KR100816029B1 - Thick matter piston pump - Google Patents

Abstract

At least two supply cylinders 3, 5 have a shift valve 9 for supplying thick material from the eg filling container 7 to the supply line and in this connection for connecting the supply cylinders crosswise to the supply line. In a multi-cylinder pump 1 for supplying thick material, in particular concrete, according to the invention the shift valve 9 is at least two movable valve bodies 15, 17 in a form of substantially parallel straight lines. Each of which comprises a straight transmission portion 15L which can be connected to the collector tube 19 downstream of the transmission position of the supply cylinder, in order to connect the respective associated supply cylinders 3, 5 with the supply line. , 17L).

Processes for operating such thick material pumps for continuous feeding are also described.

Thick material, pump

Description

Dark Material Piston Pump {THICK MATTER PISTON PUMP}

The present invention relates to a pump for thick materials having properties according to the non-characteristic part of patent claim 1. In a broader sense it also relates to the control of such thick material pumps.

Thick material pumps have long been used to supply concrete, especially in construction sites. Typically these are provided as hydraulically actuated piston pumps which normally have two cylinders and supply concrete through hoses or pipes. For simplicity, the following descriptions will refer to concrete supply. The invention is not limited to the application of the concrete feed pump, but can be used in all similar thick material pumps.

These pumps must fill a single feed line with two alternating cylinders and associated pistons. Each filled cylinder is connected to the supply line via a movable pipe switch. Thereafter the piston pushes out the concrete (pump stroke), while the parallel piston is returned to refill the cylinder with concrete (suction stroke). At the end of each stroke, the direction of movement of the cylinder piston is reversed in each case and the pipe switch is shifted. Therefore, the pump stroke and the suction stroke are alternately continued. The two pump pistons are preferably hydraulically paired and driven with respect to each of them, so that they are basically operated in opposite directions to each other.

Conventional pipe switches (DE 29 33 128 C2) are arranged so that they are switched back and forth between the two end pistons, where they are provided with the cylinder openings on one side and the supply line Alternating connections between the example filling containers on the other side. This results in an intermittent supply.

U. S. Patent No. 3,663, 129 describes a concrete pump with a continuous feed, in which the shift valve or pipe switch thereof consists of a so-called sleeve slide. Its waist opening is connected continuously, but in the form of a pivot, to the mouth of the feed pipe as a downstream outlet. Its kidney-shaped inner seam opening (inlet, upstream) is long enough to simultaneously cover the openings of both pump cylinders. During operation, the pipe switch performs a continuous swinging movement about an axis on the same axis as the mouth of the feed pipe. The swing angle with respect to the pivot axis of the pipe switch is approximately 50 ° from the middle to both sides.

The pistons of the pump cylinder are controlled according to the instantaneous position of the pipe switch, so that at the moment when both the cylinder openings are covered by the sleeve opening, one cylinder is at the end of the pump stroke, the other cylinder. Is at the start of the pump stroke. By this, the feeding operation is changed from one cylinder to another cylinder continuously. The same time span is used in a state-of-the-art control system for the intake stroke and pump stroke of each cylinder. Therefore, simultaneous supply of both cylinders is not made.

Due to the one-side bearing of the state-of-the-art pipe switch on one side of the feed pipe and the hermetic surface and enveloping support that merely surround the sleeve opening, the substantial tilting moments of the state-of-the-art design cannot be fully accepted. This cannot be ruled out, and as the gap is formed, substantial leakage loss occurs between the sleeve opening of the pipe switch and the supply cylinder, which in turn denies that a continuous supply operation is realized.

British Patent No. 1,063,020 describes a multi-cylinder thick material and concrete pump as a representative definition of state-of-the-art technology, and in one embodiment its shift valves are two rotating, each controlled by their own lifting cylinder. Slides (also formed as sleeve valves). Their outlet ports are connected to a conventional Y-tube, which in turn is connected downstream of the feed line. Each rotating slide can operate as a single pump cylinder or with two pump cylinders. Although the associated control of the rotating slide is described, however, continuous supply of the supply cylinder to the general supply line via this state-of-the-art pump and control system is not intended or possible.

DE 30 06 542 C2 describes a guillotine flat valve for a two cylinder thick material pump. This includes a cutting flap that is tightly coupled to the control bar, which can be moved back and forth between two end positions in the guide housing or frame. This state-of-the-art 2/2 way cut valve can also be installed between the flanges of the Y-tube and the intake or exhaust tube. In concrete pumps, it is preferred to be installed between the bottom of the filling container and the exhaust pipes of the two-cylinder piston pump and / or between the supply line and the exhaust pipes.

In addition, it is also a state-of-the-art technology to provide a thick material pump of the kind discussed herein with an insertion station that allows a cleaning body to be inserted to remove unused thick material left in the supply line. Such an insertion station comprises a chamber slide having at least two chambers having the same cross section, which can be moved hydraulically by a motor, for example. In the resting position of the insertion station, the one chamber forms part of the supply line, while the other chamber is freely accessible. Into the latter, the cleaning body described above can be inserted by hand from the outside. For the cleaning process, the thick material pump is stopped and the insertion station is moved to an operating position, where the chamber containing the cleaning body replaces another chamber in the supply line. Then, the cleaning body is pressed through the supply line with compressed air, which pushes the thick material in front of itself. This state of the art insertion station, however, must be provided with an additional shift valve as described above.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a process for controlling a thick material pump with an improved thick material pump and a continuous supply.

This object is solved in accordance with the invention through the features of patent claim 1, and with respect to the control process according to the invention through the features of claim 20, which is the independent claim.

The nature of the dependent claims in relation to the independent claims provides a useful extension of the invention.

For pumps according to the U.S. and UK patents described above, the control slides (especially the control slides that are guided linearly) are thickened in a mostly exposed form by providing a shift valve having two parallel and linearly movable. While placed in a container, an embodiment can be devised for the preferred application which is less exposed to the thick material, in particular concrete. In another aspect, this is demonstrated in wear resistant use and also in control through dynamic pressure in the supply line or in the supply cylinder. In other words, in the field of control slides, the thick material, unlike the known sleeve slides, is not redirected under pressure and flows through the cross section of the tube in a substantially straight form. Thus in only the collector tube (or Y-tube) the concrete flows from the feed cylinder and merges. This substantially contributes to the pressure relief applied to the slide itself, not only lowers the load acting on the bearing but also reduces the frictional force when switching the control slide. In conclusion, this engineering solution significantly reduces the mechanical wear of the actuated and non-actuated parts of the shift valve.

A two-cylinder thick material pump is treated here as the preferred embodiment, but the design according to the invention can be applied to a pump with three or more cylinders, in which case the control slide must be associated with each supply cylinder. It should be noted.

It is not absolutely necessary to guide the control slide in a precisely linear form, and according to the invention some arc can be provided, in which case the main part of the operation remains parallel.

It can be imagined to support the parallel control slides directly on the surfaces facing each other, but preferably the guiding structure for each control slide allows for a larger offset of the control slides during their operating cycles. Will have a dedicated slide rail.

Known means may be applied in providing the shift valve (guide structure and control slide) as a slide guide having a wear-resistant friction material, and possibly in the case of a wear part as such a material. There is no need to explain in detail. The same applies to the airtightness between the control slide and the openings of the feed cylinder and the collector tube.

According to the invention, the control slide is useful when it can occupy three different positions: the transmission position, the blocking position and the retracted position. These three positions make the design or subdivision of the control slide correspond to three different parts, which means the transmission part, the blocking part and the inlet part. The names of the parts or locations will be discussed in connection with the description of the figures themselves being added and explained.

It is usefully possible to provide the above-described parts as a single module / prefabricate and assemble them in the required order. A control box or control cage is devised which has the necessary valve movement or function as a whole. This design favors simple replacement of the premature wear or damage parts alone, and can be disassembled, especially when a connection between them is provided.

It is understood that it is useful for the two control slides to be provided identical to each other; Variants can arise from space constraints when attaching each of the above drive systems.

A substantial advantage of the solution according to the invention is that it is a simple applicable option to use at least one, possibly both control slides of the shift valve and also to use it as insertion station (s) for the cleaning body. The control slide and the short tube portion of the feed line must be clean during the stationary operation of the pump, which means that the residual thick material or the remaining concrete must be removed.

For this purpose the present invention provides access to the control slide. This can be provided for example via a flap, which is normally closed but after opening provides access to the control slide.

For this purpose a separate cleaning position or insertion position is provided on the control slide (s). According to useful details, however, the retracted position of the control slide is used as the insertion position for the cleaning body at the same time. This is possible because in this retracted position, the tube cross section of the control slides has no function or no pressure.

As discussed earlier on the basis of state-of-the-art technology, these combinations are provided and are neither supported nor easily possible.

As a drive for the control slide, a hydraulically arranged cylinder is preferably used. However, other suitable drives may be used, for example electric motors, linear gear drives and the like.

In a first practical embodiment a lifting cylinder paired with two serial (continuous in series) (operating in both directions) can be used. Each stroke of the cylinders in this configuration corresponds to a shift distance from one point of the associated control slide to the next. When both cylinders are fully pulled out, the control slide is at its lowest position (ie the retracted position). When the first cylinder is extended, the control slide is moved to its intermediate position (ie the shut off position). The control slide reaches its high point when the second cylinder is fully extended (ie the transfer position).

It is understood that the same effect can be achieved in a two-stage lifting cylinder (telescopic cylinder) but whereby its intermediate position can be precisely controlled and can be locked in order to assure the defined shift position of the control slide.

In addition to locking the respective positions of the control slides directly, but also only through their drive, a dedicated locking mechanism can be provided also without doubt, preferably directly between the guide structure and the control slide. Bond it. These locking mechanisms can also be operated remotely, which means binding and releasing. Furthermore, one can also consider springs which press such locking mechanisms in the locking direction, so that they are locked by themselves as they move to the position where the control slide is fixed.

In the case described above, the drive lifting cylinders should not be located on the same axis as the control slide, i.e., due to space constraints, they can be located side by side on the control slide. In this case a load transfer in the vertical direction between the control slide and the rod end of the lifting cylinder must be provided. For example cross beams or consoles. To this end, each opening must be provided in the guide structure for the control slide, which follows the lateral movements of the slides.

Depending on the mounting conditions, the lifting cylinder can also be positioned at an angle with respect to the control slide if an appropriate lever- or angle gear system is installed to match the respective control slide positions.

Further details and usefulness will be apparent from the drawings of the embodiments, which are set forth below.

A very simple and concise schematic is shown.

1 is a perspective view of an assembly of thick material pump with additional functional elements.

Figure 2 is a side view of a cross section of a thick material pump having a plurality of control slide shift valves in accordance with the present invention.

3 is a cross-sectional view through the intermediate axis of the thick material pump supply cylinder according to FIG. 2 (line segment II-II) highlighting the positions of the supply cylinder, the shift valve and the collector tube.

FIG. 4 is a front view turned 90 ° to FIG. 2 (cut along line III-III in FIG. 1) of the shift valve with two parallel control slides.

FIG. 5 is a time-distance diagram of the stroke in which the phase of both pistons of the thick matter pump is changed for each position of the two control slides.

FIG. 6 is a first embodiment of a drive for a control slide comprising two hydraulic lift cylinders in longitudinal side by side alignment.

7 is a second embodiment of a drive for a control slide which can extend in two stages and comprise a telescopic cylinder.

8 is a third embodiment of a drive for a control slide comprising a lift cylinder having a single stroke long stroke.

1 shows two side by side feed cylinders 3 and 5, eg filling container 7, shift valve 9, collector- or Y-tube (19), which are placed next to each other, as well as a short part of the feed line. A perspective view outline of a thick material pump 1 with The shift valve is located in a housing or guide structure 11 which reaches through the bottom of the example filling container 7. Near the bottom of the guide structure, a retaining flap 13 is provided on the side facing the feed cylinders 3 and 5. On the example filling container, two control slides 15 and 17 are shown as exploded views, which insert into the housing-shaped guide structure 11 of the shift valve 9 forming its valve body. It is intended for This will be explained in detail sequentially.

2 only shows the supply cylinder 3 of the thick matter pump 1, which is located in front of the figure in the region of its opening (exhaust) end. The piston in this regard is not shown. The second feed cylinder 5 is located behind the feed cylinder 3 and covered in the direction shown. This can be seen again from above in FIG. 3. Both pistons of the feed cylinders 3 and 5 are driven independently of one another (preferably by hydraulic pressure), and in theory any relative position or speed within the limits of their stroke and their control system. Can also be driven. However, it is also possible to operate them in a form that couples them hydraulically. Both the cylinders and the pistons have the same diameter. For example 250 mm.

The funnel-shaped example filling container 7 in which only the lower part (bottom part) is visible in the figure is open at the top and bolted to the open ends of both feed cylinders 3 and 5. The thick material supplied by the thick material pump is poured here from the top. The openings in both feed cylinders 3 and 5 have an outlet in the lower part of the example filling container 7. The highest filling level of thick material is thereby maintained above the cylinder openings as the thick material is sucked into the feed cylinder.

At the bottom of the example filling container 7, a shift valve designated 9 in its entirety is positioned in a known manner. Only through this shift valve 9 the thick matter reaches the supply cylinders 3 and 5, only through this shift valve the feed cylinder discharges the thick matter into the supply line, which is not shown. And will be described later in detail.

The shift valve 9 comprises a stationary guide structure 11, which is rigidly mounted to the example filling container 7. It protrudes to some extent upwards in the prefilled container and also reaches downstream through its bottom.

In this example only the vertical installation of the guide structure is cited, but it is intended that this is not mandatory.

Theoretically, the guide structure 11 can be provided in an open frame, in particular in the form of a shelf. Preferably it is formed as a substantially closed box having a plurality of functional openings, in particular in its upper region which is located in the example filling container, which allows for an uninterrupted inflow of the thick material into the shift valve. In order to provide it, it is also kept open enough to allow direct inflow at the bottom of the example filling container. Thereby, not only the upper opening but also the opening side, for example, the supply cylinder direction can benefit, and if not, it should be provided with accurate guidance of the control slide in this area.

In the lower part of the guide structure 11, which is outside the example filling container 7, a flap 13 which is normally closed is located. The flap 13 is provided which accesses the interior of the guide structure 11 by opening, which in the embodiment shown is shaped like a box or a housing.

The latter forms a linear guide for the two control slides 15 and 17. (The latter is shown in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4, but in FIG. 2 but covered with the supply cylinder 5.) These include the connection between the supply cylinder on one side and the collector tube 19 on one side and here The supply line is connected to the other side not shown. The feed tube 19 and the beginning of the feed line are preferably located at the same height as the axis of the feed cylinders 3 and 5.

Since both control slides are preferably identical, the control slide 15 is thus described in more detail in FIG. 2. These parts beginning with "15" are present on the other control slide 17 in the same way.

The control slide 15 can be positioned within the guide structure, in three different predefined shift positions, with respect to its longitudinal expansion; This is done through the drive system, which will be discussed later. It also includes three different functional parts. Top is the inlet portion 15E. It opens towards the example filling container and also towards the feed cylinder 3, which therefore has an opening in its longitudinal axial direction and the other perpendicular to it. In order to direct the thick material from the example filling container back into the supply cylinder by 90 °, a deflection slide 15S is inserted, which means a spherical bent portion. Its free cross section preferably corresponds almost to the cross section of the feed cylinder 3 and preferably forms an angle (bent) of 90 °. Appropriately angled elbow tubes can be provided and, if possible, integrated into the structure of the control slide, with expanded inlets such as funnels. Such an inlet portion 15E becomes functional when the control slide 15 is located at its lowest position in the guide structure 11. At the same time the part 15E forms an airtight surface 15D towards the collector tube 19 and is closed at a surface remote from the supply cylinder 3. Thereby, there is no connection to the collector tube at the retracted position of the control slide 15 or it is kept closed with respect to the example filling container 7. As will be clearer later, this enables the feed operation of each of the other supply cylinders during refilling of said one supply cylinder in the sense of continuous supply.

Below the inlet portion 15E follows the locking- or blocking portion 15B of the control slide 15. It is only intended to break the connection between the collector tube 19 and the supply cylinder on both sides as shown on the right side of the shift valve. When the control slide is in the middle of its three positions, the blocking portion 15B lies in front of the opening of the supply cylinder. After being filled with the thick material, it can carry out a short precompression stroke in order to allow the newly filled pressure in the thick material to adapt to the pressure in the supply line connected to the collector tube. At the same time, a reverse impact by the pressure in the supply line is avoided through the airtight surface 15D facing the collector tube 19.

The blocking portion does not have any flow guiding function, which will be kept as short as possible if it ensures a safe shutoff of the supply cylinder and also counteracts the actual example compression pressure. If the extension is slightly longer than 250 mm (or slightly larger than the diameter of the feed cylinder), this is sufficient (if more precise positioning capability is provided).

At the bottom of the control slide 15 is placed a transmission part 15L, which preferably comprises short openings, in particular straight tube parts, on both sides having the same internal cross section as the supply cylinder 3. This adaptation of the shape and size of the transmission portion 15L can be seen well in FIGS. 2 and 3. During operation of the shift valve and the thick material pump it is always filled with thick material.

As described above, the parts described above can each be considered as a single module, which can be prefabricated and assembled into a control slide.

The control slide as a whole forms a 3 / 3-way valve in the three positions described above as a passage along with the inlet slide, the opening of the supply cylinder and the opening of the collector tube.

In the right side of FIG. 3, not only the position of the airtight surface 17D at the front of the opening of the collector tube 19, but also the flow path (deflection slide) 17S of the control slide (here 17) on the supply cylinder (here 5). The geometrical layout of the suction part (here 17E) adjacent to) can be seen. The thick material here can only flow from the prefilled container 7 to the opening of the supply cylinder 5 via the deflection slide 17S; The same applies for each retracted position of the other control slide 15.

Here also the side walls 15W, 17W of the control slide can be seen. They can be completely closed and are preferably made of a suitable flat object. At the top and the bottom between the respective parts, a member across it must be provided between the side walls to join them into a rigid box to form a frame for the elements and parts of the control slide. The frame is shown, for example, in an embodiment having a platform of approximately 300 mm × 300 mm and approximately 800-900 mm height.

A width of approximately 300 mm is thereby defined by the 250 mm diameter of the feed cylinder. The height is determined through the design of the control slide in three parts. In addition, the depth given above approximately 300 mm (the longitudinal dimension of the feed cylinder) can be adapted to the respective installation requirements to provide as large a retractable cross section as possible for the slide, but smaller than the cross section of the feed cylinder itself. Should not be.

In addition, FIG. 3 also shows some detailed designs of the layout of the guide structure 11, namely the side wall 11W and the intermediate rim 11M. They form a guide surface or rail for the control slides 15 and 17. The layout of the details of the guiding element can be made by the selection of appropriate and wear-resistant materials and shapes through the person skilled in the art.

In this cross section, the shape and technical function of the collector 19 becomes clearer. It is provided as a Y-tube in a known manner, each of which two branches is connected to a control slide 15 or 17 and its “mouth” or suction flange 20 is shown in more detail. Is not directly connected to the supply line.

The free cross section of the supply line in the mouth region is smaller than the suction region facing the control slide.

The compactness of the setup due to the directly adjacent control slides can be seen in FIG. 4. In this cross section of the guide structure 11, the control slides 15 and 17 and the example filling container 17 located adjacent to each other at different heights, the bottom of the latter is intruded by the guide structure 11. What is done is emphasized. Its bottom 11B is located 2/3 of the height of the control slide below the bottom of the example filling container. The wall 11W and its intermediate rim of the guide structure are seen in their fully expanded form; They are approximately 2/3 longer than the control slides 15 and 17 themselves.

If the guide elements of the control slide do not require it, it is not mandatory to provide the wall of the guide structure in a completely enclosed form. However, it is useful to keep them wrapped for safety (to prevent accidents such as invasion of foreign matter, unintended contact of people).

The bottom 11B of the guide structure is also shown here wrapped. However, in order to drain the water that oozes between the guide structure and the control slide, and also to prevent limited movement as the air is filled during the downward movement of the control slides, it is perforate or dump flaps. It is useful to provide flap.

The two supply cylinders 3 and 5 are covered behind the guide structure 11 and are arranged in the longitudinal direction in the viewing direction. The control slide 15 is at the same height as in FIGS. 2 and 3, which means it is in its maximum possible (transmission) -position. The control slide 17 is also shown according to FIG. 3 in its retracted position, its lowest position within the guide structure 11.

Thereby, at one end, the transmission portion of the control slide 15 is located in front of the opening of the supply cylinder 3. The latter (located behind and covered) is instantaneously in hydrostatic form. It is connected to the collector tube 19 and to the supply line, which makes it possible to discharge the filled and eg compressed thick matter.

On the other hand the inlet portion 17E of the control slide 17 lies in front of the opening of the supply cylinder 5, whereby the supply cylinder 5 is connected to the example filling container 7 Can be refilled accordingly.

In FIG. 5, which will be discussed later, this corresponds to phase 7 of the movement phase of the shift valve.

At the same time at its lowest position, the transmission part 17L of the control slide 17 is located at the height of the flap 13, which is indicated by a dashed circle. Flaps 13 may be provided for each of the control slides 15 and 17, and because of the close proximity of both control slides within the guide structure, the flaps 13 may also be provided with both control slides 15. And 17) it should be noted here that common maintenance and dump flaps can be formed. This must then be wide enough to provide unrestricted access to both control slides (or their respective tubing portions), in particular for insertion of the cleaning body. On these flap (s), no pressure will be applied during normal operation, so they do not need to be very strong or need to be specifically sealed. However, as described above, they must be able to safely lock against opening during operation of the shift valve 9.

By positioning the guiding structure 11 at the height of the bottom of the example filling container 7, the inlet portions of each of the control slides gain the advantage of bridging (connecting) the difference in height of the thick material by themselves. It is clear that it can be obtained. As is clearly shown in FIG. 3, the thick material is bent by the height of the inlet portion (approximately 250-300 mm) sideways (after 90 ° bend) from top to bottom along gravity. Flows into the cylinder. The true bottom of the example filling container is thus situated slightly above the openings of the supply cylinders 3 and 5, thereby basically refilling and sucking the advantage of static pressure in the region of the cylinder openings. It is used to make it possible.

The intermediate position ("cutting position") of each of the control slides is located in the exact middle of the extreme position of the control slides 15 and 17, as shown in FIG. This may be hung to secure the shifting position in a regularly defined manner that may be adjusted and fixed directly through the drive or additional mechanical locking devices or may be provided as described above. But the latter is not shown here.

In Fig. 4, the modification of the above-described driving device is also shown in a rough manner. On the left side of the control slide 15, a tandem lifting cylinder assembly 21 is provided. The first lifting cylinder 25 is mounted on a fixed point 23, the rod end of which carries an additional lifting cylinder 27. The latter rod end is connected through the console 29 with a flat slide 15, which is only shown in theory. A longitudinal opening is necessarily provided in the guide structure 11, in which the console 29 is guided in a sliding manner. Both lifting cylinders are provided in a dual acting setup. The lifting slide 27 must be provided with flexible supply lines.

As can be seen, both rod ends of the lifting cylinders 25 and 27 are fully elongated. By reversing one of the rod ends, the control slide 15 can initially be taken at its intermediate position (blocking position). Also when the second rod end is pulled, the control slide reaches its lower position (retraction position). In the opposite direction of movement the rod ends are subsequently extended in turn, whereby the strokes of the lifting cylinders 25 and 27 define the position of the flat slide in precise connection with the proper set-up.

On the right side, the drive of the flat slide 17 is optionally provided as a dual acting two-stage telescopic cylinder 31. It is located directly between the console 35 and the fixed point 33, which in turn are connected to the control slide 17 in a tightly fixed form, only in a theoretically illustrated form. It is also movable in the guide structure 11 through the longitudinal opening. Since the control slide 17 is in its lowest (retracted) position, the lifting cylinder 31 is also pulled out completely. By extending its bar end into the first end or lifting position, this places the control slide 17 in its blocking position, and in the second end, further extending the bar end, Slide 17 reaches its transmission position.

In other words, with reference to FIG. 2, after opening the flap or flaps 13, the thick substance still remaining in the tubing portions 15L or 17L (the latter is shown by dotted lines) can be easily removed. It is evident in connection with the lower position of the control slide 17 in FIG. 2. Since during the normal operation of the shift valve this is a relatively small amount, it is certainly not necessary for the column of thick material to be discharged back into the collector tube and the supply line with the next supply or discharge stroke.

In this position there is no upward pressure therein because the transmission part is completely separated from the supply line. In addition to this, the flap 13 can not be opened during operation of the shift valve and the thick material pump during a feeding operation, and the shift valve can be checked by suitable means that the flap cannot be shifted while the flap is opened. Will be done.

Also after opening the flap 13 the cleaning body 37 (also shown in dashed lines in FIG. 2) is in the transmission portion 15L or 17L (which has conventionally been purged by hand in a suitable manner). Can be inserted into. This can be moved in the transmission part after closing the flap 13, by switching the control slide between the openings of the respective feed cylinders or into the collector tube 19, after which it is for example Although not shown here, it passes through the collector tube and the supply lines through the compressed air provided through the supply between the supply cylinder and the control slide, which is the thick material remaining in these lines. It is to purge.

Both of these are also purged through communication of the cleaning body through the branches of the collector- or Y-tube 19, whereby the totality of the cleaning of the supply line is reduced to the double passage of the cleaning body. Can be increased. It is readily understood that the same cleaning body may be used twice for both processes (after both through the collector tube and then through the usual feed lines) or other cleaning bodies may be used. .

The collector tube is its second passage, previously cleaned, via the appropriate shape of the collector tube in the connection area and / or simultaneous pressure into both branches of the collector tube 19. It can be assured that they are not caught in the branches.

Referring to FIG. 5, a time-distance diagram of the phases of movement of the control slides 15 and 17 of the feed piston and the shift valve 9 is introduced, introducing the thick material pump and all the important parts around it. The control itself and the thick matter pump and its shift valve are described and discussed in detail. The two pistons of the supply cylinders 3 and 5 are only indicated by the references K3 and K5 at the beginning of each diagram line. The movement or cycle of movement of the piston K3 is shown in dashed lines and that of the piston K5 is indicated in solid lines.

The kinematic phases of the shift valve described above correspond to the reduced schematic diagram of which is shown in FIG. 4, which is shown next to each other in the form of a diagram numbered 1 to 8 and drawn over time, through a vertical line. Are distinguished for each.

In phase 1, both control slides 15 and 17 are in their "transfer position", which means that their transmission portions 15L and 17L are in front of the openings of the supply cylinders 3 and 5 at the same time. I mean. (Hereinafter also referred to as starting position) Both supply cylinders 3 and 5 are also connected to the collector tube 19 and thus to the supply line. No supply cylinders are in communication with the example filling container 7.

According to phase 1 of the diagram, while the piston K5 of the cylinder 5 (newly filled) is just starting a new pump stroke after the precompression, the piston K3 of the supply cylinder 3 moves towards the end of the pump stroke. . Both pistons are moved in the same direction in parallel and at a relatively low speed. It can thus be called "synchronous motion phase".

Phase 2 is the transition of the supply cylinder 3 between the pump stroke and the suction stroke. The control slide 15 has been moved down to half of its entire stroke, preferably after the piston K3 has stopped, while the control slide 17 remains stationary. The opening of the supply cylinder 3 is tightly sealed by the blocking portion 15B, and its piston K3 stops for a while before changing to its stroke direction. The supply cylinder 3 is completely closed with respect to the collector tube 19. This operation in the position between the control slide 15 or in the blocking position ensures that no fluidic break between the one pumping cylinder and the other inlet feed cylinder occurs and that it is safely avoided.

During this relatively short phase the control slide 15 can be moved; Alternatively, as discussed, the blocking portion 15B may be temporarily stopped if provided very shortly.

During this time the piston K5 will continue to be in its pumping stroke as can also be seen in the diagram phase 2. However, the slope of its motion is now higher, which means that its forward speed is increased (e.g. twice) to the normal level compared to the previous synchronous phase 1. This ensures a continuous flow of thick material in the feed line compared to phase 1.

Phase 3 shows the first extreme relative position of both control slides. The control slide 15 has been moved downward by its entire stroke (e.g. slightly more than 500 mm overall). It is now located at its entry position; Its slide 15S is placed in front of the opening of the supply cylinder 3 and at the same time the control slide 17 is still in its "transfer position" and still permits supply from the supply cylinder 5 to the supply line.

The diagram phases that the piston K5 is still running at full speed or maximum pumping power, while the piston K3 is carried out with a suction stroke, preferably with a smooth start and finish, but with a higher speed as a whole in the pump stroke. Shown in 3. ("Suction stroke") The feed cylinder 3 is filled in an optimal manner through the normal (weighted-) pressure of the thick material in the example filling container and the hydrodynamically beneficial guides acting on the slide 15S thereof.

Also in this phase an instantaneous stop of the reciprocating motion of the control slide 15 can be advantageous, so that the entire suction stroke can be carried out with the supply cylinder 3 fully open.

The position of the shift 9 in phase 4 of FIG. 5 corresponds to phase 2. The control slide 15 was lifted from its suction position to the first half of its stroke. Now, as shown from the diagram, the piston K3 of the supply cylinder 3 (which is again tightly locked by the blocking part 15B of the control slide 15) can for example compress the thick material through a very short stroke, which is low It has just been sucked in with a density and preferably corresponds to the current operating pressure in the supply line. ("Yes compression phase") This is followed by pulling in with the thick material to prevent shocks from occurring in the system when the cylinder opening is reconnected from the transmission portion 15L back to the feed flow in all phases. It is also recommended in view of the gases (air bubbles) to be made and also in view of the opposite pressure from the collector tube 19 and the supply line. Also here the control slide can be momentarily stopped or at least slowed down.

The piston K5 has just run to the end phase of its pump stroke and still has a maximum speed.

Phase 5 corresponds exactly to phase 1 with respect to the position of the shift valve 9. (The starting position, "synchronous motion phase") The diagram also shows that in phase 5 the pistons K5 and K5, which now have a changed role (relative to phase 1), are simultaneously pumping at a reduced speed. Demonstrates driving. The exercise cycle of the control slide 17 now begins.

Phase 6 is a mirror image of phase 2; Now only piston K3 pumps at full speed, while the blocking portion 17B of the control slide 17 tightly seals the supply cylinder 5 and its piston K5 is resting in accordance with the diagram phase 6. The control slide 17 is shifted downward by its entire stroke.

Phase 7 is a mirror image of phase 3. As described previously, Figure 4 also shows this phase. The control slide 17 has reached its lowest position. The supply cylinder 5 is being refilled. Its piston K5 returns to its starting position according to the diagram phase 7 above and thick material flows into the feed cylinder 5 through the slide 17S. At the same time the supply cylinder 3 provides the maximum pump power and its piston K5 is at the maximum forward speed.

In phase 8, this is a mirror image of phase 4, the piston K5 precompresses the newly filled material with thick material, while the piston K3 reaches the end phase of its pump stroke. In the diagram, the entire operating cycle of the two cylinder thick matter pump is now complete, and then continues to run again through phase 1.

In order to emphasize the speed, pressure and force during operation of the thick material pump in continuous feed state, the entire course of phases 1-8 takes place within only 6 seconds as shown through the time axis in which the lower labeling of the diagram is made. Should be mentioned. Thereby the pistons of the supply cylinders must go through a stroke of approximately one meter in length, while the overall stroke of the control slide is in the range of 500 mm to 600 mm.

For further interpretation of the diagram of FIG. 5, it should be repeated again that both pistons in phase 1 and phase 5 simultaneously pump thick material into the collector tube 19 and the feed line. During these phases their speeds are adapted with respect to each other, so that their total feed volume corresponds to the feed volume of one single piston at normal forward speed. This results in a constant supply volume with no substantial impact of the thick material pump, with an example compression phase of the new starting piston.

In all other phases only one of the pistons is in pumping operation, which then runs completely at a constant speed. The static pressure at each stationary branch of the collector tube 19 then corresponds to the pressure at the supply line. It is securely received by the hermetic surface 15D or 17D of the control slide in its blocking and / or retracted position.

The design of the provided forward motion control of the shift valve and the supply pistons according to the present invention yields a constant output of the thick material pump in phases of conventional pump strokes, compared to the single pumping power of one piston. Makes it possible, thereby substantially eliminating the pulsation of the thick mass flow in the feed line. This is in particular made possible by example compression of the thick material in phases 4 and 8, thereby preventing opening of newly filled feed cylinders 3 or 5, or connecting the feed lines to pressure freedom ("buffer space"). Avoid it. The volume of the thick substance in the "reactivated" transfer portion 15L or 17L is negligible in view of this buffer effect.

Although considerable pressure is transmitted to the control slides 15 and 17 via the example compression steps (phases 4 and 8), they are their sound, yet relatively simple linear slides within the guide structure 11. It is easily received and delivered through bearings. Here, too, the advantage of the constant connection of the downstream end of the collector tube 19 with the supply line as well as the advantage of a substantially parallel straight slide bearing is obtained.

In a useful form, the weight of the thick material supports a rapid supply towards the cylinder opening which is fed through the slide of the control slide.

The instantaneous position of the pistons K3 and K5 and the control slides 15 and 17 can be detected with an appropriate sensor (position indicator), possibly (distance sensors, position sensors, pressure sensors). It is possible directly in each drive. The sensors preferably provide their position signals to the preferred central control unit of the thick matter pump, which in turn controls the drive of the feed pistons K3 and K5 and the normally shift valve 9.

In particular, at the same time feeding from both feed cylinders this controls the reduction of their forward speed. Both pistons do not have to be controlled at half speed, but in theory one piston can be controlled at one third of the total speed and the other piston can be controlled at two thirds of the full speed. The purpose is to maintain the feed stream in the form of dense material as thick as possible in the feed line (assuming the same diameter and overall stroke).

In addition, during the time span, the control unit stops the shift valve on one side or adjusts it to a slower movement and the other when the newly filled supply cylinder is locked by the blocking portion of the associated control slide 15 or 17. On the side it is necessary to control the example compression stroke of the associated piston. This possibly requires an additional pressure sensor which can be located in the cylinder at the piston and / or in the pressured branch of the collector tube 19. Example Blocking of the control slides 15 and 17 via increased pressure during compression can be reliably excluded through the pressure limiter.

It may also be useful to stand briefly between the reduced speed or even opposite points of the control slides 15/17 in other phases, for example the synchronous phase, the switching phase and the incoming phase or the suction phase. Careful comparisons should be made between moments of movement (rest) and movement times of the control slides as a whole, so that on one side useful flow cross-sections overlap the openings of the supply cylinders of the blocking portions. Through too much reduction and no additional slide speeds are required on the other side.

It may also be helpful to operate through the various slide positions at a constant speed without slowing down or stopping for the continuous operation of the thick material pump.

FIG. 6 shows the tandem lift cylinder and the control slide drive 21, once again shown in FIG. 4, on the left side in more detail. In other words, both the fixed point 23 provided with the joint (preferably in the housing of the shift valve 9) and the console 29 to the control slide not shown here, respectively, are both At the top of is shown lifting cylinders 25 and 27 aligned serially. The lifting cylinders 25 and 27 are shown here in a schematic cross section in order to make the three movement phases of this drive concept clear from right to left. At the left end, both lifting cylinders are loaded on their rods and are at their respective lowest positions. The control slide is thus at its retracted position. The lower lifting cylinder 25 in the intermediate phase is loaded on the piston side and in its up position, while the upper lifting cylinder, which is moving accordingly, is still loaded on the rod side. The third phase shows both lifting cylinders in the fully expanded position, where the loading is made and at the piston. (Transmission position of the control slide) In order to lower the latter, the phases are performed in the opposite direction. To quote previously discussed positions of each of the control bodies in the preceding figures, the three phases in FIGS. 6 to 8 are represented by the letters E (retraction position), B (blocking position), and L (transmission position). Is specified.

FIG. 7 shows the same process with the two stage telescopic cylinder 31 as shown on the right side of FIG. 3. The fixed point 33, which has a pivotable joint and is attached to the housing of the shift valve 9, carries the lifting cylinder, which, together with its rod, is connected to the control slide via the console 35. In other words, three operating positions of the lifting cylinder 31 are provided, in which an additional stop or stop mechanism is provided for the intermediate position in order to make this position accessible in a constantly defined manner. Hydrodynamic locking of this intermediate position directly in the lifting cylinder 31 may also be realized in practice, but the adjustable degree of accuracy requiring continuous operation may not be sufficient. In practice here a small lifting cylinder 39 is provided, which is mounted in a tightly coupled manner, possibly via an additional fixed console, to the housing of the shift valve and whose rod end is connected to the telescopic cylinder 31. It can be extended to the distance of movement.

Once again from left to right in FIG. 7, three movement phases, or positions E, B and L, are shown similarly to FIG. 6. At the left end, the telescopic cylinder is loaded on the rod side and in its lowest position. The blocking cylinder 39 is pulled out. In the middle the telescopic cylinder extends by half; Its rod end comes close to the end of the rod, which has also been extended in the meantime, of the blocking cylinder 39, and thus here reaches the intermediate position (blocking position). In the right phase the blocking cylinder 39 is pulled back, thus freeing its length to the fully extended (stop-) position, which is the upper peak of the rod of the telescopic cylinder 31. Thus the control slide (not shown), which is also connected via the console, is now at its upper vertex (transfer-) position L.

FIG. 8 shows an equivalent to FIG. 7, which means a two stage controllable long stroke lifting cylinder 41 associated with the blocking cylinder 43. The fixed point 33 and the console 35 are the same as in FIGS. 6 and 7. In other words, at the left end, the long stroke lifting cylinder 41 is loaded on the rod side at its lowest possible position E. The blocking cylinder 43 is pulled out. During the transition of the lifting cylinder 41 (which is now loaded at the piston side) to its intermediate position B, the blocking cylinder 43 is also extended, so that its rod end blocks it at the intermediate position. Into the passageway at the rod end of the lifting cylinder 41. At the right end of FIG. 8, the blocking cylinder 43 is pulled back and the rod of the lifting cylinder 41 can extend to its upper vertex L.

Also for the movement down of the associated control slide in the arrangement according to FIGS. 7 and 8, the reverse order of the movement phases or positions previously discussed is required, which is a bar side loading of the lifting cylinders. Being controlled through

The blocking cylinders 39 and 43 with their respective lifting cylinders or rod ends must in any case be adjusted in a constant manner so that the intermediate position can also be precisely adjusted during the upward movement of the lifting cylinder. . The schematic and simplified arrangement shown here is merely provided for a better understanding of the laws of operation of these drives, on a limited basis which reflects the actual installation conditions and the cooperation between the lifting and blocking cylinders.

Claims (36)

At least two supply cylinders 3, 5 have a shift valve 9 for feeding thick material from the example filling container 7 to the supply line, in this connection for connecting the supply cylinders to the supply line crosswise. And the shift valve comprises at least two movable valve bodies, each of which comprises a transfer portion between each of the supply cylinders and the supply line such that a collector tube downstream of the supply cylinders is connected to the supply line ( As a multi-cylinder pump 1 for supplying a thick substance to be connected to 19), The shift valve 9 comprises control slides 15, 17 which are movable in at least two substantially parallel straight lines as the valve bodies, each of which has its associated supply cylinders corresponding to the transmission part ( 3, 5) A thick material pump, characterized in that it comprises a straight transmission part (15L, 17L) connecting each of said supply lines with said supply line. The method of claim 1, The thick material pump, characterized in that the shift valve (9) comprises control slides (15, 17) which are movable in exactly two substantially parallel straight lines. The method of claim 1, The shift pump (9) is characterized in that it comprises a guide structure (11) for the control slides (15, 17) with openings for flowing thick mass flows. The method of claim 3, wherein The guide structure 11 is mounted on the example filling container 7 in a fixed manner so that the control slides 15, 17 and their openings are always in contact with the thick material filled in the example filling container. A thick material pump, characterized in that for contact. The method of claim 3, wherein Said guide structure (11) is in the form of a box or a frame, characterized in that it is provided by forming separate guides for each control slide (15, 17). The method of claim 3, wherein The control slides (15, 17) are in the guide structure (11) a transfer position through which the supply cylinder can discharge into the collector tube (19), and the material filled with the supply cylinder in the example filling container. A thick material pump, each of which can be located in at least two different positions, including a shut off position (or retracted position) that can be inhaled from (7). The method of claim 1, Dark material pump, characterized in that the control slides (15, 17) are made in the same shape. The method of claim 1, The control slide 15, 17 is divided into three parts along its stroke, one of which is the transmission part 15L, 17L, and the other is the inlet part 15E, 17E. Pump. The method of claim 8, A thick material pump, characterized in that a blocking portion (15B, 17B) is provided which does not have a function of passing the flow between the transfer portion and the inlet portion. The method of claim 8, The thick material pump, characterized in that the parts of the control slides (15, 17) are provided as a single module and are connected with each other in a particularly detachable manner. The method of claim 3, wherein The guide pump (11) is characterized in that it comprises at least one flap (13) to remove the thick material from the transmission part of the control slide (15, 17). The method of claim 11, A thick material pump, characterized in that a common flap is provided for the plurality of control slides (15, 17). The method of claim 1, The thick material pump, characterized in that the control slides (15, 17) are driven and positioned independently of one another with respect to each other, in particular through a hydraulic lifting cylinder. The method of claim 13, As a drive for the control slide there is provided a series lifting cylinder arrangement 21 consisting of two series of lifting cylinders 25 and 27 connected in series, each of which is one position of the control slide. A thick material pump corresponding to the distance traveled from the vehicle to a neighboring position. The method of claim 13, As a drive for the control slide, a telescopic lifting cylinder 31 is provided having two lifting steps, each lifting step corresponding to a movement distance from one position of the control slide to a neighboring position. Featured thick material pump. The method of claim 14, The shift valve 9 comprises a guide structure 11 for the control slides 15, 17 having openings for flowing thick mass flows, The lifting cylinders are located parallel to the control slides and are paired with the control slides through the consoles 29, 35, The guide structure (11) is characterized in that it comprises control slide guides for these consoles. The method of claim 8, The thick material pump, characterized in that the transmission part (15L, 17L) of the control slide (15, 17) comprises a cylindrical tube having the same diameter as the feed cylinders. The method of claim 8, A thick material pump, characterized in that a deflection slide (15S, 17S) is provided at the inlet portion (15E, 17E) of the control slide. The method of claim 1, Position indicators provide the instantaneous positions of the shift valve and the control slides as well as the supply pistons of the supply cylinders, and repetitively through the drive of the control slides and the supply pistons in accordance with the provided position information. And a control unit for controlling according to a preset movement pattern. The thick matter pump comprises a shift valve 9 having at least two open supply cylinders 3, 5 carrying supply pistons K3, K5 and control slides 15, 17, wherein The control slides are independently controllable from each other according to the movement of the feed pistons, each containing at least one transfer portion 15L, 17L and a thick material, for example, to connect the associated feed cylinder and the supply line. Pump operation for continuous supply to the thick material pump 1 according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising suction portions 15E, 17E for suctioning through the associated supply cylinders 3, 5). As a process to do, For preliminary simultaneous discharge of thick material, the transfer parts 15L, 17L of the shift valve connect the supply cylinders associated with each other to the supply line and at least two control slides 15, 17 of the shift valve. A process for operating a thick material pump, which is located at this transmission position, in which the synchronous movement phases of the same movement direction of the supply pistons (K3, K5) are controlled in a repetitive manner. The method of claim 20, The speed of the feed pistons K3, K5 in the synchronous motion phase is such that the amount of the dense material pumped simultaneously by the pistons is one single piston (d) during the intake stroke of each other piston K3 or K5. Process of operating thick material pumps fitted against each other to closely match the feed through K5 or K3). The method of claim 20, At the start of the pump stroke, which is the pumping section of the corresponding supply pistons K3, K5 of each supply cylinder 3, 5 to the supply line, the opening of the supply cylinder opening causes the blocking portions 15B, 17B of the control slides. Is closed instantaneously, and the feed piston operates a thick material pump that performs, for example, a compression stroke. The method of claim 22, Each pump stroke of the feed piston has at least an example compression phase (phase 4/8) to perform the example compression stroke, a first synchronous movement phase (phase 1/5), a pump phase pumping at a constant piston speed (phase 2 to 4/6 to 8) and a second synchronous motion phase (phase 5/1). The method of claim 22, And wherein both feed pistons (K3, K5) are driven at the same speed during the synchronous movement phase. The method of claim 24, During the synchronous movement phase both feed pistons (K3, K5) are driven at half the normal speed of their subsequent pump stroke. The method of claim 22, A process for operating a thick material pump, characterized in that it follows a switching phase (phase 2/6) of the feed piston still standing during the subsequent pump stroke of the other feed piston. The method of claim 22, The suction stroke (phase 3/7) of each piston is faster than its pump stroke, in particular between the switching phase (phase 2/6) and the example compression phase (phase 4/8). Operating process. The method of claim 27, Wherein the suction stroke (phase 3/7) of each piston is between the switching phase (phase 2/6) and eg the compression phase (phase 4/8). The method of claim 27, Wherein each suction stroke of the piston comprises a start slope and a stop slope with reduced speed. The method of claim 20, The process of operating a thick material pump, characterized in that the control slides (15, 17) are instantaneously slowed or stopped during the synchronous phases. The method of claim 22, Process for operating a thick material pump, characterized in that the control slides (15, 17) are instantaneously slowed or stopped in the compression phase, for example. The method of claim 20, Wherein the control slides (15, 17) are instantaneously slowed or stopped in the switching phase. The method of claim 20, The process of operating a thick material pump, characterized in that the control slides (15, 17) are instantaneously slowed or stopped in the suction phase. The method of claim 20, The control slides 15, 17 operate a thick material pump, characterized in that they are positioned at an operational stop operation position of the thick material pump allowing removal of the remaining thick material or insertion of a cleaning body if necessary. fair. The method of claim 34, wherein Said operating position being a retracted position of said control slide. The method of claim 34, wherein A safety device for preventing the start of the control slide is activated during the removal of the remaining thick material or insertion of the cleaning body if necessary.

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