KR20150044528A - The antipollution equipment of aquaculture - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention builds an apparatus having contaminant barriers installed on the inside and outside of a net used in a caged fish farm to block the inflow of contaminants and an air plumbing facility in the contaminant barriers to raise various floating substances and microorganisms to the surface with air bubbles, thereby preventing the fish and shellfish from dying or being contaminated. The contaminant barrier structure includes circular or angular barriers installed to a predetermined depth from the surface of the water to block the inflow of the surface water and the substances floating on the surface. The entry of water and fishery can only be allowed through the bottom of the contaminant barrier. The contaminant barrier is prefabricated and is easy to install and remove with respect to predicted disasters. The present invention can also block the light to prevent the photosynthesis of phytoplankton and red tides to reduce the amount of the phytoplankton which can be fed to fishery and the proliferation of the red tides.

Description

The antipollution equipment of aquaculture

The present invention relates to a method for preventing damages caused by the influx of red tides and contaminants in a cage farm

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In the present invention, a pollution prevention film is provided on a certain space of water to block the inflow of floating matters, floating creatures, and oil bands moving near the surface of the water, and air bubbles are floated by using a piping facility of a certain depth, It is possible to prevent damage to the red tide and pollutants by removing the residual contaminants inside.

Conventional caged fish farms cultivated fish and shellfish by installing nets on the four sides and bottom of the floating foam except for the direction toward the sky.

This structure is able to move seafood inside and outside the net, and water can freely move inside and outside the net. Such cage culture has contributed much to income increase, but damage is often caused by unexpected red tide or disasters.

In particular, the National Fisheries Research and Development Institute's information on cochlear-

(Overview of Marine Environment Information: 2009) It has the following characteristics.

Size: 30 ~ 40㎛ in length, 4 ~ 8 ~ 130 ~ 320㎛ when making a colony

Cells: Single, multimodal, mucus-containing seafood and asphyxia

Growth rate: multiply at 1.3 to 1.8 days

Optimum growth: water temperature 24 ~ 26 ℃, salinity 3.2 ~ 3.3%

During the daytime, around 10 o'clock in the morning, the photosynthetic flotation (within 4 m) occurs to the surface layer, so it exists at a high density and since the amount of oxygen generated through the respiration rate and photosynthesis is similar, there is little change in the dissolved oxygen amount. Distributed.

According to the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries, less than 3,000 cells / ml of red tide density occurs within 48 hours.

In order to reduce such damage, red loess is sprayed on the red tide area and oil tester is used for the oil leaks. However, since the damage is wide and the work is done after it is done, it consumes many manpower and expenses.

If you look at some of the inventions designed to prevent damages to the cage farms, the registered cage pattern 381210 'Cage aquaculture prevention device' is designed to use compressed air in the cage cell of the farm to pressurize each cell under a constant pressure The system was designed to circulate water by spraying air with a bubble generating nozzle to increase the amount of dissolved oxygen to prevent red tide.

Registration Utility Utility Model No. 311222 'Reduced red tide damage prevention system for aquaculture uses diffusive spraying of seawater by using a high-pressure reciprocating compression vane pump and a venturi tube type air agitating member by using driving force of engine and engine for ship or presidential line And it was designed to push the red tide creatures eluted to the surface sea level to the outside of the cage net.

Open Patent No. 091669 'The red tide blocking device of the cage farm' is constructed to prevent the red tide from penetrating into the inside of the farm by laying a small-pore blocking membrane on the surface of the net of the cage farm.

Conventional registration utility modeling technique is a good idea to inject the air and water to the surface water surface below the sea level to push the red tide creatures in the surface layer outside the cage net and to increase the amount of dissolved oxygen to prevent damage of red tide. There is a cost burden to operate the equipment for a long time in order to maintain the dissolved oxygen amount and the inflow into the farm.

In the open patented technology 'Reddish Cutting Device of Cage Farm', the production cost of the barrier material having micropores is higher than that of the general anti-pollution film due to the difficult production method.

The general anticorrosive film has no micropores, but it is strong in corrosion and strength and can be obtained at low cost.

In addition, micropores having micropores often clog micropores due to suspended solids and red tide organisms, and there is a problem that additional cost is incurred for maintaining and repairing the micropores.

Conventionally, in order to efficiently manage facilities and maintenance from the damage prevention measures of a cage farm, a pollution prevention membrane is installed so that floating matters and floating matters on the surface water surface are not introduced into the farm, and the pollution prevention membrane on the floor Reduce the red tide density by reducing the inflow to the farm, preventing the damage of fish and shellfish.

In addition, a piping system is installed inside the bottom surface of the contamination prevention membrane to generate air bubbles, so that floating substances can be removed by adsorbing force due to the surface tension of air bubbles.

There is a space where the reddish densities are low distributed at the corner of the side surface pollution prevention membrane which is perpendicular to the bottom surface pollution prevention film, and this space reduces the damage by moving the fish and shellfish in the time when the reddish tide is rising vertically.

By installing a pollution prevention membrane, it prevents red tide and suspended substances from entering, removes the contaminants that come in by air bubbles and removes it by using light blocking film, and performs photosynthesis of red tide and phytoplankton

To reduce the environmental factors required for optimum growth or proliferation.

The above pollution prevention device can prevent the damage to large area of sea pollution by reducing the area to a limited area inside the farm.

This is very effective in terms of time and cost for prevention of erosion, and it is a very useful invention free from verification of environment-friendliness such as other medicines and minerals including yellow clay, thereby reducing damage to fishermen and securing stability against contamination of fish and shellfish.

In addition, prefabricated construction can predict natural disasters such as the time of pollution and typhoons, and can smooth installation and demolition.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional cage culture plant with a pollution prevention film installed thereon.
2 is a cross-sectional view showing a case where the pollution prevention membrane at the bottom of a farm is opened.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional cage farm with a pollution prevention film installed therein.
Description of the main parts of the drawings
1. Winch 2. Air bubble 3. Liquid gas or air inhaler
4. Pneumatic transfer piping system 5. Floating plate 6. Light blocking plate
7. Structure Floating foam 8. Side Pollution barrier 9. Bottom side Pollution barrier
10. Network 11. Rope 12. Hinge
A. Sea level B. Vertical movement path C. Movement blocking surface
D. Low Reduced Density Region E. Air bubble injured area

In order to prevent pollution of the farm, pollution prevention membrane is installed on the inside or outside of the net, and it is connected to the floating foam of the structure to prevent suspended matter and suspended matter on the surface water from entering the farm.

The pollution prevention membrane on the bottom of the farm is installed so that the open and close can be adjusted by using a double rope so that the floating creatures can not enter into the farm when they float vertically from the bottom.

In addition, air piping is sprayed to the inside of the floor pollution prevention membrane by a certain amount of space, so that the floatation of the inside of the farm is reduced by floating the floating creature by the adsorption force by the surface tension of the air bubble.

1, the side surface pollution prevention membrane 8 of the present invention is installed outside the mesh network 10 and is fixed to the structural floating foam 7 to maintain a constant gap with the mesh network.

The bottom surface contamination prevention film 9 connects the rope 11 to both sides of the side nearest to the vertical movement passage (B) which is fastened to the side contamination prevention film with the hinge 12 and faces the center of the farm.

The rope 11 is connected to the winch 1 located at the center of the upper part of the farm by using the air transfer piping system 4 or a fixed structure located at the center of the farm and closes the bottom surface prevention film 9 prior to the rise time of the red tide. Thereby significantly reducing the inflow of red tide to the farms.

The vertical movement path (B), which is the open space on the bottom side, allows the water inside the farm to circulate smoothly with the inflow of seawater.

At this time, the red tide and float flowing into the vertical movement passage (b) blow air bubbles, and float the floating matters such as red tide, which is a floating creature, to the sea surface by the attraction force of air bubbles.

It can be seen that the adsorption force of air bubbles on water is equal to the surface tension acting on the boundary surface between water and air bubbles. The pressure P 1 inside the air bubbles in the water corresponds to the external pressure P 2 acting in the direction of air bubbles in water, .

It is shown that P₁ = P₂ + surface tension

The surface tension acting according to the size of the air bubbles

πR²∇P = 2πRY, ∇P = 2Y / R (where Y is the surface tension coefficient of air bubbles to water)

The surface tension coefficient of air bubbles to water is shown in [Table 1].

Temperature (℃) Surface tension coefficient (N / m 2) Temperature (℃) Surface tension coefficient (N / m2) 5 0.0749 10 0.07422 15 0.0735 20 0.07275 25 0.072 30 0.07118 40 0.06955

The surface tension coefficient acting on seawater is about 0.08255 N / m2 at 20 ℃ when 36 g of salt is diluted per 100 ml of water.

Under the same temperature conditions, 0.081733N / ㎡ is calculated for salt 33g, that is, the salinity of 3.3%. The optimum growth temperature of the red tide organism is about 25 ℃ and the salinity is 3.3%. The surface tension coefficient of the air bubble on the red tide organism is about 0.081N / M < 2 >.

Assuming air bubble size is 1mm, the adsorption force acting under optimal growth conditions of red tide organism can be calculated as follows.

∇P = (2 * 0.081 N / m) / 1 mm = 3.3039 * 10³kgf / cm 2

The buoyancy of air bubbles toward sea level (a)

F = dvg (d is the density of the fluid, v is the volume of the object in the fluid, g is the gravitational acceleration)

And the rise rate of the resistance air bubbles is 0.5 m / s (termination speed).

The greater the air bubble in the water, the greater the buoyancy but the lower the surface tension.

The swimming rate of red tide creatures is 1 mm per second, even when applying the fastest reading in eukaryotic amoeba, which is 3.6 m per hour.

Calculated using a volumetric formula of V = (4/3) πr³ of a sphere with a specific gravity of 1 μm and a specific gravity of 1 μm for an individual individual of red tide biomicrobial clodime, it is about 1.131 * 10 ³ mg , Considering the weight and swimming ability of the cockroach, it is possible to adsorb the red tide creature to the sea surface (a) with sufficient adsorption power.

The community life usually consists of 4 ~ 8 animals attached to the shape of a train, swimming and swimming.

Calculated as a calculation, it is known that when the air velocity is 3m / h = 3mm / 3.6s, the air velocity drops to the sea level (a) and the air bubble bursts and the gravity acceleration of buoyancy disappears. .

In addition, cochleidium is mucilaginous and can be removed manually using a micronucleus, and can be removed using a mechanical device operating the scum removing plate 5.

When the red tide is low, it is a good way to keep it at a high density, ie 3,000cell / ㎖, because there is no damage and no toxicity.

When food is supplied to the fish at the time when the red tide descends, the bottom surface pollution prevention membrane (9) is opened to smoothly circulate water in the farm.

The side surface pollution prevention film 8 and the bottom surface pollution prevention film 9 can be reinforced with a more rigid structure at the corners and can be transported by a prefabricated construction in which the pollution prevention film can be connected at appropriate lengths, The economic burden on construction methods can be reduced.

The material of the anti-fouling film is a material requiring low specific gravity and corrosion resistance, and a synthetic resin or a vinyl membrane can be used. In this case, a method of folding in a sliding manner or rolling in a roll form using a corner joint structure is used.

The side protection membrane is to be installed in consideration of the prevention of breakage because it acts as a buffer against the impact of wave in the folded form.

Also, by using the light barrier (6), the phytoplankton and red algae inside the farm are inhibited from photosynthesis, and the number of phytoplankton to be fed is reduced to reduce the factors necessary for optimal growth condition and proliferation.

In this way, it is possible to prevent fish and shellfish damage in an efficient and environmentally friendly way, even if all the red tide creatures are not eliminated inside the farm.

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Claims (3)

(8) and (9) which prevent the inflow of suspended organisms and pollutants into the network of fish farms, and (d) ensure that the pollution density is lower than that of the area (d) Of the red tide and pollutant.
A method of assembling and connecting the corners of the pollution prevention films 8 and 9 by connecting the corners and the length of the cores, and a method of using the joint structure to fold the film in a sliding manner or in a roll form, How to prevent damage from impact. A method of smoothly circulating the water through the vertical movement passage (B), floating the red tide and floating matter through the surface by using the surface tension and buoyancy of air bubbles, and removing the floated floating matter by using the microfibers. A method to reduce the number of phytoplankton, which are food, by suppressing the photosynthesis of phytoplankton and red algae in the farm using light barrier (6), and to prevent the factors necessary for optimum growth and proliferation of red tide.

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