KR19980032415A - Kitchen Garbage Disposal Equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to drive a scraping blade and a stirring screw conveyor at an optimum rotation speed according to each function by one power drive source, and to reduce grinding costs by efficiently grinding and fermenting a kitchen. To provide a waste disposal device.

The present invention is characterized in that the inside of the fermentation tank into which the kitchen waste is put, a stirring barrel having a grinding hole formed therein, a scraping blade for scraping up the kitchen waste deposited on the lower portion of the fermentation treatment tank in the stirring barrel, The kitchen waste, which is installed in the stirring barrel and scraped by the corresponding scraping blade, is crushed into the grinding hole while raising the inside of the stirring container, and is dispersed in the lower portion of the fermentation treatment tank at the inlet between the grinding hole and the upper end of the stirring barrel. A kitchen waste treatment apparatus having a stirring device composed of a stirring screw conveyor for dropping, comprising a transmission device capable of obtaining two concentric outputs with one input, connecting the input shaft with a drive shaft of a drive source, and a low speed output shaft among the output shafts of the transmission device. To the scraping blade, and the high speed output shaft to the stirring It is to connect with the comb Javea.

Description

Kitchen Garbage Disposal Equipment

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a kitchen waste treatment apparatus for fermenting kitchen waste such as food processing waste and residues.

Conventionally, as a kitchen trash processing apparatus for fermenting kitchen trash by composting, the bottom of the container is embedded in the ground, fermented bacteria are added to house the kitchen trash, and it is called a household compost etc. which is fermented by bacteria. Various types of things have been known, from what is present, to an industrial large kitchen waste disposal apparatus equipped with a grinder and a fermenter.

However, the conventional kitchen waste processing apparatus is not applicable to the place where a large amount of kitchen waste occurs because the former has a low processing capacity and a long processing time, and in the latter case, a pulverizer and a fermentation apparatus are separately installed. As the equipment becomes larger, the equipment cost is excessively high. Therefore, a method of installing the grinding means and the stirring means for the fermentation in the same tank has been proposed.

As a kitchen waste disposal apparatus provided with both means of this kind of grinding and stirring in the same tank, the "kitchen waste disposal apparatus" shown by Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 7-64663, etc. are mentioned.

The constitution includes: a stirring barrel having a grinding hole formed in the fermentation tank into which the kitchen waste is put, a scraping blade for scraping the kitchen waste deposited on the lower portion of the fermentation tank by rotation in the stirring barrel; Agitated to disperse the kitchen waste, which is installed in the stirring barrel and scraped by the scraping blade, into the grinding hole while raising the inside of the stirring cylinder, and dispersed in the lower portion of the fermentation tank at the upper opening of the grinding hole and the stirring barrel. It has a stirring device which consists of a screw conveyor. The inlet part is also sawtooth-shaped in order to grind the kitchen waste collected by the raking blade at the inlet of a stirring vessel.

The kitchen waste is composted while being pulverized into a stirring barrel and repeatedly dispersed and dropped in the grinding hole and the upper opening of the stirring tube.

The scraping blade installed in the lower part of the fermentation tank mentioned above is installed to collect the large kitchen wastes which are thrown up and down to the kitchen waste by rotation and collected in the lower part of the fermentation tank with the inlet of the stirring vessel. Necessary power is determined by inner diameter, height of tank, density and rotation speed of fermented raw materials (kitchen waste). On the other hand, the stirring screw conveyor is to crush the kitchen scraps scraped by the raking blade into the grinding hole while raising the inside of the stirring cylinder, and to fall down in the lower part of the fermentation treatment tank at the upper opening of the grinding hole or the stirring cylinder, Power is determined by the size, intensity and quantity of kitchen waste.

In the prior art, since the same drive shaft is operated for the simplification of the apparatus, the scraping blade and the stirring screw conveyor are not driven at the optimum rotational speed at the same time, and there is a problem that the excessive power source is selected and the operating cost is increased.

In addition, the fermentation treatment tank contains an appropriate amount of fermentation accelerators in which fermentation microorganisms have been planted in the leftovers of the composted kitchen waste without being discharged from the discharge port. In the case of garbage having a large amount of carbohydrates, it was confirmed that the dumpling-type lump gradually increased due to the shanghai-dong of the kitchen waste caused by the rotational movement of the scraping blades, and a large number of solids that did not enter the stirring vessel were confirmed. Moreover, it was confirmed that this solid material generate | occur | produces the rotation speed of a scraping blade at 100 rpm or more.

In addition, the above-mentioned kitchen waste treatment apparatus is to crush or crush the kitchen waste and convert organic matter into inorganic salts by the action of aerobic fermentation bacteria. In order for an aerobic fermentation bacterium to undergo a redox reaction, oxygen is required, and its action is easily affected by the natural environment such as oxygen content and temperature. In the prior art, the kitchen waste during fermentation only comes into contact with air when it is dispersed and dropped by the surface layer of the kitchen waste deposited in the fermentation tank and the stirring screw conveyor, and the lower portion of the fermentation tank has good air circulation. Needless to say, the supply of air to the aerobic fermentation bacteria was not sufficient.

Further, the kitchen scraps are stirred with the scraping blade, and when the fermentation proceeds, the temperature in the fermentation tank increases, but as the fermentation approaches saturation, the temperature in the fermentation tank decreases, and when the fermentation is saturated, the fermentation. The temperature in the treatment tank returns to the outside temperature. As a result, the primary fermentation of kitchen waste is completed and composted. In this case, when the kitchen waste is discharged before the completion of primary fermentation, heat in the fermentation tank is discharged through the kitchen waste outlet, so that the temperature in the fermentation tank is lowered to prevent the promotion of fermentation. In addition, compost at the stage where primary fermentation is completed is said to have high concentrations of nitric acid and nitric acid, and if used as a fertilizer as it is, it is excessively fertilized and needs to be denitrated. Anaerobic fermentation bacteria are effective for denitrification, but since this dislikes oxygen, the completion of primary fermentation and denitrification have become contradictory demands in the kitchen waste disposal apparatus.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention, even if a single power drive, the scraping blade and the stirring screw conveyor can be driven at the optimum rotational speed for each function, and the grinding and fermentation can be efficiently performed to reduce the working capital. It is to provide a kitchen waste disposal apparatus.

Further, another object of the present invention is to provide a kitchen waste disposal apparatus capable of pulverizing the supplied kitchen waste reliably without increasing the lump of lump type in the fermentation treatment tank by the rotational movement of the scraping blade. have.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a kitchen waste disposal apparatus capable of supplying sufficient oxygen to aerobic fermentation bacteria, whereby primary fermentation can be performed satisfactorily.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kitchen waste disposal apparatus capable of sufficiently denitrifying the compost in which primary fermentation is completed.

A feature of the present invention which achieves the above object is a scraping bin in which a grinding hole is formed in the fermentation treatment tank into which the kitchen waste is put, and scraping scraping the kitchen waste accumulated in the fermentation treatment tank lower portion in the stirring container. A collecting blade and a kitchen waste provided in the stirring blade and scraped by the scraping blade are crushed into the grinding hole while raising the inside of the stirring container, and the fermentation treatment tank is disposed at the upper opening of the grinding hole and the stirring cylinder. In the kitchen trash processing apparatus having a stirring device consisting of a stirring screw conveyor to disperse the lower portion,

Install a transmission that can obtain two concentric outputs with one input, connect the input shaft with the drive shaft of the drive source, connect the low speed output shaft with the scraping blade among the two output shafts of the transmission, and connect the high speed output shaft to the stirring screw. It's in connection with the conveyor.

With the above structure, the stirring screw conveyor rotates at a high speed so that the kitchen waste is pulverized and dispersed in the lower part of the fermentation treatment tank at the grinding hole and the upper opening of the stirring tube, and the moisture is evaporated by sufficiently contacting the air. In addition to the conveying aid in the stirring screw conveyor, the large-density kitchen waste can be selectively removed from the stirring bowl by rotating the blade. It moves rapidly to the inlet to advance the grinding in the stirring vessel. On the other hand, small and dense kitchen waste is raked slowly, which promotes fermentation. The fermentation tank is heated by the heat generated by the fermentation and the fermentation proceeds at an accelerated rate.

In this way, the kitchen waste is subjected to sufficient agitation and evaporation of water in the process of dispersing and falling into the fermentation treatment tank at the upper portion of the upper part of the stirring tube, so that the optimum fermentation treatment condition by the microorganism can be obtained, and the fermentation is carried out efficiently. The process is performed. Since there is only one driving source, the configuration is simple and the equipment cost and the operating cost can be reduced.

In addition, the low speed of the rotation of the scraping blades prevents the dumping of the kitchen waste by combining with the surrounding small lumps, especially during falling, and the kitchen waste easily enters the stirring container. Crushed and composted.

Characterized in the kitchen waste treatment apparatus of the present invention to achieve the above object is a stirring barrel in which a grinding hole is formed in the fermentation treatment tank into which the kitchen waste is put, and deposited in the fermentation treatment tank lower portion in the stirring vessel. The scraping blade for scraping the kitchen waste, and the kitchen waste, which is installed in the lower part of the stirring barrel and scraped with the scraping blade, is crushed into the grinding hole while raising the inside of the stirring barrel, and the grinding hole and the A kitchen waste treatment apparatus having a stirring device composed of a stirring screw conveyor that falls down from a top opening of a stirring vessel to a bottom of a fermentation treatment tank, wherein the feed body for supplying air to the pulverized kitchen waste in the fermentation treatment tank is subjected to the fermentation treatment. At the bottom of the jaw and at least one side around it.

By the above structure, while the kitchen waste put into the fermentation treatment tank is pulverized, the fermentation is promoted by being supplied with sufficient air according to the rotation of the scraping blade from at least one side of the periphery and the bottom of the fermentation treatment tank, The increase in the internal pressure of the fermentation treatment tank generated by the air to be increased increases the evaporation efficiency of water.

Another feature of the present invention is that a fermentation storage tank that performs secondary fermentation of compost in which primary fermentation is completed in the fermentation processing tank is installed next to the fermentation processing tank via a one-way door.

Since the compost storage tank is installed next to the fermentation processing tank, there is little release of heat to the outside air in the fermentation processing tank and the temperature in the fermentation processing tank is not lowered at the same time as transfer of the incomplete compost to the compost storage tank. The promotion of fermentation is not hampered. Further, in the compost storage tank, the compost is placed under anaerobic conditions, so that denitrification proceeds, and the environmental load is reduced to a good compost.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional front view of a kitchen waste disposal apparatus in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a diagram showing an example of using a flat biaxial reducer in a transmission as another embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a longitudinal sectional front view of the kitchen waste treatment apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: processing device 2: fermentation tank

3: kitchen waste inlet 4: exhaust fan

5: exhaust tank 6: cover

7 outlet 8 agitator

8a: grinding hole 9: scraping blade

10: stirring screw conveyor 11: support arm

12: bearing 21: mount

22: drive motor 23: Cartesian shaft reducer

24: planetary gear reducer 24a: low speed output shaft (carrier shaft)

24b: high speed output shaft 24c: sun gear

24d: Casing 24e: Internal Gear

24f: Planetary gear 24g: Bearing

31: direct drive 32: compost moving door

33: compost storage 34: compost movement

35a, 35b: air supply hole 36: air supply source

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiment of this invention is described in detail based on drawing.

1 shows a longitudinal section of a kitchen waste disposal apparatus 1 according to the present invention.

2 is a fermentation tank and 3 is a kitchen waste inlet. Although not shown in the drawing, the kitchen waste inlet 3 includes a kitchen waste injector consisting of a feeder and a screw conveyor for feeding, so that the kitchen waste is automatically fed. The feeder is provided with a vibrating feeder at the lower end of the hopper, and is to separate the kitchen waste put into the hopper so that the solid content falls to the lower end of the feeding screw conveyor. The top of the feeding screw conveyor faces the kitchen waste inlet 3 of the fermentation treatment tank 2.

The fermentation treatment tank 2 has an exhaust fan 4 and an exhaust tube 5 at the upper portion thereof, and an outlet 7 of the compostable kitchen waste which can be opened and closed by a cover 6 at the lower portion thereof. Inside, a stirring barrel 8, a scraping blade 9 and a stirring screw conveyor 10 are installed. The upper and lower ends of the stirring barrel 8 are opened, the upper end is supported by the support arm 11, and the lower end is sawtooth-shaped. In addition, a plurality of grinding holes 8a are formed in the central portion. The stirring screw conveyor 10 is in the stirring barrel 8, the upper end passes through the upper opening of the stirring barrel 8 and is supported by the bearing 12 on the support arm 11, and the lower end passes through the lower opening of the stirring barrel 8 and the bottom of the fermentation treatment tank 2 is removed. Penetrating The scraping blade 9 has a drive shaft penetrating the bottom of the fermentation tank 2, like the stirring screw conveyor 10, and is rotatably installed near the lower opening of the bottom stirring barrel 8 of the fermentation tank 2.

In the stand of the fermentation treatment tank 2, 21, a drive motor 22, an orthogonal shaft reducer 23, and a planetary gear reducer (transmission device capable of obtaining two concentric outputs with one input) are incorporated. The input shaft of the planetary gear reducer 24 is connected to the orthogonal shaft reducer 23, and the low speed output shaft (carrier shaft) 24a located at the outer side of the two output shafts is connected to the drive shaft of the scraping blade 9 and is integrated with the input shaft. The output shaft 24b is connected to the stirring screw conveyor 10. The sun gear 24c is fixed to the high speed output shaft 24b, and the planetary gear 24f is engaged between the internal gear 24e of the casing 24d and the sun gear 24c. The low speed output shaft (carrier shaft) 24a is a planetary gear 24f and a bearing. Rotation is possible via 24g. Therefore, the planetary gear 24f rotates and rotates between the internal gear car 24e and the sun gear 24c. Therefore, even if the high speed output shaft 24b rotates quickly, the slow rotational speed of revolution is transmitted to the low speed output shaft (carrier shaft) 24a to collect. Blade 9 also rotates slowly.

In addition, although the real stage is provided between the bottom plate of the fermentation treatment tank 2 and the low speed output shaft (carrier shaft) 24a, or between the low speed output shaft (carrier shaft) 24a and the high speed output shaft 24b, a real stage is provided so that kitchen waste does not enter, but the drawing is simplified. The illustration is omitted for the sake of simplicity.

The fermentation treatment tank 2 is suitably housed in a fermentation accelerator for seeding the fermentation microorganisms in advance. This fermentation accelerator is left without discharging from outlet 7 of composted kitchen waste.

When the kitchen trash is put into the hopper of the kitchen trash dispensing device (not shown), the kitchen trash is solidified by being sent while being vibrated by the vibrating feeder of the trash feeder, and the solid content falls to the lower part of the screw input conveyor and moves upwards. It is pressurized and the water is drained properly at the lower end of the screw conveyor for feeding. Since the screw conveyor for dispensing is arranged in an inclined state, dehydration is efficiently carried out during conveyance, and the water is reduced by about 30 to 40% until it reaches the kitchen waste inlet 3 of the fermentation treatment tank 2. The kitchen waste supplied to the fermentation treatment tank 2 from the kitchen waste inlet 3 of the fermentation treatment tank 2 is scraped by the planetary gear reducer 24 by starting the drive motor 22, and the blade 9 and the stirring screw conveyor 10 rotate, The kitchen waste GG deposited in the treatment tank 2 is scraped off at the lower end of the stirring tube 8 with the scraping blade 9, and the inside of the stirring tube 8 is conveyed upwards with the stirring screw conveyor 10. In this case, the kitchen scraps are shaken by the slow rotation of the scraping blade 9, and the large and dense kitchen waste sinks to the bottom of the fermentation treatment tank 2 faster than the small and dense kitchen waste. It will be moved to the entrance of barrel 8. The large kitchen trash is cut and crushed by the teeth provided at the inlet of the stirring barrel 8, and is again conveyed to the upper side of the stirring cylinder 8, cut and crushed by passing through the grinding hole 8a, and further deposited on the fermentation treatment tank 2. Fall onto the kitchen waste GG.

In addition, even if a large amount of carbohydrates are included in the kitchen waste, the scraping blade 9 rotates slowly, so that it is prevented from being enlarged because it is combined with the surrounding small lumps during the shanghai-dong of the kitchen waste, especially when falling. Small and dense kitchen waste moves slowly to the inlet of the stirring barrel 8 with slow rotation of the scraping blade 9 and is sufficiently in contact with the air as it falls, and also vibrates due to the rotation of the scraping blade 9 (stirring). In contact with air, the fermentation proceeds under the action of aerobic fermentation microorganisms.

Water falls from the kitchen waste when it falls on the kitchen waste GG deposited in the fermentation treatment tank 2 at the grinding hole 8a or the upper end of the stirring barrel 8. Since the kitchen trash increases in surface area to the volume of the pulverization furnace and the temperature rises due to the heat generated by the fermentation in the fermentation treatment tank 2, the evaporation of moisture proceeds efficiently. After the kitchen waste is put into the fermentation treatment tank 2, the scraping blade 9 and the stirring screw conveyor 10 are operated for a predetermined time (about 2 to 5 hours depending on the components of the kitchen waste). As the kitchen waste GG accumulated in the fermentation treatment tank 2 repeatedly rises and falls, the kitchen waste is sufficiently crushed, stirred, and increased in water, and the moisture, oxygen concentration and size are properly adjusted, and the optimum fermentation conditions by the microorganisms. This is obtained and fermentation is performed efficiently. The fermented and composted kitchen waste is sent out of the fermentation treatment tank 2 at the outlet 7 every predetermined period of time (about once or twice a month according to the apparatus of this embodiment).

In the apparatus of the embodiment described above, the rotation speed of the scraping blade is halved, the kitchen waste is put in about 30 kg per day, and the operation for 4 hours is repeated for one month. It was confirmed that it is almost 10% or less, no odors or lumps are generated, and the processing capacity is drastically increased in comparison with the conventional kitchen waste treatment apparatus.

The driving source is only one drive motor 22, but the scraping blade 9 and the stirring screw conveyor 10 can each drive at a desired optimum speed, and each function can be effectively exhibited.

In addition, since the apparatus is simple, the installation cost is inexpensive, and since the grinding-fermentation-composting is carried out efficiently, no operating costs are required.

In the above embodiment, the planetary gear reducer is used as a transmission in which two concentric outputs can be obtained with one input, but the planetary gear reducer has advantages such as a small gear reducer and a large ratio of transmission power / volume. have.

The transmission may be a parallel biaxial reducer as shown in FIG. In the figure, 20 is an input shaft driven by the drive motor 22, 24h is a first gear for deceleration during two-speed reduction, 24j is a second gear for deceleration, and 25 is an intermediate shaft. This transmission also has a single input and can obtain two concentric outputs of the low speed output shaft (carrier shaft) 24a and the high speed output shaft 24b.

3 is a longitudinal sectional front view of the kitchen waste disposal apparatus in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. The same parts as in Fig. 1 or Fig. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In the fermentation treatment tank 2, a composting door that can be moved to the exhaust pan 4 and exhaust bin 5 on the top, kitchen waste inlet 3 on the outside, stirring barrel 8 and scraping blade 9, stirring screw conveyor 10 and direct-drive motor 31 inside (one-way door) 32 is installed, through which the compost storage tank 33 is adjacent, the transfer of the compost from the fermentation processing tank 2 to the compost storage tank 33 is carried out through the compost moving opening 34, and the kitchen waste outlet 12 is provided on the outside of the compost storage tank 33. I install it.

At least one of the bottom and the periphery of the fermentation treatment tank 2 is provided with air supply holes 35a and 135b, respectively, and air is supplied from an air supply source 36.

Next, the operation of the apparatus having the above configuration will be described.

From the supply of kitchen waste to composting, it is the same as the kitchen waste processing apparatus in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and a certain amount of time (after kitchen waste is put into the fermentation treatment tank 2 in which an appropriate amount of a fermentation accelerator inoculated with the fermentation bacteria) is accommodated. 2 to 5 hours) depending on the components of the scraping blade 9 and the stirring screw conveyor 10 is operated. The kitchen waste accumulated in the fermentation treatment tank 2 ascends and falls several times, and the kitchen waste is sufficiently crushed and stirred by repeating the air supply from at least one of the air supply holes 35a and 35b provided around and in the bottom of the fermentation treatment tank 2. And moisture, oxygen concentration, and size are appropriately adjusted to obtain optimum fermentation conditions by the microorganism, and the fermentation treatment is performed efficiently.

Fermented and composted kitchen waste is fermented and dried, so that it is reduced to 1/10 to 1/20 of the weight at the time of introduction into the apparatus. When the temperature in the fermentation tank decreases and returns to the ambient temperature, a predetermined treatment is completed. When the compost moving door 32 is lifted by the direct drive motor 31 and the compost moving opening 34 is opened, the scraping blade 9 and the stirring screw conveyor 10 rotate. It automatically moves from the compost moving hole 34 to the compost storage tank 33 by centrifugal force.

The compost transfer opening 34 between the fermentation treatment tank 2 and the compost storage tank 33 is normally blocked by the compost transfer door 32 which moves only to the compost storage tank 34, and the air flow between the brewing tanks 2 and 33 is only composting movement. Therefore, the moved compost is deposited in the compost storage tank 33 and is placed under a closed anaerobic condition, so that it is denitrated by anaerobic fermentation bacteria and finally becomes compost. Then, remove it from the kitchen waste outlet 12 as appropriate. In addition, although the air supply hole 35a, 35b is provided in both, only one side may be sufficient.

According to the kitchen waste processing apparatus shown in FIG. 3, when the kitchen waste processing is carried out by installing the feed part which supplies air from the bottom of the said fermentation processing tank and at least one of the surroundings at the bottom of a fermentation processing tank, it is pushed up by rotation of a scraping blade. The air spreads widely in the space of the kitchen waste, so that the fermentation can be completed efficiently and in a short time.

Further, according to the kitchen waste treatment apparatus shown in Fig. 3, by providing a compost storage tank, it is possible to prevent the lowering of the temperature in the fermentation treatment tank and to denitrate the compost, so that compost with less environmental load can be obtained.

As described above, according to the present invention, any one power drive source can be driven at the optimum rotational speed according to the respective functions of the scraping blade and the stirring screw conveyor, and the grinding and fermentation are performed efficiently, and the working capital can be reduced. You can get a kitchen waste disposal device.

In addition, according to the present invention, a kitchen trash processing apparatus capable of crushing and composting reliably pulverized lumps in a fermentation treatment tank in a fermentation treatment tank by a rotational movement of a scraping blade can be obtained.

In addition, according to the present invention, by providing a compost storage tank, it is possible to prevent the lowering of the temperature in the fermentation treatment tank and to denitrate the compost so that the compost can be produced with low environmental load and good quality.

Claims (4)

In the inside of the fermentation tank into which the kitchen wastes are put, a stirring cylinder having a hole for crushing, a scraping blade for collecting kitchen waste deposited in the lower portion of the fermentation processing tank in the stirring cylinder, and installed in the stirring cylinder, A stirring device comprising a stirring screw conveyor for crushing the kitchen waste scraped by a collecting blade into the grinding hole while raising the inside of the stirring tube to disperse the dispersion hole in the lower part of the fermentation tank from the upper opening of the grinding barrel In the kitchen waste treatment apparatus, A transmission is provided in which two concentric outputs are obtained by one input, and an input shaft of the transmission is connected to a drive shaft of a driving source, and a low speed output shaft is connected to the scraping blade among two output shafts of the transmission, and the high speed output shaft is Kitchen waste disposal apparatus, characterized in that connected to the stirring screw conveyor. The method of claim 1, The transmission device is a kitchen waste processing apparatus, characterized in that any one of the planetary gear reducer or parallel shaft reducer that can obtain two concentric outputs in one input. The method of claim 1, And a feed body for supplying air to the pulverized kitchen waste in the fermentation treatment tank is provided in at least one of the fermentation treatment tank, the bottom portion and the periphery. The method according to claim 1 or 3, And a compost storage tank for secondary fermentation of the composted fermentation in the fermentation treatment tank, installed in the fermentation treatment tank via a one-way door.