CN1311731C - Organic top soil composition useful for growing of seeding and soil mat made of the composition - Google Patents
Organic top soil composition useful for growing of seeding and soil mat made of the composition Download PDFInfo
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- CN1311731C CN1311731C CNB008190631A CN00819063A CN1311731C CN 1311731 C CN1311731 C CN 1311731C CN B008190631 A CNB008190631 A CN B008190631A CN 00819063 A CN00819063 A CN 00819063A CN 1311731 C CN1311731 C CN 1311731C
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/04—Arranging seed on carriers, e.g. on tapes, on cords ; Carrier compositions
- A01C1/046—Carrier compositions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/04—Arranging seed on carriers, e.g. on tapes, on cords ; Carrier compositions
- A01C1/044—Sheets, multiple sheets or mats
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G20/20—Cultivation on mats
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
- A01G24/44—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form
- A01G24/46—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form multi-layered
Abstract
The present invention relates to organic bed soil composition useful for growing of seeding which comprises organic material and paper fiber, bed soil mat made of the composition, and preparing method of the mat.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to contain by organic substance and paper fiber as organic nursery soil composition active component, that be used for growth of seedling and the seedbed soil pad (bed soil mat) made of composition and the manufacture method of this mat thus.
Background technology
The preparation method in existing seedbed is, puts the seedling bed earth of opaque or the felt of growing seedlings (seedling-raising sheet) in box, spills water, and seed under planting in bed soil or seedling felt covers seed with soil then.So the existing problem in this seedbed is the complicated and use effort of preparation.
In order to address these problems, carried out multiple trial, comprise with the seedling bed earth composition replacing nursery soil, or prepare the felt or the methods such as paper, seedling growing box, the felt of growing seedlings of adhering to seed.Owing to comprise that the weight in the seedbed of seedling growing box is about the 5-6 kilogram, heavy manual labor of peasant Lai Shuoshi that this is bigger to age.For this reason, provide with a kind of light nursery soil.The method for making of this nursery soil is, adds soft chaff skin, zeolite and perlite etc. in a kind of gardening nursery soil (peat or coconut shell powder etc.), and it generally adopts the unit packaging form, is containing under the situation of organic mixed manure, and it also contains an amount of water.Yet because this light nursery soil is a kind of substitute of common nursery soil, it needs the user to adopt the method identical with using common nursery soil, makes seedling cultivation bed soil according to the needs of oneself.Therefore, prepare with this lighter nursery soil seedling cultivation bed also very complicated.And, this light nursery soil costliness, it has increased user's purchase cost.
Recently in Japan a kind of existing seedling cultivation bed sub has appearred, its weight have only the former half and also cheap.This alternative seedbed is that soft chaff skin is cut into this compression material through compression process again.But, because its production efficiency is lower, per hour have only 100, so this alternative seedbed is not broken through aspect production capacity and price competitiveness, this has just limited its mass selling.
In addition, Korean utility model publication No. (Korean Utility Model Laid-openPublication) No.97-53076 discloses a kind of method that is used to prepare the nursery soil felt, it is included in upper berth, seedbed polyethylene film, on tissue layers, sow, folding this tissue layers is sprinkled water on this tissue layers then.But this nursery soil layer shortcoming also is that the seed that is the zig-zag type vertical stacking on the ply of paper is otiose, needs follow-up treatment step.And because this nursery soil felt in the form of sheets, a little less than being highly brittle during used as the substitute of nursery soil material, thereby its practicality is still doubtful.In addition, the cooking of the seedling of this nursery soil felt has certain difficulty.
Korean utility model publication No. No.98-063774 discloses a kind of supatex fabric felt that is used for the portable seedling growing box.This felt only considered to adopt simple principle extremely to prevent that the root of seedling is to the growth of the hole of seedling growing box bottom.Yet in the time this felt need being taken out in order to transplant seedling, this work is just very inconvenient, thereby also has problem to wait to solve in the practical application.At these problems, Korean utility model publication No. No.99-33768 discloses a kind of seedling growing box that contains supatex fabric.Yet the disclosure has only been mentioned the supatex fabric in the seedling growing box.
The preparation method of at present commercially available a kind of nursery soil felt is with the compression forming of gardening nursery soil, to make its bone dry then.Yet owing to passed through compression forming, the structure of this nursery soil felt is very fine and close and wherein do not have a hole, and this makes its water penetration and gas permeability all very poor.Like this, this nursery soil felt can not provide adapt circumstance for the germination and the growth of seedlings of seed, so it is not suitable as the bed of growing seedlings of seed sprouting and growth of seedling.And this pillow structure is owing to rupture strength is easy to fragmentation inadequately.In addition, because this gardening nursery soil and compression system thereof are no small properties,, produce sale in batches and be difficult to realize so it needs sizable production cost.
In addition, Korean utility model publication No. No.99-135756 discloses a kind of inclined-plane protectiveness mat that contains grass-seed.The characteristics of the mat of the disclosure are that it has the lamina reticularis that comprises the irregular space that is formed by the plant ultimate fibre.In order to form lamina reticularis, the surface applied one deck plant adhesive at supatex fabric is fixed on this plant ultimate fibre on this adhesive with non-woven state.According to this communique, ventilation hole has been served as in the inner space that forms of this mat, thereby makes germination rate of grass-seed and time reach stable.But the preparation method of disclosed this mat is on nonwoven fabric substrate, to make vegetable fiber twine bonding mutually with adhesive.
Therefore, a kind of seedbed soil pad (seedling-raising bed soil mat) need be provided, and it has air permeability and good and water penetration, thereby helps seed sprouting and growth of seedling, it also will have higher rupture strength and weight lighter, to make things convenient for its carrying.In addition, also need to provide a kind of preparation method of seedbed soil pad of low-cost high productivity.
Summary of the invention
The present invention relates to a kind of organic nursery soil composition that is used to grow seedlings, comprising growth of seedling organic substance and paper fiber as active component.The invention still further relates to organic seedbed soil pad made from the composition of innovation and preparation method thereof; Described mat has air permeability and good and water penetration, helps seed sprouting and growth of seedling; Described mat also has bigger rupture strength and lighter weight, makes it have excellent handlability.The preparation method of mat of the present invention is beneficial to suitability for industrialized production, because its allows to produce in enormous quantities at short notice and high productivity arranged with the method for vacuum forming.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of organic nursery soil composition that is used to grow seedlings, said composition comprises organic substance and the paper fiber as active component for growth of seedling, and the weight ratio of organic substance wherein and paper fiber is 60: 40 to 90: 10.
Further aim of the present invention provides the organic seedbed mat that is used to grow seedlings, the preparation method of described mat is with the vacuum forming of nursery soil composition, to be characterized in having very high porosity, thereby it has good water-permeable and air permeable, and is in light weight and rupture strength is high.
Another object of the present invention provides the preparation method of the organic seedbed soil pad that is used to grow seedlings, and comprising: the first step, in organic substance and paper fiber, add entry and trace element, and stir and make it and dissociate, regulate the pH value simultaneously, obtain a kind of mixture; Second step, said mixture is immersed into pad groove (mat-forming tank), on vacuum suction formula mold, extract moisture out and make a mat with vacuum; From vacuum suction formula mold, mat is taken out; The mat of the dry demoulding.
Also have, another object of the present invention provides a kind of seedbed soil pad that is used to grow seedlings, and it comprises nursery soil composition and seed, and described nursery soil composition comprises the organic substance and the paper fiber of growing seedlings.And the present invention also provides a kind of multilayer seedbed soil pad that comprises the ground floor that contains seed and do not conform to the second layer of seed
Yet, another object of the present invention provides the preparation method of the organic seedbed soil pad that is used to grow seedlings, said method comprising the steps of: stir in water and grow seedlings material and paper fiber are dissociated, the pH value of adjusting mixture simultaneously obtains a kind of mixture of nursery soil composition to 6-6.5; Seed is added in the mixture; Suspension is injected into the pad groove; A vacuum suction formula mold is immersed into the pad groove; Apply vacuum by vacuum suction formula mold to suspension, on vacuum suction formula mold, form the ground floor that contains seed; Containing the second layer that overlapping placement on the ground floor of seed does not contain seed; The structure of final mat is through vacuum forming.
The accompanying drawing summary
With reference to accompanying drawing, the description by following examples will make above-mentioned and other purpose of the present invention and aspect become obviously, wherein:
Fig. 1 a has schematically shown a kind of seedbed soil pad of being made up of nursery soil composition of the present invention among the present invention;
Fig. 1 b has schematically shown the seedbed soil pad that contains seed among the present invention;
Fig. 2 a is a schematic cross-section, has shown a kind of organic seedbed soil pad of growing seedlings of the present invention, and described soil pad is formed by containing Seed Layer and no Seed Layer;
Fig. 2 b is a perspective view according to the soil pad of Fig. 2 a;
Fig. 3 is a vacuum suction formula mold schematic cross-section that comprises the mold body; The cavity that one shape of cushion is arranged above the mold body; Can extract the air in the cavity out by ventilation hole; The total inner surface of cavity is equipped with a grid, also can be stripped from above the nursery soil composition sticks to; By a tracheae cavity is linked to each other with vavuum pump; The tray support of an aluminum mold;
Fig. 4 is the sectional view of a release mold, and this release mold is used to discharge the mat on the grid that takes shape in Fig. 4, and this discharges mold, and almost the moulding mold with Fig. 4 is identical, but the negligible amounts in hole.
Fig. 5 is a photo, has shown a rolled-up mat of the present invention, and planting in this mat has the rice seed and put in the environment that is beneficial to rice seed sprouting and growth 9 days; With
Fig. 6 is a photo, has shown a mat of the present invention, and planting in this mat has the rice seed and put in the environment that is beneficial to rice seed sprouting and growth 13 days.
Preferred forms of the present invention
The present invention relates to a kind of organic nursery soil composition that is used to grow seedlings, comprising growth of seedling organic substance and paper fiber as active component.It also relates to organic seedbed soil pad made from nursery soil composition of the present invention and preparation method thereof.
In one embodiment, the invention provides the organic nursery soil composition that is used to grow seedlings, comprising the mat of growing seedlings organic substance and forming that can make seed sprouting by said composition as active component.
The example of the actual organic substance of using of the present invention comprises peat moss, coconut peat or their combination.In view of their characteristic, when making organic substance with the combination of peat moss and coconut peat, the content of coconut peat wherein can not surpass the content of peat moss.These organic substances before use must be roughly through removing impurity, adjusting fibre length, neutralization and screening.For example, peat moss before use must be roughly through washing its middle level and high-rise to remove ashes, drying, to screen, regulate the pH value to 6-6.5 and sterilization with sieve at water.The organic substance length of the peat moss after the screening is 1-1.5mm.Peat moss be a kind of water imbibition organic substance and since its have fibrous matter, peat moss has the characteristic of good maintenance humidity, its porosity is 85% or higher, and its basic exchange capacity (BEC) is 80-150m.e./100g, and its carbon-nitrogen ratio rate (C/N) is 15-25%.Like this, the physical property of peat moss has been given this mat gas permeability, is beneficial to prevent that this mat is owing to the over-drying fatigue phenomenon that occurs (beatphenomenon) (that is twisted phenomena).And because its cellulose components, secondary fermentation can not take place in peat moss during seedling culture, and has permanent effect for preventing to subside and keep plant growing.In addition, peat moss is usually also as the material in gardening nursery soil or the seedling-growing container (seedling-raising pot).
And as the paper fiber, used paper fiber can be from corrugated cardboard (carton box), grafting paper (graftpaper) or discarded newsprint.For example, used paper fiber must resemble printing ink and synthetic resin impurity in removal, and regulates pH value back and use.In these paper material, preferably need be controlled, to avoid hindering the growth of plant for the content of the contained carbon of grafting paper, ashes, fiber and lignin etc.In the prior art, a kind of association of soil thing of growing seedlings is arranged, wherein contain peat moss as active component.This prior composition is contained in the pocket with the form of particle and sells.But it is exactly that the user must prepare mat in person with this composition that this existing synthetic has a shortcoming.In addition, also have a problem to be, easy to be broken with the mat that the compressed moulding of this prior composition is made because rupture strength is lower.For addressing these problems, the present invention has adopted the paper fiber.When the pH value the paper fiber transfers to 6-6.5, it just becomes a kind of organic substance that is similar to the plant growing standard, and it is decomposed in soil easily, thereby it is easy to fermentation and improves soil.
The example of paper fiber comprises the long fibre of grafting paper, corrugated plating and the short fiber of newsprint etc.The concentration and the concentration gradient that depend on it because of the tension force difference and the fatigue phenomenon of short fiber, thus for make its be easy to peat moss in conjunction with and make mat, it is very important that contained paper fiber has a proper proportion.Therefore, the weight ratio of paper fiber and organic substance preferably 60: 40 to 90: 10, more preferably 70: 30 to 80: 20.If the nursery soil in this invention
CombinationThe too high levels of paper fiber in nothing else thing or the seedbed soil pad made with it, the rupture strength of the seedbed soil pad that makes so can be too big, like this, when the seedbed soil pad is over-drying between nursery stage fatigue phenomenon will take place.This can cause seed to be difficult for germinateing and the root fracture of seeds germinated.On the other hand, if the paper fiber content is low excessively, easy fragmentation causes being difficult to transportation to the seedbed soil pad that makes so because rupture strength is too little, and is unfavorable for its sale, and therefore, the paper fiber content is low just can not the preparation mat.
In one embodiment of the invention, the organic nursery soil composition that is used to grow seedlings can add natural component, such as, choosing is by one or more compositions in one group of material forming from shitosan, loess and active carbon.Loess is used to provide trace elements such as iron, and shitosan is used to improve the quality of the paddy that is grown up to by seed rice and seedling, and active carbon is used to regulate the pH value of nursery soil composition and bactericidal action is arranged.
And, the invention provides the seedbed soil pad that a kind of nursery soil composition with the present invention that is used for growing seedlings is made, a kind of seedbed soil pad that contains seed also is provided.In one embodiment of the invention, existing by having only one deck to contain the seedbed soil pad (single-layer pad) that nursery soil composition of the present invention and seed constitute, have again the nursery soil pad (multilayer mats) that comprises the ground floor that only contains nursery soil composition of the present invention and contain the second layer of nursery soil composition of the present invention and seed.In the later case, when on the suspension that the suspension of ground floor is placed the second layer, for fear of because the seed of the suspension of the floating formation ground floor that causes of seed and the second layer mixes, the concentration that does not preferably contain nursery soil composition in the ground floor suspension of seed is higher than the concentration of nursery soil composition in the second layer suspension that contains seed.More preferably the second layer contains the preparation method of the solution of seed and is, the concentration range of nursery soil composition is 1.5-2% (wt/wt) in the solution, is 2-5% (wt/wt) and ground floor does not conform to the concentration range of nursery soil composition in the solution of seed.Organic nursery soil composition of the present invention and seedbed soil pad can be used for growing seedlings of all plants, comprise rice plants, turf or reed.Organic nursery soil group thing of the present invention also can be used as common substitute is used for seedling by the user cultivation.And no matter be to prepare the mat that does not contain seed and the nursery soil composition is only arranged, still the seedbed soil pad of using the nursery soil preparation of compositions that contains seed to contain seed all is possible.In one embodiment of the invention, the seedbed soil pad kind of rice growth of seedling be rice seed, so directly sowing commonly used, cultivate the seedling of early and middle portion.Then, seedbed soil pad after planting is used further to the transplanting and the sowing of rice plants through processing and forming.Turf seedling bed earth pad can directly be used as the turf of small pieces behind the turf seedling development.Because the finished product mat closes sterilization and the necessary all nutrient components of growth of seedling, so growing seedlings in this mat just only need add water and sow.Contain at the nursery soil pad under the situation of seed, only needing to add water to mat just is enough to make seedling to grow up.
In one embodiment of the present of invention, be that the rupture strength of the seedbed soil pad made of the solution of 1.5-2% is 3.26 to 3.64kgf/cm with the nursery soil composition concentration
2, this intensity is recorded with KSM 70 17-90 method of testings by Korean Instituteof Commodity Test Research.If the concentration of nursery soil composition has changed, change has also just taken place in the dry rupture strength of gained mat.The dry rupture strength of the mat that is suitable for transporting and germinates is 1-5kgf/cm
2When mat contains kind of a period of the day from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m, rupture strength will descend.The decline of this rupture strength is to include seed owing in the mat, and this decline is acceptable.
But, for improving the transport performance of this mat, preferably a seedbed soil bed course that does not conform to seed is overlayed above the seedbed soil bed course that contains seed or below.More preferably, do not contain nursery soil composition concentration contained in the seedbed soil bed course of seed than the seedbed soil bed course height that contains seed.Therefore, when the bed course that will not contain seed was placed on above the bed course that contains seed, the seed that contains in the bed course of seed can not float in the upper strata, has improved the rupture strength of gained seedbed soil pad like this.
Especially, the seedbed soil pad that contains seed is made with broadcasting seed-bearing paddy seedbed soil.Like this, because it has got rid of cost height and tedious to nursery soil removal of impurities, selection and sowing in seedling raising process, so it has reduced the amount of labour and has reduced cost.In addition, its benefit also is can provide because of the permeability event that has improved water and air the seedling of solid.Under the situation of directly sowing, the seedbed soil advance capital for body that is embedded with seed can directly be planted.So, because machinery that need not be independent and device can be carried out to chip and directly sow, thus avoided by adopting linear direct sowing or free-handly broadcast sowing the lodging of the rice plants that planting patterns causes and tangle, thus make its harvesting more smooth and easy.Therefore, even natural calamity has caused lodging, because fixing drilling and stub are clear and legible, so available grain header in the operation.And for rice plants, the control or the harvesting of damage by disease and insect have become easily, and the cost and the labour that grow seedlings have simultaneously also reduced.
In another embodiment, the invention provides the method for using the nursery soil composition of being invented to make the seedbed soil pad through vacuum forming.This method may further comprise the steps: add organic substance and paper fiber formation mixture in water; Stir and the mixture that dissociates, regulate the pH value simultaneously to 6.0-6.5; Pouring into in the pad groove through the mixture that overregulates the pH value; Vacuum suction formula mold is immersed in the groove; Apply vacuum by mold to mixture, on the mold of bleeding, form the mat of solid; With the mat demoulding and dry.In the step of the mixture of preparation, also one or more compositions that are selected from one group of material being made up of trace element, active carbon, shitosan, loess can be added wherein through overregulating the pH value.The preparation method of seedbed soil pad who contains seed is similar with the preparation method of the seedbed soil pad that does not contain seed.But different is that it contains the germination performance that seed also needs to keep seed.
In one embodiment, the invention provides the method for the organic seedbed soil pad of preparation, this method comprises the steps: to add organic substance in water and the paper fiber forms mixture; Stir and regulate the concentration of pH value and mixture; Adopt a bleeder mold, this mold comprises a mold body, one at mold body upper surface cavity that form, that size and dimension is consistent with formed mat, the many ventilation holes that air in the cavity can be extracted out, a grid that is fixed on the cavity inner surface and covers total inner surface; The bleeder mold is immersed in the one-tenth pad groove that the mixture of regulating through the pH value is housed; Grid by the bleeder mold makes the mixture moulding with vacuum, forms mat on the grid so the solid constituent of mixture sticks to; The bleeder mold is installed in the demoulding mold, and this demoulding mold has a lot of ventilation holes, applies vacuum can for the mat of moulding on bleeder mold grid by these ventilation holes; Apply vacuum for the mat that sticks on the bleeder mold grid by the ventilation hole on the demoulding mold, thereby make mat separate and stick to the lower surface of demoulding mold from the bleeder mold; Horizontally rotate demoulding mold, so that the mat of making drops on the conveyer belt to the conveyer belt top of drier direction motion.
In another embodiment, the invention provides the seedbed soil pad that also contains seed in a kind of nursery soil composition.This preparation process that contains the seedbed soil pad of seed comprises: (a) first step, the organic nursery soil composition that contains seedling culturing machine material and paper fiber is provided, the weight ratio of described organic substance and described paper fiber is 60: 40 to 90: 10, in water, stir and the said composition of dissociating, regulate the pH value to 6.0-6.5, thereby make mixture.(b) second step joins this to the seed after sterilizing and contains in the mixture of nursery soil composition that concentration is 1.5-2%wt/wt, makes the mixture that contains seed; (c) pour into the mixture that makes in (b) into the pad groove, the bleeder mold is immersed wherein, apply vacuum for the mixture that contains seed by the bleeder mold, so that the solid constituent in the mixture sticks on the bleeder mold, formation contains the ground floor of seed, and the second layer that superposes on ground floor does not contain seed, and the concentration of its nursery soil composition is 2-5%wt/wt, make the mat vacuum forming that obtains by demoulding mold, so this mat sticks on the demoulding mold; (d) make mat demoulding and being dried from the demoulding mold.
The mixture that contains the nursery soil composition has two kinds, promptly contains the mixture of seed and does not contain the mixture of seed.The nursery soil composition concentration of mixture that closes seed is lower, be 1.5-2% (wt/wt), and it is higher not contain the nursery soil composition concentration of mixture of seed, is 2-5% (wt/wt).When the difference of this nursery soil composition concentration can prevent two superimposed, contain the floating second layer that does not contain seed of sneaking into of seed of Seed Layer.The seedbed soil pad that contains seed does not need additional conditions, only need add water and adjust to the condition that is suitable for germinateing, and can make seed sprouting.In the method for preparing mat provided by the invention, preferred nursery soil composition and seed all use after sterilization.Can prevent black bar disease, the Lidomil that for example available Korea S Sung Bo Agricultural ChemicalCo. provides for the sterilization of nursery soil composition with methylene
TMThe Prochloraz that seed can provide with Novatis Agricultural Co.
TMSterilization.
And, stir tempestuously that to contain the nursery soil composition of organic substance and paper fiber and to make it to dissociate be for fiber is dissolved fully, thereby make uniform solution.Can cause the seed damage because stir and add seed when dissociating, cause seed germination rate to reduce, so add seed again after must preparing in the homogeneous solution of nursery soil composition.Equally, when step (b) preparation contained the mixture of seed, bubbling air was in order to make the seed concentration in the mixture reach homogeneous in containing the mixture of seed.When containing mat with the mixture preparation that contains seed like this, the concentration of mat is homogeneous.
The mat that does not contain seed can carry out drying according to common drying condition.Yet, if it is dry in the hot-air of high temperature to contain the seedbed soil pad of seed among the present invention, the problem of seed fire damage will take place, can reduce germination rate significantly like this.For this reason, in drying steps (d), preferred mat is dry in 30-36 ℃ warm air.
Contain in the step of mixture of nursery soil composition in preparation, also select to add one or more compositions in one group of material forming by trace element, shitosan, loess and active carbon.
In one embodiment, the invention provides the preparation method of the mat of the mixture that contains organic material and paper fiber, and contain seed in the mat, the weight ratio of organic substance wherein and paper fiber is 60-90: 40-10.The step of this method comprises: organic substance and paper fiber are mixed with water, stir the mixture; Add seed and make the mixture that contains seed; Adopt a vacuum suction formula mold, this mold comprises a mold body, form many pores on the mold body, a grid that is fixed on the cavity inner surface and covers total inner surface, one at mold body upper surface cavity that form, that size and dimension is consistent with formed mat; The bleeder mold is immersed the mixture that contains seed; Grid by vacuum suction formula mold applies vacuum to the mixture that contains seed, makes that the solid constituent in the mixture that contains seed sticks on the grid, makes the ground floor that contains seed like this; Adopt vacuum forming method, stack second bed course on first bed course, the contained nursery soil composition concentration of this second bed course is than the concentration height of first bed course that does not conform to seed; Demoulding mold is installed in the vacuum suction formula mold; Make the mat demoulding from the vacuum suction mold, thereby mat is bonded on the demoulding mold; Mat is broken away from from demoulding mold, it is dropped on the conveyer belt of drier direction motion.
Following embodiment just is used for being further explained, and never limits the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
By 8 kilograms of peat mosss or coconut peat and 2 kilograms of fibrous 10 kilograms of synthetics after sterilization of paper, pH value is adjusted to 6, is stirring and dissociating 30 minutes in 1 ton the paper pulp jar at capacity, makes to contain the pulp solution that composition concentration is a 1.5-2% weight.
(the bleeder mold that 580mm * 280mm * 7mm) is suitable fully soaks the people and is equipped with in the forming tank of pulp solution for a pair of cavity size and nursery soil size.By bleeder mold vavuum pump is that pulp solution applies vacuum (7.5bar/m
3) 1 second, make solid constituent in the pulp solution stick to the total inner surface of bleeder mold grid, thickness reaches 4mm, has just made mat like this on grid.Then, stick to mat on the grid by the vacuum forming of demoulding mold, so mat just sticks to its lower surface.Then, mat drops on the conveyer belt of drier direction motion.The mat water content of making like this is 60%, but will be dry in 100 ℃ the hot-air in temperature.Dry back mat dimensional contraction has arrived 560mm * 256mm * 5.5mm, has obtained 48 such mats.With the pulp solution in the jar, per hour can produce 500 or more a plurality of mat with two pairs of bleeder molds.And if the mat of dry after-contraction is put into seedling growing box and added water, it can revert to the size of seedling growing box inside very soon, has also just become the organic nursery soil that keeps humidity and can make seed sprouting and growth.Because a required time of mat moulding is 12 seconds, so, adopt said method and production system just can unrestrictedly produce in enormous quantities as long as increase the quantity of used bleeder mold.
Embodiment 2-6
Except using the listed synthetic of table 1, embodiment 2-6 is according to carrying out with embodiment 1 identical step.Table 1 has shown the rupture strength and the porosity measurement value of formed mat.
Table 1
| Organic substance | Paper fiber (Kg) | The characteristic of mat | |||
| Peat moss (Kg) | Coconut peat (Kg) | Rupture strength | Porosity | ||
| Example 1 example 2 examples 3 examples 4 examples 5 examples 6 | 80 90 70 60 65 65 | 0 0 0 0 15 20 | 20 10 30 40 20 15 | In a little less than by force very a little less than the persistent erection | It is high during middle height is very low |
In last table 1, the rupture strength of the mat that will be made by composition is divided into " weak ", " in ", " by force " Three Estate, porosity is divided into " low ", " in ", " height ".In the pad of growing seedlings, preferred medium rupture strength, higher better of porosity.In view of these two factors, most preferably the mixed proportion of organic substance and paper fiber is preferably 80: 20 to 70: 30.
Embodiment 7
Variation for according to seedling growing box weight before and after the sowing of nursery soil determination of raw material adds water respectively in the nursery soil of mentioning in the present invention.These nursery soils are generally from rice ground.The Bunongsangto that will form by a kind of fertilizer
TM(being provided by Korea S Bunongsangto Co.) and the nursery soil (carbonization chaff skin, zeolite, loess and fertilizer by 60w% are formed) that contains carbonization chaff skin add common nursery soil to.These nursery soils and seed are added respectively in the chest, and these seeds have all been sterilized and have been soaked in water and had been in the early stage of germinateing in two days, and every case adds 280 grams.The weight of used chest is 630 grams, and the seed of usefulness is a rice seed.The weight of the weight of dry nursery soil, topsoil and the weight of whole chest after planting before the weighing sowing.The result is as shown in table 2.Simultaneously, in table 2, indicated the percentage of the gross weight of each chest in the bracket with respect to common nursery soil weight.As for the weight of moisture chest after planting, the chest that the nursery soil composition of being invented is housed weighs 3612 grams, be equivalent to be equipped with common nursery soil chest (4914 gram) 70%.Simultaneously, heavy 150 grams of the mat of being invented itself, and common nursery soil weighs 1100 grams.Therefore, the mat of this invention is very light, is convenient to transportation.
Table 2
| The nursery soil material | The seedbed (g/ case) of drying before the sowing | Topsoil weight (g/ case) | Gross weight (g/ case) after planting |
| Bunongsangto TMCommon nursery soil nursery soil carbonization of the present invention chaff skin | 1970 1492 750 - | 2600 2122 749 - | 5102(104％) 4194(100％) 3612(70％) 4604(94％) |
Embodiment 8
Synthetic after 10 kilograms of sterilizations, it is fibrous by 8 kilograms of peat mosss or coconut peat and 2 kilograms of paper, and the pH value is adjusted to 6, at capacity is to stir in 1 ton the paper pulp jar and dissociated 30 minutes, makes to contain the pulpous state solution that composition concentration is a 1.5-2% weight.Then, the another kind of contained nursery soil composition concentration solution that is 2-5% weight is also with method for preparing and leave in the paper pulp jar.The pulpous state solution of contained nursery soil composition concentration relatively low (1.5-2% weight) is transferred in the forming tank, added 350,000 (corresponding to the quantity of 50 mats) (for grass seeds, 37.5 grams are corresponding to 50 mats) of rice seed of sterilization.Then, stir the solution that contains seed from the paper pulp pot bottom with the air blown method.
(the bleeder mold that 580mm * 280mm * 7mm) is suitable fully soaks the people and is equipped with in the forming tank that contains the low concentration composition solution for a pair of cavity size and nursery soil size.By the bleeder mold through 1 second of vavuum pump effect, for pulpous state solution applies vacuum (7.5bar/m
3), thereby make solid constituent in the pulpous state solution stick to the total inner surface of bleeder mold grid, thickness reaches about 4mm, has so just made the bed course that contains seed.
Then, replace the pulpous state solution of low trace degree in the forming tank with the pulpous state solution of high concentration, apply vacuum so that do not contain the bed course of seed and overlay on the bed course that contains seed for pulpous state solution, thickness reaches about 2mm.
By the bed course that contains seed with do not contain mat that the bed course of seed forms and stick on the demoulding mold and drop on the conveyer belt of drier direction motion through vacuum action.The mat water content of making like this is 60%, but in order to prevent that seed is subjected to fire damage and prevents that it from containing moisture, mat will be approximately in 35 ℃ the hot-air dry channel dry in temperature. and obtain 48 mats, its dimensional contraction of dry back has arrived 560mm * 256mm * 5.5mm.And,, per hour can produce 500 or more a plurality of mat with two pairs of bleeder molds with the pulpous state solution in same jar.And if the mat of drying contraction is put into seedling growing box and added water, its can revert to the size of seedling growing box inside very soon, has also just become the organic nursery soil that keeps humidity to make seed germinate and to grow.Because a required time of mat moulding is 14 seconds, so as long as increase the quantity of used bleeder mold, said method is used for production system and can unrestrictedly produces in enormous quantities.
Embodiment 9
Table 3
| Nursery soil | After planting 8 days | After planting 10 days | After planting 13 days | ||||
| Seedling long (cm) | Seedling long (cm) | Penetration depth (cm) | Dry weight (g/100 unit) | The root system development degree | |||
| Seedling is long | Root | ||||||
| The common nursery soil of Bunongsangto nursery soil 60% carbonization chaff skin of the present invention | 4.9 4.5 4.5 4.9 | 8.0 9.7 8.0 8.2 | 8.4 10.8 8.4 8.9 | 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 | 0.845 0.799 0.800 0.733 | 0.361 0.216 0.210 0.202 | +++ +++ ++++ ++ |
++ +++: very outstanding
++ ++: outstanding
+++: is good; With
++: poor
It approximately is in 25 to 32 ℃ the greenhouse or polyethylene shed that the seedbed soil pad that closes rice seed that makes among the embodiment 7 leaves temperature in.Measure seedling long (length of initial rice seedling), penetration depth (infiltration length), dry weight and root system development situation to determine that after planting the development degree of seedling changes in time, can detect the process that seedling grows up on every kind of seedbed soil like this.The result is as shown in table 3.Accompanying drawing 5 has shown the seedling of nursery soil upper seeding wheel of the present invention after 9 days, accompanying drawing 6 seedling of expression sowing after 13 days.After planting 10 days, at each common nursery soil, carbonization chaff skin and Bunongsangto
TMThe seedling of the seedling that grows under the condition is long to be compared with the suitable length of sprigging for 9.7-8.0cm, and its seedling is long shorter.Interpolation nutrition can overcome the defective of this seedling length.After planting 13 days, at Bunongsangto
TMThe seedling root of last growth is heavy the highest, but the seedlings root development degree of growing on nursery soil of the present invention is best.As shown in Figure 5, the seedling that grows on nursery soil of the present invention demonstrates good root system and forms degree, is easy to like this transport and transplant with automation.
Claims (3)
1. be used for the seedbed soil pad that rice plants is grown seedlings with what vacuum forming method was made, this seedbed soil pad comprises the bed course be made up of nursery soil composition and seed and is made up of the nursery soil composition and does not contain the bed course of seed, wherein said nursery soil composition is to be used for organic nursery soil composition that rice plants is grown seedlings, the pH value of this organic nursery soil composition is 6-6.5, and contain (i) organic substance as active component, be selected from by peat moss, in one group of material that coconut peat and composition thereof is formed, (ii) paper fiber, the part by weight of described organic substance and paper fiber is 60: 40 to 90: 10; And wherein be used for preparing the mixture of the bed course that does not contain seed, the concentration of described nursery soil composition is 2-5% (wt/wt), is used for preparing the mixture of the bed course that contains seed, and the concentration of described nursery soil composition is 1.5-2% (wt/wt).
2. the seedbed soil pad of claim 1, paper fiber wherein obtains from corrugated cardboard, grafting paper or discarded newsprint.
3. the seedbed soil pad of claim 1, wherein additional one or more compositions that are selected from one group of material forming by adhesive, humectant, the disease control agent of shitosan, loess, active carbon, organic substance and paper fiber that comprise.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR10-2000-0007257A KR100380531B1 (en) | 2000-02-16 | 2000-02-16 | Organic bed-soil composition useful for raising of seedling, and bed-soil mat made of the composition and preparation method of the same |
| KR1020000007256A KR20000024480A (en) | 2000-02-16 | 2000-02-16 | Organic top soil mat including seed useful for raising of seeding, and preparing method of the same |
| KR2000/0007256 | 2000-02-16 | ||
| KR2000/0007257 | 2000-02-16 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1434677A CN1434677A (en) | 2003-08-06 |
| CN1311731C true CN1311731C (en) | 2007-04-25 |
Family
ID=26637118
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB008190631A Expired - Lifetime CN1311731C (en) | 2000-02-16 | 2000-10-14 | Organic top soil composition useful for growing of seeding and soil mat made of the composition |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3839721B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1311731C (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2001060144A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3996033B2 (en) * | 2002-10-11 | 2007-10-24 | 株式会社竹中工務店 | Manufacturing method of plant sheet |
| WO2004071193A2 (en) * | 2003-02-12 | 2004-08-26 | Koch Cellulose, Llc | Seedbed for growing vegetation |
| FR2887742B1 (en) * | 2005-06-29 | 2007-08-10 | Aldo Urtiti | SYSTEM FOR SEEDING RICE DIRECTLY FROM SEEDS IN WATER OR LINKING PLANTS WITH THE CLASSIC METHOD WITH THE COMPETITION OF SPECIAL TEMPLATES |
| KR101382878B1 (en) * | 2011-09-05 | 2014-04-08 | 김기홍 | the the manufacturing method of formed compost medium for raising seeding with cotton |
| KR101472209B1 (en) * | 2013-04-11 | 2014-12-11 | 경상대학교산학협력단 | Planting materials for afforesting using cellulose-based biomass |
| CN106966768B (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2022-11-11 | 黑龙江明博科技有限公司 | Rice seedling raising turfy soil matrix board and preparation method thereof |
| CN104628431B (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2017-08-25 | 黑龙江稻乐农业科技有限公司 | A kind of device for board manufacture for being used to prepare raising rice seedlings turfy soil matrix substrate |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR860000003A (en) * | 1984-06-27 | 1986-01-25 | 미쓰루 요시미 | Method for manufacturing vegetation zone and its device |
| JPH07327484A (en) * | 1994-06-10 | 1995-12-19 | Toko Kensetsu Kk | Material for greening |
| KR970025368A (en) * | 1995-11-03 | 1997-06-24 | 이은명 | Seedling seedling pot and manufacturing method |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR890000068Y1 (en) * | 1984-10-08 | 1989-03-06 | 론다이 가부시기 가이샤 | Seed tapes |
| JP2799148B2 (en) * | 1994-10-18 | 1998-09-17 | 東興建設株式会社 | Method of growing grass on structure and growth base |
| KR960036900A (en) * | 1995-04-26 | 1996-11-19 | 민윤기 | Sheet which sowed seed of flower |
-
2000
- 2000-10-14 CN CNB008190631A patent/CN1311731C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-10-14 JP JP2001559253A patent/JP3839721B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-10-14 WO PCT/KR2000/001150 patent/WO2001060144A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR860000003A (en) * | 1984-06-27 | 1986-01-25 | 미쓰루 요시미 | Method for manufacturing vegetation zone and its device |
| JPH07327484A (en) * | 1994-06-10 | 1995-12-19 | Toko Kensetsu Kk | Material for greening |
| KR970025368A (en) * | 1995-11-03 | 1997-06-24 | 이은명 | Seedling seedling pot and manufacturing method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2003527845A (en) | 2003-09-24 |
| JP3839721B2 (en) | 2006-11-01 |
| WO2001060144A1 (en) | 2001-08-23 |
| CN1434677A (en) | 2003-08-06 |
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