KR19990064890A - Manufacture method of organic matter manure - Google Patents
Manufacture method of organic matter manure Download PDFInfo
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- KR19990064890A KR19990064890A KR1019990017958A KR19990017958A KR19990064890A KR 19990064890 A KR19990064890 A KR 19990064890A KR 1019990017958 A KR1019990017958 A KR 1019990017958A KR 19990017958 A KR19990017958 A KR 19990017958A KR 19990064890 A KR19990064890 A KR 19990064890A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 title description 5
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 title 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 title 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000020 calcium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 25
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 25
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 8
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000255925 Diptera Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidochlorine(.) Chemical compound O=Cl=O OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000749 insecticidal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 244000045947 parasite Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000010149 Brassica rapa subsp chinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000000536 Brassica rapa subsp pekinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000499436 Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004155 Chlorine dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004129 EU approved improving agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008415 Lactuca sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003228 Lactuca sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607142 Salmonella Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607768 Shigella Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940043430 calcium compound Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001674 calcium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019398 chlorine dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000676 disease causative agent Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001410 inorganic ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002147 killing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F1/00—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof
- C05F1/005—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof from meat-wastes or from other wastes of animal origin, e.g. skins, hair, hoofs, feathers, blood
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
- C05D3/02—Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G1/00—Mixtures of fertilisers belonging individually to different subclasses of C05
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
본 발명은 축혈과 석회분말을 혼합하고 숙성시켜 자연건조 시킴으로써, 축혈이 탈취, 살균, 살충되고 또한 알칼리성 유기물로 치환됨으로 축산폐기물을 유기질비료로 사용할수 있는 유기질 비료 제조방법에 관한 것으로서, 특히 석회 분말과 함수율 85 ∼ 95%의 축혈을 밀폐된 교반기에서 약 5 ∼ 15분간 교반하여 축혈이 석회 분말에 흡수되어 발열 반응을 통해 80 ∼ 90℃의 열을 방출하게 하고 이과정에서 상기 축혈이 고형 안정화 되고 축혈 자체의 취기성분도 일부 흡착 제거되도록 하는 단계와, 상기 고형화된 축혈을 밀폐된 숙성조에 2 ∼ 3일 정도 저장하고 이들의 반응열에 의해 60 ∼ 70℃까지 유지되게 하며 이 과정에서 호기성 미생물이 번식하여 고속 분해와 발효가 동시에 진행되고 취기성분이 제거되며 수산화 칼슘 생성시의 발열과 수산화 칼슘 및 중탄산 칼슘등의 알칼리에 의해 살충 살균이 이루어지도록 하는 단계와, 상기 숙성하는 단계에서 40%의 함수율을 20 ∼ 25%까지 낮추기 위해 처리물을 뒤집으며 호기성상태에서 약 4 ∼ 10일 정도 자연건조하는 단계로 이루어진다.The present invention relates to an organic fertilizer manufacturing method that can use livestock waste as an organic fertilizer by mixing, aging and drying the bleeding powder and lime powder, and drying it naturally. 85 to 95% of the water content is stirred in a sealed stirrer for about 5 to 15 minutes, and the blood is absorbed by the lime powder to release heat of 80 to 90 ° C through an exothermic reaction. The adsorption component of the bleeding blood is also adsorbed and removed, and the solidified bleeding blood is stored in a closed aging tank for 2 to 3 days and maintained at 60 to 70 ° C. by the heat of reaction. High speed decomposition and fermentation at the same time, odor component is removed, exotherm and calcium hydroxide Insecticide sterilization is performed by alkali such as calcium bicarbonate, and in order to lower the water content of 40% to 20 to 25% in the aging step, the process is turned over and dried naturally for about 4 to 10 days in an aerobic state. Consists of steps.
Description
본 발명은 유기질 비료 제조방법에 관한 것으로서, 더욱 상세하게는 가축 축혈( 畜 血 )을 안정화 처리함으로써, 토양의 PH를 상승시키고 유기물, 전질소, 유효인산 및 치환성 양이온의 함량을 높일수 있어 산성 토양등의 토양개량제 및 유기질 비료로 사용할수 있고 또한 축산폐기물을 위생적으로 처리할수 있는 유기질 비료 제조방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing organic fertilizer, and more particularly, by stabilizing livestock bleeding (血 血), it is possible to increase the pH of the soil and increase the content of organic matter, total nitrogen, effective phosphoric acid and substitution cations acidic soil The present invention relates to a method for producing organic fertilizers, which can be used as soil improving agents and organic fertilizers, and which can sanitize livestock waste.
일반적으로 가축 사육규모가 대단위화 되어가고 있는 축산업에서 고농도의 유기물인 가축 축혈 처리에 과다한 비용이 소요됨은 물론 불완전 처리로 인한 환경오염의 가능성이 상존하고 있는 실정이다.In general, in the livestock industry where livestock breeding is becoming large-scale, excessive costs are required for the treatment of livestock accumulation, which is a high concentration of organic matter, and there is a possibility of environmental pollution due to incomplete treatment.
가축 축혈의 처리방법으로 많이 사용되고 있는 협기성 및 호기성 처리법은 대부분이 처리기술이 복잡하고 비용이 과다한점 등으로 인하여 완벽한 처리가 되지 못한채 배출되어 환경오염을 가증시키고 있으며, 한편 유기물의 재활용 측면에서 많이 이용되고 있는 퇴비화 방법은 부속기간이 장기간 소요되고 수분조절제를 사용해야 되는 등의 문제점이 내재되어 있다.Most of the aerobic and aerobic treatment methods that are widely used for the treatment of livestock bleeding have been discharged without being fully processed due to the complicated treatment technology and the excessive cost, thereby increasing the environmental pollution. The composting method that is used has problems inherent in the long period of attachment and the use of a moisture control agent.
본 발명은 가축 축혈을 유기질 비료화 하기위한 것으로서 본 발명의 목적은 축혈과 석회분말을 혼합하고 숙성시켜 자연건조 시킴으로써, 축혈이 탈취, 살균, 살충되고 또한 알칼리성 유기물로 치환됨으로 축산폐기물을 유기질비료로 사용할수 있는 유기질 비료 제조방법을 제공함에 있다.The present invention is intended to organically fertilize livestock bleeding, and an object of the present invention is to mix and mature the bleeding and lime powder, and then to dry it naturally. To provide an organic fertilizer manufacturing method that can be.
상기 목적을 달성하기 위하여 본 발명은 석회 분말과 함수율 85 ∼ 95%의 축혈을 밀폐된 교반기에서 약 5 ∼ 15분간 교반하여 축혈이 석회 분말에 흡수되어 발열 반응을 통해 80 ∼ 90℃의 열을 방출하게 하고 이과정에서 상기 축혈이 고형 안정화 되고 축혈 자체의 취기성분도 일부 흡착 제거되도록 하는 단계와, 상기 고형화된 축혈을 밀폐된 숙성조에 2 ∼ 3일 정도 저장하고 이들의 반응열에 의해 60 ∼ 70℃까지 유지되게 하며 이 과정에서 호기성 미생물이 번식하여 고속 분해와 발효가 동시에 진행되고 취기성분이 제거되며 수산화 칼슘 생성시의 발열과 수산화 칼슘 및 중탄산 칼슘등의 알칼리에 의해 살충 살균이 이루어지도록 하는 단계와, 상기 숙성하는 단계에서 40%의 함수율을 20 ∼ 25%까지 낮추기 위해 처리물을 뒤집으며 호기성상태에서 약 4 ∼ 10일 정도 자연건조하는 단계로 이루어지도록 구성되어 있다.In order to achieve the above object, the present invention agitates the lime powder and the blood accumulation of 85 to 95% of water content in a sealed stirrer for about 5 to 15 minutes, so that the blood accumulation is absorbed into the lime powder and releases heat of 80 to 90 ° C through an exothermic reaction. In this process, the blood accumulation is solid stabilized and the adsorption component of the blood accumulation itself is also absorbed and removed, and the solidified blood accumulation is stored in a closed aging tank for 2 to 3 days, and the heat of reaction is reduced to 60-70 ° C. In this process, the aerobic microorganisms propagate, and at the same time, rapid decomposition and fermentation are carried out, odor components are removed, and pesticide sterilization is performed by exothermic heat during the generation of calcium hydroxide and alkali such as calcium hydroxide and calcium bicarbonate, In the aging step, the treatment is turned over to lower the water content of 40% to 20-25%, and in the aerobic state, about 4-10. It is constructed to consist of a degree of natural drying step.
이하 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, the preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.
본 발명은 고액분리공정과 안정화 반응공정 및 건조공정으로 구분되며 고액분리공정은 다음과 같다.The present invention is divided into a solid-liquid separation process, a stabilization reaction process and a drying process, and the solid-liquid separation process is as follows.
처리대상물의 수분 함량은 안정화 반응 효율을 좌우하는 중요한 인자이므로 안정화 반응 효율을 최대화 하기 위한 최적 수분 조건을 부여하기 위하여 고액 분리한다. 가축 축혈의 수분 함량 정도에 따라 비교적 수분을 다량(90% 이상)으로 함유하고 있는 것은 고액분리 과정을 거쳐 고액을 분리하고 고형분이 제거된 액상분은 액비화를 위한 저장조로 투입된다.Since the water content of the object to be treated is an important factor in determining the stabilization reaction efficiency, the solid-liquid separation is performed to give an optimum moisture condition for maximizing the stabilization reaction efficiency. Depending on the amount of moisture in the animal blood accumulation, the relatively large amount (more than 90%) of the water is separated through the solid-liquid separation process, the solid liquid is removed, the liquid is removed into the storage tank for liquid liquefaction.
수분 함량이 적당한 경우는 고액 분리기에서 분리된 고형분과 함께 안정화 반응기에 투입되어 안정화 처리가 이루어 진다.If the moisture content is appropriate, it is added to the stabilization reactor with the solids separated in the solid-liquid separator to perform the stabilization treatment.
안정화 반응공정은 교반과 숙성으로 이루어져 있다.The stabilization reaction process consists of stirring and aging.
안정화 처리는 가축 축혈의 환경 정화에 대한 제반 역기능을 정지 또는 완화 시키는 것으로 악취를 제거하고 기생충 및 병원균을 사멸 시키며 토양 환원시에 서서히 분해가 일어나 토양에 이롭게 작용해야 한다. 안정화 처리 공정은 고형분과 함께 산화 칼슘(생석회 분말)을 주성분으로 한 첨가제를 투입(5 ∼ 10%)하여 반응기에서 5분 정도 반응시켜 배출시킨다. 반응과정에서 산화 칼슘의 반응온도가 80 ∼ 90℃로 유지되고 함수율이 45%로 낮아지게 되며 악취가 4 ∼ 5도를 유지하게된다.Stabilization treatment stops or mitigates all adverse effects on the environmental cleanup of livestock blood, removing odors, killing parasites and pathogens, and degrading slowly during soil reduction to benefit the soil. In the stabilization process, an additive based on calcium oxide (quick lime powder) as a main component is added (5 to 10%) and reacted in a reactor for about 5 minutes to be discharged. In the course of the reaction, the reaction temperature of calcium oxide is maintained at 80 ~ 90 ℃, the moisture content is lowered to 45% and the odor is maintained at 4 to 5 degrees.
반응기에서의 반응은 첨가물에 의한 유기물의 코팅작업이며 이를 위해서 유기물과 첨가물이 미립자 상태에서 완전한 혼합이 이루어져야 한다. 반응기 내에는 혼합 효율을 최대한 높일수 있는 교반기가 설치되어, 가동시에는 회전하며 반응물을 상호 교차시켜 유기물과 첨가제를 혼합한다.The reaction in the reactor is the coating of organics with additives. For this purpose, the organics and additives must be thoroughly mixed in the particulate state. In the reactor, a stirrer is installed to increase the mixing efficiency as much as possible. In operation, the stirrer rotates to cross the reactants to mix the organics and the additives.
반응기에서 배출된 처리물은 수산화염과 중탄산염으로 코팅되어 있으며, 건조가 진행되면 공기중의 이산화탄소와 결합하여 탄산염으로 변화하게 되고 아울러 탈수와 건조가 촉진된다.The treated product discharged from the reactor is coated with hydroxide and bicarbonate, and when the drying proceeds, it is combined with carbon dioxide in the air to be converted into carbonate and promotes dehydration and drying.
반응기에서 배출된 처리물은 밀폐형 숙성조에서 2 ∼ 3일 정도 보관되며 이때 내부온도는 60 ∼ 70℃로 유지되고 고온 호기성 미생물에 의한 발효가 진행된다. 또한 발효과정에서 함수율이 40%로 낮아지고 악취가 3 ∼ 4도 정도 낮아진다.The treated product discharged from the reactor is stored in a closed aging tank for 2 to 3 days, at which time the internal temperature is maintained at 60 to 70 ° C. and fermentation by high temperature aerobic microorganisms proceeds. In addition, during the fermentation process, the water content is lowered to 40% and the odor is lowered by 3 to 4 degrees.
숙성조에서 배출된 처리물은 로타리식 건조기로 뒤집음과 동시에 전진시키면서 건조가 진행된다. 건조기간은 약 4일 내지 10일에서 20일 정도이고 건조기의 내부온도는 약 30 ∼ 40℃ 로 유지되며 호기성 상태로 유지된다. 건조과정에서 악취가 1 ∼ 2도 이하로 되고 함수율이 25% 대로 낮아진다.The treatment discharged from the aging tank is inverted and rotated forward with a rotary dryer. Drying period is about 4 to 10 to 20 days, the internal temperature of the dryer is maintained at about 30 ~ 40 ℃ and maintained in aerobic state. Odor becomes less than 1-2 degrees in the drying process and the water content is lowered to 25%.
본 발명 안정화 반응의 이론적 배경은 다음과 같다.The theoretical background of the stabilization reaction of the present invention is as follows.
먼저 반응기 내에서의 반응식은First, the reaction formula in the reactor
이다. to be.
첨가제인 산화 칼슘은 반응기 내에서 순식간에 수산화 칼슘과 중탄산 칼슘의 미립자로 되며 동시에 많은 열을 발생한다. 발생되는 열은 유기물을 활성화 하여 칼슘과의 화합물 생성을 촉진하고 악취의 주요 성분을 분해하여 그 성분의 일부를 칼슘과의 화합물을 만들고 수분을 증발하고 열에 약한 병원균의 세력을 약화 또는 사멸시킨다.The additive calcium oxide quickly becomes a fine particle of calcium hydroxide and calcium bicarbonate in the reactor and generates a lot of heat at the same time. The generated heat activates organic matter, promotes compound formation with calcium, decomposes the main components of odors, makes some of those compounds with calcium, evaporates water, and weakens or kills the forces of pathogens that are weak to heat.
반응직후 수산화 칼슘과 중탄산 칼슘이 해리하여 PH가 12 ∼ 13까지 증가하여 처리물은 강알칼리성이 된다. 알칼리는 충란 및 병원균을 사멸시키며 자연 건조시에도 파리, 모기 등이 접근하지 않아 위생적 안정화를 이룬다.Immediately after the reaction, calcium hydroxide and calcium bicarbonate dissociate to increase the pH to 12-13, resulting in a strong alkali. Alkali kills eggs and pathogens, and does not approach flies, mosquitoes, etc., even during natural drying, resulting in hygienic stabilization.
또한 건조공정 중에 일어나는 반응식은In addition, the reaction equation occurring during the drying process
이다. to be.
반응이 끝난 처리물은 반응기에서 배출되면 공기중의 이산화탄소와 반응하여 탄산 칼슘이 생성되고 중탄산칼슘 역시 건조과정에서 물이 빠져나와 탄산칼슘으로 변한다. 반응기 내에서 강알칼리 상태를 나타낸 처리물은 건조공정이 진행되면서 수산화 칼슘과 중탄산 칼슘이 소비되어 중성 또는 약 알칼리 상태로 PH가 떨어진다.After the reaction, the treated product is discharged from the reactor and reacts with carbon dioxide in the air to produce calcium carbonate, and calcium bicarbonate also turns out to be calcium carbonate when water is released during drying. Treatments exhibiting a strong alkali state in the reactor consumes calcium hydroxide and calcium bicarbonate as the drying process proceeds, and the pH falls to a neutral or weak alkali state.
또한 처리물을 토양에 살포하면 중탄산 칼슘이 생성되고 이것이 해리하여 약 알칼리 상태가 되어 산성토양을 중화시키며 이의 반응식은In addition, spraying the treated material on the soil produces calcium bicarbonate, which dissociates into a weak alkaline state, neutralizing acid soils.
이다. to be.
또한 반응과정에서 유기성 폐기물 내의 악취 유발물질이 첨가제와 결합하여 칼슘화합물을 생성함으로써 악취물질의 배출이 억제된다. 이의 반응식은In addition, odor causing substances in organic wastes are combined with additives to form calcium compounds in the reaction process, thereby suppressing the emission of odorous substances. Its reaction is
이다. to be.
반응열에 의한 온도의 상승으로 암모니아(), 황화수소(), 및 트리메틸아민()등의 악취 물질을 휘산시키며, 휘산된 악취물질은 이산화 염소()등에 흡착시켜 탈취한다. 악취물질을 화학 반응 및 건조기간에 휘산시킴으로써 처리물이 토양에 살포되었을대 유해가스로 인한 작물 장해를 사전에 방지하는 효과가 있다. 또한 반응기에서 슬러리 상태의 처리물이 고화되면서 악취물질을 포획하고미립자의 작은 공극에 악취물질이 흡착되어 휘산이 억제된다.As the temperature rises due to the reaction heat, ), Hydrogen sulfide ( ), And trimethylamine ( Odorous substances such as) and volatilized odorous substances are chlorine dioxide ( And deodorize by adsorbing). Volatilization of odorous substances during chemical reactions and drying periods has the effect of preventing crop disturbances caused by harmful gases when the treated materials are applied to the soil. In addition, the slurries in the reactor solidify and capture odorous substances. Odor substances are adsorbed into the small pores of the fine particles to suppress volatilization.
본 발명의 축혈은 고액 분리시설을 거쳐 액상분을 제외한 상태이며 고액분리 공정을 거치지 않아도 안정화 처리의 한계인 60 ∼ 90%의 범위에 들어 있으면 반응기 에서의 반응엔 무리가 없다.The bleeding blood of the present invention is a state excluding the liquid component through the solid-liquid separation facility, even if the solid-liquid separation process is in the range of 60 to 90% of the limit of the stabilization treatment, there is no problem in the reaction in the reactor.
반응기의 처리 직후 수분 함량 감소를 보이는 것은 반응열에 의한 수분 증발에 기인한다. 안정화 처리후 처리물은 건조가 양호하게 진행되어 4일 뒤에는 수분 함량이 10% 정도까지 떨어진다. 또한 미량의 성분(S, Mg, Na, SiO2, Fe, CT, Cu, Mn, Zn, B)인 무기이온은 토양사용 허용기준치를 만족하고 있으므로 토양에 시비되었을 때 미량성분으로 작용하여 작물 생육에 좋은 효과를 줄수 있다.The decrease in moisture content immediately after treatment of the reactor is due to evaporation of moisture by the heat of reaction. After stabilization treatment, the treatment proceeds well and after 4 days the water content drops to about 10%. In addition, inorganic ions, which are trace components (S, Mg, Na, SiO 2 , Fe, CT, Cu, Mn, Zn, B), satisfy the soil use limit, so when they are fertilized in soil, they grow as crops. It can have a good effect.
미량성분중 S는 처리후 경과시간에 따라 현저히 감소하며 이는 안정화 반응중이나 건조과정에서 H2S등의 황화합물이 휘산되어 제거되기 때문이다.S in trace component decreases significantly with elapsed time after treatment because sulfur compounds such as H 2 S are volatilized and removed during stabilization reaction and drying process.
중금속(Cr, Ni, Cd, Pb, Hg, As)은 거의 검출되지 않거나 일부 검출된 부분도 규제기준을 만족하는 범위내의 미량으로 토양사용에 문제가 없으며 오히려 처리물의 PH가 8 ∼ 9정도의 알칼리 상태를 유지하고 유기물 농도가 높아서 토양에 시비되었을때는 작물의 중금속 흡수를 저해하는 방향으로 토양환경을 조성한다.Heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Cd, Pb, Hg, As) are rarely detected or even some of the detected parts are within the range that satisfies the regulatory standards. When it is fertilized by soil because of its high organic concentration, it maintains the soil environment in the direction of inhibiting the heavy metal absorption of crops.
또한 안정화 처리직후 암모니아(NH3)의 농도는 처리전의 수백배 까지 증가하여 휘산되며, 건조가 진행됨에 따라 차츰 감소하여 4일뒤에는 초기 악취인 46.8PPM 보다 훨씬 낮아진다.In addition, the concentration of ammonia (NH 3 ) immediately after stabilization treatment is increased to several hundred times before volatilization, and gradually decreases as the drying proceeds, after 4 days it is much lower than the initial odor 46.8PPM.
또한 축혈의 처리전 PH가 7 ∼ 8 정도에서 안정화 처리직후 PH가 11.6 ∼ 12.1의 강 알칼리상태가 되어 알칼리에 의한 위생적 안정화가 이루어지며, 경과시간에 따라 PH값은 차츰 감소하여 4일 경과후 PH 8.5정도까지 떨어진다. 첨가제의 증가에 따라 PH가 약간 증가하는 경향을 보이고 있으나 첨가제의 양이 일정량을 초과하게 되면 더 이상의 PH 상승에는 영향을 줄수 없다.In addition, after the stabilization treatment before the blood accumulation, the pH was about 7-8, and the pH became strong alkali state of 11.6-12.1, and hygienic stabilization was achieved by alkali, and the pH value gradually decreased according to the elapsed time. It falls to about 8.5. The pH tends to increase slightly with the increase of the additive, but if the amount of the additive exceeds a certain amount, the PH cannot be increased any more.
본 발명은 안정화 처리시 발생하는 열과 알칼리 등에 의해 비교적 분해가 쉬운 유기물과 악취물질 등이 휘산 제거되어 유기물의 농도가 조금 감소하고 그후에는 유기물의 함량은 일정해 진다.In the present invention, organic matters and odorous substances which are relatively easy to decompose due to heat and alkali generated during stabilization treatment are volatilized off, so that the concentration of organic matters is slightly reduced, and then the content of organic matters becomes constant.
T-N은 처리 직후 농도가 감소하고 그후로는 일정하게 유지(약 2% 정도)되며 T-N 농도가 감소하는 것은 질소 화합물의 생성에 기인한다. 또한 P2Or은 처리직후에 농도가 감소하나 2 ∼ 4일 뒤에는 투입 원료함량이상으로 높아져 첨가제의 첨가율에 상관없이 4% 이상의 높은 함량이 유지된다.The concentration of TN decreases immediately after treatment and remains constant thereafter (about 2%) and the decrease in TN concentration is due to the production of nitrogen compounds. In addition, the concentration of P 2 Or decreases immediately after treatment, but after 2 to 4 days, the content of the input raw material is increased to maintain a high content of 4% or more regardless of the addition rate of the additive.
K2O는 처리전 4% 이상 수준에서 처리후 시간이 경과함에 따라 점차 감소하여 2.5 ∼ 3% 수준으로 유지된다. 또한 N.P.K 비료성분의 합은 4일 경과후 10% 내외로서 혼합 유기질 비료기준인 7%를 훨씬 상회한다. 그리고 첨가제의 주성분인 CaO는 안정화 반응 중에 살균 및 살충을 가능하게 하는 PH 상승의 원인 물질로 위생적 안정화에 기여하고 처리물의 안정상태를 지속적으로 유지하는데 중요한 역할을 하며 처리전 1% 정도의 낮은 함량에서 첨가제의 증가에 따라 함량이 증가되어 10% 이상 수준을 유지한다.K 2 O gradually decreases with time after treatment at the level of 4% or more before treatment, and is maintained at the level of 2.5-3%. In addition, the sum of NPK fertilizer components is about 10% after 4 days, far exceeding 7% of the mixed organic fertilizer standard. In addition, CaO, the main component of the additive, is a causative agent of pH increase that enables sterilization and insecticide during stabilization reactions, and plays an important role in contributing to hygiene stabilization and maintaining a stable state of the treatment. As the additive increases, the content increases to maintain the level above 10%.
안정화 처리시 암모니아가 다량으로 휘산되는 것은 갑작스런 PH 증가에 그 원인이 있으며, 이러한 암모니아를 포함한 악취물질의 사전 휘산으로 처리물의 토양환원시 유해가스 발생으로 인한 작물장해를 방지할수 있다.Large amounts of ammonia volatilized during stabilization can be attributed to a sudden increase in pH, and pre-volatization of odorous substances, including ammonia, can prevent crop damage due to the generation of harmful gases during soil reduction.
안정화 처리시 황화수소(H2S)는 처리후 농도의 증가없이 경과시간에 따라 휘산되는 양이 급격히 감소하여 처리 4시간 뒤에는 처리전의 10% 이하 수준으로 낮아진다. 안정화 처리후 휘산되는 황화수소의 농도가 별로 높아지지 않으나 이화학적 성분 실험에서 T - S의 농도가 처리후에 현저히 감소현상을 보인 점을 비추어 볼 때 황화수소 이외의 유황화합물이 악취 물질로 휘산되고 있음을 알수 있다.During stabilization, hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) is rapidly reduced in volatilization according to elapsed time without increasing concentration after treatment, and is lowered to 10% or less after treatment four hours later. Although the concentration of hydrogen sulfide volatilized after stabilization treatment is not very high, it can be seen that sulfur compounds other than hydrogen sulfide are volatilized as odorous substances in the physicochemical experiments that the concentration of T-S decreased significantly after treatment. have.
또한 안정화 처리 4일 경과후 90 ∼ 98%의 살균효과를 나타낸다. 첨가물의 첨가량에 따른 살균효과의 뚜렷한 상승은 발견할수 없으며 이는 첨가제의 양이 일정 수준이 되면 PH가 충분히 증가하기 때문이다. 대장균은 안정화 처리 4일 경과후 93 ∼ 99%의 살균효과를 나타냈으며, 안정화 처리전후 및 경과 시간에 따른 처리물에 대해 살모넬라(Salmonella), 쉬겔라(Shigella)등의 장내 병원성 세균을 시험하였으나 검출되지 않아 살충효율이 100% 였고, 처리전 시료에서는 기생충란이 검출되었으나 처리 후에는 검출되지 않아 살충효율이 100% 였다.In addition, after 4 days of stabilization treatment, it exhibits a sterilizing effect of 90 to 98%. There is no clear increase in the bactericidal effect depending on the amount of additive added, since the pH is sufficiently increased when the amount of the additive is at a certain level. E. coli showed a bactericidal effect of 93 to 99% after 4 days of stabilization treatment.Intestinal pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella and Shigella were detected for the treatments before and after stabilization treatment and time elapsed. The insecticidal efficiency was 100%, and parasite eggs were detected in the sample before treatment, but the insecticidal efficiency was 100% after the treatment.
상기한 바와 같이 본 발명의 처리방법에 따르면 축혈의 악취성분이 제거되고 각종 세균이 제거되며 비료성분이 높게 나타난다. 따라서 처리물을 첨가한 상토를 사용할 경우 퇴비 사용시보다 산도교정능력 및 약분 교정능력이 현저하게 좋아진다. 퇴비와 같이 다량 사용할 경우(1 : 8 초과)상토의 PH가 지나치게 높아져 작물발아 및 생육을 저해할 우려가 있으므로 작물의 토양에 따라 적절히 조절 사용하여야 한다. 그리고 사용량은 소석회 직접 사용량의 6배 정도가 적당하며 부족된 유기물 및 양분은 다른 유기물질로 보충하는 것이 바람직 하다.As described above, according to the treatment method of the present invention, the odor component of the blood is removed, various bacteria are removed, and the fertilizer component is high. Therefore, when the treated soil is added, the acidity correction ability and the chemical correction ability are remarkably improved than when the compost is used. When used in large quantities such as compost (greater than 1: 8), the soil pH may be too high to inhibit crop germination and growth. In addition, the amount of use is preferably about 6 times the amount of direct use of slaked lime, and it is preferable to supplement the shortage of organic substances and nutrients with other organic substances.
또한 화학비료의 사용량외에 처리물을 추가로 사용할 경우 수량이 증가하고 토양PH가 상승하며 토양중 비료성분 함량이 증가하였다. 상치의 경우 처리물의 사용량을 증가할수록 증수되는 경향이나, 질소질 화학비료의 1/3을 처리물로 대체할 경우 수량은 감소하였다. 배추의 경우 질소질 화학 비료의 1/3을 처리물로 대체하여 연용하였을 때 수량은 증수하였으며 이는 전작에서 이용하지 못한 비료성분이 후작에서 이용되었기 때문이다. 본 발명의 안정화 처리물은 토양 사용시 토양의 PH를 상승시키고 유기물, 전질소, 유효인산 및 치환성 양이온의 함량을 높일수 있어 산성 토양등의 토양개량제 및 유기질 비료로서의 가치가 높은 등의 효과가 있다.In addition, in addition to the use of chemical fertilizers, additional treatments increased yields, increased soil PH, and increased fertilizer content in the soil. In the case of lettuce, the tendency to increase as the amount of treatment was increased, but the yield decreased when one third of the nitrogenous fertilizer was replaced with the treatment. In the case of Chinese cabbage, the yield was increased when 1/3 of the nitrogenous chemical fertilizer was replaced with the treated product, because the fertilizer ingredient that was not used in the previous work was used in the marquise. Stabilized processed material of the present invention can increase the pH of the soil when using the soil and increase the content of organic matter, total nitrogen, effective phosphoric acid and substitution cations, and has the effect of high value as a soil improving agent and organic fertilizer such as acidic soil.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100330789B1 (en) * | 1999-10-02 | 2002-04-01 | 심연숙 | Tablet-typed by-products compost and method for producing the same |
| KR20020035525A (en) * | 2002-04-08 | 2002-05-11 | 이비파 | The methods of induction of susceptibility of the pesticides for reducing of insects immunity |
| KR20030034630A (en) * | 2001-10-26 | 2003-05-09 | 정석원 | Manufacturing method of organic fertilizer using domestic animals blood |
| KR20040025807A (en) * | 2002-09-17 | 2004-03-26 | 유용숙 | Method for manufacturing of lime treatment fertilizer |
| KR100532213B1 (en) * | 2002-12-05 | 2005-11-29 | (주)리치소일 | Manufacture method of organic matter manure |
| WO2024035216A1 (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2024-02-15 | 농업회사법인 주식회사 팜이노베이션 | Method for preparing solid vertebrate blood fertilizer containing organic matter |
| WO2024035211A1 (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2024-02-15 | 농업회사법인 주식회사 팜이노베이션 | Solid vertebrate livestock blood fertilizer comprising organic matter |
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| JPS56158188A (en) * | 1980-05-09 | 1981-12-05 | Hitachi Plant Eng & Constr Co Ltd | Treatment of waste water of slaughter house |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100330789B1 (en) * | 1999-10-02 | 2002-04-01 | 심연숙 | Tablet-typed by-products compost and method for producing the same |
| KR20030034630A (en) * | 2001-10-26 | 2003-05-09 | 정석원 | Manufacturing method of organic fertilizer using domestic animals blood |
| KR20020035525A (en) * | 2002-04-08 | 2002-05-11 | 이비파 | The methods of induction of susceptibility of the pesticides for reducing of insects immunity |
| KR20040025807A (en) * | 2002-09-17 | 2004-03-26 | 유용숙 | Method for manufacturing of lime treatment fertilizer |
| KR100532213B1 (en) * | 2002-12-05 | 2005-11-29 | (주)리치소일 | Manufacture method of organic matter manure |
| WO2024035216A1 (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2024-02-15 | 농업회사법인 주식회사 팜이노베이션 | Method for preparing solid vertebrate blood fertilizer containing organic matter |
| WO2024035211A1 (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2024-02-15 | 농업회사법인 주식회사 팜이노베이션 | Solid vertebrate livestock blood fertilizer comprising organic matter |
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