JP2001198557A - Garbage treatment device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To subject garbage to complete decomposition/digestion treatment. SOLUTION: This device is provided with a charging port 1 and a charging hopper 4 each of which is used for charging garbage, a container 2 supported so as to be freely rotatable in the circumferential direction, a driving motor 15 for driving the container 2, plural scrapers 3 projectingly placed inside the container 2, and fine wood pieces 16 for culturing microorganisms with which the container 2 is packed. Thus, garbage can be subjected to complete decomposition/digestion treatment while preventing attrition loss of the fine wood pieces from being caused and also maintaining treatment capacity at an appropriate level.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a garbage disposal apparatus that completely decomposes and digests a large amount of garbage discharged from homes or offices by the action of microorganisms, and leaves no processing residue.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, garbage such as vegetable waste, raw fish ara and garbage discharged from households, various food processing factories, food stores, restaurants, lodging facilities, etc. is fermented using microorganisms to be turned into organic fertilizer and recycled. Have been. In the case of fertilizer, for example, a predetermined amount of a specific fermentative bacterium is added to garbage, and while mixing and controlling the temperature and humidity, the garbage is stirred and mixed with a rotating blade in the fermenter to ferment the garbage by aerobic fermentation. , Weight loss, and organic fertilizer.

[0003] In carrying out such a treatment, it is difficult for each household or restaurant or the like to own a garbage disposal apparatus in terms of cost. In addition, there is a problem in terms of safety when a user who does not have specialized knowledge performs operation and maintenance of the apparatus.

[0004] On the other hand, even if organic fertilizers are turned into resources, the amount of garbage tends to increase more and more. Since the conversion of garbage to fertilizer is not a semi-permanent disposal, a large amount of garbage will eventually be disposed of. However, there is a problem that all the fertilizer cannot be consumed and the surplus fertilizer must be discarded again. By the way, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-3467
No. 9, the sludge is completely decomposed by the method of treating microorganisms with sludge using wood chips (details are described in Examples).
There is a sludge treatment method that digests and leaves no treatment residue. However, even if it is going to apply the method of treating sludge by the above-mentioned woody swarf to a garbage disposal apparatus which stirs and mixes with a rotating blade,
When the garbage and the wood strips of the processing medium are stirred and mixed in the processing tank, the rotating blades are used. Therefore, the wood strips rub against the rotating blades, and are worn, sheared, crushed and consumed. Therefore, wood chips are consumed and the processing capacity is significantly reduced, so that garbage cannot be completely decomposed and digested.
The above technology could not be applied.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is applied to a garbage disposal apparatus which stirs and mixes garbage and wood chips of a processing medium. Provided is a garbage disposal apparatus that can be maintained, completely decomposes and digests garbage, and leaves no processing residue.

[0006]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has a problem that it is difficult to separately install a device at a garbage discharge point. In doing so, since wood chips are consumed, the processing capacity is significantly reduced, and in view of the problem that garbage can not be completely decomposed and digested, it has an input port and an input hopper for charging garbage, A container rotatably supported in the circumferential direction, and a drive motor for driving the container, the inside shape of the container is polygonal, a scraper is protruded in the container, and a wooden piece is used as a microorganism culture base material. By filling the inside, raw garbage and wood chips are picked up by the container inner wall surface or scraper with the rotation of the container, dropped and stirred and mixed, and the frictional resistance, shear stress, etc. applied to the wood particles are extremely reduced. Small and prevent wear of wood chips To maintain the processing capability over a long period of time, completely decompose the garbage, digested, providing a garbage disposal that as processing residues do not remain to solve the above problems.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Example 1 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a container 2 having a larger diameter at the center in the direction parallel to the rotation axis than the front and rear ends and having an inlet 1 at a front end is formed. A plurality of scrapers 3 are protruded, and an air supply pipe 6 having an input hopper 4 and a number of air discharge holes 5 formed in the container 2 is inserted from the input port 1 so as not to interfere with the wall surface of the container 2. The air supply device 7 is connected to the side of the air supply pipe 6 that protrudes from the inlet 1.

A pair of two annular inner rings 8 are fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the large diameter portion of the container 2, and an annular support frame 10 is fitted to the inner ring 8 via a bearing 9, Is fixed to the bracket 11, and the container 2 is supported in an inclined state with the inlet 1 facing upward. Further, an annular gear 12 is fixedly provided on the outer peripheral surface of the container 2,
A drive motor 15 having a gear 14 is mounted on a mounting table 13 fixed to the floor below the container 2 such that the annular gear 12 and the gear 14 mesh with each other. The container 2 is filled with wood strips 16 as a microorganism culture substrate.

In the above embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the container 2 may be of a tiltable type in which the inclination of the container 2 can be changed. Next, only different parts will be described. When tilting,
The support frame 10 is supported on the bracket 11 via a horizontally extending pin 17, and a drive motor 15 having a gear 14 is mounted on the support frame 10 via an arm 18 so that the annular gear 12 and the gear 14 mesh with each other. It is attached to. A base end of a tilting cylinder 19 is pivotally attached to the floor behind the container 2, and a piston rod 20 of the tilting cylinder 19 is pivotally attached to a lever 21 fixed to the support frame 10. ing.

Embodiment 2 Next, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a horizontal processing apparatus for supporting a container horizontally will be described. Forming a substantially cylindrical container 24 having a rectangular plate shape and extending in the longitudinal direction of a horizontally placed frame 22 and having a charging port 23 at the front end, on the inner peripheral surface of the container 24,
A plurality of scrapers 25 are protruded at substantially equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and a charging hopper 26 and a number of air discharge holes 27 are provided in the container 24.
In order not to interfere with the air supply pipe 28 with
The air supply device 7 is inserted from the inlet 23 and fixed to the bracket 29, and the air supply device 7 is connected to the side of the air supply pipe 28 projecting from the inlet 23.

When a bearing roller 31 having a rotating shaft 30 extending in the longitudinal direction of the frame 22 is viewed from the short side of the frame 22,
Two containers are coaxially supported on the upper right side and the upper left side of the frame 22, respectively, and the container 24 is pivotally supported in parallel with the frame 22 so that the outer peripheral surface of the container 24 comes into contact with each support roller 31. . Further, an annular gear 32 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the container 24 in the central portion in the longitudinal direction.
The drive motor 34 having the ring gear 32 and the gear 33
Are installed so that they mesh with each other. The container 2 is filled with wood strips 16 as a microorganism culture substrate.

In the first and second embodiments, the following may be adopted. The containers 2 and 24 are rotated by the drive motors 15 and 34. However, when processing the garbage, if the rotation is too slow, the stirring is insufficient and the garbage digestion activity by microorganisms cannot be sufficiently obtained. If it passes too long, the wood fragments 16 will slide down the inner walls of the containers 2 and 24 violently and wear.Therefore, the rotation speed of the container takes into consideration the inner diameter of the container, and the wood fragments 16 do not violently slide and wear on the inner wall of the container. The garbage and the wood chips are set to the minimum necessary to be able to stir and mix. Air supply method, usually using air at normal temperature, intermittently at predetermined time intervals, supply of air, may be interrupted supply, but at low temperatures, in order to activate the activity of microorganisms, Hot air at an appropriate temperature may be used, or a temperature and humidity sensor may be attached to an appropriate location and electrically controlled so as to maintain a predetermined temperature and humidity. The scrapers 2 and 25 adjust the size, the number of attached containers, and the attachment location in consideration of the size of the processing containers 2 and 24 used in order to stir and mix the garbage and the wood chips 16 successfully. Flat shape,
The shape may be a curved shape, a twisted plate shape, or the like. For example, Example 2
Instead of extending the scraper 25 over the entire length of the container 24, the scraper 25 may be divided into a plurality of pieces and attached with a phase shift. Although the crusher 41 and the inspection port are omitted in FIGS. 1, 3, and 5, the crusher 41 may be provided in the input hoppers 4 and 26, or may be separately provided to avoid noise, vibration, and the like. The inspection port may be provided on the side surface of the container 2 or 24, and a lid that can be freely opened and closed may be attached.

Third Embodiment Next, as a modified example of the first and second embodiments, only a different portion of the processing apparatus having a polygonal inner shape will be described. FIGS. 7 and 8 show an example in which the containers of FIGS. 2 and 6 are hexagonal.
The stirring and mixing may be performed only on the inner wall surfaces of the containers 35 and 36 without providing a scraper, but a scraper may be provided. When the container of the second embodiment is polygonal, a ring 37
May be fixed, and the container 36 may be pivotally supported in a state parallel to the frame 39 such that the outer peripheral surface of the ring 37 abuts on the support roller 38.

Embodiment 4 As shown in FIG. 9, the garbage disposal apparatus of Embodiments 1, 2, and 3 may be covered with a case 40 as shown in FIG. 9 in order to absorb driving noise, mute noise, and prevent odor leakage. At this time, the crusher 41 and a deodorizing device (not shown) described below are attached to the case 40.

Embodiment 5 The garbage disposal apparatus of Embodiments 1, 2, and 3 is, for example, shown in FIG.
As shown in the figure, a processing device that is mounted on a vehicle and can be moved in a vehicle-mounted type may be used. Only a different configuration of the processing device mounted on the vehicle will be described. When loading the vehicle, the main frame 42 is provided at the rear of the vehicle.
In addition, a support frame 43 and a support frame 44 are integrally formed on the front and rear portions of the vehicle body, respectively, and the processing container 45 is rotatably supported by both the support frames 43 and 44. And container 45
At the rear, a hopper 46 for putting garbage into the container 45,
A crusher 41 for pulverizing garbage and an air supply device 7 for supplying air into a container 45 are arranged close to each other. Since the configuration of the hydraulic device for rotating the container 45 is well known in the related art, the description thereof is omitted here, but the rotational driving force of the container 45 may be obtained from the engine mounted on the vehicle. Note that the crusher 41 and the air supply device 7 are omitted in FIG.

Next, the operation of the garbage disposal apparatus according to the present invention will be described. When processing the garbage, the garbage is pulverized by the crusher 41 and put into the processing container 2. The container is rotated by the drive motor 15, and with the rotation of the container 2, the scraper 3 protruding into the container 2 scoops up the inputted garbage and the filled wood chips 16.
The wood chips 16 are dropped and mixed without stirring.
At the same time, the air supply device 7 intermittently repeats the supply of air into the container 2 and the interruption of the supply. At the time of air supply, the garbage and the wood chips 16 are exposed to air to evaporate water, thereby forming conditions suitable for the propagation of aerobic bacteria. Etc.
The water content of the garbage and the wood chips 16 increases, forming conditions suitable for the propagation of anaerobic bacteria.

Embodiment 6 Next, an apparatus for treating garbage by mixing and mixing garbage and wood fragments with stirring blades will be described. FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram schematically showing the whole garbage disposal apparatus having stirring blades. In FIG. 11, 47 is a main body of the garbage disposal apparatus, and 48 is a deodorizer. As shown in FIGS.
Consists of a container 50 having a garbage input port 49 with a lid at the top,
A stirring blade 51 is provided on the container 50, and a motor 52 for driving the stirring blade 51 is provided on the side of the container 50. Further, the wooden strip 16 is accommodated in the container 50. Further, the bottom of the container 50 is formed in a state of protruding downward in a conical shape, and a drain port 53 is provided substantially at the center of the bottom (the lowermost end of the container 50), and the upstream end of the drain pipe 54 is connected to the drain port 53. Connect and downstream drainage tank
It is connected to 55 water inlet 56. In addition, a filter 53a is detachably provided in the drain pipe 54, and the filter 53a allows water and solid matter (garbage and wood chips 16) generated in the container 50 to be separated by filtration. or,
A water pipe with a pump 58 interposed at the outlet 57 of the drain tank 55
The upstream end of 59 is connected, the downstream end is connected to a connection port 60 provided in the container 50, and the connection port 60 is connected to a fountain pipe 62 provided with a plurality of fountain ports 61, 61a. It forms a circulation path for the water generated during the treatment. In addition, a drain port 55a is provided in the drain tank 55, and a drain pipe 55c provided with a valve 55b passing therethrough is connected to the drain port 55a so that the water collected in the drain tank 55 can be discharged. In order to facilitate the maintenance of the apparatus.

Further, 63 in FIG. 11 is an air supply device,
The branch side of the air supply pipe 64 of the air supply device 63 is branched, and the branch pipes 65, 65a.
Connected to

The deodorizing device 48 comprises a container 67 for accommodating the deodorizing medium W, and a lid 68 detachably mounted on the upper part of the container 67, and an exhaust port is provided on the upper part of the lid 68. 69,
An exhaust pipe 70 is connected to the exhaust port 69. Deodorizing device 48
A fumarolic tube 71 having an inner end protruding into the container body 67 is provided at a lower portion of one side of the fumarolic tube.
a ... multiple holes are drilled. Then, the downstream end of an exhaust pipe 74 in which a pump 73 is interposed is connected to the outer end side of the fumarolic pipe 71, and the upstream end of the exhaust pipe 74 is branched into a plurality of branches.
Are connected to exhaust ports 76, 76a,... Provided in the upper part of the container 50.

The deodorizing medium W is a suspension in which wood fragments 16 are dispersed in water, and the mixing ratio of water and wood fragments 16 is preferably in the range of 1: 0.15 to 1: 1 by weight. In addition, regarding the mixing ratio, when the ratio of the wood chips 16 to water exceeds 1, the density of the wood chips 16 in the suspension is excessive, so that the passage of the processing gas is hindered and the wood chips 16 are less than 0.15. If you have wood chips 16
Is insufficient to obtain sufficient deodorizing ability. Further, the deodorizing medium W is not limited to the suspension of the woody debris 16 described above, but may be a pure plant biodeodorant comprising a plant dry distillation extract, a vegetable oil and fat, acetic acid, and a surfactant. "Mori no Se", which is commercially available from Ioseed Corporation.

Further, it is desirable that the main body 47 is provided with a crusher for crushing garbage. For example, as shown in FIGS.
A garbage input port 78 provided at 50 is linked with a conveyor 79 so that the crushed garbage is conveyed and input by the conveyor 79.

As shown in FIGS. 19 and 20, a main body 47 is housed in a case 80, and the main body 47, the deodorizing device 48, and the air supply device 63 are mounted on a vehicle 81 so as to be able to run on its own. Is more desirable. The crusher 77 and conveyor 79 are shown in Fig. 2.
It is omitted in 0.

Next, the operation of the garbage disposal apparatus having the stirring blades will be described. The water generated during the processing of garbage contains a large amount of digestive bacteria grown by the decomposition and digestion of garbage. Most of the water is returned to the container 50 without being discarded, thereby significantly increasing the number of bacteria used for garbage disposal.

Next, the operation of the deodorizing device will be described. The deodorizing device 48 is a deodorizing medium W made of a suspension of the woody chips 16 contained in the container 67 or a pure vegetable biodeodorant.
Then, by passing the gas sucked from the container 50,
The deodorizing medium W absorbs and decomposes odor components in the gas generated during the processing of garbage, and releases purified air into the atmosphere.

Next, the operation of the wood chips to be filled in the garbage disposal apparatus will be described. In the present specification, the woody flakes are described in JP-B-2-34679, column 1, lines 3 to 8, and have a main chemical composition of 60% to 65% cellulose.
It is composed of 15 to 25% of lignin, 10 to 15% of pentosan, and 11 to 16% of water and the like, and has a particle size of substantially 0.2 m by removing a fine powder portion from ground raw wood material.
It is a woody sliver having a size of m to 5 mm, and refers to fine wood flour and wood chips typically referred to as sawdust, as described in the above publication, column 6, lines 21 to 25. Include all woody fragments that have the same porosity as sawdust and give an appropriate porosity when filled in the form of dust.

When using wood chips for processing garbage,
The processing container 2 is filled with the wood chips 16, and the optimum conditions for the propagation of aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria and the intermediate conditions are repeatedly formed over time and sequentially as described above. As a result, without the addition of specific bacteria for decomposing garbage, decomposition,
The microorganisms attached to the garbage and the microorganisms inhabiting the wood chips, which significantly contribute to digestion, breed enormously. Fast and complete decomposition and digestion of garbage, leaving no processing residue.

[0027]

In summary, the present invention comprises a container 2 having an input port 1 for inputting garbage and an input hopper 4 and rotatably supported in the circumferential direction, and a drive motor 15 for driving the container 2. Since the outer shape of the container 2 was polygonal or the scraper 3 was protruded in the container 2 and the wood chips 16 were filled as a microorganism culture base material, the garbage and the wood chips 16 were With the rotation, scoop up the inner wall of the container 35 or the scraper 3,
It can be dropped and stirred and mixed. Therefore, during stirring and mixing, the frictional resistance and shear stress applied to the wood chips 16 are extremely small, the wood chips 16 are prevented from being consumed, and the processing capacity is maintained over a long period of time. By the action, it can be completely decomposed and digested so that no processing residue remains. In addition, since the air supply device 7 for supplying air into the container 2 is provided, conditions suitable for propagation of aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria are repeatedly formed, and garbage produced by microorganisms is much faster and more complete than before. Digestive activity can be obtained.

Further, since the inner shape of the container is polygonal, by forming a reflux path for water generated during the processing of garbage, most of the water containing digestive bacteria can be returned to the container 50 without being discarded. In addition, the number of bacteria used for garbage disposal can be significantly increased, and the efficiency of garbage disposal can be dramatically improved.

Further, since the crushers 41 and 77 for crushing the garbage to be put into the containers 2 and 50 for garbage disposal are provided, it is possible to reduce the amount of the garbage to be put in and shorten the time required for the decomposition process.

Further, since a case 40 for covering the processing device is provided,
It is possible to achieve harmony with the surrounding scenery, absorb driving noise, mute noise, prevent odor leakage, and manage sanitation.

Also, since a deodorizing device for the gas generated during the processing of garbage is provided, the odor components contained in the gas generated during the processing of the garbage are removed and are not released into the atmosphere. Environmental protection can be achieved. In addition, since there is no need to add specific fermentation bacteria, a pretreatment tank is not required, and the processing residue disappears and does not remain, so there is no need to remove the residue after processing. Can be made smaller than before. Therefore, it should be installed in places where space is limited, such as shops, restaurants, schools, etc., loaded on vehicles, and patrol places where garbage is generated,
It is possible to cope with processing while collecting garbage and the like, and the practical effect is extremely large, such that there is no trouble in disposing of the processing residue in each place.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a main part of a garbage disposal apparatus according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of an essential part showing an example of a tilting type according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a main part of a second embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a main part of a third embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a main part of a third embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view of a main part of a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a side view of the fifth embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of Embodiment 6 of the garbage disposal apparatus.

FIG. 12 is a schematic front view of the main body of FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 is a schematic side view of FIG.

FIG. 14 is a schematic plan view of FIG.

FIG. 15 is a schematic view showing an example of a crusher-equipped type according to a sixth embodiment.

FIG. 16 is a schematic front view of the main body of FIG.

FIG. 17 is a schematic side view of FIG. 16;

FIG. 18 is a schematic plan view of FIG.

FIG. 19 is a schematic view showing an example of a vehicle-mounted type according to a sixth embodiment.

FIG. 20 is a schematic view showing another example of a vehicle-mounted type.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Input port 2 Container 3 Scraper 4 Input hopper 7 Air supply device 15 Drive motor 16 Wood strip 40 Case 41 Crusher 48 Deodorizer 49 Input port 50 Container 51 Stirring blade (stirring means) 52 Motor (stirring means) 53 Drain port ( (Reflux route) 53a Filter (Reflux route) 54 Drain pipe (Reflux route) 55 Drain tank (Reflux route) 56 Inlet (Reflux route) 57 Outlet (Reflux route) 58 Pump (Reflux route) 59 Water pipe (Reflux route) 60 Connection port (reflux path) 61, 61a… Fountain port (reflux path) 62 Fountain pipe (reflux path) 63 Air supply device 77 Crusher 78 Input port 80 Case 81 Vehicle W Deodorizing medium

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 4D002 AB02 AC10 CA06 DA19 DA35 DA59 DA64 DA70 4D004 AA03 AC01 BA04 CA04 CA19 CA48 CB08 CB09 CB13 CB28 CC08

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A container having an input port for inputting garbage and an input hopper and rotatably supported in a circumferential direction, a drive motor for driving the container, and an air supply for supplying air into the container. A garbage disposal apparatus comprising the apparatus. 2. The garbage disposal apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the inner shape of the container is a polygon. 3. The garbage disposal apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a scraper is protruded from the container. 4. A container having a raw garbage inlet and a stirring means, a path for collecting and circulating moisture generated in the container, and an air supply device for supplying air into the container. A garbage disposal device characterized by the following. 5. The garbage disposal apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a crusher for crushing the garbage put into the container. 6. The garbage processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a case for covering the processing apparatus. 7. The garbage disposal apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising a deodorizing device for gas generated in the garbage disposal. 8. The garbage disposal apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the treatment apparatus is mounted on a vehicle. 9. The method according to claim 9, wherein the main chemical composition is cellulose 60 to 6.
5%, lignin 15-25%, pentosan 10-15
% And the remaining 11 to 16% of water, etc., and microbial cultivation of wood fragments having a particle size substantially in the range of 0.2 to 5.0 mm by removing a fine powder portion from the crushed raw wood material. 9. The garbage processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the processing medium as a base material is filled in a container. 10. A wood debris suspension according to claim 9, or an aqueous solution formed by blending a plant dry distillation extract, a vegetable fat and oil, acetic acid, and a surfactant as a deodorizing medium, and housed in a deodorizing device. The garbage disposal device according to claim 7, 8 or 9, wherein: