KR20020036709A - 뼈 나사 - Google Patents

뼈 나사 Download PDF

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KR20020036709A
KR20020036709A KR1020010068744A KR20010068744A KR20020036709A KR 20020036709 A KR20020036709 A KR 20020036709A KR 1020010068744 A KR1020010068744 A KR 1020010068744A KR 20010068744 A KR20010068744 A KR 20010068744A KR 20020036709 A KR20020036709 A KR 20020036709A
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bore
head
bone screw
screw
diameter
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KR1020010068744A
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KR100776776B1 (ko
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위르겐 하름스
루츠 비더만
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비이더만 모테크 게엠베하
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7001—Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
    • A61B17/7032—Screws or hooks with U-shaped head or back through which longitudinal rods pass
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7001—Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
    • A61B17/7035—Screws or hooks, wherein a rod-clamping part and a bone-anchoring part can pivot relative to each other
    • A61B17/7037—Screws or hooks, wherein a rod-clamping part and a bone-anchoring part can pivot relative to each other wherein pivoting is blocked when the rod is clamped
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7001—Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
    • A61B17/7035—Screws or hooks, wherein a rod-clamping part and a bone-anchoring part can pivot relative to each other
    • A61B17/7038—Screws or hooks, wherein a rod-clamping part and a bone-anchoring part can pivot relative to each other to a different extent in different directions, e.g. within one plane only
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7062—Devices acting on, attached to, or simulating the effect of, vertebral processes, vertebral facets or ribs ; Tools for such devices
    • A61B17/7067—Devices bearing against one or more spinous processes and also attached to another part of the spine; Tools therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/84—Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
    • A61B17/86—Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
    • A61B17/8605—Heads, i.e. proximal ends projecting from bone

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Neurology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)

Abstract

나사 부분(2) 및 헤드(3)를 포함하는 나사 부재(1)를 가지고 있고, 뼈 나사에 연결되는 로드를 수납하기 위해 헤드 단부에서 수납 부분(5)을 가지고 있는 뼈 나사가 제공되어 있다. 수납 부분(5)은, 제 1 개방 보어(6)를 갖고 있고, 나사산이 제공된 2개의 자유 다리부를 갖는 실제적으로 U-자 형태의 횡단면부를 갖고 있다. 또한, 수납 부분은 제 1 보어의 반대 단부에 제 2 보어(7)를 갖고 있는데, 제 2 보어의 직경은 나사 부분(2)의 직경보다 크고 헤드(3)의 직경보다는 작다. 제 1 보어의 바닥에는 헤드(3)용 시트가 제공되어 있다. 나사 부재가 적어도 한쪽 측면으로 확대된 각도로 피벗될 수 있기 위해, 제 1 보어(6)의 축에 대해 보여진 제 2 보어(7)의 자유 단부의 경계를 정하는 에지는 비대칭 구조이다.

Description

뼈 나사{Bone screw}
본 발명은 나사 부분(threaded section) 및 헤드(head)를 갖고 있고, 뼈 나사에 연결되는 로드(rod)를 수납하기 위해 헤드 단부에서 수납 부분을 갖고 있는 뼈 나사에 관한 것이다. 수납 부분은 제 1 개방 보어(bore), 나사산(thread)이 제공된 2개의 자유 다리부를 갖는 실제적으로 U-자 형태의 횡단면부 및 제 1 보어의 반대 단부에 위치하는 제 2 보어를 갖는데, 제 2 보어의 직경은 나사 부분의 직경보다 크고 헤드의 직경보다는 작다. 또한 제 2 보어는 나사산과 함께 작동하는 헤드, 너트 또는 나사용 시트(seat)를 형성한다.
이러한 뼈 나사는 예를 들어, 미국특허 제 5,672,176호에 개시되어 있다. 공지된 뼈 나사에서 헤드는 구형(球型) 세그먼트-형태 구조이다. 제 2 보어에 인접한 제 1 보어의 바닥은 마찬가지로 구형 세그먼트-형태 구조여서, 구형 헤드가 이 구형 부분에 놓여진다. 경계 에지(bounding edge)를 통과하는 평면은 제 1 보어의 축에 직각으로 향해 있고 제 2 보어의 중심은 제 1 보어의 축과 일치한다. 이러한 방법에 의해, 로드를 수납하는 수납 부분의 척추 세그먼트(vertebral segment) 방향으로 나사 부분을 조이는 것이 가능한 후에라도, 헤드를 포함하는 나사 부분이 제 1 보어의 축을 중심으로 일반적으로 미리정해진 25°까지 피벗가능하다는 것이 얻어진다. 동시에 피벗 각도의 크기는, 헤드 직경의 함수로서 제 2 보어가 특정한 크기를 초과하지 않아서 헤드가 수납 부분내에서 여전히 적절하게 유지되는 정도로 제한된다.
이러한 뼈 나사의 사용은 경추골(cervical vertebrae) 부분에서 문제가 된다. 이러한 경우에, 경추골의 작은 크기 때문에, 나사는 항상 한쪽 측면 및 위쪽으로 피벗되어야 하고, 피벗정도가 척추뼈(thoracic vertebrae) 및 허리뼈(lumbar vertebrae)의 경우보다 더 커야한다. 본 발명의 목적은 더 큰 피벗각을 허용하는 뼈 나사를 제공하는 것이다.
이러한 문제점은 청구항 제 1 항에 개시된 뼈 나사에 의해 해결된다.
본 발명의 개선점은 종속 청구항에서 확인된다.
본 발명의 또 다른 특징 및 실제적인 이점은 도면을 참고로 하여 실시예를 설명함으로써 알 수 있다.
도 1은 제 1 실시예의 부분 측면도이다.
도 2는 도 1의 확대도이다.
도 3은 제 2 실시예의 부분 측면도이다.
도 4는 또 다른 실시예에 대응하는 측면도이다.
*도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명
1 : 나사 부재 2 : 나사 부분 3 : 헤드 4 : 리세스 5 : 수납 부분
6 : 제 1 보어 7 : 제 2 보어 8 : 리세스 10 : 카운터싱크
11 : 개방평면 12 : 에지 13, 14 : 다리부
뼈 나사는 나사 부분(2) 및 헤드(3)를 갖는 적당한 나사 부재(1)를 포함한다. 헤드는 나사 부분에 인접한 영역에서 구형 세그먼트의 형태로 형성되어 있다. 나사축과 같은 축에 위치하는 헤드는 나사 부분(2)의 반대 단부에 소켓 나사키(socket screw key)로 체결을 위한 리세스(4)를 갖고 있다.
뼈 나사는 또한 원통형으로 구성된 수납 부분(5)을 포함한다. 수납 부분의 한쪽 단부에는 축방향으로 대칭 구조의 제 1 보어(6)가 위치한다. 반대 단부에는 나사 부분(2)의 직경보다 크고 헤드(3)의 직경보다는 작은 직경을 갖는 제 2 보어(7)가 제공되어 있다. 제 2 보어의 반대 단부에 제 1 보어가 개방되어 있고 이 보어의 직경은 나사 부분(2)이 제 1 보어를 통과하고 헤드가 제 1 보어의 바닥까지 도달함으로써 나사 부재(1)가 제 1 보어를 통해 안내될 수 있는 크기이다. 제 1 보어의 바닥은 개방 단부방향으로 구형태의 영역으로서 구성되어 있고, 반경은 헤드(3)의 구형 세그먼트 형태 부분의 반경과 실제적으로 동일하다. 또한, 수납 부분(5)은 U-자 형태의 리세스(8)를 갖고 있는데, 이 리세스는 바닥이 제 2 보어(7)방향으로 향해 있고 이 리세스의 2개의 측면 다리부(13, 14)는 제 1 보어로 향해 있는 개방 단부로 연장되어 있는 부분의 중심에 대해 대칭적으로 배열되어 있다. 다리부(13, 14)의 자유 단부에는, 너트 또는 나사로서 구성된 나사 부재를 가지고 체결하기 위한 나사산이 제공되어 있다. 너트 또는 나사는 U-자 형태 리세스(8)속으로 삽입되는 로드를 고정시키게 하고, 따라서 너트 또는 나사가 직접적으로 또는 압축 부재를 통해 로드에 작용하는 것이 가능하다.
도 1 및 도 2에 도시한 실시예에서, 제 1 보어의 대칭축을 통과하는 평면에 위치하고 미리 정해진 각도로 대칭축에 대해 경사져 있는 화살표(9)의 방향으로, 제 2 보어의 개방평면(11)과 제 1 보어의 에지(12) 사이의 에지에 원형 카운터싱크(countersink)(10)가 만들어져 있다.
이러한 방법으로 도면에서 볼 수 있는 바와 같이, 나사 부재(1)의 축과 제 1 보어의 대칭축 사이의 각도는 다른 방법으로 얻을 수 있는 각도와 비교해서 실제적으로 확장되어 있음을 알 수 있다. 동시에, 수납 부분내의 나사 부재(1)의 시트는 계속 유지된다.
도 3에 도시한 제 2 실시예에서, 수납 부분(5)의 내부는 제 1 실시예에서와 같이 구성되어 있다. 이 실시예에서, 제 2 보어(7)의 경계를 정하는 개방 평면(11)은 제 2 보어(7)에 의해 경계가 정해진 평면에 대해 미리 정해진 각도 α로 경사져 있어서, 이 개방 평면(11) 및 제 1 보어(15)의 대칭축과 수직인 평면이 경사각을 둘러싸고 있다. 도시한 경우에서, 각도 α는 예시된 실시예로서 15°이다. 본 발명에서 나사 부재(1)는, 일반 구성 상태에서 얻을 수 있는 각도보다 실제적으로 더 큰 제 1 보어의 대칭축으로 각도에 의해 도시된 방향으로 피벗가능하다는 것을 또한 얻을 수 있다..
도 1에 도시한 실시예 및 도 3에 도시한 실시예에서, 카운터싱크 또는챔퍼(chamfer)는 각각의 경우에서 작은 주변 부분이 구형 시트에 여전히 속하는 부분을 계속 유지하는 방법으로 선택된다.
도시하지 않은 제 4 실시예에서, 제 2 보어의 중심은 제 1 보어의 대칭축에 대해 측면으로 작은 정도, 예를 들어 0.5 mm로 오프셋되게 구성되어 있다. 이렇게 순서대로 측면 오프셋하는 것은 결과적으로 헤드가 구형으로 구성된 바닥에 의해 형성된 시트내에 유지되지만 측면방향으로 더 큰 피벗폭이 얻어진다는 것을 나타낸다.
상술한 실시예에서, 4개의 상이한 해결방법이 제공되어 있다. 개개의 해결방법을 서로 결합하는 것, 즉, 예를 들어, 제 1 실시예 및 제 2 실시예에 따른 해결방법을 제 3 및/또는 제 4 실시예에 따른 해결방법과 결합시키거나, 또는 적어도 한쪽 방향으로 피벗시키기 위한 더 큰 가능성을 얻기 위해 4개의 해결방법 모두를 결합시키는 것이 또한 가능하다.
상술한 실시예에서, 제 1 보어(6)의 구형 바닥은 각각의 경우에서 수납 부분(5)의 필수적인 구성요소로서 구성되어 있다. 그러나 변형된 실시예에서, 구형 바닥은 제 1 보어(6)를 통해 도입된 장착 부분 또는 제 2 보어(7)를 통해 도입된 장착 부분에도 제공될 수 있다. 그 다음에 본 발명은 상응하는 방법으로 사용되고 삽입 부분과 함께 위치하는 수납 부분이 하나의 부재로서 간주되고 상술한 측정장치는 이러한 방법으로 조립된 부분에 이용된다.
뼈 나사를 형성하는 부재는 티타늄으로 만들어지는 것이 바람직하다.
도 4에 도시한 실시예에서, 제 1 보어의 축에 대해 보여진 제 2 보어의 자유단부의 경계를 정하는 에지는 대칭구조이다. 비대칭은, 구형 또는 구형 세그먼트에 체결되는 목부분상에서 나사(1)가 리세스 또는 카운터싱크(16)를 갖고 있어서, 상술한 실시예로서 도 4에 도시한 방법에서 확대된 피벗각이 얻어질 수 있을 때 얻어진다.
본 발명에 따라, 큰 피벗각을 갖는 뼈 나사가 제공된다.

Claims (5)

  1. 나사 부분(2) 및 헤드(3)를 포함하는 나사 부재(1)를 갖고 있고, 뼈 나사에 연결되는 로드를 수납하기 위해 헤드 단부에서 수납 부분(5)을 갖고 있는 뼈 나사로서, 수납 부분(5)은, 제 1 개방 보어(6), 나사산이 제공된 2개의 자유 다리부를 갖는 실제적으로 U-자 형태 횡단면부, 나사 부분(2)의 직경보다 크고 헤드(3)의 직경보다 작은 직경을 갖는 제 2 보어(7) 및 나사산과 함께 작용하는 헤드(3), 너트 또는 나사용 시트를 갖는 뼈 나사에 있어서, 제 1 보어(6)의 축에 대해 보여진 제 2 보어(7)의 자유 단부의 경계를 정하는 에지는 비대칭 구조인 것을 특징으로 하는 뼈 나사.
  2. 제 1 항에 있어서, 경계 에지는 각(angular) 영역에서 카운터싱크(10)를 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 뼈 나사.
  3. 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서, 경계 에지를 통과하는 평면에 수직인 평면은 제 1 보어(6)의 축에 대해 경사져 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 뼈 나사.
  4. 제 1 항 내지 제 3 항중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 경계 에지에 의해 둘러싸인 평면의 중심이 제 1 보어(6)의 축에 대해 오프셋 되는 것을 특징으로 하는 뼈 나사.
  5. 나사 부분(2) 및 헤드(3)를 포함하는 나사 부재(1)를 갖고 있고, 뼈 나사에 연결되는 로드를 수납하기 위해 헤드 단부에서 수납 부분(5)을 갖고 있는 뼈 나사로서, 수납 부분(5)은, 제 1 개방 보어(6), 나사산이 제공된 2개의 자유 다리부를 갖는 실제적으로 U-자 형태 횡단면부, 나사 부분(2)의 직경보다 크고 헤드(3)의 직경보다 작은 직경을 갖는 제 2 보어(7), 및 나사산과 함께 작용하는 헤드(3), 너트 또는 나사용 시트를 갖는 뼈 나사에 있어서, 나사 부재(1)가 구형 세그먼트에 인접하는 목부분에 리세스 또는 싱크(16)를 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 뼈 나사.
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US8945194B2 (en) 2015-02-03
DE10055888C1 (de) 2002-04-25
US20150094776A1 (en) 2015-04-02
US8409260B2 (en) 2013-04-02
US11197694B2 (en) 2021-12-14
US20110066189A2 (en) 2011-03-17
US20170164981A1 (en) 2017-06-15
US10058353B2 (en) 2018-08-28
TW546128B (en) 2003-08-11
EP1205153B1 (de) 2004-06-30
KR100776776B1 (ko) 2007-11-19
US8864803B2 (en) 2014-10-21
EP1205153A2 (de) 2002-05-15
US20020058942A1 (en) 2002-05-16
US9498256B2 (en) 2016-11-22
US20150196329A1 (en) 2015-07-16
JP4384827B2 (ja) 2009-12-16
EP1205153A3 (de) 2002-06-12
US20120041495A9 (en) 2012-02-16
ATE270074T1 (de) 2004-07-15
US9566093B2 (en) 2017-02-14
US20040153077A1 (en) 2004-08-05
US20110125195A1 (en) 2011-05-26
US20060084995A1 (en) 2006-04-20
JP2002168220A (ja) 2002-06-14
US20190038320A1 (en) 2019-02-07
US20120101532A1 (en) 2012-04-26
DE50102723D1 (de) 2004-08-05
US7785354B2 (en) 2010-08-31
US20060106383A1 (en) 2006-05-18
US6736820B2 (en) 2004-05-18

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