KR100783630B1 - Rice seed direct seeding method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention, in directing the rice seed using a straightener,

Fertilizer furrow 60 mm deep from the ground and fertilizer bone 80 mm deep from the ground using fertilizer furrow forming projections and seed furrow forming projections alternately formed on the bottom of the front and rear hulls of the manipulator which is towed behind the tractor. Forming side by side with a spacing of 30 mm, and sprinkled rice seed and fertilizer on the seeded bone and fertilizer bone by a seeding machine, respectively; The rice seed is seeded bone seeded with neutralized siliceous fertilizer and the fertilizer bone is a rice seed straight method characterized in that the soil covered by the soil by the rear housing.

Straight way, rice seed straight way

Description

Rice seed method {RICE SEED DIRECT SEEDING METHOD}             

1 is a view showing a straight wave process proceeded by the rice seed loom and this loom according to the present invention

Figure 2 is a state of completion of sowing, fertilization, covering the present invention

[Description of Symbols for Main Parts of Drawing]

1: sowing bone 2: fertilizer bone

3: rice seed 4: siliceous fertilizer

5: fertilizer

The present invention relates to a rice seed straightening method for directing soybean seeds, in particular, sowing and fertilizing the seed and fertilizer in each of the seeding bone and fertilizer bone while forming the seeding bone and the fertilizer bone, and siliceous fertilizer on the rice seed It relates to a rice seed straightening method including covering the cover.

Physiological, biochemical and morphological changes in the germination process of all crop seeds are dependent on water absorption and imbibition → hydration of tissues in the seed → absorption of oxygen → activity and degradation of enzymes → excretion ( In the embryo, the current flow of the hydrolyzate is increased by increasing respiration and assimilation, by the onset of cell division and elongation, and by the appearance of the embryo. Therefore, even under direct seeding conditions, the germination conditions of such seeds must be met and at least the following conditions must be met.

In other words, it is known that in seed cultivation of rice seed, normal seed germination is required to absorb about one third of the weight of the seed, and this moisture content is suitable for germination even as soil pavement. In other words, the closer the soil moisture reaches to the counterfeit point, the lower the germination rate and partial absorption of water occurs even in the moisture state which is less than the proper moisture required for germination, but germination is reduced or germination inhibition. Therefore, in dry condition in rice direct cultivation condition, the dry condition occurs repeatedly and the vitality of seeds decreases, resulting in low germination and germination rate. On the other hand, even in fresh water, rice seeds are aquatic plants, but their oxygen concentration is lower than atmospheric oxygen concentration, but they can germinate. However, in deep water, low dissolved oxygen by muddy water or contaminated irrigation water, the germination rate is significantly lowered. Therefore, the optimum germination condition of rice seed is suitable for the munon (nongung) condition, which is the soil water content, and the covering condition is covered as cover material to prevent the drying of sprouted seeds after sowing. Work is essential.

In addition, most crop seeds become optimal germination environmental conditions at atmospheric oxygen concentration (20%). However, if the oxygen concentration falls below 20%, germination is reduced, and in the case of rice seeds, germination is possible even in anaerobic state, but abnormal seedlings are generated and grown. Therefore, germination and seedling growth of normal rice seeds are difficult with very low dissolved oxygen under freshwater conditions. However, under Munon cover soil conditions, sprouted rice seeds are covered with dry sand, allowing free air inflow and being placed under optimal oxygen environment conditions for growing rice seeds, resulting in good germination and seedling emergence. In view of such cover zippyron and practice, the cover after seeding must be made to prevent the drying of seeds.

However, commonly used cover materials such as sand and soil are somewhat satisfactory in moisturizing and ventilating effects, but they should be specially considered as they have only some advantages that satisfy only the conditions for preventing drying and preventing new damage. The effect on the germination improvement of the rice seed is negligible.

In addition, fertilization for sowing seeds is usually applied to the surface of the paddy field, so fertilization efficiency is low due to denitrification, so that the initial growth of seeds is lowered, and lumps are caused by phosphate fertilizers. Soil admixture treatment has been devised by fertilization, but it is not actually applied, and even if it is not applied to soil, fertilization rate is not slow and high, so the optimal germination rate cannot be expected.

Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the main object of the present invention by forming a fertilizer bone adjacent to the seeding bone by spraying the fertilizer on the fertilizer bone by fertilization and side fertilization The first purpose is to increase fertilizer absorption rate,

By using neutralized siliceous fertilizer which provides good conditions for germination and growth of rice seed as a cover material, it provides a rice seed directing method with a second purpose to obtain the effects of moisturizing effect, active growth effect, suppression of disease occurrence and soil improvement. It is.

The object of the present invention is to straighten rice seed using a straightener,
Fertilizer furrow 60 mm deep from the ground and fertilizer bone 80 mm deep from the ground using fertilizer furrow forming projections and seed furrow forming projections alternately formed on the bottom of the front and rear hulls of the manipulator which is towed behind the tractor. Forming side by side with a spacing of 30 mm, and sprinkled rice seed and fertilizer on the seeded bone and fertilizer bone by a seeding machine, respectively; The seeded seeded bone is covered with neutralized siliceous fertilizer and the fertilizer bone is covered by covering the soil as soil by the rear housing.

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Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

The rice seed straightening method of the present invention has to cover (cover) the sprouted (minest) rice seed as a siliceous fertilizer, and it has a basic principle that it is used for side-by-side fertilization, but the side-by-side fertilization is carried out. Looking at it as follows.

First, as a first step, rice seed is processed so that it is in a state capable of direct wave.

1. Db seed basically prepares good seed, but the seed weight is best around 4kg per 10ha. However, due to relatively high adoption rate (> 95%), there may be a slight variation in consideration of paddy soil, weather conditions and sowing time.

2. Rice seeds used for cover soil should be removed by using demagnetizers.

3. All rice seeds must be disinfected with disinfectants (or pesticides) to prevent rice pests (long legs, blasts, nematodes, etc.).

4. The sterilized rice seed should be sprouted through invasion or infancy. The length of sprouting is good in the length of 1 ~ 2mm, and if it is too long, the shoots fall easily when passing through the roller during the seeding work.

5. The sprouted rice seed should be taken out of the water two to three hours before sowing and dried on the surface of rice seed. If it is wet with moisture on the surface of rice seed, it is difficult to pass the seed container and the roller by the surface tension during the sowing process.

In the second step, we begin the preparation of the main article.

1. Make arguments.

The plowing work has been mainly done using mock plows, triple plows and disc flows, but in recent years, it has become very useful for rice cultivation by supplying spike plows with high efficiency while supplementing the problems of plows. It is used.

2. Harrow.

Harrowing is a very important task in rice farming as a function of evenly arranging rice paddies while crushing soil after plowing. Conventional harrowing has been widely used for tractor-attached rotators, which are widely used in farms. However, as more precise and even paddy-balancing work is required recently, various rotators such as wide-width rotators and bungee-attached rotators This is spreading.

3. Firing Rice Fields

In rice cultivation, rice paddy (non-knitting, non-drying) is one of the most important works. Hardening of the rice paddies should be done with the following careful process:

a) After harrowing, lower the water head to completely drain the water. At this time, when the herbicide is treated simultaneously with manure or harrowing, it is effective to drain the water after a certain time until the sediment of the muddy water subsides.

b) In areas where drainage is not easy, it is very effective to add water as little as possible during harrowing and to at least add enough water for harrowing.

c) Drying of rice fields should take into account comprehensive conditions of discussion, Saturn (common answers, sandy soils, wetlands, etc.) and weather conditions (frequent rainfall, heavy rain, etc.).

d) The level of rice hardening should be 5 to 10 days after harrowing (especially soil-normal answer) and dried completely so that the paddy field incontinence (crack) is formed as a whole.

e) If the paddy field leveling is not carried out, it should meet the criteria for the lowest level of paddy field hardening.

f) Paddy field should be dried to the extent that the V-shaped bone is completely formed by the bone forming machine (manipulator) during the seeding process, and work should be avoided if the bone collapses or water accumulates inside the bone. .

4. Preparation of cover material

One of the most important materials in rice paddy cultivation is the material that covers seeds immediately after sowing seed. As the most laid cover material so far, fine sand has been preferred, but by replacing it with siliceous fertilizer, various good effects can be obtained.

Looking more closely at siliceous fertilizers, rice is a plant and plant that grows in water, and because it has the specificity that contains silicic acid in the amount of 5-10% of its own weight more than other ingredients, it is called siliceous plant. However, if it is contained within 5%, it becomes deficient.

Silicic acid is not an essential element for maintaining normal growth of plants, but as in rice, it increases yield by increasing photosynthetic efficiency, promoting material current, reducing pests, and alleviating meteorological disorders. It is known to improve the quality by reducing the production cost by improving the water quality, improving the fertility of the soil, reducing the pests and disasters, and so called silicic acid as an agriculturally essential element. As if the medicine is not essential for humans, but the effect is very large, not only can silicic acid be a great effect as a medicine for rice farming, but it is also nontoxic and has a function of neutralizing various components.

The specific effects of the use of such siliceous fertilizers as cover soil materials are listed as follows.

a) effect in soil

When silicic acid is used in the soil, it increases the soil pH and regulates the validity of other components to reduce the excess absorption and toxicity of harmful components. Enhances the medicinal function to supply nutrients safely to rice.

b) effects in plants

When the silicic acid component is accumulated on the leaves, the leaves are upright, which enhances photosynthetic efficiency by improving the light receiving posture, promotes the material current, and reduces the production of ethylene, a growth inhibitory hormone, by reducing the foliar aging and gastric acid by reducing the production of hormones. Increase the vitality of the conductors involved.

c) adaptation effects to the external environment;

Sieves in the carcasses are carved into the carcasses, which increases the resistance to doping, reduces the conditions and preferences of the disease layer. During cold and warm conditions, the silicic acid component reduces the cold seam by balancing the cations in the cell tissue. Protect from the environment

d) appearance of the valley

When the appearance of grains is expressed as coloration, spots, etc., the output of water is uniform for silicic acid, and the material current and maturation are good, so that the number of perfect grains is increased, the color is brighter, the color becomes yellow, and the resistance to pest and meteorological disaster is increased. The number and spots are significantly reduced.

e) rice quality

Even if the appearance characteristics are good, the quality of the rice is good only if the quality of the product increases and the taste of the rice is good. Silicate applications reduce rice puffs and white rice, resulting in an increase in the total number of grains and mechanical taste for comprehensive evaluation of the taste of rice.

f) promoting soil fertility

Most chemicals such as pesticides and fertilizers are consumed only by the inherent function of the product, so they often cause side effects. However, siliceous fertilizers can be called economic fertilizers with complex effects such as replenishing other components, replacing functions and reinforcing intellect.

g) fertilization efficiency

It is economical to improve the utilization efficiency by controlling the effectiveness of other components in the soil, and to reduce the amount of fertilizer by increasing the utilization efficiency of nitrogenous fertilizer by maintaining chlorophyll for a long time by reducing the volatilization loss from the body of nitrogen fertilizer, which has a lot of loss.

 h) Promote pest and disaster resistance

When the silicic acid content in the conductor is high, the mechanical resistance against pests or doping is maintained, and the content ratio of SiO ₂ / TN, K ₂ O, etc. in the conductor is increased, thereby making it resistant to other obstacles such as pests and cold damage.

i) water saving effect

The loss of water from the paddy field is permeated into the paddy field or ground in the early stage of growth, and then evaporated to the surface of the water. In particular, the cultivation area is gradually increasing, while the recapture period is long, and the amount of irrigation water is high and the quality is slightly deteriorated. The silicic acid is used as a supplement to reduce water consumption.

Silicate is not absorbed in the water along the water, but is spread to the ground by energy metabolism of the roots, so if the roots are not healthy, they are not absorbed. The absorbed silicic acid migrates to the terminal part of the leaf, and water has been reported to have an effect of about 30% at the moisture boundary.

Moisture transpiration in the leaves is exuded or dehydrated through the epidermis, manual, and pores. The long-term supply of silicic acid to carcasses and the short-term supply of silicic acid are inhibited by long-term supply of silicic acid. The number of pores is greatly reduced, and the amount of transpiration is reduced by 36% and the effect of inhibiting transpiration is 14% even in the short-term supply for 3 days. Therefore, it has the ability to retain water in vivo during the polymerization process of silicic acid absorbed in addition to the integrated silicic acid.

On the other hand, because siliceous fertilizer itself is strong alkaline, rice seed may be damaged if the soil is covered in that state, so it must be neutralized and covered. Various methods have been proposed for the neutralization method of siliceous fertilizer. For example, a siliceous material containing porous calcium silicate hydrate such as lightweight foamed concrete is treated with sulfuric acid and / or phosphoric acid to neutralize it.
In addition, the siliceous fertilizer has a particle size such as sand, so the ventilation rate is good when used as a cover material. Therefore, germination rate of rice seed can be improved.

Third, start the straight wave operation.

Direct wave work uses a cover loom. 1 and 2, the cover loom is a frame 10, a manipulator furrow forming projections (21) and seed furrow forming projections (22) intersected with each other in the front and rear on the bottom and the seeding machine (20) for seeding It consists of a planter 30, and a covering machine 40 for covering the cover material on the seed sown.

The cover loom is driven by the fertilizer furrow forming protrusion 21a formed at the bottom of the front enclosure 21 of the manipulator as the manipulator 20 of the manipulator 20 is in contact with the ground while driving in a state of being installed in the rear of the tractor. A long seeding bone 1 is formed in the advancing direction, and a long fertilizer bone 2 is formed in the advancing direction by the seed furrow forming protrusion 22a formed at the bottom of the rear housing 22.

At the same time, the rice seed 3 discharged from the seed container 31 of the planter 30 is sown in the seeding bone 1 through the seed discharge pipe 34, and discharged from the fertilizer container 32 of the planter 30. The fertilizer 5 is sprayed on the fertilizer bone (2) through the fertilizer discharge pipe (33).

In addition, the seeding bone (1) is completed sowing is covered by the siliceous fertilizer (4) discharged through the cover material discharge pipe 42 of the cover soil container 41, the fertilizer bone (2) of the manipulator 20 As the rear housing 22 passes by, the soil 6 dug up when the fertilizer bone is formed by its bottom is filled and covered.

At this time, the depth (h) from the ground of the seeding bone (1) is 60mm, the depth (h ') of the fertilizer bone (2) is about 80mm deeper than the seeding bone to sell about 20mm. If the seeding bone depth is shallower than 60mm, drought damage is easy, and if it is deeper than 60mm, germination rate of rice seed is lowered. There may be slight deviations depending on the soil moisture level, for example, sowing deep when the soil moisture is low and shallow when the soil moisture is high.

And, the fertilizer bone (2) is a seeding bone (1) is a reason for deepening the fertilizer sprinkled in the fertilizer bone so as to quickly supply to the root of the seed seed can be more early germination time.

In addition, the spacing d between the seeding bone 1 and the fertilizer bone 2 is preferably approximately 30 mm. The basis of this 30 mm is to allow the spacing of the sowing bone and the fertilizer bone to be at a minimum distance so that the excavated soil cannot be re-introduced into each bone.

As described above, the direct wave method of the present invention can increase the fertilizer absorption rate of rice seed by forming a fertilizer bone deeper than the seeded bone at a position close to the seeded bone, and using siliceous fertilizer as a cover material for filling the seeded bone. It will bring efficacy.

Claims (3)

(delete) (delete) (Secondary correction) In directing rice seed by using a straightener, Fertilizer furrow 60 mm deep from the ground and fertilizer bone 80 mm deep from the ground using fertilizer furrow forming projections and seed furrow forming projections alternately formed on the bottom of the front and rear hulls of the manipulator which is towed behind the tractor. Forming side by side with a spacing of 30 mm, and sprinkled rice seed and fertilizer on the sowing bone and the fertilizer bone by a seeding machine, respectively; The rice seed directing method is characterized in that the seeded seeded bone is covered with neutralized siliceous fertilizer and the fertilizer bone is covered with soil by the rear housing.

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