KR101657290B1

KR101657290B1 - The antipollution equipment of aquaculture

Info

Publication number: KR101657290B1
Application number: KR1020130123675A
Authority: KR
Inventors: 양병곤
Original assignee: 양병곤
Priority date: 2013-10-17
Filing date: 2013-10-17
Publication date: 2016-09-13
Also published as: KR20150044528A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a surface protection film which is formed in a round or square shape to prevent red tide and suspended matter from entering into a farm site and is connected to the structure floating foam at an upper side and spaced apart from the inside or outside of the net, An air supply unit configured to supply air sucked from the outside of the farm in order to float the pollutants introduced into the farm into the sea surface; An air transfer pipe installed at a lower portion of the farm to supply the air supplied through the supply portion to the bottom of the farm; an air transfer pipe provided at the end of the air transfer pipe adjacent to the bottom surface contamination prevention film; And air bubble supplying means provided with an air bubble generating portion The present invention relates to a farm antifouling apparatus according to claim.

Description

The antipollution equipment of aquaculture

The present invention relates to a device for preventing contamination of a farm, and more particularly, to a device for preventing contamination due to inflow of red tide and contaminants into a cage farm by allowing the bottom surface of pollution prevention means installed inside or outside the cage farm to be opened or closed. And to a device for preventing contamination of aquaculture site.

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In the present invention, a pollution prevention film is provided on a certain space of water to block the inflow of floating matters, floating creatures, and oil bands moving near the surface of the water, and air bubbles are floated by using a piping facility of a certain depth, It is possible to prevent damage to the red tide and pollutants by removing the residual contaminants inside.

Conventional caged fish farms cultivated fish and shellfish by installing nets on the four sides and bottom of the floating foam except for the direction toward the sky.

This structure is able to move seafood inside and outside the net, and water can freely move inside and outside the net. Such cage culture has contributed much to income increase, but damage is often caused by unexpected red tide or disasters.

In particular, the National Fisheries Research and Development Institute's Information on the Cochrane Collection (2009), which causes red tide damage, has the following characteristics.

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Size: 30 ~ 40㎛ in length, 4 ~ 8 ~ 130 ~ 320㎛ when making a colony

Cells: Single, multimodal, mucus-containing seafood and asphyxia

Growth rate: multiply at 1.3 to 1.8 days

Optimum growth: water temperature 24 ~ 26 ℃, salinity 3.2 ~ 3.3%

During the daytime, around 10 o'clock in the morning, the photosynthetic flotation (within 4 m) occurs to the surface layer, so it exists at a high density. Since the amount of oxygen generated by the amount of respiration and photosynthesis is similar, there is little change in the amount of dissolved oxygen. Distributed.

According to the data of the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries, it is said that when the red density is less than 3,000 cells / ㎖, almost no death occurs within 48 hours.

In order to reduce such damage, red loess is sprayed on the red tide area and oil tester is used for the oil leaks. However, since the damage is wide and the work is done after it is done, it consumes many manpower and expenses.

In order to prevent damage to the cage farm, the Korean registered utility model 381210 'Cage aquaculture prevention apparatus' is used to supply compressed air to the cells of the farm at a constant pressure to each cell below the sea level And a device for preventing red tide by circulating water by injecting air into the water with a bubble generating nozzle and increasing the amount of dissolved oxygen was devised.

The above-described conventional utility model techniques are capable of preventing the red tide from being damaged by increasing the dissolved oxygen amount by injecting air and water into the surface water surface below the sea surface and pushing the red tide creatures in the surface layer to the outside of the cage net, There is a cost burden to operate the equipment for a long time in order to maintain the dissolved oxygen amount and the inflow into the farm.

In addition, Korean Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-0091669 discloses a device for preventing a red tide from penetrating into the inside of a farm by laying a small membrane having a small pore on the circumference of a net of a cage farm through a red tide blocking device of a cage farm. .

However, the barrier film having micropores according to the disclosed patent has a problem that the production cost is higher than that of the general anti-pollution film due to the difficult manufacturing method.

In addition, micropores having micropores often clog micropores due to suspended solids and red tides, resulting in additional costs for maintaining and repairing the micropores.

Here, although the micropore is not formed in the general pollution prevention film, it has a feature of being strong in corrosion and strength and being available at low cost.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide pollution prevention means to prevent suspended matter and suspended matter on the surface water surface portion from flowing into the farm, The present invention provides a device for preventing pollution of aquaculture in a farm by preventing inflow of red tide creatures to the inside of the farm when the red tide creatures float vertically through the pollution prevention film to lower the red tide density.

Also, the present invention provides a device for preventing pollution of aquaculture by allowing air bubbles to be generated through an air bubble supplying means provided inside or outside of the bottom surface contamination preventing film, thereby floating the floating bubbles by the attraction force by the surface tension of the air bubbles have.
In addition, there is provided a shading membrane for preventing light from entering the farm and the sea surface corresponding to the pollution prevention means installed in the farm, and the photosynthesis of phytoplankton and red algae is suppressed through the shading film, Which is capable of reducing the factors required for the aquaculture.

It is also possible to provide a device for preventing pollution of aquaculture which can easily perform maintenance and repair as well as easy installation and demolition by predicting natural disasters such as a time of occurrence of pollution and a typhoon.

In order to accomplish the above object, the present invention provides a method for preventing red tide and suspended matter from flowing into a farm, comprising the steps of forming a circular or square shape and being connected to an upper side of a structure floating foam, And a bottom surface pollution prevention layer provided on the bottom of the side surface pollution prevention layer to open and close the pollution prevention layer. And an air bubble generating unit coupled to an end of the air transfer pipe at an inner side or an outer side of the bottom side contamination preventing film to generate air bubbles And air bubble supplying means.

Here, the bottom surface contamination prevention film is divided into two types, and the separated both sides are connected to the lower end portions of both sides of the side surface contamination prevention film through hinges, respectively. .
In addition, the farm may further include an ornamental closure to block the photosynthesis action of red tide and phytoplankton by closing the top surface provided with the network and the pollution prevention means.

As described above, the apparatus for preventing pollution of aquaculture according to the present invention prevents floats and floating matters on the surface water surface from flowing into the farm, and when the bioreducts float vertically from the bottom layer through the bottom surface pollution prevention membrane, It is possible to prevent damage to the fish and shellfish in the farm by red tide.

In addition, air bubbles are generated through the air bubble supplying means provided inside or outside the bottom surface contamination preventing film, so that the floating bubbles can be lifted and removed by the attraction force by the surface tension of air bubbles.
In addition, a shading film covering the upper sea surface of the farm and the pollution preventive means provided in the farm is provided to suppress the photosynthesis of the phytoplankton and the red algae through these ornamental films to reduce the factors necessary for their growth and proliferation It is effective.

In addition, it has a prefabricated structure, so that natural disasters such as the time of occurrence of pollution and typhoons can be predicted, and the installation and demolition can be easily performed, and maintenance and repair can be easily performed.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which contamination preventing means are spaced apart from the outside of a net according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the bottom surface contamination prevention film is opened in FIG. 1,
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a state in which the contamination preventing means is spaced apart from the inside of the mesh according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The apparatus for preventing pollution of aquaculture site according to the first embodiment of the present invention mainly comprises pollution prevention means 10 and air bubble supplying means 20. [
The contamination preventing means 10 is installed to prevent contamination of red tide and suspended matter into the farm 1 and to prevent contamination of the inside or the outside of the net 2 And a bottom surface pollution prevention film 12 provided at the lower end of the side surface pollution prevention film 11 so as to be openable and closable.
Here, the side surface pollution prevention film 11 prevents floats and floating matters on the surface water surface from flowing into the farm 1, and the bottom surface contamination prevention film 12 prevents circulation of seawater smoothly into the farm 1 So that the floating creatures that rise vertically from the bottom layer can not enter the farm 1.
At this time, the bottom surface contamination prevention film 12 is divided into two types, and the separated both sides thereof are respectively coupled to the lower end portions of both sides of the side surface contamination prevention film 11 through the hinge 15, The bottom surface contamination prevention film 12 is installed to adjust the opening and closing through the rope 16 formed at the upper part of the farm 1 so as to be adjustable in length.
The side surface contamination prevention film 11 and the bottom surface contamination prevention film 12 may be made of a synthetic resin or a vinyl material having a low specific gravity and corrosion resistance and may have a separate structure (not shown) So that it can be folded in a sliding manner or wound in a roll form.

In addition, by providing the above-mentioned pollution prevention means 10 in a prefabricated structure connected to each other by appropriate lengths, it is possible to reduce the economic burden on the construction due to transportation and on-land working efficiency, It is possible to easily perform maintenance and repair as well as easy installation and demolition by predicting natural disasters.

The air bubble supplying means 20 is installed to float the contaminants (suspended matter and suspended matter) flowing into the culture field 1 into the sea surface S by the adsorption force by the surface tension of the air bubbles 24, An air supply unit 21 for supplying air sucked from the outside of the farm 1 and an air transfer pipe 22 for supplying air supplied through the air supply unit 21 to the lower part of the farm 1, And an air bubble generating part (23) installed in the air transfer pipe (22) to generate air bubbles (24) at a position adjacent to the bottom surface contamination prevention film.
At this time, the contaminants floating in the sea surface S in the farm 1 through the air bubble generating unit 23 can be removed manually using a micromanipulator or removed using a mechanical device equipped with the scum removing plate 14 do.
Next, the abovementioned aquaculture plant 1 is provided with a mesh 2 and pollution prevention means 10 in order to reduce the photosynthetic action of the red algae and phytoplankton so as to reduce the factors necessary for their optimum growth conditions and proliferation. It is preferable to further include an ornamental film 30 for finishing the upper surface.

1, the side surface contamination prevention membrane 11 of the aquaculture contamination prevention device according to the first embodiment of the present invention is disposed on the outer side of the mesh 2, and the upper side thereof is spaced apart from the mesh 2 by a predetermined distance And to a structural floating foam that remains suspended over the water surface.

The contamination preventing means 10 according to the second embodiment of the present invention may be installed in the net 2 as shown in FIG. 1, the foam 13 may be coupled to the upper side of the side surface contamination prevention film 11 and the mesh 2 to be in a floating state.

The rope 16 is connected to a winch 17 located at the center of the upper part of the farm 1 using an air transfer pipe 22 located at the center of the farm 1 or a separate fixing structure.

At this time, when the red tide is lifted, as shown in Fig. 1, the bottom surface contamination prevention film 12 is closed in advance to prevent red tide from flowing into the farm 1, and before or after the red tide descends, As shown in FIG. 2, the bottom surface contamination prevention film 12 is opened to allow seawater to flow through the vertical movement passage V, which is an open space of the bottom surface, so that water in the culture plant 1 can be circulated smoothly.

Here, the floating creatures and floating matters including red tides flowing through the vertical movement passage (V) in the state where the bottom surface contamination prevention film (12) is open are in contact with the attraction force of the air bubbles (24) (S).

It can be seen that the adsorption force of air bubbles on water is equal to the surface tension acting on the boundary surface between water and air bubbles. The pressure P 1 inside the air bubbles in the water corresponds to the external pressure P 2 acting in the direction of air bubbles in water, .

It is shown that P₁ = P₂ + surface tension

The surface tension acting according to the size of the air bubbles

πR²∇P = 2πRY, ∇P = 2Y / R (where Y is the surface tension coefficient of air bubbles to water)

The surface tension coefficient of air bubbles to water is shown in [Table 1].

Temperature (℃) Surface tension coefficient (N / m 2) Temperature (℃) Surface tension coefficient (N / m2) 5 0.0749 10 0.07422 15 0.0735 20 0.07275 25 0.072 30 0.07118 40 0.06955

The surface tension coefficient acting on seawater is about 0.08255 N / m2 at 20 ℃ when 36 g of salt is diluted per 100 ml of water.

Under the same temperature conditions, 0.081733N / ㎡ is calculated for salt 33g, that is, the salinity of 3.3%. The optimum growth temperature of the red tide organism is about 25 ℃ and the salinity is 3.3%. The surface tension coefficient of the air bubble on the red tide organism is about 0.081N / M < 2 >.

Assuming air bubbles to be 1 mm in size, the adsorption force acting under optimal growth conditions of red tide organisms can be calculated as follows.

∇P = (2 * 0.081 N / m) / 1 mm = 3.3039 * 10³kgf / cm 2

The buoyancy of air bubbles toward sea level (S)

F = dvg (d is the density of the fluid, v is the volume of the object in the fluid, g is the gravitational acceleration)

And the rise rate of the resistance air bubbles is 0.5 m / s (termination speed).

The greater the air bubble in the water, the greater the buoyancy but the lower the surface tension.

The swimming rate of red tide creatures is 1 mm per second, even when applying the fastest reading in eukaryotic amoeba, which is 3.6 m per hour.

Calculated using a volumetric formula V = (4/3) πr³ of a sphere with a size of 30 ㎛ and a specific gravity of 1 for an individual of red tide creature cochleidium , it is about 1.131 * 10 ³ mg because the adsorption power of air bubbles is higher in the cochlear Even considering gross weight and swimming ability, the red-tide creature can be absorbed in the water and moved to the sea level (S) with sufficient attraction force.

The community life usually consists of 4 ~ 8 animals attached to the shape of a train, swimming and swimming.

Calculated values show that the air bubbles move to the sea surface (S) and the air bubble bursts and the time to remove the gravity acceleration of the buoyancy is sufficient when the known cochlearidal swimming velocity is 3 m / h = 3 mm / 3.6 s .

In addition, the cochlodinium can be removed manually by using a micronucleus, and can be removed using a mechanical device for operating the scum removing plate 14.

When the red tide is low, it is a good way to keep it at a high density, ie 3,000cell / ㎖, because there is no damage and no toxicity.

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In this way, it is possible to prevent fish and shellfish damage in an efficient and environmentally friendly way, even if all the red tide creatures are not eliminated inside the farm.

1: farm 2: mesh
10: Pollution prevention means 11: Side pollution prevention film
12: bottom surface contamination prevention film 13: structure floating foam
14: Float removing plate 15: Hinge
16: rope 17: winch
20: air bubble supplying means 21: air supplying portion
22: air conduit 23: air bubble generator
24: air bubbles 30:
S: sea level V: vertical pathway

Claims

A side surface pollution prevention film 11 (see FIG. 1) formed to be circular or angular and connected to the structure floating foam 13 on the upper side and spaced from the inside or outside of the mesh 2 to block inflow of red tide and suspended matter into the farm 1 (10) provided with a bottom surface pollution prevention film (12) provided at the lower end of the side surface pollution prevention film (11) so as to be openable and closable;
An air supply unit 21 for supplying air sucked from the outside of the farm 1 to float the pollutant introduced into the farm 1 to the sea surface S, An air transfer pipe 22 installed so that the supplied air is supplied to the lower part of the farm 1 and an air transfer pipe 22 installed adjacent to the bottom surface contamination prevention film 12 at the end of the air transfer pipe 22, And air bubble supplying means 20 provided with an air bubble generating portion 23 for generating air bubbles 24 using the air supplied from the air supply means 22,
The bottom surface contamination prevention film 12 is divided into two types and the separated both sides are connected to both sides of the side surface of the side surface pollution prevention film 11 through hinges 15, Is installed so as to be opened and closed through a rope (16) provided so as to be adjustable in length.

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The method according to claim 1,
Characterized in that the aquaculture facility (1) further comprises a shading film (30) for closing off the top surface on which the mesh (2) and the pollution prevention means (10) are installed to block the photosynthesis action of red tide and phytoplankton Pollution prevention device.