KR101821549B1 - Composition of formulated diets comprising solanine - Google Patents
Composition of formulated diets comprising solanine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR101821549B1 KR101821549B1 KR1020150149576A KR20150149576A KR101821549B1 KR 101821549 B1 KR101821549 B1 KR 101821549B1 KR 1020150149576 A KR1020150149576 A KR 1020150149576A KR 20150149576 A KR20150149576 A KR 20150149576A KR 101821549 B1 KR101821549 B1 KR 101821549B1
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- rumen
- feed
- solanine
- animal
- potato
- Prior art date
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- ZGVSETXHNHBTRK-OTYSSXIJSA-N solanine Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]([C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O1)O)O[C@@H]1CC2=CC[C@H]3[C@@H]4C[C@@H]5N6C[C@@H](C)CC[C@@H]6[C@H]([C@@H]5[C@@]4(C)CC[C@@H]3[C@@]2(C)CC1)C)[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O ZGVSETXHNHBTRK-OTYSSXIJSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/35—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from potatoes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2250/00—Food ingredients
- A23V2250/20—Natural extracts
- A23V2250/21—Plant extracts
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- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a feed additive composition containing solanine, which is a kind of toxic alkaloid derived from the ground portion of potato, showing the effect of improving the weight of a rumen animal, and a method of mixing the composition with a compound feed, The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a rumen, a method for manufacturing the rumen, a feed for improving the rumen of the rumen produced by the method, and a method for breeding rumen using the feed. When ruminant animals are fed using the feed composition of the present invention, the amount of the fat is not increased while the amount of the muscle is increased while the animal is not toxic to the rumen animal. Therefore, It can be widely used for breeding rumen.
Description
The present invention relates to a feed additive composition containing solanine, and more particularly, to a feed additive composition containing solanine, which is a kind of toxic alkaloid derived from potato ground, and showing the effect of improving the weight of rumen, , A method for preparing a feed for improving the rumen of a rumen animal, a feed for improving the rumen of the rumen produced by the method, and a method for breeding rumen using the feed.
Since livestock and their products are an important source of proteins that humans need to survive, efforts have been made to improve the efficiency of raising livestock. In order to improve the efficiency of breeding of these livestock, the most studied part is feed. When grazing, which is a traditional breeding method of livestock, grasses produced mainly in grassland were used as feed. However, as the productivity of agriculture increased, the crops produced by the farmers or their by-products were used as feeds, mainly using soybean meal, sesame seeds, pulses, rice straw, corn, peanuts, peas, sugar beets and pulp. In addition, animal-derived components such as animal powder, fish meal powder and the like are additionally supplied to supplement protein and fat components that are difficult to supply from crops. In recent years, compound feeds that additionally contain amino acids, inorganic dyes, vitamins, antibiotics, enzymes, and the like to conventional feed components are generally used.
Especially, in case of Hanwoo, it is treated as a supply source of high quality beef in Korea, and researches for increasing its quality are actively conducted. In recent years, various studies have been carried out to improve the cultivars of scientific Hanwoo. For example, in Korean Patent Publication No. 2010-0125907, meat color, texture, backfat a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) marker in the FASN (fatty acid synthase) gene useful for determining the thickness or the quantity index of the liver, a method for determining the quality of the liver and the kidney using the marker, Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2013-0123751 discloses a kit for judging the texture, the back layer thickness, or the fat index, and Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2013-0123751 discloses a method for determining the number of implantable embryos by inducing over- Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2013-0090395 discloses a method for diagnosing Korean beef cattle (SNP) markers, Method and the test kit is disclosed.
However, even in the case of the modified breed of Hanwoo, the meat quality and the weight of the Hanwoo are changed according to the breeding condition. Therefore, development of feeds for breeding excellent Hanwoo is also actively proceeding. For example, Korean Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2013-0032486 discloses a cattle feed composition for cattle, including sawdust, rice bran, wheat bran, sorghum, bean curd, confectionery foil, crushed corn, trace elements, salt and fermentation agent. However, since the feed developed so far has the effect of improving the whole meat weight and meat quality of the Hanwoo, it has an effect of increasing the fat as well as muscles directly involved in the meat weight, There was a disadvantage.
Under these circumstances, the inventors of the present invention have found that, in order to develop a compounded feed which can increase the muscle mass of a Korean beef cattle and increase the fat content without increasing the fat content, the inventors have found that a toxic alkaloid The present inventors completed the present invention by confirming that the use of a feed containing salinin does not increase toxicity in ruminal animals including Hanwoo, increases muscle mass and does not increase fat content.
One object of the present invention is to provide a feed additive composition including a solanine, which exhibits an effect of increasing the amount of a rumen animal.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a feed for increasing the amount of a rumen animal comprising the feed composition.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a method for preparing a feed for raising the rumen.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a method of breeding rumen animals comprising feeding said feed to rumen.
The present inventors paid attention to alkaloids while carrying out various studies to develop compounded feeds which can increase the muscle mass of Hanwoo and increase the fat content without increasing the fat content. The alkaloid means a nitrogen-containing basic organic compound mainly derived from plants, and it is known that it can exhibit a strong physiological effect specific to animals. Therefore, it is expected that a kind of the above-mentioned alkaloids may increase the muscle mass of the Hanwoo specimens. As a result of studying the suitable alkaloids, it has been found that the solanine contained in the potato ground portion can specifically increase the muscle mass of the Hanwoo Respectively.
The above-mentioned solanine is known to exhibit toxicity that causes food poisoning when an animal feeds on it. At present, the above-mentioned potato ground part including solanine or the above-mentioned solanine is not used at all as a food as well as a food. However, the inventors of the present invention not only found that the above-mentioned solanine or the potato ground portion containing the same could be digested by a ruminal animal such as a Hanwoo to use the rumen to digest the solanine without exhibiting the toxicity of the solanin, It is the first time that we have found that the characteristics of fattening beef, which has increased muscle mass at the placenta, are not affected much by the development of adipocytes.
Therefore, it was found that potato ground or solanine could be used as an effective ingredient of a feed additive which can increase the amount of rumen.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a composition for feed addition, comprising solanine as one embodiment and used for breeding rumen.
The term "solanine " of the present invention means a Solanum alkaloid glycoside compound which is contained in potato or tomato and has a high water solubility. Usually,? -Solanine (C 45 H 73 NO 15 , MW = 868 Da) ,? -solanine (C 39 H 63 NO 11 , MW = 722) and γ-solanine (C 33 H 53 NO 6 , MW = 560). The above-mentioned solanine is a natural toxic compound expressed in the green part of the potato as the tea koinin, and is known to cause food poisoning in humans.
In the present invention, the solanin is derived from the potato ground part, can be digested without showing toxicity by the rumen in the rumen, and the digested solanine promotes the development of the muscle tissue of the rumen animal, while the adipocyte has a special effect , Resulting in the effect of increasing the net mass of the rumen. Therefore, the potato ground portion including the solanine or the solanine can be used as an active ingredient of the feed additive composition provided in the present invention. For example, in the present invention, a feed additive composition containing alpha -solanin derived from a potato ground portion was prepared and its effect was verified.
The term " above-ground potato "as used herein means a part of the upper part of the root of the root produced by cultivating potatoes. The term " above-ground potato " means potato sprouts, Stem, and leaf portions, respectively, individually or collectively. The potato ground portion was not used as an edible or feed additive including toxic alkaloids such as solanine which could induce food poisoning. However, when fed to rumen animals, rumen is used to prevent the toxicity of the solanine . In addition, the potato ground portion can exhibit the effect of increasing the amount of the rumen animal due to the contained solanine.
The term "rumen animal" of the present invention means an animal having rumen among the animals belonging to the right title. The above titles are largely classified into nine (wild boar, wild boar, hippopotamus, camel, deer, deer, giraffe, , Deer (reindeer, reindeer, deer, elk, elk, moose), giraffe (giraffe or okapi), and cattle (cattle, Animals such as cows, yaks, buffalo, buffalo, impalas, gaurs, buffalo, goats, sheep, goats, nutrition, etc. can be called rumen.
In the present invention, since the rumen does not exhibit the toxicity of the solanine using the rumen, but can digest and increase the amount of the rumen, the animal feed supplemented with the feed composition of the present invention It can be a target animal that can be fed by feeding. For example, in the present invention, feeding of a feed containing solanin to Hanwoo, one of rumen animals, confirmed that the feed can be increased without toxicity.
The term "rumen" of the present invention means a special digestive tract that can be found in some animals of the right title, and refers to a gastrointestinal tract consisting of four chambers such as nodule, beehive, It is called rumigiri, and it is called rumen because it is the stomach which enables to swallow the once swallowed food, and to swallow it after chewing well and swallow it. In the rumen, the microorganisms are symbiotic, so that it is possible to decompose the cellulose of a plant in which general animals can not digest or absorb it without showing the toxicity of the solanine.
The term " feed additive composition "of the present invention means a substance that can be used as a feed itself or added to a feed to improve the productivity or health of a rumen.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the dry powder, hot water extract or ethanol extract of the ground portion of the potato was prepared and the contents of the alkaloid (chaconine and solanine) contained therein were compared. As a result, (Table 1). As a result of feeding the compound feed containing the dry powder of potato ground portion to Hanwoo which is a type of rumen animal, it was found that the dry powder of the egg yolk portion containing similar alkaloids And it was confirmed that the alkaloids contained in the alkaloids were digested within 8 hours after ingestion (Fig. 1B). As shown in Fig. 1a and 1b). Then, as a result of examining the effect of the alkaloid, which is one of the alkaloids, on the increase in the weight of the Korean beef cattle, the characteristics of the beef cattle having increased muscle mass at the beef cattle region were revealed by the feeding of the solanine, (Table 2a, Table 2b, Fig. 2, Fig. 3a, and Fig. 3b), but did not have any particular effect on adipocyte development (Table 3a, Table 3b, Fig. 4a and Fig. 4b).
Therefore, the potato ground portion or the solanine can be used as an active ingredient of a feed additive capable of increasing the feed of rumen animal, and can be used for the production of conventional compound feed, fermented feed, fermentation feed, and the like.
The composition for feed addition of the present invention may further comprise an excipient and a diluent which can be used for the production of feed. The excipients and diluents include lactose, dextrose, sucrose, sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol, erythritol, maltitol, starch, acacia rubber, alginate, gelatin, calcium phosphate, calcium silicate, cellulose, methylcellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, Polyvinylpyrrolidone, water, methylhydroxybenzoate, propylhydroxybenzoate, talc, magnesium stearate, mineral oil, stevia extract and natural material extract.
In addition, the feed composition of the present invention can be used not only for the above-mentioned potato ground or solanine, but also for the growth of rumen animals as well as nucleotides, enzymes and trace components necessary for the complete supply of essential nutrients necessary for productivity or health promotion of rumen It may further include an auxiliary microorganism. For example, as nucleotides, 5'-adenylic acid, xanthic acid, ribonucleic acid, and deoxyribonucleic acid can be used alone or in combination; Examples of the enzymes include arabinase, arabinofuranosidase, galactanase, pectinase, maltase, invertase, lipase, ) May be used alone or in combination; As trace constituents, amino acid, calcium, phosphoric acid, organic acid, etc. may be used alone or in combination; Examples of the microorganism include Leuconostoc sp. Strain, Weisella sp. Strain, Enterococcus sp. Strain, Streptomyces sp. Strain, Nocardia sp. Nocardia sp.) May be used alone or in combination.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a feed for increasing the amount of a rumen animal, a method for manufacturing the feed, and a method for raising a rumen using the feed. In this case, the method for preparing the feed for raising the rumen includes the step of adding the composition for feed addition to the raw feed, and the method for raising the rumen includes feeding the feed to the rumen.
As described above, the potato ground or the solanine provided by the present invention not only digests all without specific toxicity when fed to a rumen animal, but also promotes the development of muscle tissue of a rumen animal, while having a special effect on adipocytes Therefore, feeds containing this can show the effect of increasing the amount of rumen.
The term "feed " of the present invention refers to any natural or artificial formula, single meal, or the like ingredient mentioned above for eating, ingesting, digesting, or suitable for rumen.
In the present invention, the feed can be interpreted as a feed for ruminant animals prepared by adding a feed additive composition containing a potato ground portion or a solanine to an ordinary feedstuff, and the feed is effective for increasing the feed of rumen Lt; / RTI >
The term "raw material feed" of the present invention means a feed to which the feed composition is added.
In the present invention, the raw feed is not particularly limited as long as the feed additive is added to increase the amount of the rumen animal. For example, rice, fermented soybean meal, soybean, , Rye, rice straw, corn, wheat bran, rice bran, sugar beet, etc., alone or in combination, and these main components may be included in an appropriate range commonly used for ruminant animal feedstuffs have.
The term "compounded feed " of the present invention refers to a feed made by mixing ruminants in such a manner as to provide an even supply of nutrients suitable for the purpose of raising ruminants. The compound feeds include energy, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals And other nutrients. When making compound feeds, it is necessary to have a proper amount of solid matter (solid matter) in order to enhance the appetite of rumen animal and to promote the normal action of digestive organs in nutrition aspect. It should contain adequate amounts of protein to maintain the body's normal temperature and maintain normal body temperature, as well as other minerals and vitamins such as calcium and phosphorus.
On the other hand, the content of the feed additive composition contained in the feed is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 0.01 to 10% (w / w) based on the final weight of the feed, % (w / w), and as another example 1% (w / w).
In addition to the above-mentioned main ingredients, the feeds may contain plasma proteins, fish meal, whey, complex dairy, soybean oil, amino acid premix, acidic premix, red ginseng, salt, vitamin-mineral mixture and the like, which may be contained in conventional ruminant animal- Alone or in combination.
When ruminant animals are fed using the feed composition of the present invention, the amount of the fat is not increased while the amount of the muscle is increased while the animal is not toxic to the rumen animal. Therefore, It can be widely used for breeding rumen.
FIG. 1A is a graph showing the change of the disappearance rate of the building with the elapse of the digestion time after feeding of the feed containing the dry powder of the potato ground portion, the dry powder of the potato, or zilmax. (1) represents a Hanwoo feed containing dry powder of ground potatoes, and () represents a Hanwoo feed containing zilmax, which is known as an additive for weight gain.
FIG. 1B is a graph showing the change in the digestibility of alkaloid contained in the dry powder of the potato ground portion with the elapse of the digestion time after feeding of the feed containing the dry powder in the potato ground portion, wherein () indicates the digestibility of the total alkaloid () Indicates the digestibility of the solanine, and () indicates the digestibility of the carbohydrate.
2 is a photomicrograph showing the morphological changes of muscle cells according to the treatment concentration of solanine.
FIG. 3A is a graph showing changes in the expression level of the MHC1 gene according to the treatment concentration of solanine upon differentiation of muscle satellite cells derived from the occipital region SM or the LDC region. The center represents the loin region (LD), and the right side shows the result of comparison between the plaques and the sirloin.
FIG. 3B is a graph showing a change in the expression level of the MHC2X gene according to the treatment concentration of solanine upon differentiation of muscle satellite cells derived from the avalanche region (SM) or the loin region (LD) The center represents the loin region (LD), and the right side shows the result of comparison between the plaques and the sirloin.
FIG. 4A is a graph showing changes in the expression level of PPARr gene according to the treatment concentration of solanin when differentiation of adipose stem cells derived from subcutaneous fat (SC) tissue or abdominal fat (PR) (SC) and abdominal fat (PR) tissues in the right side of the abdomen.
FIG. 4B is a graph showing changes in the expression level of SCD gene according to treatment concentration of solanine when differentiation of adipose stem cells derived from subcutaneous fat (SC) tissue or abdominal fat (PR) (SC) and abdominal fat (PR) tissues in the right side of the abdomen.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. However, these examples are for illustrative purposes only, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Example 1: Production of Hanwoo Feeding Including Ground Potato
Dried powder of the potato ground part, hot water extract of the potato ground part or ethanol extract of the ground part of the potato were respectively obtained, and a Hanwoo feed containing the same was prepared.
Example 1-1: Acquisition of dry powder of ground potato
The washed potato ground part was cut to a predetermined size, dried, and then ground on the dried potato ground part to obtain a dry powder of potato ground part.
Example 1-2: Potato ground Of hot-water extract purchase
110 kg of water was added to 11 kg of the ground portion of the washed potatoes, and the mixture was subjected to hot extraction at 100 ° C for 4 hours. Heating was stopped and left overnight. Then, the extract was filtered to obtain a liquid component, and the obtained liquid component was concentrated, dried and crushed to obtain a hot-water extract of the potato ground portion.
Example 1-3: Acquisition of ethanol extract from potato ground
110 kg of ethanol was added to 11 kg of the ground portion of the washed potato, and the mixture was heated and extracted at 80 DEG C for 4 hours. Heating was stopped and left overnight. Then, the extract was filtered to obtain a liquid component, and the ethanol component was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain an ethanol extract. The solvent component of the obtained ethanol extract was replaced with water, lyophilized and then pulverized to obtain a lyophilized product of the ethanol extract .
Example 1-4: Potato ground Hot water extract And Analysis of Alkaloid Components in Ethanol Extracts
The content of α-chaconine and α-solanine in the alkaloid components contained in the dry powder, hot water extract, ethanol extract or ethanol extract of the potato ground portion obtained above was analyzed . At this time, the dry powder of the potato ground portion was measured using its 5% (v / v) acetic acid extract or ethanol extract (Table 1). At this time, the content of tea kaninin or solanine measured was expressed in terms of the content (mg) per unit weight (g) of the dry powder or each extract used.
Dry Powder - Ethanol Extract
Hot water extract
Ethanol extract
Ethanol extract freeze-dried
1.75 + - 0.70
1.69 ± 0.34
0.43 + 0.02
7.31 ± 1.69
0.47 ± 0.20
0.54 + - 0.12
0.09 ± 0.01
2.39 + - 0.42
2.22
2.23
0.52
9.7
As shown in Table 1 above, it was confirmed that the lyophilized product of the ethanol extract on the ground of the potato contains the highest level of carbohydrate and solanine. However, the content of alkaloid contained in the ethanol extract is based on the extract, Since the content of alkaloid contained is based on dry powder, the total amount of alkaloids was found to be the highest level when dry powder of potato ground was used.
Example 1-5: Analysis of digestibility of Hanwoo feed including potato ground
According to the results obtained in Example 1-4, dry powder of ground potato was mixed with compound feed (dominant feed, CP12%, TDN 74%) to prepare a cow feed, and a large number Of the nylon bag was put on the first of the Hanwoo through a cannula and after the lapse of 0, 4, 8, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48 or 72 hours, the charged nylon bags were collected one by one, After that, the dried powder was measured to calculate the disappearance rate of the building with the elapse of the digestion time (FIG. 1A). At this time, as a comparative group, a dry powder of the ground or a feed containing zilmax, which is a feed additive, was fed in place of the dry powder of potato ground.
FIG. 1A is a graph showing a change in the disappearance rate of the building with the elapsed time after digestion of feed containing the dry powder of the potato ground portion, dry powder of the potato, or zilmax, wherein (▲) (1) represents a Hanwoo feed containing dry powder of ground potatoes, and () represents a Hanwoo feed containing zilmax, which is known as an additive for weight gain.
As shown in FIG. 1A, the feed containing the dry powder of the ground portion of the potato exhibited a relatively high level of the rate of disappearance of the structure compared with the Hanwoo feedstuff including the ground portion, and the Hanwoo feed containing zilmax And it was confirmed that they showed similar level.
On the other hand, the feed components contained in each of the recovered nylon bags were subjected to HPLC to determine residual amounts of α-chaconine and α-solanine (FIG. 1B), which are alkaloids.
FIG. 1B is a graph showing the change in the digestibility of alkaloid contained in the dry powder of the potato ground portion with the elapse of the digestion time after feeding of the feed containing the dry powder in the potato ground portion, wherein () indicates the digestibility of the total alkaloid () Indicates the digestibility of the solanine, and () indicates the digestibility of the carbohydrate.
As shown in FIG. 1B, most of the alkaloids contained in the dry powder of the ground portion of the potato were mostly digested within 8 hours after feeding.
Although the toxic alkaloids such as chaconin and solanine contained in the potato ground are not digested and consumed by humans, they are known to exhibit toxicity such as food poisoning. However, when ruminants such as Hanwoo are consumed, rumen is used, And it can be extinguished without showing.
Example 2: Muscle cell Effect of Solanine on Differentiation
In Example 1-5, we tried to determine the effect of solanine, one of the alkaloids on the potato ground, which can be digested by Hanwoo, on the muscle cells of Hanwoo.
Example 2-1: Sirloin and Athletic muscle tissue origin Of muscle satellite cells purchase
Muscle tissues extracted from the LD or SM of Hanwoo were immersed in PBS containing 3% (w / v) albumin and then sieved to obtain muscle samples. Protein hydrolase, 3% (w / v) albumin and EBSS (Earle's Balanced Salts Solution) were added to the obtained muscle samples and reacted with stirring for 1 hour. After the reaction was completed, the reaction was centrifuged (3000 rpm and 4 minutes) and a precipitate was obtained. PBS containing 1% (w / v) albumin was added to the obtained precipitate, stirred, and centrifuged (1700 rpm and 10 minutes) to obtain a supernatant. The obtained supernatant was centrifuged again (3000 rpm and 10 minutes) to obtain a precipitate containing cells. To the precipitate was added DMEM medium containing 10% FBS and suspended to obtain muscle satellite cells.
Example 2-2: Of muscle satellite cells Induction of differentiation and validation of the effect of solanine
The obtained muscle satellite cells were cultured in a DMEM medium containing 10% FBS, and then the medium was replaced with DMEM medium containing 3% HS (Horse serum) and then cultured to induce differentiation of muscle satellite cells. At this time, in order to examine the effect of the solanine on the differentiation of muscle satellite cells, various concentrations (0, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1 or 10 μM) of the solanine were treated at the differentiation of the muscle satellite cells, (MHC1, MHC2X, GLUT4, GPR43, myogenin and? 2AR) expressed in the muscle cells (Table 2, Table 2) Table 3, Figures 3a and 3b).
gene
MHC2X
GLUT4
GPR43
Maiojenin
β2AR
60.03
0.68
2.76
0.26
0.78
219.27
0.84
2.13
0.26
0.82
128.53
0.95
8.87
0.26
0.8
325.28
1.05
29.46
0.43
0.88
526.67
0.86
4.22
0.48
1.04
7.06
0.2
18.21
0.1
0.58
gene
MHC2X
GLUT4
GPR43
Maiojenin
β2AR
3.85
0.59
1.47
0.55
0.7
9.43
0.88
3.45
0.38
0.51
55.38
0.6
1.57
0.37
0.7
55.94
1.09
8.54
0.33
0.62
184.75
1.23
2.7
0.28
0.7
22.58
0.8
17.02
0.15
0.62
2 is a photomicrograph showing the morphological changes of muscle cells according to the treatment concentration of solanine.
FIG. 3A is a graph showing changes in the expression level of the MHC1 gene according to the treatment concentration of solanine upon differentiation of muscle satellite cells derived from the occipital region SM or the LDC region. The center represents the loin region (LD), and the right side shows the result of comparison between the plaques and the sirloin.
FIG. 3B is a graph showing a change in the expression level of the MHC2X gene according to the treatment concentration of solanine upon differentiation of muscle satellite cells derived from the avalanche region (SM) or the loin region (LD) The center represents the loin region (LD), and the right side shows the result of comparison between the plaques and the sirloin.
As shown in Tables 2, 3, 2, 3A, and 3B, as the concentration of treatment with solanine increases, muscle cells differentiated from muscle satellite cells derived from the SM and LD regions The expression level of the MHC2X gene, which is a marker of the white muscle constituting the skeletal muscle, was increased. However, when the treatment was performed at an excessive level (10 μM), the expression level of the gene was confirmed to be decreased. In particular, the expression level of the MHC2X gene was significantly increased by treatment with solanine at the SM site rather than at the LD site, indicating that the characteristics of the beef cattle, Respectively.
From the above results, it was found that the effect of the solanine on the growth of muscular tissues and the increase in the amount of meat was demonstrated.
Example 3: Effect of Solanin on Differentiation of Adipocytes
Example 3-1: Subcutaneous or Abdominal fat tissue Obtain Derived Lipid Stem Cells
The adipose tissue extracted from subcutaneous or abdominal adipose tissue was immersed in PBS containing 3% (w / v) albumin and then sieved to obtain a fat tissue sample. Collagenase, 3% (w / v) albumin, and DMEM medium were added to the obtained fat tissue samples and reacted for 10 minutes with stirring for 1 hour. The reaction product was centrifuged (1500 rpm and 5 minutes) to obtain a precipitate. DMEM medium containing 10% FBS was added to the obtained precipitate and suspended to obtain adipose stem cells.
Example 3-2: Induction of differentiation of adipose stem cells and the effect of solanine
The obtained adipose stem cells were cultured in DMEM medium containing 10% FBS, and then the medium was replaced with DMEM medium containing 5% FBS and adipocyte differentiation inducing cocktail (insulin, dexamethasone, sagglitizone and oleic acid) Then, differentiation of adipose stem cells was induced by culturing. At this time, in order to examine the effect of the solanine on the adipocyte differentiation, various kinds of treatments (0, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1 or 10 μM) of the solanin were performed at the differentiation of the adipocytes, (MHC1, MHC2X, GLUT4, GPR43, myozenine, and? 2AR) expressed in the adipocytes according to the present invention (Table 4, Table 5, Figs. 4A and 4B).
gene
PPARr
SCD
0.43
49.78
2.23
77.61
0.92
28.47
0.68
14.97
0.41
14.2
0.29
43.31
gene
PPARr
SCD
1.22
0.59
1.56
0.62
1.38
0.76
1.47
0.86
2.74
0.95
16.06
0.49
FIG. 4A is a graph showing changes in the expression level of PPARr gene according to the treatment concentration of solanin when differentiation of adipose stem cells derived from subcutaneous fat (SC) tissue or abdominal fat (PR) (SC) and abdominal fat (PR) tissues in the right side of the abdomen.
FIG. 4B is a graph showing changes in the expression level of SCD gene according to the treatment concentration of solanine when differentiation of adipose stem cells derived from subcutaneous fat (SC) tissue or abdominal fat (PR) (SC) and abdominal fat (PR) tissues in the right side of the abdomen.
As shown in Tables 4, 5, 4A, and 4B, as the treatment concentration of the solanine increased, no gene with significantly increased expression level was identified.
From the above results, it can be seen that the treatment of the solanine does not have any particular effect on the development of adipocytes.
The results of Examples 1 to 3 indicate that dry powder of potato lower portion containing alkaloids such as tea ginseng or solanine can be used as a feed additive for Korean cattle, It is possible to use as an active ingredient of a feed additive capable of increasing the weight of the Korean beef cattle starch or solanine since it has an effect of increasing the weight of the beef cattle, .
Claims (11)
Wherein said rumen is capable of digesting solanine using rumen.
Wherein said rumen is a bovine animal.
Wherein the bovine animal is a cow, a cow, a yak, a buffalo, a buffalo, an impala, a gauge, a buffalo, a goat, a sheep, a goat or an antelope.
Wherein the solanine is a-solanine.
Wherein the feedstuff is a feed comprising feedstuffs selected from the group consisting of rice, fermented soybean meal, soybean, Italian grass, Sudan grass, rye, rice straw, corn, wheat bran, rice bran, .
Wherein the content of said composition is 0.01 to 10% (w / w) based on the final weight of the feed.
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