KR20000024480A - Organic top soil mat including seed useful for raising of seeding, and preparing method of the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: An organic bed soil mat for seedlings have dry-phase bursting strength of 1-5(kgf/cm¬2), consist of bed soil composition and seed. And the bed soil composition comprises organic material for seedlings selected from the group of peat moss, coconut peat, the mixture thereof, and paper cellulose. CONSTITUTION: A process for organic bed soil mat comprises the following steps of: stirring and dissociating organic bed soil composition containing organic material, paper cellulose with the ratio of 60: 40-90: 10, making mixed liquid by controlling pH to 6-6.5; making seed mixed liquid by adding sterilized seed to the mixed liquid with 1.5-2% concentration; forming mat by vacuum suction and injecting the mixed liquid to mat molding machine; and drying the mat by separating from mat molding machine.

Description

Organic soil mat for seedlings with embedded seeds and its manufacturing method {ORGANIC TOP SOIL MAT INCLUDING SEED USEFUL FOR RAISING OF SEEDING, AND PREPARING METHOD OF THE SAME}

The present invention relates to an organic topological mat for hair growth and a method of manufacturing the same.

Conventionally, the manufacturing method of the top soil for rice seedlings is put into a box-like clay soil or a sheet-like soil material, and then watered, seeded again, covered with seeding, and seeded again. In the case of raising seedling soil, there was a difficulty such as cumbersome and labor-intensive.

In order to improve such a problem, various attempts have been made, such as providing a topsoil composition for hair growth in place of soil soil, or providing a sheet containing a seed, a paper bed or a transplant, a seedling box, a sheet, or the like. Since the weight of clay soil is close to 5-6kg, including the mother bed, it takes heavy labor for the elderly farmers. Therefore, the idea of the light soil is the horticultural soil (such as peat, peat or coconut shell powder). It is widely distributed in pouch packaging by adding moisture such as chaff, zeolite, and perlide, but it is just a substitute for soil clay. It is cumbersome to manufacture, and expensive in terms of price and distribution management costs.

Recently, in Japan, we developed a top soil substitute that is cut by cutting and processing a cheap rice bran, which is half the weight of existing top soil. However, production efficiency of 100 sheets per hour cannot overcome productivity and price competitiveness. have.

In addition, some of the development items claim that the addition of far-infrared ray-producing substances to the soil reforming is an advantage, but this is also a simple soil, and the effect of far-infrared rays for development purposes is not expected to be remarkable. It gives meaning.

In addition, Korea Utility Model Publication No. 97-53076 manufactures a bed by spraying water after laying the vinyl on the bed and seeding the seeds between thin sheets of paper and then overlapping them. It is required, and as a substitute for the topsoil material, very poor sheet formation, so practicality is questionable, and there is a difficulty in managing the seeding of seeds.

Korean Utility Model Publication No. 98-063774 discloses a nonwoven sheet of a seedling box for transplanting rice seedlings, which reflects a very simple principle to prevent the spread of seedlings to the bottom hole of the bed. Post-processing is inconvenient and there is still a problem to be solved for practical use. In this regard, recently, Utility Model Publication No. 99-33768 discloses a seedling box with a built-in nonwoven fabric, but only provides a nonwoven fabric for the seedling box.

Recently, a sheet-like soil obtained by completely compressing and compressing horticulture soil is commercially available. However, since it is a compression molding, the mat structure is very dense and no pores are formed. Inappropriate environment is not suitable for raising and germinating topography of seeds. In addition, the mat structure is weak and easy to break during transportation, and the physical properties and compression system of the horticultural soils is difficult to overproduce and mass production supply in reality.

In addition, the Korean Utility Model Publication No. 99-135756 has a grass seed, characterized in that the web layer is formed so as to form an irregular space between each single fiber by laminating non-woven vegetable short fibers on the upper layer of the vegetable pressure-sensitive adhesive layer applied to the surface of the nonwoven fabric. It has the advantage of stabilizing the germination rate and germination timing of grass seed by forming a space part inside the built-in protective surface mat, but it is based on the non-woven fabric layer and the vegetable fiber is intertwined with the adhesive. To make a mat.

Therefore, it is easy to germinate and cultivate seeds due to excellent air and moisture permeability, and provides an organic top mat having excellent transport characteristics due to its large burst strength and lightness, and a method for producing a state mat for raising seedlings having high productivity at low cost. Need is desperate.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention consists of a top soil composition containing seedling organic raw material and papermaking fiber, a layer comprising a seed and a top soil composition layer not containing seeds, and seasoned hair growth having pores in the mat. To provide an organic topological mat.

Still another object of the present invention is to stir and dissociate the organic raw material and papermaking fiber for seedlings and adjust the pH to 6-6.5 to prepare a mixture of the topsoil composition, add seeds to it, and include the seeds in the topsoil composition including the seeds. The present invention provides a method for producing an organic topological mat for seedlings by layering a layer of the topsoil composition that is not in the vacuum.

1 is a view of the organic topography for seedlings containing seeds, Figure 1a is a top view of the mat and Figure 1b is an enlarged cross-sectional view.

FIG. 2 is a view of an organic topological mat for seedlings comprising a layer having seeds embedded therein and a topsoil composition layer not including seeds. FIG. 2A is a top view of a mat and FIG. 2B is an enlarged cross-sectional view.

3 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for making a topcoat mat of the present invention.

4 is a schematic view showing a top soil molding mold (Suction Mold).

5 is a schematic view of a demolding mold for deodorizing the molded article in FIG.

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

1.Pulper tank of topsoil composition

2. Water tank

3. Low concentration pulp storage tank

4. Forming tank

5. Suction Mold

6. Transfer Mold

7. High concentration pulp storage tank

8. Vacuum tank

9. Compressed air tank

10. Seed tank

The present invention relates to an organic clay top mat for raising seedlings comprising an organic raw material for raising seedlings and paper fiber.

In one example of the present invention, it is prepared by vacuum molding, and consists of a top soil composition and seed paper comprising one or more organic raw materials for seedlings and paper fiber selected from the group consisting of peat moss, coconut feet, and mixtures thereof. To provide an organic clay mat for seedlings having a dry tear strength of 1-5 (kgf / cm ² ).

The organic raw materials which can be used in the present invention may be peat moss or coconut feet alone or may be used in combination with peat moss and coconut feet, and when the peat moss and coconut feet are used as organic raw materials, these organic raw materials may be used. Considering the properties of Coconut Feet, the content of Pitmoss should not be higher. The main raw materials are obtained by removing impurities from raw materials, adjusting fiber length, thickening, and selecting. For example, the pit raw material is mainly used sterilized after washing the middle and high-layer peat in water to remove the ash, dried, sifted to adjust the pH to 6.5. Pittmoss gains 1-1.5 mm of organic matter when selected. Pit moss is an organic material with moisture absorption, improves moisture retention, elasticity due to fiber, porosity (85% or more), base substitution capacity (CEC) 80-150m.e./100gr, carbon quality (C / N) Since it forms 15-25%, it physically imparts breathability to the mat and prevents beat due to overdrying, that is, distortion of the mat. There is no secondary fermentation because of the cellulose component, so it has a long lasting effect in preventing depression and maintaining growth, so it is widely used as a horticultural soil or seedling pot material.

In addition, papermaking fibers obtained from corrugated cardboard (carton box), graft paper, or newspaper waste paper are used. For example, impurities obtained by removing impurities such as ink removal and synthetic resin removal, and adjusting the pH are used. Since the graft paper of the papermaking raw material contains carbon ratio, ash, cellulose, lignin and the like, it is preferable to adjust it so that there is no problem in plant growth. The hair growth top mat composition using the conventional peat moss is packaged in a bag in the form of granules and commercially available. However, as a mat composition, the user has to use the mat instead of the top for a mother bed and manufacture a mat. In addition, in the case of manufacturing in a mat form by compression molding, there was a problem that the breakage strength was very low and easily broken, but this problem is solved by adding paper fiber in the present invention. When the pH of paper fiber is adjusted to 6-6.5 on average, it is an organic substance that is similar to the standard of plant growth and decomposes well in the ground, so it is easy to ferment and helps the soil physical properties (soil improvement).

In addition, paper fiber includes graft paper, long fiber material of corrugated paper and shot fiber of newspaper paper, and the tensile and beat phenomena differ depending on the use. Therefore, it is very important to include paper fiber at an appropriate ratio in forming the mating force and mating force with the pit moss. Therefore, in the present invention, the amount of papermaking fiber used for the organic material is preferably 60:40 to 90:10, more preferably 70:30 to 80:20. When the content of paper fiber in the clay composition of the present invention or the clay mat using the same is too high, the burst strength is so large that the moisture content of the soil is low, which causes bite phenomena. Cause. In addition, if the content of the papermaking fiber is too small, the tear strength is weak, so that the manufactured top mat is easily destroyed, there is a problem that can not be transported and the mattress can not be manufactured due to poor marketability.

In one example of the present invention, the seedling top mat composition may further include the following natural ingredients, for example, may include one or more components selected from the group consisting of chitosan, ocher, and activated carbon. Ocher provides trace elements such as iron, chitosan improves the quality obtained in the case of rice seedlings, and activated carbon has a function of controlling the pH of the soil and a bactericidal action.

In one example of the present invention, the burst strength of the topsoil mat prepared from 1.5 to 2% topsoil composition was 3.26-3.64 (kgf / cm ² ) as tested by the KS M 70 17-90 method at the Korea Household Appliance Testing Institute. When the concentration of, the dry burst strength value changes. The dry burst strength is 1 to 5 (kgf / cm ² ) to provide proper transport and germination properties, and lower when seed is included. Therefore, in the case of containing seeds, the bursting strength is lowered due to the embedded seeds, and this bursting strength is also suitable. However, in order to improve transport characteristics, seeds are not included in the upper or lower part of the top mat layer in which the seeds are embedded. It is preferable to add a non-top soil composition layer, and more preferably, by adding a higher concentration of the top soil composition layer than the seed-containing layer, the seeds contained in the seed layer do not float to the upper layer during mat manufacturing and the burst strength of the final top soil mat. Can be increased.

The seedling top mat of the present invention can be used for raising seedlings of all plants, for example, for raising hairs such as rice, grass, or reed. In one example of the present invention, in the case of rice seedling top mats, seed mats embedded in mats may be used to cultivate rice seedlings and straight onions so that the seedlings, seedlings, and seedling seedlings are commonly used. Grass can also be used as a light turf shortly after seedling. In the case of the seed mat containing seed, the soil is made of water and is seeded to the seed, so that the preparation, selection, and sowing process, which requires the most cost and labor for seedling, can be omitted. In addition to the cost savings, there is an advantage in that a strong seedling can be obtained by improving moisture and air permeability. In addition, in the case of the direct wave, the seed mat embedded in the seed can be directly planted by itself, so that it is possible to cultivate the wave wave without the purchase of a separate machine or apparatus. Preventing the fall and tangle of coming rice can be harvested smoothly. Therefore, even when injured by natural disasters, the planting lines and abandonment can be separated, so that the harvesting machine can be used, and in the case of rice, pest control and harvesting can be facilitated, and the cost and effort for raising seedlings can be reduced. .

In another example, (a) agitating and dissociating the organic soil composition comprising the organic material for raising seedlings and papermaking fibers in a ratio of 60:40 to 90:10, and adjusting the pH to 6-6.5 to prepare a mixture of soil composition Step 1, (b) a second step of preparing a seed mixture to add the sterilized seed to the mixture solution of 1.5-2% concentration, (c) the mixture of step (b) is first introduced into the mat molding machine, A third step of forming a mat by layering the above-mentioned 2-5% concentration of the topsoil composition and vacuum suction, and (d) separating the mat from a mat molding machine and drying the mat. It is to provide a manufacturing method.

The mixture of the topsoil composition is prepared in two ways, and the mixture containing seeds is lowered to 1.5 to 2% (wt / wt), and the mixture containing no seeds provided for the middle layer is 2-5% (wt / wt). This is to prevent the seed from rising to the upper layer from the mat layer containing the seed when the mixed solution is layered to be high. The top mat containing the seed can germinate the seed without providing additional conditions if only water is provided and suitable environmental conditions for germination, it is preferable to use both the top soil composition and the seeds in the mat manufacturing method of the present invention. The topsoil can be treated with methylene to prevent late blight, and can be used as a representative of Lidomil (trade name) of Sungbo Chemical Pesticide Company, and the prochloraz (trade name) of Novartis Agro Pesticide Company for seed disinfection. have.

In addition, the topological composition consisting of organic raw materials and papermaking fiber is dissociated with stirring to completely dissolve the fiber to prepare a uniform solution, so that the dissociation and stirring become stronger. Therefore, when seeds are added to this stage, the seeds are damaged and germination rate is very low. Therefore, the seeds should be added after the preparation of the topsoil composition. In addition, by providing air in step (b) to uniform the concentration of the mixture of the seed and the topsoil composition, when the mat is prepared from the topsoil composition containing the seed can be prepared a mat containing the seed in a uniform concentration.

In the case of the mat without seeds, the drying conditions can be applied as it is, but the organic topological mat containing the seeds, as in the present invention, is damaged when the seeds are damaged by high temperature and hot air drying, and the germination rate is significantly reduced. Since there is a problem, (d) it is preferable to dry the mat at 30-36 ℃ in the drying step.

In the first step, one or more components selected from the group consisting of trace elements, chitosan, loess, and activated carbon may be included.

In more detail, in the preparation of a mat filled with seeds in a mixture composed of 60 ^to 90:40 ^to 10% by weight of organic raw materials and paper fiber, the steps of preparing by mixing and stirring water and raw material of direct low yield and And preparing a vacuum filling mold having a mat shape having holes formed therein and having a grille-integrated mat shape, and preparing the vacuum molding mold (Vacuum Suction Mold), and the mat molding mold, Immersing and mixing the organic material mixture and the seed filling composition in a vacuum so that the seed filled in the raw material is attached to the grill net; As a final step, the perforated demolding mold is inserted into the molding mold after the above-mentioned molding, and vacuum- suctioned so that the demolding-departure is released from the drying and conveying apparatus. Lure is a true art.

Figure 3 shows a flow chart and the arrangement of manufacturing equipment for producing a mat of the present invention will be described in detail accordingly.

First, each component shown in the drawings will be described.

The pulper tank 1 is dissoceated so that the weight ratio of raw materials is 2-5% in water, and the material adjustment material is added to the raw material dissociated in water, and reprocessed unresolved fine powder with shear force and impact beating (high and low concentration control). And pH (pH) adjustment, and is a Hopper type storage tank using high density 2-5% pulp for overlaying the top mat for the base plate. The pulp storage tank 3 is a storage tank for transferring low concentration 1.5% -2% pulp to a forming tank. Pulp Molding Tank (4)-A tank in which a molding mold is embedded, so that seeds are mixed in a low concentration pulp so that the pulp mixed with the seeds is sucked into the molding tank.

Molding mold (5) is a seed and pulp mixed in the primary mold (Suction mold) is adsorbed to a thickness of about 1.5-2mm thickness, and then a high concentration of 2-5% pure pulp liquid overlaid thereon 2-3mm thick Suction is performed. The demolding mold 6 is configured to demold the mat in which the demolding mold is formed from the molding mold suctioned up to the secondary, so as to drop lightly onto the conveyor belt for transport. The dryer is dried by hot air in a conveying apparatus.

The seedling organic material and papermaking fiber are injected into a pulper tank 1 and water is supplied from the water tank 2. The organic raw materials and papermaking fibers introduced at this time include water and trace elements, water-soluble binding agent (urea resin), moisturizing agent (CMC), trace elements (Fe. Mg, etc.) and other optional ingredients such as natural disease prevention fungicides. When the solution is added to a concentration of 5% and stirred, the paper is dissociated into cellulose to form a mixed solution. This mixture is mixed with water and the mixture is brought to a concentration of 1.5 to 2% while adjusting the pH.

The mixture obtained in the above step is transferred to a low concentration pulp storage tank (3) to transfer the undissolved fraction to a forming tank (4) where the undissolved fraction is dissolved and dissociated with shear force and impact, and the low concentration pulp storage tank (3). It serves as a storage tank before the transfer to the molding tank and the high concentration pulp storage tank (7) serves to be stored as an overlay material on the molding mat containing the primary seed.

The molding pulp thus mixed and adjusted is dipped into the forming tank 4, and vacuum-inhaled to obtain a shaped top mat.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a device for forming the mat, a hole in which air can be passed through the base and the base of the molding mold 5 having a mat shape, the inner surface of the mold is a grill net that can be removed from the raw material pulp Inherent. In addition, it consists of an air suction pipe and an aluminum plate that supports the aluminum mold.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a demolding mold apparatus for detaching a matte mat formed on the grill net, which is substantially the same as a molding mold, except that the number of holes is small and the grill net is not attached. When the mold release mold 6 is inserted into the molding tank grill net inside FIG. 4 and the mold, the vacuum pump sucks the vacuum and sucks the mat attached to the mold mold grill net at the same time as the desorption and transfers it to the low temperature hot air dryer. Detach and drop on the belt.

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples, but the following examples are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention to the following embodiments.

Example

Example 1

A total of 10kg mixed with 8kg of peat moss or cocoapit with pH adjusted to pH 6 and 2Kg of papermaking fiber was stirred and dissociated in a 1-ton capacity pulp tank for 30 minutes, and the concentration was 1.5 to 2%. The solution was prepared. A 2-5% topological composition solution was prepared in the same manner and stored in a high concentration pulp tank. This low concentration liquid mixture was transferred to a molding tank, and 350,000 tonnes (50 mat portions) of dry rice seed sterilized therein was added (37.5 g (50 mat portions) for grass seed), followed by stirring by blowing air from the bottom of the tank.

One set of top mat size (width 575mm, length 275mm, height 15mm) is deposited so that the suction mold is sufficiently immersed in the molding tank to form a layer of about 4mm, and the high concentration pulp liquid is collected from the high concentration pulp liquid storage tank. The seed-bearing pulp liquid was layered to about 2 mm. Then, by operating the vacuum pressure of the vacuum pump compressed air (7.5bar / m3) for 1 second, the solid content in the liquid is bound and agglomerated and formed to be attached to the entire thickness of the grill net of the molding mold to a thickness of about 6mm, and then the mold release mold The attached mat is vacuum-adsorbed and dropped onto the conveyor conveyer belt. As such, the mat shaped by vacuum forming had 60% moisture but was hot air dried at about 35 ° C. As such, the mat containing the seeds prepared by vacuum suction had 60% moisture, but was dried through a hot air-tight tunnel at 35 ° C. to prevent thermal degradation and water content of the seeds.

When the shrink-dried mat was placed in the bedding box and watered, it was immediately restored to the inside size of the bedding box and became an organic clay moisturized for germination growth.

After drying, 48 sheets of approximately 2.5% shrink-dried mats were made with an average width of 560mm, length of 265mm, and thickness of 55mm, and an average of 500 sheets per hour could be produced from raw materials contained in the same tank. When entering the production system format, it takes about 14 seconds for one-time molding, so mass production is possible in a short time.

Example 2-6

Experiments were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the included ingredients and contents in used peat moss or coconut pits and papermaking fibers were the same as shown in Table 1 below. The experimental results are expressed as the strength and porosity of the burst strength.

Organic raw materials Paper Fiber (Kg) Mat characteristics Pit Moss (Kg) Coconut Feet (Kg) Bursting strength Porosity Example 1 80 0 20 fitness fitness Example 2 90 0 10 weakness lowness Example 3 70 0 30 fitness fitness Example 4 60 0 40 Strong height Example 5 65 15 20 fitness fitness Example 6 65 20 15 fitness fitness

The burst strength of the mat obtained as a result of preparing the mat as the composition obtained in the above table was classified into three stages of weakness, suitability and strength, and porosity was expressed as low, suitability, and high. In the seedling mat composition, the bursting strength should be suitable and the larger the porosity, the better. Therefore, considering the two factors, the mixing ratio of organic raw material: papermaking fiber raw material is most preferably 80: 20 to 70:30.

The present invention relates to an organic top soil mat containing seeds in an organic top soil composition for seedlings using an organic material and paper fiber as an active ingredient, and a method for manufacturing the same. Organic topography mat according to the present invention has pores formed by vacuum method, so the porosity is large, so it is easy to germinate and cultivate seeds due to its excellent air and moisture permeability. There is this. In addition, the mat manufacturing method of the present invention has the advantage that it can be produced in large quantities in a short time because of the vacuum molding method is advantageous in the industrialization high productivity.

Claims (9)

Manufactured by vacuum molding method, it consists of topsoil composition and seed including organic raw materials for seedling and paper fiber selected from the group consisting of peat moss, coconut pits, and mixtures thereof. Organic clay mat for seedlings having (kgf / cm ² ). The organic clay mat for seedling according to claim 1, further comprising a mat layer consisting of the top soil composition and seeds, and a top soil composition layer containing no seeds. The organic clay mat for seedling according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the seed is selected from rice seed, grass seed and reed seed. The papermaking fiber according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the papermaking fiber is papermaking fiber obtained from corrugated paper, graft paper, or newspaper waste paper, and the organic material: papermaking fiber has a ratio of 60:40 to 90:10. Organic clay mat. 3. The seedling according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising the step of adding at least one component selected from the group consisting of chitosan, loess, activated carbon, organic raw material and paper fiber bundling agent, humectant, and pesticide. Organic clay mat for (a) a first step of preparing and mixing a topsoil composition by stirring and dissociating the organic topsoil composition comprising the organic material for raising seedlings and the papermaking fiber at a ratio of 60:40 to 90:10, and adjusting the pH to 6-6.5; (b) a second step of preparing a seed mixture solution in which sterilized seeds are added to the mixture solution at a concentration of 1.5-2%, (c) a third step of forming a mat by injecting the mixed solution of step (b) into a mat molding machine and vacuum inhaling (d) separating the mat from the mat molding machine and drying the organic soil clay mat for seedlings. According to claim 6, wherein the mat forming machine to form a mixed liquid layer containing the seed of step (b) and the top layer composition layer without seed having a concentration of 2-5% (wt / wt), and vacuum suction to form a mat Method of producing an organic clay soil mat for the seedling. According to claim 6 or 7, wherein in step (b) by providing air to uniform the concentration of the mixed solution of the seed and the topsoil composition The method of producing a meat substrate mat for seedlings. 8. The method of claim 6 or 7, wherein the mat is dried by hot air at 30-36 ° C. in the drying step (d).