KR101450361B1 - Work machine - Google Patents

Abstract

[assignment]

The tool mounted on the tool holder is adjusted in the radial direction of the tool holder and the change in the centrifugal force is suppressed as much as possible so that highly precise work can be efficiently performed.

[Solution]

The tool holder 20 is mounted with an annular elastic holder portion 24 having one end fixed to the tool holder 20 and the other end forming an open end 24a. Two or more tools, for example, intermediate finishing blades 26a and 26b and finishing blades 28a and 28b are mounted on the open end 24a side. The tool holder 20 is provided with a pressing mechanism 32 capable of deforming the open end portion 24a in an elliptical shape by moving in the axial direction of the tool holder 20 to press the annular elastic holder portion 24 . When the open end 24a is deformed into an elliptic shape, the intermediate finishing blades 26a and 26b move inward in radius, while the finishing blades 28a and 28b move outward in radius.

Tool holder, Elastic holder part, Pressurizing mechanism, Boring, Boring bar, Spindle

Description

Work machine {WORK MACHINE}

The present invention relates to a work machine in which two or more tools are mounted on a tool holder rotatable integrally with a spindle.

In general, a tool mounted on a tool holder, for example, a machine tool (work machine) that performs a machining process on a work through a machining tool is used in various ways. For example, in boring of a cylinder constituting an engine block, it is necessary to process a diameter of an inner cylinder to a micron order with high accuracy. For this reason, boring is usually divided into three processes: rough boring (roughing), intermediate finishing boring (intermediate finishing), and finish boring (finishing).

In this type of boring, especially in finish boring, it is necessary to form a machining diameter with high accuracy, and machining is performed by one blade. However, in the finishing boring process by the mass production facility, since the cutting is performed with a single blade edge, abrasion of the blade edge is remarkable and the working diameter is reduced. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the edge position in accordance with the change of the machining diameter due to the edge wear, and to maintain a constant boring diameter.

Thus, for example, it is conceivable to use a machining apparatus for a cylindrical inner surface disclosed in Patent Document 1. [ This machining apparatus is provided with a blade tool for rough machining and a blade tool for finishing machining at positions opposite to each other on the outer periphery of the tip end of the machining head for boring, And an elastic holder portion for moving the blade tools in the same direction while being deformed by movement in the same direction by applying a pressure in the direction orthogonal to the cutting blade tool for roughing from the blade tool for finishing . And, in this patent document 1, it is compact and has rigidity, so that the movement (correction) of the blade tool position can be performed with high accuracy.

[Patent Document 1]

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-311517

[Disclosure of the Invention]

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

By the way, in the above-mentioned machining head, when a worn edge is to be adjusted, a boring bar moves in a radial direction with respect to the spindle. When the boring bar moves in the radial direction, the center position of the boring bar also moves. Therefore, the centrifugal force generated in the machining head and the boring bar also fluctuates.

BACKGROUND ART In recent years, in a boring process of a cylinder, a high-speed machining is enabled by the grade improvement (grade improvement) of the blade tool, and the number of revolutions of the spindle is increased. As a result, the influence of the centrifugal force generated in the boring bar can not be ignored, and a boring apparatus capable of suppressing a change in the centrifugal force even when the blade tip is corrected and moved is required.

The present invention has been made in response to this kind of request, and the tool mounted on the tool holder is adjusted in position in the radial direction of the tool holder, and the change of the centrifugal force is blocked as much as possible, It is an object of the present invention to provide a work machine capable of being operated.

[MEANS FOR SOLVING THE PROBLEMS]

The present invention provides a tool holder comprising a tool holder rotatable integrally with a spindle, one end fixed to the tool holder, and the other end forming an open end, A first mounting portion on which two first tools are mounted, a beam portion extending on the side of the rotation axis side, and two second tools in the radial direction orthogonal to the first mounting portion are mounted, A ring-shaped elastic holder portion provided with a second mounting portion integrally connected to the beam portion; and a pressing portion that presses the beam portion in the axial direction of the tool holder to press the center portion of the annular elastic holder portion And the two second tools are adjusted in position radially outward by the same distance (equidistant) from the axis of rotation, while the two second tools are adjusted in position in the radial direction outward by the same distance 1 Tools By the same distance from the axis of rotation and a pressure mechanism for position adjustment to the inside in the radial direction.

Further, the beam portion is connected to the inner wall of the mounting portion to form an arc-shaped beam portion passing through the axial center position of the annular elastic holder portion, and the arcuate beam portion is pressed in the axial direction by the pressing mechanism, It is preferable to be configured to be elastically deformable.

The working machine further comprises two first tools mounted on the short axis side of the open end which is elastically deformed into an elliptical shape and two second tools mounted on the long axis side of the open end, .

It is also preferable that the main locus of the first tool is set to be larger than the main locus of the second tool in a state in which the pressing force by the pressing mechanism is not applied to the annular elastic holder.

Further, in the pressure applying mechanism, the pressing force is applied to the annular elastic holder portion by the fluid pressure, and in the state where the pressing force by the fluid pressure is not applied, the first tool and the second tool are in the neutral position It is preferable to automatically return to the initial state.

It is preferable that the first tool is a first tool blade for performing a first work on an inner circumferential surface of the work and the second tool is a second toolholder for performing a second work on the inner circumferential surface after the first work.

Further, the beam portion constitutes an arc-shaped beam portion connected to the inner wall of the mounting portion, and the arcuate beam portion is pressed in the axial direction by the pressurizing mechanism so that the open end is elastically deformable in the shape of a triangle and a polygon .

In addition, it is preferable that a tool is mounted corresponding to each corner portion of the open end which is elastically deformed in a triangular or polygonal shape.

[Effects of the Invention]

In the working machine according to the present invention, when the annular elastic holder portion is pressed through the pressurizing mechanism, the open end side is deformed while the center position of the annular elastic holder portion is held on the rotational axis. At this time, at the open end, two second tools are mounted through the first mounting portion and two first tools and the second mounting portion, and the two first tools and the two second tools are mounted on the tool holder (Corrected) in directions opposite to each other in the radial direction.

Therefore, for example, two first tools mounted on the short axis side of the open end that is elastically deformed into an elliptical shape, or two second tools mounted on the long axis side of the open end, Since the position is corrected, the center does not move. This makes it possible to efficiently and reliably perform a high-precision work even when rotating at a high speed.

1 is a perspective view of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of the machine tool.

3 is a front view of an annular elastic holder constituting the machine tool.

4 is a perspective view of the annular elastic holder portion.

5 is an explanatory diagram of intermediate finishing.

Fig. 6 is a front view of the annular elastic holder portion of the intermediate finishing. Fig.

7 is an explanatory diagram of the finishing process.

8 is an explanatory view showing an annular elastic holder portion constituting a machine tool according to the present invention.

9 is a front view of an annular elastic holder constituting the machine tool.

[Description of Symbols]

10 ㆍ ㆍ Machine tool

16 ... spindle

20 ㆍ ㆍ ㆍ Tool holder

22a ... air passage

24, 70 ... annular elastic holder part

24a ... open end

26a, 26b ... intermediate finishing blade

28a, 28b, 74a to 74c, ...,

32 ㆍ ㆍ Pressing mechanism

34 Pneumatic cylinder part

36 Hydraulic cylinder part

50, 72, ...,

52a, 52b, 54a, 54b, 76a to 76c,

56, 78, ...,

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION [

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a machine tool 10 as a working machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of the machine tool 10. Fig.

The machine tool 10 is provided with a main body portion 12 to which the housing 14 is slidably mounted. When the spindle 16 is rotatably mounted to the housing 14 via the bearing 18, the tool holder 20 is detachably mounted on the spindle 16.

2, an air pipe 22 is disposed in the housing 14 along the axis of the spindle 16. An air passage 22a (not shown) communicating with an air supply source Is formed.

The tool holder 20 is mounted with an annular elastic holder portion 24 having one end fixed to the tool holder 20 and the other end forming an open end 24a. On the open end portion 24a side, two first tools, for example, intermediate finishing blades (first cutting blade) 26a and 26b and two second tools, for example, a finishing blade Tools) 28a and 28b (see Fig. 3). The tool holder 20 is moved forward and backward in the axial direction (the direction of the arrow A) of the tool holder 20 so as to press the annular elastic holder portion 24 so as to deform the open end portion 24a in an elliptical shape, (32).

The pressurizing mechanism 32 includes a pneumatic cylinder portion 34 communicating with the air passage 22a and a hydraulic cylinder portion 36 disposed downstream of the pneumatic cylinder portion 34. [ The pneumatic cylinder portion 34 has a pneumatic pressure conversion chamber 38 communicating with the air passage 22a and the first piston 40 is slidably disposed in the common pressure conversion chamber 38 . The first piston 40 is pushed in a direction away from the hydraulic cylinder portion 36 through the spring 42. [

The rod 40a of the first piston 40 is arranged so as to be movable forward and backward in the hydraulic chamber 44 constituting the hydraulic cylinder portion 36. [ In the hydraulic chamber 44, the second piston 46 is slidably disposed. The rod 46a of the second piston 46 is disposed so as to protrude into the annular elastic holder portion 24. [

As shown in Figs. 2 to 4, the annular elastic holder 24 is provided with a disk-like base portion 48 having a substantially columnar shape and fixed to the tip of the tool holder 20 do. A ring body 50 is provided in the base portion 48 and a first bank portion (a second ring portion) is provided on the end of the ring body 50 on the open end portion 24a side, in which the intermediate finishing blades 26a, 26b are replaceably mounted And second bank portions (mounting portions) 54a, 54b on which the finishing blades 28a, 28b are replaceably mounted.

When the annular elastic holder 24 is pressed in the direction of the arrow A1 by the pressing mechanism 32, the open end portion 24a is elastically deformed into an elliptical shape, and at the same time, The blades 26a and 26b are mounted while the finishing blades 28a and 28b are mounted on the long axis side of the open end 24a.

Concretely, the second bank portions 54a, 54b are integrated by the arcuate beam portion 56 extending toward the inside (rotation axis side) of the ring body 50. [ The intermediate finishing blades 26a and 26b are disposed at positions corresponding to the intermediate finishing diameter D1 in a state in which the beam portion 56 is elastically deformable and the pressing force by the pressing mechanism 32 is not applied While the finishing blades 28a and 28b are disposed inside the position corresponding to the intermediate finishing diameter D1.

The beam portion 56 is deformed when the bottom portion 56a is pressed in the axial direction by the rod 46a of the second piston 46 and the finishing portion 56a, The blades 28a and 28b move outward in the radial direction and are disposed at positions corresponding to the finishing diameter D2.

The first bank portions 52a and 52b are not directly connected to the beam portion 56 but also have a phase difference of 90 degrees with the second bank portions 54a and 54b. Therefore, when a pressing force is applied to the beam portion 56 in the direction of the arrow A1, the first bank portions 52a and 52b move in a direction opposite to the second bank portions 54a and 54b, that is, radially inward. Therefore, the intermediate finishing blades 26a, 26b mounted on the first bank portions 52a, 52b are moved radially inward and disposed inside the position corresponding to the finishing diameter D2.

The operation of the machine tool 10 according to the present embodiment configured as described above will be described below.

First, when the intermediate finishing is performed through the intermediate finishing blades 26a and 26b in the hole 60a of the cylinder (cylinder block of the engine) 60, the air passage 22a, The pressurized air is not supplied. 5 and 6, since the pressing force by the rod 46a is not applied to the beam portion 56, the intermediate finishing blades 26a and 26b are arranged so as to correspond to the intermediate finishing diameter D1 While the finishing blades 28a and 28b are disposed inside the position corresponding to the intermediate finishing diameter D1.

Thus, when the spindle 16 is rotated under the action of a rotation drive source (not shown), the tool holder 20 rotates integrally with the annular elastic holder portion 24. [ The intermediate finishing blades 26a and 26b are disposed at positions corresponding to the intermediate finishing diameter D1 at the open end 24a of the annular elastic holder 24. Therefore, the intermediate finishing blades 26a and 26b are subjected to the intermediate finishing process on the hole 60a of the tubular body 60 while the finishing blades 28a and 28b are disposed inside the hole 60a And does not interfere with the intermediate finishing process.

As described above, when the intermediate finishing of the hole portion 60a is completed, pressurized air is supplied from the air supply source (not shown) to the air passage 22a. This pressurized air is supplied to the pneumatic cylinder portion 34 so that the first piston 40 moves in the direction of the arrow A1 in the common pressure conversion chamber 38. The rod 40a of the first piston 40 enters the hydraulic chamber 44 constituting the hydraulic cylinder portion 36 and the second piston 46 moves in the direction of the arrow A1 through the hydraulic pressure, The rod 46a of the second piston 46 presses the bottom portion 56a of the beam portion 56 constituting the annular elastic holder portion 24 in the direction of arrow A1.

The annular elastic holder 24 elastically deforms the beam portion 56 to move the second bank portions 54a and 54b formed integrally with the beam portion 56 outward in the radial direction ). At this time, the finishing blades 28a and 28b mounted on the second bank portions 54a and 54b move outward in the radial direction and are disposed at positions corresponding to the finishing diameter D2 (see Fig. 3). On the other hand, the intermediate finishing blades 26a, 26b mounted on the first bank portions 52a, 52b are moved radially inward and disposed inside the position corresponding to the finishing diameter D2.

When the tool holder 20 rotates integrally with the annular elastic holder portion 24 under the rotating action of the spindle 16, the finishing blades 28a, 28b are moved in the direction of the hole 60a of the cylinder 60, While the intermediate finishing blades 26a and 26b are disposed inside the hole 60a and do not interfere with the finishing process.

In this case, in this embodiment, when the annular elastic holder portion 24 is pressed in the direction of the arrow A1 through the pressing mechanism 32, the open end portion 24a of the annular elastic holder portion 24 is made elliptical And is elastically deformed. That is, the intermediate finishing edges 26a and 26b mounted on the first bank portions 52a and 52b move only in the same dimension in the radial direction, and the finishing edges of the finishing nails 26a and 26b mounted on the second bank portions 54a and 54b (28a, 28b) move only in the same dimension outside the radius.

Therefore, the annular elastic holder 24 is provided with the intermediate finishing blades 26a and 26b and the finishing blades 28a and 28b in a state in which the center position of the annular elastic holder 24 is held on the rotational axis, Is adjusted (corrected) in the radial direction of the tool holder 20. Thereby, the tool holder 20 can obtain an effect that a highly precise machining operation can be efficiently performed on the cylindrical body 60.

Particularly, even when the number of revolutions of the spindle 16 is increased in the boring process of the cylinder, the change of the centrifugal force due to the correction of the blade edge positions of the intermediate finishing blades 26a, 26b and the finishing blades 28a, 28b can be suppressed as much as possible , High-speed processing can be performed satisfactorily.

In this embodiment, two finishing blades 28a and 28b are provided for finishing. Therefore, one blade, for example, the finishing blade 28a can be used as the preceding finishing blade while the other blade, for example, the finishing blade 28b can be used as the final finishing blade, The machining allowance of the finishing blade can be set to a stable minimum machining allowance so that high precision boring can be performed.

The radial correction movement of the intermediate finishing blades 26a and 26b and the finishing blades 28a and 28b causes the elastic deformation of the ring body 50, which occurs when the beam portion 56 is pressed by the rod 46a As shown in Fig. Therefore, sliding friction is not caused in the annular elastic holder portion 24, there is no sliding resistance accompanied by the correcting operation, and correction movement with high accuracy is easily performed. Particularly, when the tool holder 20 rotates at a high speed, a large centrifugal force is applied to each part, but there is no sliding resistance and there is an advantage that smooth correction movement can be performed.

The amount of deformation in the radial direction of the ring body 50 is proportional to the force for pressing the beam portion 56. Thus, the adjustment of the correction movement amount of the finishing blades 28a, 28b can be finely controlled by the pressure control by the external controller, and the control of the open loop method becomes possible.

In the present embodiment, the pressurizing mechanism 32 includes the pneumatic cylinder portion 34 and the hydraulic cylinder portion 36, but is not limited thereto. For example, a pressurized rod that advances and retreats under the rotation of the motor can be employed. As the pressurizing medium, various media other than air, such as a coolant, are used.

The beam portion 56 of the annular elastic holder portion 24 is pressed in the direction of the arrow A1 through the pressing mechanism 32. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, The diameter of the annular elastic holder portion 24 can be reduced by pressing in a direction opposite to the direction A1.

Fig. 8 is an explanatory view of an annular elastic holder 70 constituting the machine tool according to the present invention, and Fig. 9 is a frontal explanatory view of the annular elastic holder 70. Fig. The annular elastic holder portion 70 is used in place of the annular elastic holder portion 24 in the machine tool 10 according to the present embodiment.

The annular elastic holder portion 70 has a substantially cylindrical shape and a ring body 72 is provided on the base portion 48. [ 74b and 74c are provided at the end of the ring body 72 on the open end 24a side with a bank portion (mounting portion) 76a , 76b and 76c are formed.

The bank portions 76a, 76b, and 76c are integrated by an arc-shaped beam portion 78 extending toward the inside of the ring body 72. [ The beam portion 78 is resiliently deformable and deforms the open end portion 24a of the ring body 72 into a substantially triangular shape when it is pressed in the axial direction by the rod 46a of the second piston 46. [ Therefore, the finishing blades 74a, 74b and 74c mounted on the bank portions 76a, 76b and 76c move only in the same dimension to the outside of the radius and are disposed at positions corresponding to the finishing diameter.

When the pressing force is not applied to the beam portion 78, the finishing blades 74a, 74b, and 74c of the annular elastic holder 70 configured as described above are, for example, in the intermediate finishing diameter D1 And placed at corresponding positions. On the other hand, when a pressing force is applied to the beam portion 78, the finishing blades 74a, 74b and 74c are moved to the outside in the same dimension and arranged at positions corresponding to the finishing diameter D2.

Therefore, the intermediate finishing and the finishing are performed using the single annular elastic holder 70, while the center position of the annular elastic holder 70 is held on the rotation axis, 74a, 74b and 74c are adjusted (corrected) in the radial direction of the tool holder 20. Thereby, the tool holder 20 can obtain an effect that a highly precise machining operation can be efficiently performed on the cylindrical body 60.

In the annular elastic holder 70, the three finishing blades 74a, 74b and 74c are mounted on the three bank portions 76a, 76b and 76c, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, four or more finishing blades may be mounted on four or more banks. At that time, the annular elastic holder portion is elastically deformed into a polygonal shape having a quadrangular shape or more by a pressing mechanism.

Claims (8)

A tool holder rotatable integrally with the spindle, A first mounting portion for mounting two first tools in the radial direction and a second mounting portion for mounting the first mounting means in a radial direction on the side of the opening end side, And a second mounting portion integrally connected to the beam portion is integrally installed. The second mounting portion is integrally connected to the beam portion. Like elastic holder portion, And the second end portion is deformed while the central position of the annular elastic holder portion is held on the rotation axis by pushing the beam portion by advancing and retreating in the axial direction of the tool holder, And a pressurizing mechanism for adjusting the positions of the two first tools relative to each other in the radial direction by equal distances from the rotational axis, machine. The method according to claim 1, Wherein the beam portion constitutes an arc-shaped beam portion connected to an inner wall of the second mounting portion, and the arc-shaped beam portion is pressed in the axial direction by the pressing mechanism, whereby the open end is deformed elastically Wherein the workpiece is configured to be able to move the workpiece. 3. The method of claim 2, Wherein the two first tools are mounted on the minor axis side of the open end that is elastically deformed into the elliptical shape, And the two second tools are mounted on the long axis side of the open end. The method of claim 3, The circumferential locus of the first tool is set to be larger than the circumferential locus of the second tool in a state in which the pressing force by the pressing mechanism is not applied to the annular elastic holder portion Working machine. 5. The method of claim 4, Wherein the pressing mechanism applies a pressing force to the annular elastic holder portion by a fluid pressure while the first tool and the second tool are in a state in which no pressing force is applied by the fluid pressure, And automatically returns to the neutral position. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, The first tool is a first tool for performing a first machining on an inner peripheral surface of a work, Wherein the second tool is a second machining tool for performing a second machining on the inner circumferential surface after the first machining. delete delete

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