WO2008125739A1

WO2008125739A1 - Aerobic biodegradation accelerant

Info

Publication number: WO2008125739A1
Application number: PCT/FI2008/050197
Authority: WO
Inventors: Pekka Pohjola
Original assignee: Pekka Pohjola
Priority date: 2007-04-17
Filing date: 2008-04-17
Publication date: 2008-10-23
Also published as: FI20070298A0

Abstract

The invention relates to an aerobic biodegradation accelerant. The invention also relates to a manufacturing method and uses of the accelerant. The accelerant contains : - a compound meant for adjusting and/or buffering the pH value, - a mineral carrier substance, - a substance promoting microbial cell respiration and redox activity in aerobic biodegradation, such as an iron compound or a manganese compound, - a trace element, - iron and/or manganese, - ammonium and/or phosphate, - a carbohydrate or a derivative thereof. The accelerant is used for binding ammonia and/or phosphorus in organic material. The accelerant is also used in composting, aerobic stabilizing, deodorization, or in the treatment of sewage, slurries, animal beddings or lavatory waste, or for promoting the biodegradation of logging waste or plant waste both in the nature and in cultivated areas.

Description

Aerobic biodegradation accelerant

Description of the prior art

The invention relates to an aerobic biodegradation accelerant. The invention also relates to the manufacturing method of this type of accelerant, and to the use thereof.

Aerobic biodegradation is suited for the treatment of many types of organic materials, such as organic waste, municipal slurry, manures and lavatory waste, plant waste and contaminated land masses. By means of composting, waste material can be made harmless for the environment and usable as fertilizer for crop husbandry and for soil improvement. In composting, nutrients are converted to a form suitable for plants, and the majority of the carbon contained in the waste is bound in the humus, so that the atmosphere-burdening effect of the process is remarkably smaller than for example in combustion. The methane, ammonia and nitrous oxide emissions of organic waste can be remarkably reduced, if biodegradation can be carried out in a controlled and balanced way.

In a biodegradation process, there are needed several different substances and compounds. The basic requirements of a composting process are fresh organic matter, water, oxygen and minerals. In the nature, the minerals needed for the degradation process are contained in the mineral soil, but in a compost system the quantity of organic matter is often excessive, in which case the lack of minerals can become a restricting factor with respect to effective biodegradation. For optimizing the biodegradation process, it is often necessary also to add nutrients.

The microbial activity in the system depends on many factors, for instance on the mass structure, its chemical composition, moisture, pH, air intake and temperature. In uncontrolled conditions, biodegradation can cause problems. One of the biggest problems is generally considered to be the smell. The material to be composted is often smelly, and inefficient biodegradation can increase the smell.

Nitrogen escapes from nitrogenous material as ammonia. Uncontrolled composting can also result in hygiene risks, and the end product can be useless and even toxic for plants. General description of the invention

We have now invented an aerobic biodegradation accelerant, by means of which aerobic biodegradation is carried out in a particularly controlled and effective fashion even in demanding conditions. Another particular advantage of the invention is that by means of the accelerant, aerobic biodegradation is carried out particularly odorlessly.

In order to achieve this aim, the invention is characterized by features that are enlisted in the independent claims. The rest of the claims set forth certain preferred embodiments of the invention.

It was surprisingly found out that aerobic biodegradation can be essentially boosted, if the accelerant contains at least one or more compounds meant for adjusting and/of buffering the pH value, as well as an agent boosting the microbial cell respiration and redox activity in the aerobic biodegradation.

As the compound meant for adjusting and/or buffering the pH value, there can be used buffers and organic acids, such as gluconic acid, lactic acid or citric acid, or for example acidic mineral substances created in the metal industry, such as acidic by-products of metallurgy.

As the pH adjusting agent in alkaline targets, for example lactose functions as such through acidic processes.

A compound meant for the adjusting and/or buffering pH values in alkaline conditions can be for example a buffering agent that is selected from the following group:

- sodium gluconate + acidic metallurgical by-product

- sodium gluconate + glucono-deltalactone - sodium gluconate + sulfur-acidic ferrous sulphate

- lactose + lactic acid

- sodium gluconate + citric acid

In acidic conditions, there are advantageously used for example the following compounds meant for adjusting and/or buffering pH values: - dolomitic lime

- lime

- ash

- magnesium oxide The acidicity or alkalinity of a material slows down biodegradation, because the optimum activity range of microbes with respect to pH is restricted. For instance the acidity of organic waste (pH about 4) or the alkalinity of manure (pH 8) slow down the starting of the biodegradation process. Organic fatty acids created in biodegradation slow down the process, create bad odor and make the compost toxic for plants. In an alkaline, nitrogenous compost, there is easily created a situation resembling an ammonium buffer, which effectively resists the reduction of the pH value down to a range that is favorable for microbes. In an alkaline state, ammonium nitrogen is volatilized in the air as ammonia. The pH situation can be corrected by neutralizing agents, buffer systems or indirectly by controlling the process towards an internal acidic or alkaline synthesis.

When necessary, unfavorable pH conditions can be adjusted by acidic or alkaline buffers, or by agents generating such reaction products.

Agents promoting microbial cell respiration and redox activity make microbial activity and growth more effective and versatile. Especially effectively they improve biodegradation in a system that simultaneously includes a compound meant for adjusting and/or buffering the pH value. Advantageously the respective agents and compounds are selected so that they affect both pH adjusting and/or buffering and cell respiration and redox activity. The selection of the employed agents depends on the material to be treated.

According to an object of the invention, the agent for promoting microbial cell respiration and redox activity in biologic degradation is an iron compound, such as FeSO₄, and/or a manganese compound, such as MnO2 or MnSO4.

According to an object of the invention, the accelerant contains iron and/or manganese. Iron and manganese participate actively in the redox phenomena of the biodegradation process and promote microbial cell respiration and humus catalysis. Iron reduces smell, and advantageously also prevents the corrosion of the composting equipment.

According to an object of the invention, the accelerant contains mineral carrier substance that functions as the base and carrier of the blend, and it also has surface catalytic effects, ion exchange effects and molecular sieve effects. Preferably the mineral carrier substance is a natural or synthetic silicate, such as silica, feldspar, zeolite, bentonite or kaoline. The mineral carrier substance can be directly obtained from the nature, or created as a by-product from industrial activity, or it can be a synthetic substance, for example a precipitate obtained by precipitation. Advantageously the mineral carrier substance is a finely divided substance, in which case there is obtained a large carrier surface area per volume.

Additional energy in the biodegradation system is obtained from carbohydrates, and for example from ammonium compounds and phosphoric compounds. It was found out that this raises the composting temperature significantly.

According to an object of the invention, the accelerant contains carbohydrate or a derivative thereof, preferably lactose, glucono-deltalactone and/or sodium gluconate. These bring additional energy to the compost system, so that the temperatures required by hygienization and effective biodegradation are reached.

According to an object of the invention, the accelerant contains ammonium and/or phosphate. Ammonium and phosphate function as start-up nutrients for microbial activity and promote the growth of the microbe strain in the beginning of the composting process.

According to an object of the invention, the accelerant is a trace element, such as zinc, copper, cobalt and/or molybdenum. Zinc, copper, cobalt and molybdenum are important trace elements for microbes, and by means of them, the process is made more effective and versatile.

Trace elements function for instance as enzyme activators.

A particularly effective accelerant contains: compound meant for adjusting and/or buffering the pH value, substance promoting microbial cell respiration and redox activity in aerobic biodegradation, mineral carrier substance, - trace element, carbohydrate or a derivative thereof, ammonium and/or phosphate, iron and/or manganese.

Tables 5 and 6 illustrate the ranges of fluctuation and advantageous contents and shares of these compounds and substances.

Ammonia, which is often released from high-nitrogen manures at a high pH value, is a remarkable drawback for the well-being of animals, and it may even result in toxicity. From the point of view of nutrient economy, it is a waste to allow nitrogen to be volatilized as ammonia gas, not to mention the hazards caused by it for the atmosphere. High pH values are often measured for instance from horse and broiler chicken manure heaps, and the smell of ammonia is extremely strong. Ammonia interrupts biodegradation, and mineralization does not proceed, even if the heap is matured for months. At a pH value 8, about 5% of the ammonium nitrogen is in ammonia form, and at a pH value 8.5 more than 20% of the ammonium nitrogen is in ammonia form, but at pH 9, the ratio already approaches 80 percentages for the advantage of ammonia. When the pH scale is logarithmic, even small changes have remarkable effects. Apart from lowering the pH value, known methods for reducing losses are adding easily soluble carbonaceous substances to the source material, or absorbing ammonia to substances that are capable of binding ammonium ions or ammonia.

In the active phase of biodegradation, the microbe mass binds nitrogen, but also the quantity of free ammonium nitrogen increases. When the most active phase of biodegradation is over, the oxidation of nitrogen into nitrate is started, and it takes place through an intermediate nitrite phase. In nitrogen refining, three different active organisms must be present simultaneously. The condition requirements of nitrite-producing nitrosomonas bacterial strains, as well as the condition requirements of nitrate-producing nitrobacter strains, are remarkably stricter than those of ammonificating bacteria, and therefore ammonium is easily cumulated in the system, if the process cannot proceed. In certain conditions, nitrite contents can also rise high, if further oxidation is prevented. Nitrification is slow, if the temperature is below 5 or over 40 degrees. The optimum pH value is within the range 6.6-8.0.

For plants, the best form of nitrogen is nitrate form (start-up nitrogen), because the microbes start competing of ammonium nitrogen and organic nitrogen, especially if a persistent carbon source is available. Therefore for instance raw sawdusty horse manure is not suitable as a fertilizer. Composting improves the fertilizing value of the manure, as it turns ammonium nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen. However, nitrogen can escape, apart from being volatilized as ammonia, also as nitrate from a mature compost along the leachate, because the anion is more soluble than the ammonium cation.

Phosphorus is a necessary nutrient for plants, but its escaping from fields to natural water systems is considered as a threat. From the point of view of plants, it is preferable that phosphorus is in solvent form as much as possible. The binding of phosphorus can be performed chemically, but its further releasing may become a problem. In biodegradation, the microbial energy production, i.e. cell respiration, is carried out through oxidative phosphorylation, where phosphorus and iron are needed. Like nitrogen, also phosphorus is bound in the microbe growth in biodegradation and turns into a more and more inorganic form along with the maturing of the compost. In the active stage of composting, about 85% of the phosphorus can be in organic form. Of the phosphorus contained in the microbial mass, a large quantity is in nucleic acids, thus corresponding for even half of the organic phosphorus. Microbes are capable of releasing phosphorus also from non- soluble inorganic sources, and for instance ammonia-oxidizing bacteria also affect the mobilization of phosphorus. It is found out that the mineralization of nitrogen correlates with the mineralization of phosphorus. The development of a stabile humus structure is connected to a balance (C:N:P = about 100:10:1 ). From the point of view of the practical use of the compost, it is important that that the balance has proceeded as far as possible, and that the humus structure and the state of nutrients is in a form that is usable for the plants.

The blend ingredients are advantageously selected so that there can be made an easily usable and storage-resistant pulverous or granular product.

The mineral substances added in the organic material function as surface catalysts, participate in the electron exchange, bind water molecules and many for instance smell-generating organic molecules, serve as molecular sieves on the nanoscale and may offer active operation environments and substrates for microbes. As a system, a compost can be biased to be so anionic, that the lack of balancing metal cations produces for instance smelly compounds and causes a powerful corrosion in the structures. In microbe cells and in the whole compost system, metals have many tasks, for instance in cell respiration, as enzyme activators, in redox processes (as yielders and receivers of electrons), as nitrate catalysts, stabilizers and humus catalysts. In crop husbandry, compost minerals can be utilized by the plants, and are further transferred to animals and humans using the crops.

The addition of an easily soluble nitrogen source and/or carbon source at the beginning of the composting can be a triggering factor for the start-up of the process. When a sufficient microbe strain is formed, the process continues through a natural, material-splitting enzyme production. The energy sources also raise the temperature, so that a thermophilic microbe growth is more easily obtained in the compost, the mass is hygienized, weed seeds and larvae of pest insects are destroyed, and the rate of degradation increases.

According to an object of the invention, the amount of accelerant added in organic material is 0.2-5 percentages by weight, advantageously 0.5-2 percentages by weight. The quantity of substance to be added depends on the material to be treated, as well as on its pH value and buffering demand. The accelerant can be customized, even precisely, according to the material under treatment.

According to an object of the invention, the accelerant is used in composting, aerobic stabilizing, deodorization and/or in the treatment of sewage, slurries, animal beddings or lavatory waste, and for promoting the biodegradation of logging waste or plant waste in the nature and in cultivated areas.

Another special advantage of the invention is that by means of a biodegradation accelerant, aerobic biodegradation is carried out particularly odorlessly, because smell-generating compounds are not created, or they are bound or split especially effectively during the treatment.

Detailed description of the invention

In the description below, certain applications of the invention are explained in more detail with reference to the appended examples. Exemplary compostings were carried out in heat-insulated 10-50 I Biodeg Compomate compostors.

Example 1 (Figure 1 ) illustrates a horse manure compost, in which there are added components in groups.

Example 2 (Figure 2) illustrates a bovine manure compost.

Example 3 (Figure 3) illustrates the effect of the accelerant on the pH conditions.

Example 4 (Figures 4A and 4B) illustrate nitrification in manure composts.

Example 5 (Figure 5) illustrates the solubility of phosphorus in bovine manure.

Example 6 (Table 4, Figures) illustrates other examples.

Example 7 (Table 1 ) illustrates the results from treating pig slurry.

Table 2 illustrates the composition of the accelerant blend used in the composting of manure and sewage slurry. Table 3 illustrates the composition of the accelerant blend used in the composting of organic waste.

Table 4 illustrates an accelerant for alkaline and acidic materials in certain exemplary cases.

Table 5 illustrates an accelerant for alkaline materials.

Table 6 illustrates an accelerant for acidic materials.

Example 1. Horse manure composts, in which components are added in groups

Horse manure, where conifer sawdust was used as litter, was composted in six Compomate compostors. Accelerant components were added in the compostors in groups. The temperature curves describing the microbiological activity in the compostors are illustrated in Figure 1.

According to Figure 1 , each ingredient group effective in the accelerant raised the composting temperature. The lowest curve is measured from a compost containing only horse manure (1 ). In the next, there were added the carrier minerals belonging to the accelerant blend, and the iron and manganese serving as the inorganic ingredients as sulfates (2). In the third compost, there are also contained the trace elements copper and cobalt (3), in the next ammonium and phosphate (4). A remarkable raise in the temperature is achieved when the accelerant also contains organic carbon compound (5). When the accelerant composition is complete, including lactose and glucono-deltalactone that perform the pH buffering, the microbe activity is at its best (6). In each test, the added quantity of substances was 1 percentage by weight, including the carrier substance and the substance group to be tested. The share of the carrier substance was changed according to the quantity of the substance groups to be tested.

Example 2. Temperature curves in cattle manure composts

Cattle manure was composted in Compomate compostors, with sawdust as blend ingredient (1 :1 volume), and in the second compost, there was added 1 % of accelerant including carrier substance and the substance group to be tested.

Owing to its structure, bovine manure is not easily composted, and for example temperatures that destroy weed seeds are difficult to reach. From the curve of Figure 2 it is observed that a sufficiently high temperature was achieved by means of the accelerant.

Example 3. Effect of the accelerant on pH conditions

Effective composting of manure is slowed down by a pH value that is unfavorably high for microbial activity, which is due to nitrogen compounds, for instance. Figure

3 illustrates the pH values of horse and bovine raw manures, and the situation of manure composts after two and three weeks. From Figure 3, it can be seen that the accelerant has lowered the pH values, in which case biodegradation is improved. The total quantity of added substances in each test was 1 %, including the carrier substance and the substance group to be tested.

The use of an accelerant has an advantageous effect on the pH situation. When pH<8, biodegradation is promoted, and the escaping of nitrogen as ammonia is prevented.

Example 4. Nitrification in manure composts

The turning of ammonium nitrogen in the compost to nitrate nitrogen improves the fertilizing effect and reduces phytotoxic (harmful for plants) effects. Particularly the treatment of horse manure is necessary, because a raw blend binds nitrogen from the field, and the fertilizing effect is negative. Nitrification during composting was studied with horse manure (Figure 4A) and with bovine manure (Figure 4B). The total quantity of added substances in each test was 1 percentage by weight, including the carrier substance and the substance group to be tested.

In Figure 4A, the ratios of nitrate and ammonium nitrogen (NO3-N/NH4-N) are, 21 d after composting, 3.92 in a reference compost and 8.26 in the accelerant compost, and the nitrate nitrogen content in the accelerant compost is nearly 20% higher than in the reference compost.

Composting changes the nitrogen state of cattle manure from ammonium nitrogen through organic nitrogen to nitrite nitrogen, and finally nitrate nitrogen. If the pH is high at the beginning of the composting process, ammonium nitrogen escapes as ammonia. From Figure 4B it can be seen that owing to the lower pH value, after 5 days of composting the accelerant compost contains more nitrogen as ammonium nitrogen than in a reference compost. After the active degradation phase, the nitrogen bound in the microbe growth has in the accelerant compost changed mainly to nitrate nitrogen in the course of a month. In a reference compost, the share of nitrate nitrogen is still fairly small.

Example 5. Manipulating the solubility of phosphorus in the manure

In a cattle manure compost, the accelerant can be used for manipulating the phosphorus solubility (Figure 5). The compost minerals, for instance iron, bind phosphorus. From the low columns in Figure 5, it is observed that the quantity of solvent phosphorus remains on a low level, if the accelerant blend does not contain carbohydrates. In the latter case, the organic phosphorus is rendered in a solvent form by the total blend, owing to the effect of carbohydrates. The first column in the Figure describes the quantity of solvent phosphorus in bovine raw manure. The total quantity of added substances in each test was 1%, including the carrier substance and the substance group to be tested.

Example 6. Treatment of pig slurry

Into pig slurry, there was added accelerant blend for 0.5 percentages by weight. The slurry turned black, and the hydrogen sulfidic smell typical of the slurry disappeared. A pale froth was formed on the surface, and after 24 hours the slurry was arranged in two layers, as the precipitate had settled on the bottom, and the surface section was clarified. The liquid and the solids were separated in the slurry. The results from the laboratory analysis are illustrated in Table 1.

Example 7. Other examples

Accelerant for acidic materials

The neutralizing factors effective in the accelerant blend are calcium hydroxide and sodium gluconate. The specific pH of the product itself is about 6, and its effect is seen in the pH immediately after adding.

In the test, there was composted acidic organic waste from a composting plant, and the moisture rate of the compost blend was higher than usual (>70%). The addition of accelerant was about 0.7%.

The effect of the buffering blend is seen in the pH curve throughout the whole composting process. The conditions for microbial activity are remarkably improved, when the pH > 5. Below this, the dissociated organic acids destroy cells. The temperature describes the biologic activity in the compost. The curve shows that the activity is higher owing to the effect of the accelerant.

The total mass loss of the compost during a month was 44% in the reference compost and 54% in the accelerant compost, where the shares of aqueous vapor were 26% and 36% respectively.

The protein decomposition in biowaste is started more rapidly, which is proved by the difference in the contents of ammonium nitrogen. The decomposition of proteins reduces smell.

Composting binds solvent phosphorus in an organic, longer-term storage. On the basis of the curves, the binding in an accelerant compost is nearly twice as effective.

The accelerant was tested for instance with a peat bedding recently removed from a broiler chicken house, said bedding being a fairly challenging material. The bedding was strongly saturated by manure and had a powerful smell. Biodegradation tests were carried out in a composting laboratory (Biodeg Compomate compostors), and the analyses were performed in an analytic laboratory.

A puzzling issue that has often been wondered is why the composting process is interrupted, and why composts can be even harmful for plants. In manures high in nitrogen, the breaking of the "ammonia buffer lock" is one requirement for neutralizing toxicity and for the continuity of biodegradation. At the same time, the volatilization of ammonia is put under control.

In Figure 11 , it can be seen how the pH value of a peat bedding removed from a broiler chicken house rises rapidly over 8 (and the volatilization of ammonia begins). The rise of the pH value can be slowed down by an additive blend. In Figure 12, it is seen from the compost temperature curves loaded in the laboratory that without additives, the temperature of the control compost rises rapidly, but is immediately dropped because of ammonia saturation. The second compost was subjected to an accelerant treatment. The manure smell changed immediately, and from the curve (12) it is seen that owing to the accelerant, the composting process continued for several days.

When the water released from aqueous vapor in biodegradation can be collected from compostors in laboratory tests, according to Figure 13 the total mass loss of composts can be defined in percentages, as well as the share of water contained therein. Other volatile substances are composed of carbon dioxide and for instance ammonia. From the Figure it can be understood that in the control compost, the loss is, in proportion, more due to the escaping of ammonia. This phenomenon is in line with the pH situation. Owing to more effective biodegradation, the accelerant compost lost clearly more weight in a week (18%, whereas the control lost 14%) .

The saturation of mass with ammonia interrupts biodegradation, and the temperature drops without pH control. (In practice, the process proceeds only when the excess ammonia is volatilized.)

Cattle manure

Cattle manure was gathered in a manure heap that was treated with additive. In the test, the additive was scattered in the manure in connection with the emptying of the cart. Under observation, the manure was distinctly darker in color and more odorless in comparison with the control manure, and its nitrate content was over four times as high (2 g/8.2 g/ kg accelerant), which proved that the mineralization of nitrogen had proceeded remarkably faster than the regular rate.

Accelerant was added in a pig slurry tank prior to spreading. As oxygen is released, the slurry bubbles and the smell disappears. At the same time, the glutinous structure of the slurry is broken up. The slurry was spread on fields adjacent to the village center. In interviews it was found out that odor nuisances were almost non-existent, as opposed to a case where untreated slurry was spread.

The accelerant was tested by several horse manure composting tests, one of which was carried out by a so-called tube system. The manure was driven through a mixer cart, and in this step, the additive was added. Already after a month, the sawdust-manure blend was extremely far degradated and black. The results from an analysis carried out after about half a year were as follows: pH 6.3, ammonium 143 mg/kg accelerant, nitrate 4.2 g /kg accelerant and solvent phosphorus 1.2 g /kg accelerant. The results show that the mineralization of nitrogen had proceeded to a nearly stabile phase, and the manure was an excellent fertilizer. (A compost is considered to be mature already when the ratio of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen is > 1.) Table 1. Results from pig slurry analysis

From table 1 it is seen that the pH drops and the ammonium nitrogen is divided between the precipitate and the solution. The phosphorus is mainly contained in the precipitate. Accelerant can be used for treating slurry, in which case the smell can be reduced, and structural changes and changes in the pH and nutrient state can be obtained.

Table 2. Composition of an accelerant blend suitable for the treatment of manure, lavatory waste and sewage slurry

Table 3. Composition of an accelerant blend suitable for composting organic waste

Table 4. Accelerant for alkaline and acidic materials in certain exemplary cases

Accelerant for alkaline materials, pH 4 ( nitrogenous manures and slurries)

Raw material kq/t

Accelerant for acidic materials, pH 6 (Carbohydrate-bearing organic waste)

Raw material kq/t

Table 5. Accelerant for alkaline materials (Nitrogenous manures and slurries)

Accelerant for alkaline materials, pH 4 (Nitrogenous manures and slurries)

Ol

Table 6. Accelerant for acidic materials. PH 6 (Carbohvdrate-bearinα organic waste

Accelerant acidic materials, pH 6 (Carbohydrate-bearing organic waste) σ>

Claims

1. An aerobic biodegradation accelerant for treating organic material, characterized in that the accelerant contains at least: compound meant for adjusting and/or buffering the pH value, - mineral carrier substance, substance promoting microbial cell respiration and redox activity in aerobic biodegradation, trace element, iron and/or manganese, - ammonium and/or phosphate, carbohydrate or a derivative thereof.

2. An accelerant according to claim 1 , characterized in that the compound meant for adjusting and/or buffering the pH value is a buffering agent, preferably a buffering agent that is selected from a group consisting: - sodium gluconate + acidic metallurgical by-product sodium gluconate + glucono-deltalactone sodium gluconate + sulfur-acidic ferrous sulphate lactose + lactic acid sodium gluconate + citric acid.

3. An accelerant according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in biodegradation, the agent promoting microbial cell respiration and redox activity is an iron compound, such as FeSO₄, and/or a manganese compound, such as MnO₂ or MnSO₄.

4. An accelerant according any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mineral carrier substance contained in the accelerant is a natural or synthetic silicate, such as silica, feldspar, zeolite, bentonite or kaoline.

5. An accelerant according any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the trace element contained in the accelerant is zinc, copper, cobalt and/or molybdenum.

6. An accelerant according any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the carbohydrate or its derivative contained in the accelerant is lactose, glucono- deltalactone and/or sodium gluconate.

7. An accelerant according any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the accelerant is a pulverous or granular product.

8. A method for manufacturing aerobic biodegradation accelerant, characterized in that in the accelerant, there is added at least: - one or several compounds meant for adjusting and/or buffering the pH value, an agent promoting microbial cell respiration and redox activity in aerobic biodegradation.

9. A method according to claim 8, characterized in that the compound meant for adjusting and/or buffering the pH value of the accelerant is a buffering agent, preferably a buffering agent that is selected from a group cosisting: sodium gluconate + acidic metallurgical by-product sodium gluconate + glucono-deltalactone sodium gluconate + sulfur-acidic ferrous sulphate lactose + lactic acid - sodium gluconate + citric acid.

10. A method according to claim 8-9, characterized in that in the accelerant, there is added mineral carrier substance, for instance natural or synthetic silicate, such as silica, feldspar, zeolite, bentonite or kaoline.

11. A method according to claim 8-10, characterized in that the substance promoting microbial cell respiration and redox activity in aerobic biodegradation is an iron compound, such as FeSO₄, and/or a manganese compound, such as MnO₂ or MnSO₄.

12. A method according to claim 8-11 , characterized in that in the accelerant, there is added, as carbohydrate or a derivative thereof, lactose, glucono- deltalactone and/or sodium gluconate.

13. A method according to claim 8-12, characterized in that in the accelerant, there is added as trace element zinc, copper, cobalt and/or molybdenum.

14. A method according to claim 8-13, characterized in that the accelerant is manufactured as a granular product.

15. The use of aerobic biodegradation accelerant, characterized in that an accelerant according to claims 1-7 is used for binding ammonia and/or phosphorus in organic material.

16. The use of aerobic biodegradation accelerant, characterized in that an accelerant according to claims 1-7 is added in organic material for the amount of 0.2-5 percentages by weight.

17. The use of aerobic biodegradation accelerant, characterized in that an accelerant according to claims 1-7 is used in composting, aerobic stabilizing, deodorization, and/or in the treatment of sewage, slurries, animal beddings or lavatory waste, and/or for promoting the biodegradation of logging waste or plant waste both in the nature and in cultivated areas.