JP2007524036A - Piston pump for high viscosity materials - Google Patents

Abstract

Shift valve for at least two supply cylinders (3, 5) to supply high-viscosity material from a pre-filled reservoir (7) into the supply line and alternately connect the supply cylinder to the associated supply line In a multi-cylinder high viscosity material pump (1) for feeding concrete, in particular with (9), the shift valve (9) according to the invention is at least two valve bodies (15, 15) movable substantially linearly 17), each of which is connected to a collector tube (19) downstream of the supply cylinder in a transfer position for connecting the respective associated supply cylinder (3, 5) to the supply line. A transfer section (15L, 17L) is provided. A method of operating this high viscosity material pump for continuous feed operation is also disclosed.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

  The present invention relates to a high viscosity material pump having the characteristics described in the preamble portion of claim 1. In a broader sense, the present invention also relates to the control of such high viscosity material pumps.

  High viscosity material pumps have long been used to supply concrete, particularly at construction sites. Usually they are provided as hydraulically actuated piston pumps, mostly having two cylinders, supplying concrete via hoses or pipes. From this point on, it is simply called concrete supply. The invention is not limited to concrete feed pump applications, but can be used for all similar high viscosity material pumps.

  Such a pump must fill a single supply line with two alternately filled cylinders and associated pistons. Each filled cylinder is connected to a supply line via a movable pipe switch. The piston then pushes the concrete (pump stroke), while the parallel piston is retracted to refill the cylinder with concrete (suction stroke). At the end of each stroke, the direction of movement of the cylinder piston is reversed and the pipe switch is moved. As a result, the pump stroke and the suction stroke are alternately changed. It is preferable to drive the two pump pistons hydraulically connected to each other so that the two pump pistons basically work in opposite directions.

  A common pipe switch (DE 2 933 128) is arranged so that they can switch back and forth between two end positions, which alternate between the cylinder opening and on the one hand the supply line. On the other hand, it forms a connection with the prefilled containment. This will result in a discontinuous supply.

  U.S. Pat. No. 3,663,129 discloses a concrete pump with a continuous feed, in which the shift valve or its pipe switch consists of a so-called sleeve slide. The waist opening is connected continuously but pivotally with the mouth of the supply pipe as the downstream outlet. Its kidney-shaped inseam opening (inlet, upstream) is long enough to cover both pump cylinder openings simultaneously. In operation, the pipe switch performs a continuously oscillating pivoting operation whose axis is coaxial with the feed pipe mouth. The pivot angle of this pipe switch is about 50 ° from the center to both sides.

  The piston of the pump cylinder is a pipe switch so that when both cylinder openings are covered by sleeve openings, one cylinder is at the end of the pump stroke and the other is at the start of the pump stroke. It is controlled according to the instantaneous position. As a result, the feeding operation is continuously switched from one cylinder to another. The same time interval is used in the state-of-the-art control system for each cylinder suction stroke and pump stroke. Therefore, there is no simultaneous supply of both cylinders.

  Due to the one-sided support of the state-of-the-art pipe switch on the supply pipe side, and due to the sealing surface that only surrounds the encircling support and sleeve opening, this considerable amount of tilt moment of this state-of-the-art design is completely achieved Can not receive. It is not possible to eliminate the occurrence of a considerable amount of leakage loss in the sealing area between the pipe switch sleeve opening and the supply cylinder due to the formation of a gap, which is a truly continuous supply The realization of the action is negated.

  British Patent No. 1063020 discloses multi-cylinder high viscosity materials and concrete pumps as a technical issue that demonstrates the state of the art, and in one embodiment, the shift valves are each controlled by their own lift cylinders. With two rotating slides (also formed as sleeve valves). Their outlet holes are connected to a common Y tube, which is connected to the downstream part of the supply line. Each rotating slide can work either with a single pump cylinder or with two pump cylinders. Synchronous control of the rotating slide has been described, however, for this state-of-the-art pump and control system, continuous supply of supply cylinders into a common supply line is not intended or possible.

  German Patent No. 3006542 discloses a guillotine flat valve for a two cylinder high viscosity material pump. It comprises a guillotine flap fixedly connected to a control rod which can be moved back and forth alternately between two end points in the guide housing or frame. This state-of-the-art 2/2 directional guillotine valve can also be installed between the flange of the Y tube and the suction and discharge tubes. In a concrete pump, it is preferably installed between the bottom of the pre-filling enclosure and the discharge pipe of the two-cylinder piston pump and / or between the supply line and the discharge pipe.

  It is also state of the art to provide a high viscosity material pump of the type discussed herein with an insertion station through which a cleaning body can be inserted to remove unused high viscosity material remaining in the supply line. is there. This insertion station comprises, for example, a chamber slide which can be moved by a motor or hydraulically, having at least two chambers of the same cross section. In the rest position of the insertion station, one chamber forms part of the supply line, while the other chamber is freely accessible. The cleaning body can be manually inserted into the latter from the outside. For the cleaning procedure, the insertion station is moved to the operating position with the high viscosity material pump stopped, and the chamber containing the cleaning body is replaced with another chamber in the supply line. The cleaning body can then be pushed through the supply line by compressed air, whereby the cleaning body pushes the high viscosity material in front of itself. However, these state of the art insertion stations must be provided in addition to the shift valves discussed above.

  It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved high viscosity material pump and a method for controlling a high viscosity material pump with continuous feed.

  This object is achieved by the invention having the features of claim 1, and the control method is achieved by the invention having the features of independent claim 19.

  The features of the dependent claims in conjunction with the independent claims provide an advantageous improvement of the invention.

  In the pump according to the US and UK patents described above, the control slide is mostly arranged in a manner exposed to the high-viscosity material containment, but is two linearly movable, in particular linearly By providing a shift valve with a guided control slide, embodiments that are less exposed to high viscosity materials, particularly concrete, can be created for preferred applications. On the one hand, this is effective for wear applications, but also for loading via dynamic pressure in the supply line or supply cylinder. In the area of the control slide, the high-viscosity material, unlike the known sleeve slide, moves substantially straight through the tubing section without being redirected under pressure. Only in the collector tube (or Y tube) is the concrete flow from the supply cylinder fused. This substantially contributes to the pressure relief of the sliding part itself, which not only reduces the load on the support part but also reduces the frictional force when switching the control sliding part. Significantly reduces the mechanical wear of movable and non-movable parts.

  Although a two cylinder high viscosity material pump is discussed herein in the preferred embodiment, the design according to the present invention can also be replaced by a pump having three or more cylinders, where the control slides are each Note that this should be associated with a supply cylinder.

  It is not absolutely necessary to guide the control slide in a straight line, and according to the invention a slight arc whose main part of movement is straight is allowed.

  It is also conceivable to support parallel control slides directly on the surfaces facing each other, however, the guide structures for each control slide will have their larger offset during the control slide's operating cycle. It would be preferable to have a dedicated slide rail that allows

  Known means can be applied to provide shift valves (guide structures and control slides) with sliding guides having friction and wear resistant materials and possibly wear parts. Therefore, this need not be discussed in detail. The same applies to the seal between the control slide and the opening of the supply cylinder and the collector tube.

  According to the invention, it is advantageous when the control slide can occupy three different positions, the transfer position, the blocking position and the inlet position. For these three positions, the design or subdivision of three different sections of the control slide corresponds. This means a transfer section, a shut-off section and an entrance section. The name of the compartment or location is self-explanatory and will be discussed in conjunction with the accompanying figure description.

  It is advantageously possible to provide / prefab the compartments described above as a single module and to assemble them in the required order. A control box or control cage is created that has the necessary valve movements or functions overall. This design can favor the simple replacement of a single, prematurely worn or broken compartment, especially when a connection is provided between them, which can be disassembled .

  It should be understood that it is advantageous to provide the two control slides identically between each other. Variations may arise as a result of space constraints when installing each drive system.

  A substantial advantage of the solution according to the invention lies in the easily applicable option of using at least one and possibly both control slides of the shift valve also as a cleaning body insertion station. The short tubing section and supply line of the control slide must be cleaned while the pump is off. This means that the remaining high viscosity material or the remaining concrete must be removed.

  For this purpose, the present invention provides access to the control slide. This can be provided, for example, by a flap that is normally closed but provides access to the control slide after opening.

  For this purpose, a separate cleaning or insertion position for one or more control slides can be provided. However, according to an advantageous device, the entrance position of the control sliding part is simultaneously used as the insertion position of the cleaning body. This is possible because the tubing section of the control sliding part has no function and no pressure at this inlet position.

  Based on the state of the art discussed at the beginning, such a combination is not provided and is not easily possible.

  It is preferable to use a hydraulic positioning cylinder as the drive part of the control sliding part. However, other suitable drives, such as electric motors, linear gear drives, etc. can be used.

  In the first practical embodiment, two lifting cylinders connected in series (working in both directions) can be used. In this configuration, each stroke of the cylinder corresponds to the distance traveled from one position of the associated control slide to the next. When both cylinders are fully retracted, the control slide is in its lowest position (eg, inlet position). When one cylinder extends, the control slide moves to its intermediate position (for example, the shut-off position). Similarly, when the second cylinder is fully extended, the control slide reaches the top position (eg, transfer position).

  The same effect can be achieved with a two-stage lifting cylinder (nested cylinder), but its intermediate position is thereby precisely controllable in order to guarantee a defined movement position of the control slide It should be understood that it must be fixable.

  Dedicated fixing mechanism that preferably engages directly between the guide structure and the control sliding part in addition to fixing each position of the control sliding part directly and only through their drive parts Of course, it can also be provided. These locking mechanisms can also be actuated remotely, meaning engagement and disengagement. Further, such a fixing mechanism can be considered to apply a load with a spring in a fixing direction so that the control sliding part is fixed by itself when moving to a position to be fixed.

  For example, for reasons of space constraints, if the lifting cylinders described above should not be placed coaxially with the control slide, they can be placed next to the control slide. In this case, a load transmitting portion in the vertical direction between the control sliding portion and the rod end piece of the elevating cylinder must be provided, for example, a transverse beam or a console. For this purpose, each opening must be provided in the guide structure for the control sliding part so that it can follow the lateral movement of the sliding part.

  If a suitable lever or angle gear system can be provided to adjust the position of each control slide, the lift cylinder can also be positioned at an angle with respect to the control slide depending on the mounting condition .

  Further details and advantages will become apparent from the drawings of the embodiments and the following detailed description thereof.

  The drawings are shown in a highly simplified and quite schematic view.

  FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a high viscosity material pump 1 having two parallel supply cylinders 3 and 5 next to each other, a prefilling reservoir 7, a shift valve 9, a collector or Y tube 19 and a short portion of the supply line. A schematic diagram is shown. The shift valve is arranged in the housing reaching the bottom of the prefilling container 7 or in the guiding structure 11. Close to the bottom of the guide structure, a maintenance flap 13 is provided on the side facing the supply cylinders 3 and 5. Above the pre-filling enclosure, two control slides 15 and 17 are shown, as shown in an exploded view, which are movably inserted into the housing-shaped guide structure 11 of the shift valve 9 and its valve body. It is for forming. This will be subsequently described in detail.

  FIG. 2 shows only the supply cylinder 3 of the high-viscosity material pump 1 arranged in the region of the front, its open (discharge) end in this figure. The associated piston is not shown. The second supply cylinder 5 is disposed behind the supply cylinder 3 and is obscured in the visual field direction. It can be seen again from the top in FIG. The pistons of both supply cylinders 3 and 5 are driven independently of each other (preferably hydraulically) and can in principle operate at any relative position or speed within the limits of their strokes and their control systems. it can. However, it is also possible to operate them in a hydraulically coupled manner. Both cylinders and pistons have the same diameter, for example 250 mm.

  The funnel-shaped prefilling enclosure 7, which is visible only in the lower part (bottom part), is open at the top and is bolted to the open ends of both supply cylinders 3 and 5. The high viscosity material to be supplied by the high viscosity material pump is poured into it from the top. The openings of both supply cylinders 3 and 5 exit from the lower area of the prefilling container 7. Thereby, when the high viscosity material is sucked into the two supply cylinders, the maximum filling level of the high viscosity material remains above the cylinder opening.

  At the bottom of the pre-filling enclosure 7, a shift valve, indicated as a whole by 9, is arranged in a known manner. As will be explained in detail later, the high viscosity material can reach the supply cylinders 3 and 5 only through this shift valve 9 and only through this shift valve the supply cylinder is in a supply line (not shown). Extrude high viscosity material.

  The shift valve 9 includes a non-moving guide structure 11 that is fixedly attached to the preliminary filling container 7. It protrudes somewhat upwards into the pre-fill containment and passes through its bottom down.

  Note that in this example only the vertical structure of the guide structure is mentioned. However, this is not essential.

  In principle, this guiding structure 11 can be provided as an open frame, in particular like a shelf. It is assembled as a substantially closed box with several functional openings, in particular its upper region located in the prefilling container is directly as at the bottom of the prefilling container It is preferable to keep it open sufficiently sufficiently to provide an unimpeded flow of high viscosity material into the shift valve. Thereby, not only the upper opening, but also the opening side, for example towards the supply cylinder, may be advantageous without thereby compromising the correct guidance of the control slide in this region.

  In the lower part of the guide structure 11, a normally closed flap 13 is arranged outside the prefilling container 7. Opening the flap 13 allows access to the interior of the guide structure 11 shaped like a box or housing in the illustrated embodiment.

  This guide structure forms a linear guide for the two control slides 15 and 17 (the guide structure can be seen in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4, in FIG. Hiding). These provide a connection between a supply cylinder on the one hand, a collector tube 19 on the one hand, and a supply line connected to it which is not shown here on the other hand. The collector tube 19 and the start of the supply line are preferably at the same height as the axes of the supply cylinders 3 and 5.

  Since both control slides are preferably identical, the control slide 15 will now be described in more detail in FIG. That part starting with “15” is likewise present at the control slide 17.

  The control slide 15 can be arranged in three different predetermined movement positions in the guide structure with respect to its longitudinal extension. This is done via a drive system discussed later. It also has three different functional parts. There is an inlet portion 15E at the top. It is open towards the pre-filling enclosure and towards the supply cylinder 3, so that it has one opening in its longitudinal axis and another one perpendicular to it. In order to turn the high-viscosity material 90 ° from the pre-filling container into the supply cylinder, a supply sliding part 15S is inserted which means a spherical curved saddle cross section. The free cross section preferably corresponds approximately to the cross section of the supply cylinder 3 and preferably forms a (deflection) angle of 90 °. A suitably angled elbow tube with an inlet that expands on the funnel may be provided at that location and integrated with the structure of the control slide. The inlet portion 15E functions when the control sliding portion 15 is disposed at the lowest position in the guide structure 11. At the same time, the part 15E is closed with a surface facing away from the supply cylinder 3 to form a sealing surface 15D towards the collector tube 19. Thereby, it is achieved that there is no connection with the collector tube at the inlet position of the control slide 15 or that it remains closed with respect to the prefilling containment 7. As will become apparent later, in the sense of continuous feeding, this enables the feeding operation of one respective feeding cylinder during the refilling of one feeding cylinder.

  Following the inlet portion 15E is a blocking or blocking section 15B of the control slide 15. This simply has the purpose of breaking the connection between the supply cylinder and the collector tubes 19 on both sides, visible to the right of the shift valve. When the control slide is in the middle of its three positions, this shut-off section 15B is in front of the opening of the supply cylinder. After being filled with a high viscosity material, it can take a short pre-compression stroke to adapt the pressure in the newly filled high viscosity material to the pressure in the supply line connected to the collector tube. At the same time, a reverse impact on the pressure in the supply line is avoided via the sealing surface 15D towards the collector tube 19.

  This shut-off section, which does not have any flow guiding function, will be kept as short as possible if it is safe for a safe shut-off of the supply cylinder and a considerable precompression pressure. If more precise positioning capability is provided, an extension of slightly more than 250 mm (also a little larger than the diameter of the supply cylinder) should be sufficient.

  At the bottom of the control slide 15, there is a transfer section 15L having the same internal cross section as the supply cylinder 3 and preferably comprising a short, in particular straight tube part opening on both sides. This application of the shape and dimensions of this transfer section 15L can be best seen in FIGS. During operation of the shift valve and high viscosity material pump, it is always filled with high viscosity material.

  As mentioned above, the parts mentioned can be considered as a single module that can be pre-machined and assembled into a control slide.

  In total, this control sliding part forms a 3 / 3-way valve with the inlet sliding part, the opening of the supply cylinder and the opening of the collector tube as a passage, and the three positions described above.

  On the right side of FIG. 3, the geometric layout of the suction section (here 17E) adjacent to the rod (17S) of the control slide (here 17) on the supply cylinder (here 5), as well as the collector tube 19 The position of the sealing surface 17D can be recognized in front of the opening. Here, the high-viscosity material can flow into the opening of the supply cylinder 5 only from the pre-filling container 7 via the sliding part 17S. The same applies for each entry position of the control slide 15.

  The side walls 15W and 17W of the control sliding part can also be seen here. They can be completely closed and are preferably made from a suitable flat material. The top and bottom between each compartment must be provided with cross members between the side walls in order to integrate them into a rigid box that forms the cross section of the control slide and the frame for the components. In the illustrated embodiment, the frame has a plane figure of about 300 mm × 300 mm, for example, and has a height of about 800 mm to 900 mm.

  As a result, a width of about 300 mm is defined by a supply cylinder diameter of 250 mm. The height is determined by the design of the three-section control slide. The depth given above at about 300 mm (the longitudinal dimension of the supply cylinder) can be adapted to the respective structural requirements so as to provide as large an inlet cross-sectional area as possible for the sliding part, Should not be smaller than its own cross-sectional area.

  FIG. 3 also shows some design details of the arrangement of the guiding structure 11, ie the side wall 11W and the central rim 11M. These form the guide surfaces or rails of the control slides 15 and 17. The detailed arrangement of the guide elements follows the selection of suitable and wear resistant materials and shapes by experts in the field.

  From this cutaway view, the shape and technical function of the collector tube 19 become more apparent. It is provided in a known manner as a Y tube, each of its two branch pipes being connected to a control slide 15 or 17, its “mouse” or suction flange 20, not shown in more detail Connected directly to the line.

  The free cross section of the supply line in the mouse area is smaller than that in the inhalation area towards the control slide.

  The compactness of the arrangement due to direct adjoining of the control slide can be seen very well in FIG. In this cutaway view of the guide structure 11, the control slides 15 and 17, which are arranged adjacent to each other at different heights, and for the prefill container 7, the bottom of the prefill container is penetrated by the guide structure 11. It is emphasized that Its bottom 11B is arranged below the bottom of the pre-filling container by 2/3 of the height of the control slide. The guide structure wall 11W and its central rim can be seen in their full range. They are about 2/3 longer than the control slides 15 and 17 themselves.

  If the guide element for the control sliding part does not require it, it is not essential to provide the guide structure wall in a totally closed manner. However, it is advantageous to keep them closed for safety reasons (risk of accidents such as intrusion of foreign objects, preventing people from inadvertently taking their hands).

  The bottom 11B of the guide structure is also shown here as closed. However, in order to drain water penetrating between the control slide and the guide structure, and to avoid air pockets that restrict operation during downward movement of the control slide, it is perforated with Or providing with a discharge lid may be useful.

  Two supply cylinders 3 and 5 are obscured behind the guiding structure 11 and arranged longitudinally in the viewing direction. The control slide 15 is at the same height as in FIGS. 2 and 3, meaning that it is in its maximum possible (transfer) position.

  According to FIG. 3, the control sliding part 17 is also shown in its inlet position, the lowest possible position in the guiding structure 11.

  As a result, the transfer section of the control sliding part 15 is now located in front of the opening of the supply cylinder 3 (which is arranged behind and concealed). The supply cylinder is temporarily fluidly connected to the collector tube 19 and the supply line so that it can discharge the filled and pre-compressed high viscosity material.

  On the other hand, the inlet compartment 17E of the control sliding part 17 is in front of the opening of the supply cylinder 5, so that the supply cylinder 5 is connected to the prefilling reservoir 7, so that it can be refilled.

  In FIG. 5, discussed later, this corresponds to phase 7 of the shift phase of the shift valve.

  At the same time, the transfer section 17L of the control sliding part 17 is arranged at its lowest position at the height of the flap 13 indicated by the dashed circle (see FIG. 1). In this context, the flap 13 can be provided for each control slide 15 and 17 and due to the close proximity of both control slides within the guide structure, the flap 13 Note that a common maintenance and exhaust flap for both control slides 15 and 17 can also be formed. In that case it must of course be wide enough to provide unrestricted access (especially for the insertion of the cleaning body) into both control slides (or their respective tubing sections). Since no pressure is exerted on these flaps during normal operation, they do not need to be very strong and need not be particularly sealed. However, as mentioned above, they should be able to be secured securely so as to prevent opening during operation of the shift valve 9.

  By arranging the guide structure 11 at the bottom level of the pre-filling enclosure 7, the respective inlet section of the control slide bridges the height difference where the high viscosity material flows by itself. It is clear that can be obtained. As can be clearly seen in FIG. 2, this high viscosity material flows down from the top according to gravity, depending on the height of the inlet section (about 250-300 mm) (in the supply cylinder after a 90 ° bend). Offset horizontally. Thus, the true bottom of the pre-fill containment is located slightly above the openings of the supply cylinders 3 and 5, so that the basic advantage of static pressure in the area of the cylinder openings makes refilling and suctioning easier. Used to do.

  Each intermediate position of the control slides (“cutoff position”) is exactly halfway between the extreme positions of the control slides 15 and 17, as shown in FIG. It can be adjusted and fixed directly via the drive, or an additional mechanical fixing device or support for fixing the moving position in a fixed manner can be provided as described above. However, the latter is not shown here.

  FIG. 4 also shows the drive variant described above in a highly schematic manner. On the left side, a tandem row 21 or assembly 21 of lifting cylinders is provided at the control sliding part 15. A first lifting cylinder 25 is attached to the fixed point 23, and its rod end piece supports an additional lifting cylinder 27. The latter rod end piece is connected to the flat sliding portion 15 via a console 29 shown only in principle. Certainly, the guide structure 11 is provided with a longitudinal opening, and the console 29 is guided in a sliding manner. Both lifting cylinders are provided with a double motion structure. The elevating cylinder 27 must be provided with a flexible supply line.

  As can be seen, the rod end pieces of both lift cylinders 25 and 27 are fully extended. By reversing one of the rod end pieces, the control slide 15 can first be brought to its intermediate position (blocking position). When the second rod end piece also moves backward, the control sliding part reaches its lowest position (inlet position). In the opposite direction of movement, the rod end piece is then stretched from one to the next so that in the proper arrangement the strokes of the lifting cylinders 25 and 27 together accurately define the position of the plane sliding part.

  As an alternative, the drive part of the plane sliding part 17 is provided on the right side as a double-action two-stage telescoping cylinder 31. It is placed directly between the fixed point 33 and the console 35, which is shown only in principle, and the console is connected to the control slide 17 in a fixed manner. It is also movable in the guide structure 11 through the longitudinal opening. Since the control sliding portion 17 is at its lowest (inlet) position, the elevating cylinder 31 is also completely retracted. By extending the rod end piece to the first stage or lift position, it places the control slide 17 in the blocking position, and in the second stage, the rod end piece is further extended by the extension of the rod end piece. The moving part 17 reaches the transfer position.

  Referring again to FIG. 2, in relation to the lowest position of the control slide 17 of FIG. 2, after opening the flap or flaps 13, it is still in the tubing section 15 L or 17 L (the latter is indicated by a dashed line). It becomes clear that the remaining high viscosity material can be easily removed. During normal operation of the shift valve, this relatively small amount or column of high viscosity material is, of course, not necessary since it is discharged again into the collector tube and into the supply line with the next supply or discharge stroke.

  Since the transfer section in this position is completely separated from the supply line, there is no elevated pressure in it. In addition, by means of appropriate measures, it is ensured that the flap 13 cannot be opened when the high-viscosity material pump and the shift valve are operating during the feeding operation, and that the shift valve cannot be moved while the flap is open. Will be done.

  After the flap 13 is opened, the cleaning body 37 (also indicated by the dashed line in FIG. 2) can also be loaded into the transfer sections 15L and 17L (which have been manually removed beforehand in a suitable manner). After closing the flap 13 it can be moved in the transfer section between the respective supply cylinders or between the openings of the collector tube 19 by switching the control slide. Subsequently, it removes the residual high-viscosity material from those lines by removing the collector tubes and the supply lines, for example by compressed air, which is supplied here via a feed cylinder (not shown) between the supply cylinder and the control slide. Moved on the street.

  These two are also purged by the passage of the cleaning body through both branches of the collector or Y tube 19, thereby double the cleaning body (following both branches of the collector tube and then through a common supply line). It is possible to increase the integrity of the cleaning of the supply line by passing through. It should be understood that the same cleaning body can be used twice for both processes, or different cleaning bodies can be used.

  By means of the appropriate shape of the collector tube in the connection area and / or by simultaneously applying pressure in both branches of the collector tube 19, the cleaning body in the previously cleaned collector tube branch in its second pass. You can be assured that you will not be caught.

  Referring to FIG. 5, the time-distance diagram of the supply piston and the moving phase of the control slides 15 and 17 of the shift valve 9 after taking in all the main parts of the high viscosity material pump and its peripherals, The supply process itself and the control of the high viscosity material pump and its shift valve will be clarified and discussed in detail. The two pistons of the supply cylinders 3 and 5 are indicated only as reference numbers K3 and K5 at the start of their respective diagrams. The operation or operation cycle of the piston K3 is indicated by a broken line, and that of the piston K5 is indicated by a solid line.

  The reduced schematic representation of the shift valve described above for the shift valve corresponding to the diagram of FIG. 4 is numbered from 1 to 8, and is shown next to each other in a time-plotted diagram, vertical They are separated from each other via lines.

  In phase 1 both control slides 15 and 17 are in their “transfer position”. This means that their transfer sections 15L and 17L are simultaneously arranged in front of the openings of the supply cylinders 3 and 5 (also in the following starting position). Both supply cylinders 3 and 5 are also connected to the collector tube 19 and the subsequent supply line. None of the supply cylinders are in communication with the prefilling enclosure 7.

  According to phase 1 of the diagram, the piston K3 of the supply cylinder 3 moves towards the end of the pump stroke, while the piston K5 of the cylinder 5 (newly filled) is replaced with a new pump after pre-compression. Just starting from the stroke. Both pistons are moving in parallel in the same direction at a relatively slow speed. This can be referred to as a “synchronous movement phase”.

  Phase 2 is a transition period of the supply cylinder 3 between the pump stroke and the suction stroke. The control slide 15 preferably moved downward by half of its full stroke after stopping the piston K3, while the control slide 17 remained stopped. The opening of the supply cylinder 3 is tightly sealed by the blocking section 15B, and its piston K3 stops for a short time ("transition phase") before changing its stroke direction. The supply cylinder 3 is completely closed with respect to the collector tube 19. This intermediate or shut-off position of the control slide 15 safely avoids fluid shortcuts between one pumping and the other suction supply cylinder.

  During this relatively short phase, the control slide 15 can move. Alternatively, if the blocking section 15b is provided very short as discussed, it can be temporarily stopped.

  During this time, piston K5 continues to be within its pump stroke, as can also be seen in diagram phase 2. However, the slope of the movement is now steeper, which means that its forward speed has increased to a normal level (eg double) compared to the previous sync phase 1. This ensures a continuous flow of high viscosity material in the supply line compared to phase 1.

  Phase 3 shows the first ultimate relative position of both control slides. The control sliding portion 15 was displaced downward to its full stroke (for example, to a stroke slightly larger than 500 mm as a whole). It is now located at its inlet position, its sliding part 15S is in front of the opening of the supply cylinder 3, and at the same time the control sliding part 17 is still in the "transfer position" and still feeds from the supply cylinder 5 Stays in the supply line.

  This diagram is phase 3 and piston K5 is still operating at full speed or at full pump power, while piston K3 is preferably in soft start and end, but with a higher intake stroke at the pump stroke overall. This shows what to do (inhalation phase). Due to the normal (by weight) pressure of the high-viscosity material in the pre-filling enclosure and its hydrodynamically advantageous guidance of the sliding part 15S, the supply cylinder 3 is filled in an optimal manner.

  Again in this phase, it may be advantageous to temporarily stop the reciprocating movement of the control slide 15 so that the full suction stroke can be performed with the supply cylinder 3 fully open.

  The position of the shift valve 9 in phase 4 in FIG. The control slide 15 is pushed up from its suction position by the first half of its stroke. Then, as can be seen from the diagram, the piston K3 of the supply cylinder 3 (completely fixed again by the shut-off section 15B of the control slide 15) preferably supplies the high-viscosity material just taken in at low density. Up to the current operating pressure of the line can be pre-compressed with a very short stroke ("pre-compression phase"). This is to prevent the system from impacting when the cylinder opening is again connected to the feed stream from the transfer section 15L in the next phase and to the air bubbles entrained with the high viscosity material and the collector. It is also recommended for counter pressure from the tube 19 and the supply line. Again, the control slide can be temporarily stopped or at least reduced in speed.

  Piston K5 has just entered the end phase of its pump stroke with full speed.

  Phase 5 corresponds exactly to phase 1 with respect to the position of the shift valve 9 (starting position of “synchronous phase”). Similarly, the diagram at phase 5 is now in the role that pistons K3 and K5 have exchanged (relative to phase 1), reinitiating their phase change operation with a simultaneous pumping at a reduced speed. Is shown. Next, the operation cycle of the control sliding part 17 starts.

  Phase 6 is a mirror image of phase 2. According to the diagram phase 6, only the piston K3 is now pumped at full speed, while the shut-off section 17B of the control sliding part 17 tightly seals the supply cylinder 5 and the piston K5 is at rest. The control sliding part 17 has moved downward by half of its entire stroke.

  Phase 7 is a mirror image of phase 3. As mentioned earlier, FIG. 4 also shows this phase. The control sliding part 17 has reached its lowest position. The supply cylinder 5 is refilled. The piston K5 returns to its starting position according to the diagram phase 7, and the high viscosity material flows into the supply cylinder 5 via the sliding part 17S. At the same time, the supply cylinder 3 supplies the maximum pumping force and its piston K5 is at the maximum forward speed.

  At phase 8, which is a mirror image of phase 4, piston K5 pre-compresses the newly filled high viscosity material while piston K3 reaches the end phase of its pumping stroke. In the diagram, the entire operating cycle of the two cylinder high viscosity material pump is now complete and another operation continues again at phase 1.

  To highlight the speed, pressure, and force during operation of the high viscosity material pump in continuous feed, the entire course of phases 1-8 is shown as shown through the labeled time axis below the diagram. It must be mentioned that it happens in just 6 seconds. Thereby, the piston of the supply cylinder has to actuate a full stroke of approximately 1 meter long, while the full stroke of the control slide is in the range of 500 mm and 600 mm.

  For further explanation of the diagram of FIG. 5, it must first be repeated at phases 1 and 5 that both pistons simultaneously pump high viscosity material into the collector tube 19 and the supply line. During these phases, their speeds are adjusted relative to each other so that their total supply volume corresponds to the supply volume of a single piston at a defined forward speed. Thereby, together with a newly started piston pre-compression phase, a substantially unimpacted constant feed volume of the high viscosity material pumping is achieved.

  In all other phases, only one piston is in pumping motion and therefore it is preferred to operate at a constant speed. The static pressure in each non-operating branch of the collector tube 19 thus corresponds to the pressure in the supply line. It is safely received by the control slide seal surfaces 15D and 17D in the shut-off and / or inlet position.

  The design of the shift valve and the dedicated forward movement control of the supply piston according to the present invention achieves a constant output of high viscosity material pumping at a common pumping stroke phase compared to the single pumping force of the piston. And thereby substantially eliminate the pulsation of the high viscosity material flow in the supply line. This is particularly facilitated by pre-compression of the high viscosity material in phases 4 and 8, thereby avoiding gaps in the newly filled feed cylinder 3 or 5 or not being constrained by pressure ("buffer space"). Connection to the supply line is made. The volume of high viscosity material in the “reactivated” transfer section 15L or 17L is negligible for such a buffering effect.

  A considerable force is applied to the control slides 15 and 17 through the pre-compression step (phases 4 and 8), however, they are robust and even relatively simple linear slides in the guide structure 11 Easily received and transmitted via the carrier. This also results in the advantage of a substantially linear sliding support as well as the advantage of a permanent connection with the supply line at the downstream end of the collector tube 19.

  Advantageously, the weight of the high-viscosity material can maintain a rapid supply towards the cylinder opening to be supplied via the sliding part of the control sliding part.

  The momentary position of the pistons K3 and K5 of the control sliding parts 15 and 17 can be detected directly by the appropriate sensors (distance sensor, position sensor, pressure sensor) at the respective drive parts in some cases. . This sensor preferably supplies these position signals to a central control unit of the high-viscosity material pump, which controls the drive of the supply pistons K3 and K5 and the shift valve 9.

  In particular, it controls the deceleration of their forward speed when supplying from both supply cylinders simultaneously. Both pistons do not necessarily have to be controlled at half speed, assuming that approximately one piston is controlled to 1/3 of full speed (assuming the same diameter and the same full stroke) and the other is at full speed. It can be controlled to 2/3. The goal is to keep the feed flow of the high viscosity material in the feed line as constant as possible.

  Furthermore, this control unit stops the shift valve on the one hand or slows it down when the newly filled supply cylinder is fixed by the shut-off section of the associated control slide 15 or 17 during this time interval. The movement must be adjusted and on the other hand the precompression stroke of the associated piston must be controlled. This requires an additional pressure sensor which can optionally be placed in a piston in the cylinder or even in the pressurized branch of the collector tube 19. Blocking of the control slides 15 and 17 due to increasing pressure during pre-compression can be reliably eliminated through the pressure limiter.

  For example, in the synchronization phase, the transition phase and other phases of the inlet or suction phase, the decelerated speed of the control slides 15/17 between the reversal points, as well as their instantaneous stopping, can be advantageous. . On the one hand, the overall control slide is stationary so that the available flow cross-section is not reduced too much by the overlap between the shut-off compartment and the feed cylinder opening, and on the other hand, excessive sliding speed is not required. Careful comparison must be made between time and travel time.

  For continuous operation of the high viscosity material pump, it may also be useful to operate at a constant speed without slowing down or stopping through various sliding positions.

  FIG. 6 once again pays more attention to the control by the sliding drive 21 with the tandem lifting cylinder shown on the left in FIG. Again, a fixed point 23 provided with a connection (preferably at the housing of the shift valve 9), and lift cylinders 25 and 27 both arranged in series on top of each other, and a control not shown here The console 29 for the sliding part can be seen. The lift cylinders 25 and 27 are shown here in a schematic cut-away view so that the three operating phases of this drive concept become apparent from right to left. On the far left, both lift cylinders are loaded on their rod side and are in their lowest positions. Therefore, the control slide is in its entrance position. In the intermediate phase, the lower elevating cylinder 25 is loaded on the piston side and is in its upper position, while the upper elevating cylinder that moves together is still loaded on the rod side (control sliding part). Blocking position). The third phase shows that both lift cylinders are in a fully extended position (loading position of the control sliding part) with a load applied to the piston side. These phases are performed in the opposite direction to lower both lift cylinders. In accordance with the previously discussed positions of each of the control bodies of the previous figure, the three phases of FIGS. 6-8 are indicated by the letters E (inlet position), B (blocking position) and L (transfer position). ing.

  FIG. 7 shows the same process with a two-stage telescoping cylinder 31 shown on the right side of FIG. A fixed point 33 attached to the housing of the shift valve 9 by means of a pivotable connection supports the lifting cylinder, which is connected via a console 35 by its rod to the control slide. Again, three operating positions of the lifting cylinder 31 are provided, and an additional stop or blocking mechanism is provided for the intermediate position in order to make this position accessible in a clear manner. Although it is possible to directly fix the hydraulic pressure at this intermediate position directly in the elevating cylinder 31, there is a possibility that it cannot be adjusted sufficiently accurately for the required continuous operation. A small lift cylinder 39, which is fixedly attached to the shift valve housing via an additional fixed console in some cases, is actually provided here, and its rod piece extends into the stroke of the telescoping cylinder 31. it can.

  In FIG. 7, three movement phases similar to FIG. 6, or positions E, B and L can also be seen from left to right. On the far left, the telescopic cylinder is loaded on the rod side and is in its lowest position. The blocking cylinder 39 is retracted. In the middle, the telescoping cylinder extends halfway, and its rod end piece abuts against the rod end piece of the shut-off cylinder 39, which also stretched between them, so that it reaches the intermediate position (cut-off position) here. Yes. In the right-hand phase, the shut-off cylinder 39 is retracted again, so that the path to the uppermost fully extended (stopped) position of the rod of the telescopic cylinder 31 is free. Thus, the control slide (not shown) connected via the console is now also in its uppermost (transfer) position L.

  FIG. 8 shows the equivalent of FIG. This means a two-stage controllable long stroke lift cylinder 41 with a shutoff cylinder 43. Fixing point 33 and console 35 are the same as in FIGS. Again, on the far left, the long stroke lift cylinder 41 is in its lowest possible position E with the rod loaded. The blocking cylinder 43 is retracted. During the transition of the lifting cylinder 41 (which is then loaded on the piston side) to its intermediate position (B), the shut-off cylinder 43 is also extended, so that its rod end piece becomes the rod end of the lifting cylinder 41. Enter into the passage of the piece and block it at an intermediate position. At the far right in FIG. 8, the shut-off cylinder 43 is retracted again, and the rod of the lift cylinder 41 can be extended to its uppermost position (L).

  Again in the configuration according to FIGS. 7 and 8, of course, for the lower movement of the associated control slide, the previously discussed movement phase or position reversal procedure is required, which loads the rod side of the lifting cylinder. Is controlled by

  It will be understood that the shut-off cylinders 39 and 43 or the rod end piece with the respective lifting cylinder must be adjusted in any case so that the central position can be adjusted accurately during the upward movement of the lifting cylinder. I want. The schematically simplified arrangement shown here only serves to better understand the operating principles of these drives, and is based on a limited installation and cooperation between the lift and shut-off cylinders. It is only reflected in.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an assembly of a high viscosity material pump having additional functional components. 1 is a side cross-sectional view of a high viscosity material pump having a multiple control sliding shift valve according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a cut through the central axis of the supply cylinder of the high viscosity material pump according to FIG. 2 (line II-II) to emphasize the position of the supply cylinder, shift valve and collector tube. FIG. 3 is a front view of a shift valve having two parallel control slides, tilted by 90 ° with respect to FIG. 2 (cut along line III-III in FIG. 1). FIG. 4 is a time-distance diagram of the phase shift stroke of both pistons of a high viscosity material pump for each position of two control slides. It is a figure of the 1st drive deformation body for control sliding parts provided with two hydraulic raising / lowering cylinders in a tandem arrangement. FIG. 6 is a view of a second drive variant for a control slide with a telescoping cylinder that can be extended in two stages. FIG. 9 is a third drive variant for a control slide with a single long stroke lift cylinder.

Claims (33)

A multi-cylinder high-viscosity material pump (1) for supplying at least two supply cylinders (3, 5) from a pre-filled reservoir (7) into the supply line, in particular for supplying concrete, At least two movable valve bodies each comprising a transfer section (15L, 17L) between each of the supply cylinders and the supply line, the downstream part of the supply cylinder being connected to a collector tube (19) In a high viscosity material pump (1) having a shift valve (9) for alternately connecting the supply cylinder to the associated supply line, comprising 15, 17)
Said shift valve (9) comprises at least one but preferably two substantially linearly movable control slides (15, 17), each of said control slides being associated with an associated supply cylinder Multi-cylinder high-viscosity material pump (5), characterized in that it has linear transfer sections (15L, 17L) for connecting each of (3, 5) to the supply line, and sections for blocking the connection. 1).   The shift valve (9) comprises a guide structure (11) for a control slide (15, 17) having an opening for allowing a flow of high viscosity material to pass through. The high-viscosity material pump according to 1.   The guide structure (11) is fixed and pre-filled and stored so that the control sliding portion (15, 17) and the inlet opening of the control sliding portion are always in contact with the filled high viscosity material. High viscosity material pump according to claim 2, characterized in that it is mounted in a vessel (7).   The guide structure (11) is provided substantially in the form of a box or a frame so as to form a separate guide for each control slide (15, 17). The high viscosity material pump according to 2 or 3.   The control sliding part (15, 17) in at least two different positions in the guide structure (11), ie a transfer position in which the supply cylinder can be discharged into the collector tube (19), and the supply The high according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a cylinder can be arranged in each of the shut-off or inlet positions where high viscosity material can be drawn from the pre-fill containment (7). Viscous material pump.   The high-viscosity material pump according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the control sliding parts (15, 17) are manufactured identically.   The control slide (15, 17) is divided into three compartments over the stroke of the control slide, one of these compartments being the transfer compartment (15L, 17L) and the other being an inlet The high-viscosity material pump according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it is a compartment (15E, 17E).   The high-viscosity material pump according to claim 7, characterized in that a blocking section (15B, 17B) having no flow-through function is provided between the transfer section and the inlet section.   9. High-viscosity material pump according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the compartments of the control slide (15, 17) are provided as a single module and are connected to one another in particular separably. .   The guide structure (11) according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises at least one flap (13) for removing high-viscosity material from the transfer section of the control slide (15, 17). The high-viscosity material pump according to any one of the above.   11. High viscosity material pump according to claim 10, characterized in that a common flap is provided for several control slides (15, 17).   12. The control sliding part (15, 17) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that it can be driven and positioned independently of each other, in particular via a hydraulic lifting cylinder. High viscosity material pump.   A tandem lift cylinder row (21) having two lift cylinders (25, 27) connected in series is provided as a drive part for the control sliding part, and each stroke of the lift cylinder is at one position. The high-viscosity material pump according to claim 12, which corresponds to the movement of the control sliding part from one position to the next.   A telescopic lifting cylinder (31) having two lifting steps is provided as a driving portion for the control sliding portion, and each of the lifting cylinders moves the control sliding portion from one position to the next position. The high-viscosity material pump according to claim 12, characterized by correspondingly.   The plurality of elevating cylinders are arranged in parallel adjacent to the plurality of control sliding portions, and are connected to the control sliding portion via a plurality of consoles (29, 35), and the guide structure (11) The high-viscosity material pump according to claim 13 or 14, comprising a control sliding part guide for the console.   16. The transfer section (15L, 17L) of the control slide (15, 17) comprises a cylindrical tube having the same diameter as the supply cylinder. High viscosity material pump.   High viscosity material pump according to claim 7, characterized in that a path changing system (15S, 17S) is provided in the inlet compartment (15E, 17E) of the control sliding part.   The shift valve, the control sliding part, and the instantaneous position of the supply piston of the supply cylinder are supplied by a position indicator, and the control slide part and the drive part of the supply piston are periodically arranged in a predetermined time distance pattern. The high-viscosity material pump according to any one of claims 1 to 17, further comprising a control unit that performs control according to:   At least two open supply cylinders (3, 5) in which the high viscosity material pump has supply pistons (K3, K5) and an associated supply cylinder which is adapted to the operation of said supply pistons and can be controlled independently of each other Suction compartment (15E) for sucking in high-viscosity material from the prefilling reservoir (7) via at least one transfer compartment (15L, 17L) for connection with a supply line and said associated supply cylinder (3, 5) , 17E) with a shift valve (9) having a control slide (15, 17), at least two control slides (15, 17) being used for the preliminary and simultaneous removal of high-viscosity material In order for the transfer section (15L, 17L) to be located in the transfer section connecting the associated supply cylinder to the supply line, the synchronous movement phase of the supply pistons (K3, K5) Periodically controlled, high-viscosity material pump for continuous feeding, a method of operating a high-viscosity material pump (1) according to particular any one of claims 1 to 18.   The supply pistons (K3, K5) in the synchronous phase are adjusted to each other so that the amount of high viscosity material pumped simultaneously by the supply pistons during the suction stroke of one piston (K3 or K5) 20. A method as claimed in claim 19, wherein (K5 or K3) is approximately equal to that provided alone.   At the start of the pump stroke of the corresponding supply piston (K3, K5) of each supply cylinder (3, 5), its opening is temporarily closed via the blocking section (15B, 17B) of the control sliding part. 21. A method according to claim 19 or 20, wherein the piston performs a pre-compression stroke.   Each pump stroke of the piston has at least a pre-compression phase (phase 4/8), a first synchronization phase (phase 1/5), a pump phase (phases 2-4 / 6-8) and a second synchronization phase ( Method according to claim 21, characterized in that it comprises phase 5/1).   23. One of the claims 19-22, characterized in that during the synchronization phase both feed pistons (K3, K5) are driven at the same speed, in particular at half the prescribed speed of their further pump stroke. The method described in 1.   24. A pump stroke according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transition phase (phase 2/6) with stationary feed piston follows during the continuous pump stroke of another feed piston. The method described in 1.   20. The suction stroke (phase 3/7) of each piston is faster than its pump stroke, especially between the transition phase (phase 2/6) and the precompression phase (phase 4/8). The method according to any one of -24.   26. A method according to claim 25, characterized in that the suction stroke of each piston includes a start slope and a stop slope for deceleration.   27. A method according to any one of claims 19 to 26, characterized in that the control slide (15, 17) temporarily decelerates or stops during the synchronization phase.   28. A method according to any one of claims 19 to 27, characterized in that the control slide (15, 17) temporarily decelerates or stops during the pre-compression phase.   29. A method according to any one of claims 19 to 28, characterized in that the control slide (15, 17) temporarily decelerates or stops during the transition phase.   30. A method according to any one of claims 19 to 29, characterized in that the control slide (15, 17) temporarily decelerates or stops during the inhalation phase.   The control sliding portion (15, 17) is disposed at an operation position when the operation of the high-viscosity material pump is interrupted, and can remove the remaining high-viscosity material and insert a cleaning body when desired. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 30.   32. The method of claim 31, wherein the operating position is at the entry position of the control slide.   33. A method according to claim 31 or 32, characterized in that a safety device for preventing the start of the control slide is activated during the removal and / or insertion process.

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