-23 |
KR100634516B1 (ko) | 2006-10-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
Jung et al. | Blending polybenzimidazole with an anion exchange polymer increases the efficiency of vanadium redox flow batteries | |
US9705146B2 (en) | Method of fabricating proton-conducting electrolytic membrane | |
US7989116B2 (en) | Electrolyte utilizing a lewis acid/bronstead acid complex | |
KR100634513B1 (ko) | 프로톤 전도체 및 이를 이용한 연료전지 | |
JP3884340B2 (ja) | プロトン伝導性高分子固体電解質 | |
EP1474839B1 (en) | Polymer electrolyte membranes for use in fuel cells | |
KR100634516B1 (ko) | 고체 고분자 전해질 및 이를 이용한 연료전지 | |
US20070087248A1 (en) | Proton conductive electrolyte membrane, method of preparing the same and fuel cell including the proton conductive electrolyte membrane | |
EP2437338B1 (en) | Proton-conductive polymer electrolyte membrane, and membrane-electrode assembly and polymer electrolyte fuel cell using the same | |
US6841285B2 (en) | Impregnation of ion-exchange membranes to improve electrochemical fuel cell performance | |
US20110091793A1 (en) | Proton conducting electrolyte | |
KR100668316B1 (ko) | 겔 전해질 및 이를 채용한 연료 전지 | |
JP4583874B2 (ja) | プロトン伝導性固体高分子電解質膜および燃料電池 | |
US20050142411A1 (en) | Gel electrolyte and fuel cell employing the same | |
US7736782B2 (en) | Proton conductive solid polymer electrolyte and fuel cell | |
JP2006147164A (ja) | 高分子電解質膜とこの製造方法およびこれを用いた燃料電池 | |
KR101395040B1 (ko) | 알킬 사슬 변성 술폰화 폴리에테르술폰 공중합체 및 그 제조 방법 | |
KR100707159B1 (ko) | 겔 전해질, 연료전지용 전극, 및 연료전지 | |
Yasuda et al. | Supported Protic Ionic Liquids in Polymer Membranes for Electrolytes of Nonhumidified Fuel Cells | |
KR101138871B1 (ko) | 고분자 전해질막, 그 제조방법 및 이를 채용한 연료전지 | |
Chen et al. | Nafion/tin oxide composite membranes for direct methanol fuel cells | |
Erdemi | Anhydrous proton conducting polymer electrolyres based on polymeric ionic liquids | |
JP2007200794A (ja) | 酸塩基複合電解質とその製造方法、およびそれを含む膜電極複合体、燃料電池 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A201 | Request for examination | ||
PA0109 | Patent application |
Patent event code: PA01091R01D Comment text: Patent Application Patent event date: 20040914 |
|
PA0201 | Request for examination | ||
PG1501 | Laying open of application | ||
E902 | Notification of reason for refusal | ||
PE0902 | Notice of grounds for rejection |
Comment text: Notification of reason for refusal Patent event date: 20060209 Patent event code: PE09021S01D |
|
E902 | Notification of reason for refusal | ||
PE0902 | Notice of grounds for rejection |
Comment text: Notification of reason for refusal Patent event date: 20060228 Patent event code: PE09021S01D |
|
E701 | Decision to grant or registration of patent right | ||
PE0701 | Decision of registration |
Patent event code: PE07011S01D Comment text: Decision to Grant Registration Patent event date: 20060803 |
|
GRNT | Written decision to grant | ||
PR0701 | Registration of establishment |
Comment text: Registration of Establishment Patent event date: 20061009 Patent event code: PR07011E01D |
|
PR1002 | Payment of registration fee |
Payment date: 20061010 End annual number: 3 Start annual number: 1 |
|
PG1601 | Publication of registration | ||
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20090928 Start annual number: 4 End annual number: 4 |
|
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20100927 Start annual number: 5 End annual number: 5 |
|
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20110926 Start annual number: 6 End annual number: 6 |
|
FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20120921 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20120921 Start annual number: 7 End annual number: 7 |
|
FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20130924 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20130924 Start annual number: 8 End annual number: 8 |
|
FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20140930 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20140930 Start annual number: 9 End annual number: 9 |
|
FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20150925 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20150925 Start annual number: 10 End annual number: 10 |
|
FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20160922 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20160922 Start annual number: 11 End annual number: 11 |
|
FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20170920 Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20170920 Start annual number: 12 End annual number: 12 |
|
FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20180917 Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20180917 Start annual number: 13 End annual number: 13 |
|
FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20191001 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20191001 Start annual number: 14 End annual number: 14 |
|
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20201006 Start annual number: 15 End annual number: 15 |
|
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20231004 Start annual number: 18 End annual number: 18 |