KR101927789B1 - 에멀젼 중합을 위한 연장된 계면활성제 - Google Patents
에멀젼 중합을 위한 연장된 계면활성제 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR101927789B1 KR101927789B1 KR1020147007741A KR20147007741A KR101927789B1 KR 101927789 B1 KR101927789 B1 KR 101927789B1 KR 1020147007741 A KR1020147007741 A KR 1020147007741A KR 20147007741 A KR20147007741 A KR 20147007741A KR 101927789 B1 KR101927789 B1 KR 101927789B1
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- surfactant composition
- ranging
- alkyl
- chains
- emulsion polymerization
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 51
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 28
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- -1 propyleneoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium persulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000005037 alkyl phenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000892 gravimetry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003921 particle size analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 101100333815 Geobacillus stearothermophilus est gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012527 feed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005865 ionizing radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001511 metal iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000693 micelle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007764 o/w emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001451 organic peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L persulfate group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)([O-])OOS(=O)(=O)[O-] JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006254 rheological additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/12—Polymerisation in non-solvents
- C08F2/16—Aqueous medium
- C08F2/22—Emulsion polymerisation
- C08F2/24—Emulsion polymerisation with the aid of emulsifying agents
- C08F2/26—Emulsion polymerisation with the aid of emulsifying agents anionic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C309/00—Sulfonic acids; Halides, esters, or anhydrides thereof
- C07C309/01—Sulfonic acids
- C07C309/02—Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C309/03—Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton
- C07C309/07—Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton containing oxygen atoms bound to the carbon skeleton
- C07C309/09—Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton containing oxygen atoms bound to the carbon skeleton containing etherified hydroxy groups bound to the carbon skeleton
- C07C309/10—Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton containing oxygen atoms bound to the carbon skeleton containing etherified hydroxy groups bound to the carbon skeleton with the oxygen atom of at least one of the etherified hydroxy groups further bound to an acyclic carbon atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F218/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid or of a haloformic acid
- C08F218/02—Esters of monocarboxylic acids
- C08F218/04—Vinyl esters
- C08F218/08—Vinyl acetate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F220/16—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms
- C08F220/18—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms with acrylic or methacrylic acids
- C08F220/1804—C4-(meth)acrylate, e.g. butyl (meth)acrylate, isobutyl (meth)acrylate or tert-butyl (meth)acrylate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F220/16—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms
- C08F220/18—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms with acrylic or methacrylic acids
- C08F220/1808—C8-(meth)acrylate, e.g. isooctyl (meth)acrylate or 2-ethylhexyl (meth)acrylate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/36—Sulfur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds
- C08K5/41—Compounds containing sulfur bound to oxygen
- C08K5/42—Sulfonic acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/12—Polymerisation in non-solvents
- C08F2/16—Aqueous medium
- C08F2/22—Emulsion polymerisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F20/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride, ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/36—Sulfur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds
- C08K5/41—Compounds containing sulfur bound to oxygen
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
- Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Polyethers (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201161526958P | 2011-08-24 | 2011-08-24 | |
| US61/526,958 | 2011-08-24 | ||
| PCT/US2012/052212 WO2013028950A1 (en) | 2011-08-24 | 2012-08-24 | Extended surfactant for emulsion polymerization |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| KR20140085432A KR20140085432A (ko) | 2014-07-07 |
| KR101927789B1 true KR101927789B1 (ko) | 2018-12-12 |
Family
ID=47746890
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1020147007741A Active KR101927789B1 (ko) | 2011-08-24 | 2012-08-24 | 에멀젼 중합을 위한 연장된 계면활성제 |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9376509B2 (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP2748249B1 (enExample) |
| JP (2) | JP6534812B2 (enExample) |
| KR (1) | KR101927789B1 (enExample) |
| CN (1) | CN103906804A (enExample) |
| BR (1) | BR112014004105B1 (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA2846199C (enExample) |
| ES (1) | ES2739185T3 (enExample) |
| MX (1) | MX357130B (enExample) |
| PL (1) | PL2748249T3 (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO2013028950A1 (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013028950A1 (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2013-02-28 | Sasol North America, Inc. | Extended surfactant for emulsion polymerization |
| WO2018053738A1 (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2018-03-29 | Rhodia Operations | Anionic surfactant and use thereof |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5778936A (en) * | 1980-11-04 | 1982-05-17 | Kao Corp | Surfactant for polymer emulsion |
| JP3025763B1 (ja) * | 1999-03-04 | 2000-03-27 | 花王株式会社 | 乳化重合用界面活性剤組成物 |
| EP1318157B1 (en) * | 2000-09-11 | 2006-03-01 | Kao Corporation | Surfactant for emulsion polymerization |
| JP2003342304A (ja) * | 2002-05-30 | 2003-12-03 | New Japan Chem Co Ltd | 重合用乳化剤 |
| DE102004007152A1 (de) | 2004-02-12 | 2005-08-25 | Basf Ag | Alkylethersulfate |
| JP5281278B2 (ja) * | 2007-12-11 | 2013-09-04 | 花王株式会社 | 乳化重合用界面活性剤組成物 |
| JP5455483B2 (ja) | 2009-07-17 | 2014-03-26 | 花王株式会社 | 洗浄剤組成物 |
| WO2012036700A1 (en) * | 2010-09-17 | 2012-03-22 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Laundry composition for treatment of sunscreen stains based on extended chain surfactants |
| WO2013028950A1 (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2013-02-28 | Sasol North America, Inc. | Extended surfactant for emulsion polymerization |
-
2012
- 2012-08-24 WO PCT/US2012/052212 patent/WO2013028950A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2012-08-24 CN CN201280052298.XA patent/CN103906804A/zh active Pending
- 2012-08-24 MX MX2014002048A patent/MX357130B/es active IP Right Grant
- 2012-08-24 PL PL12825171T patent/PL2748249T3/pl unknown
- 2012-08-24 US US14/239,478 patent/US9376509B2/en active Active
- 2012-08-24 KR KR1020147007741A patent/KR101927789B1/ko active Active
- 2012-08-24 JP JP2014527320A patent/JP6534812B2/ja active Active
- 2012-08-24 ES ES12825171T patent/ES2739185T3/es active Active
- 2012-08-24 CA CA2846199A patent/CA2846199C/en active Active
- 2012-08-24 BR BR112014004105-9A patent/BR112014004105B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2012-08-24 EP EP12825171.7A patent/EP2748249B1/en active Active
-
2018
- 2018-03-29 JP JP2018064560A patent/JP6662937B2/ja active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| MX2014002048A (es) | 2015-03-03 |
| BR112014004105B1 (pt) | 2020-09-15 |
| JP6534812B2 (ja) | 2019-06-26 |
| EP2748249B1 (en) | 2019-05-15 |
| JP2014529657A (ja) | 2014-11-13 |
| US9376509B2 (en) | 2016-06-28 |
| CA2846199C (en) | 2022-06-21 |
| MX357130B (es) | 2018-06-27 |
| EP2748249A4 (en) | 2015-04-29 |
| KR20140085432A (ko) | 2014-07-07 |
| WO2013028950A1 (en) | 2013-02-28 |
| ES2739185T3 (es) | 2020-01-29 |
| PL2748249T3 (pl) | 2020-01-31 |
| EP2748249A1 (en) | 2014-07-02 |
| CN103906804A (zh) | 2014-07-02 |
| BR112014004105A2 (pt) | 2017-06-06 |
| CA2846199A1 (en) | 2013-02-28 |
| JP6662937B2 (ja) | 2020-03-11 |
| US20140228530A1 (en) | 2014-08-14 |
| JP2018138657A (ja) | 2018-09-06 |
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Patent event date: 20140324 Patent event code: PA01051R01D Comment text: International Patent Application |
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| PG1501 | Laying open of application | ||
| A201 | Request for examination | ||
| PA0201 | Request for examination |
Patent event code: PA02012R01D Patent event date: 20170824 Comment text: Request for Examination of Application |
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