KR100717124B1 - Artificial cultivating method of dictyophora indusiata in the bare ground - Google Patents
Artificial cultivating method of dictyophora indusiata in the bare ground Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
본 발명은 망태버섯을 대량으로 재배하기 위한 방법에 있어서, 포자가 형성된 망태버섯의 갓을 따낸 다음, 이를 용기에 담긴 물에 넣고 주물러 자실체로부터 포자가 분리되도록 하는 단계와, 상기 용기를 그늘에 상당시간 방치하여 균사끼리 서로 세포질 융합이 이루어질 수 있도록 유도하는 단계와, 다음 버섯재배장소를 찾아 흙이 보일 때까지 낙엽 등을 걷어내는 단계와, 상기 균사를 포함하고 있는 물을 물뿌리개에 넣고 버섯재배장소에 골고루 뿌리는 단계와, 상기 살포된 균사 위에 낙엽 또는 볏짚 등을 덮어주는 단계로 이루어진 망태버섯 노지 자연재배방법을 제공하기 위한 것으로, 발명은 망태버섯을 노지에서 대량으로 자연재배가 가능토록 함으로써 대나무 밭에 극소량 자생하는 망태버섯을 자연상태 그대로 재배할 수 있도록 함으로써 웰빙에 부합하는 고급식품을 대량으로 저렴한 가격에 제공할 수 있게 되는 것이며, 최근 활용도가 떨어지는 대나무밭과 잡목림의 가치를 높일 수 있으며, 상품성이 우수한 망태버섯의 자연재배로 인해 농가 소득증대 및 소비자들의 건강증진을 도모할 수 있는 매우 유용한 발명인 것이다.The present invention is a method for cultivating a large amount of mantle mushroom, the step of removing the spores of the spore-formed mantle mushroom, and then put it in the water in a container to rub the spores from the fruiting body, the container corresponds to the shade Incubating the hyphae with each other to allow cellular fusion to occur, finding the next mushroom cultivation site, removing the leaves until the soil is visible, and cultivating the mushrooms with water containing the hyphae In order to provide a method for natural cultivation of mantle mushroom outland, consisting of a step of spreading evenly in places, and covering the leaves or rice straw on the sprayed hyphae, the invention is to enable the natural cultivation of mantle mushroom in large quantities in the open field Wellness by allowing small amounts of native mushrooms to be grown in the bamboo field as they are It will be able to provide high-quality foods at low prices in large quantities, and increase the value of bamboo fields and cultivated forests that have not been used recently, and increase the farm incomes and increase the health of consumers due to the natural cultivation of mango mushrooms with excellent marketability. It is a very useful invention that can be planned.
망태버섯, 대량, 자연재배방법 Mango Mushroom, Mass, Natural Cultivation Method
Description
본 발명은 망태버섯 노지 자연재배방법에 관한 것으로, 더욱 상세하게는 대나무밭 또는 잡목림 등과 같이 인공의 배지(培地)를 사용하지 않는 자연상태의 조건(이하, '노지'라 함)에서 망태버섯을 대량 생산가능토록 하기 위한 망태버섯 노지 자연재배방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a mantle mushroom cultivated natural field method, and more specifically, to the mantle mushroom under natural conditions (hereinafter referred to as 'noji') without the use of artificial medium (培 地), such as bamboo fields or mixed forests The present invention relates to a method of natural cultivation of mantle mushroom outcrop for mass production.
망태버섯이라 함은 망태버섯속(Dictyophora, SPP)은 분류학상 복균아강(Gasteromycetidae) 말뚝버섯목(Phallales) 말뚝버섯과(Phallaceae)에 속하는 것으로, 중국에서는 죽손(竹蓀),죽생(竹笙), 죽삼(竹蔘), 투망버섯, 투구버섯 등으로 불리우고, 일본에서는 매우방(梅雨坊), 허무승버섯이라 불리며, 서양에서는 대나무 버섯(bamboo sprouts), 또는 버섯의 여왕(queen of mushroom), 베일에 쌓인 숙녀버섯(veiled lady mushroom)등으로 불리운다.Mantis mushroom, Dictyophora (SPP) belongs to the taxonomy belonging to the Gastroomycetidae Phallales Phallaceae family in China. It is called bamboo ginseng, bamboo mushrooms, mushrooms, and mushrooms. In Japan, it is called `` Moonbang '' and `` Muslim Mushroom ''. In the West, bamboo mushrooms, or queen of mushrooms, It is called a veiled lady mushroom.
상기한 망태버섯은 한국, 일본, 중국, 대만, 자바, 수마트라, 하와이 등지에서 분포되는 것으로 보고되고 있으며, 우리나라에서는 주로 대나무 숲에 자생하고 있는 망태버섯과 잡목림에서 발생하는 분홍망태버섯(Dictyophora. indusiata)이 알려져 있다.The above-mentioned mushrooms are reported to be distributed in Korea, Japan, China, Taiwan, Java, Sumatra, Hawaii, etc., and in Korea, pink mantle mushrooms (Dictyophora. Indusiata), which occur in bamboo forests and mixed forests. Is known.
이처럼 망태버섯은 식용버섯으로 형태가 아름답고 맛이 진귀하여 오래전부터 왕에게 진상되던 식품이었으며, 육류와 함께 요리하면 맛이 신선하고 음식이 쉽게 변질되지 않아 방부제의 기능을 하는 것으로도 알려져 있다.Like this, the mantle mushroom is an edible mushroom, beautiful in shape and rare in taste, and has been known to the king for a long time. When cooked with meat, it is known as a preservative because it tastes fresh and the food is not easily changed.
또한 상기 망태버섯에는 비타민C와 당분, 생리활성 물질, 항균물질이 들어있을 뿐만 아니라, 조단백질 20,2%. 조지방 2.6%. 탄수화물 38.1%, 여러 가지 아미노산이 다량 함유되어 있으며, 이들 성분으로 인해 신경성장 촉진인자(NGF: never growth factor)의 중추신경 재생과 치매병의 치료제로써의 이용 가능성과 조폐(調肺). 보간(保肝). 건뇌(建腦). 명목(明目). 지통작용(止痛作用), 고혈압, 코레스테린 함량이 높은 환자에 대한 치료 효과가 아주 좋은 것으로 알려져 있다.In addition, the mango mushroom contains vitamin C and sugars, bioactive substances, antibacterial substances, crude protein 20,2%. Crude fat 2.6%. Carbohydrate 38.1%, a large amount of various amino acids, these ingredients because of the possibility of the nerve growth promoter (NGF) as a remedy for central nervous regeneration and dementia disease, and mint. Interpolation. Psoriasis (建 腦). Nominal. It is known that the effect of treatment for patients with high pain, high blood pressure and high cholesterol levels is very good.
또한 망태버섯의 유용한 성분들에 대한 연구가 최근 활발해 지면서 식품이나 한약재료에 국한되었던 이용분야가 대체 의약분야까지 확대되어 활용되고 있으며 이로 인해 대량의 망태버섯이 필요하나 노지에서 망태버섯은 생존기간이 짧고 희귀하여 채취가 어려울 뿐만 아니라 자실체 발육과정에서 먼저 알을 형성한 후 일정한 환경조건에서 자실체가 전개되는 특이한 성질을 갖는 것이어서 자실체 발생 조건을 맞추기가 곤란하고, 또 균사체의 생장이 늦게 되는 단점을 갖는 것이어서 일반적으로 인공재배는 곤란하다고 알려져 있다.In addition, as research on the useful ingredients of manta mushrooms has been actively conducted, the fields of use that were limited to foods or herbal ingredients have been extended to alternative medicine fields, which requires a large amount of manta mushrooms. It is short and rare, so it is difficult to collect and also has the characteristic of forming the eggs first in the process of fruiting body development and then the fruiting body develops under certain environmental conditions, making it difficult to meet the conditions of fruiting and slow growth of mycelia. In general, artificial cultivation is known to be difficult.
물론 대한민국 특허출원 제10-2001-0007900호 망태버섯의 인공재배 방법과 같이 특수한 배지를 사용하여 영양이 풍부하고, 쉽게 건조되지 않음으로 인해 버섯 균사 생장을 촉진할 수 있는 망태버섯 재배방법이 안출되어 있으나, 이는 온도 및 습도조절을 위한 비닐하우스와 같은 인공재배에 적합한 환경조건을 만족시켜 주어야 할 뿐만 아니라, 균사의 배양을 위한 특수한 배지를 제조해야 하며, 또 배양이 완료된 균을 이식하기 위한 참나무 원목 등을 준비해야 하는 등 망태버섯의 대량 재배까지 많은 인력과 비용을 필요로 하는 단점을 갖는 것이며, 또한 재배과정 중에도 주변의 기후변화에 따라 비닐하우스 내부의 온도 및 습도를 시시각각 적절히 조절해줘야 하는 등 매우 작업이 번거로운 폐단을 갖는 것이다.Of course, using a special medium, such as artificial cultivation method of the mantle mushroom of Korea Patent Application No. 10-2001-0007900 nutrient rich, not easy to dry, the method of cultivating the mantle mushroom that can promote mushroom mycelial growth However, this should not only satisfy environmental conditions suitable for artificial cultivation such as plastic house for temperature and humidity control, but also prepare special media for cultivation of mycelia, and oak logs for transplanting the cultured bacteria. It has the disadvantage of requiring much manpower and cost until the mass cultivation of mantle mushrooms, such as the need to prepare a lamp, etc. Also, during the cultivation process, the temperature and humidity inside the plastic house must be adjusted appropriately every time according to the surrounding climate change. The task is to have cumbersome closures.
본 발명은 망태버섯이 비닐하우스 내부에서 인공적으로 재배되는 것보다는 노지에서 천연상태로 재배되는 것을 선호하는 소비자들의 경향을 감안하여 창안된 것으로, 대나무 밭에 극소량 자생하는 망태버섯을 자연상태 그대로 자연재배할 수 있도록 하되 이를 대량으로 자연재배할 수 있도록 함으로써 버섯을 재배하는 농가의 소득증대 및 소비자들에게는 웰빙에 부합하는 고급식품을 제공하기 위한 것이다.The present invention was conceived in consideration of the tendency of consumers who prefer to be grown in the natural state in the open field rather than artificially grown inside the plastic house, the very small native mushrooms grown in the bamboo field as natural state In order to increase the income of farmers who grow mushrooms, and to provide consumers with high-quality foods that meet well-being, by allowing them to grow them in a natural way.
이처럼 상기와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명을 보다 구체적으로 설명하면 다음과 같다.As described above, the present invention for achieving the above object will be described in more detail.
먼저 포자가 형성된 망태버섯의 갓을 따낸 다음, 이를 용기에 담긴 물에 넣 고 주물러 자실체로부터 포자가 분리되도록 하는 단계와, 상기 용기를 그늘에 상당시간 방치하여 균사끼리 서로 세포질 융합이 이루어질 수 있도록 유도하는 단계와, 다음 버섯재배장소를 찾아 흙이 보일 때까지 낙엽 등을 걷어내는 단계와, 상기 균사를 포함하고 있는 물을 물뿌리개(watering pot)에 넣고 버섯재배장소에 골고루 뿌리는 단계와, 상기 살포된 균사 위에 낙엽 또는 볏짚 등을 덮어주는 단계로 이루어진다.First, the spores were formed with the cap of the spores, and then the spores were put in a container of water and rubbed to separate the spores from the fruiting bodies. The container was left in the shade for a long time to induce cellular mycelium to fuse with each other. And removing the leaves until the soil is found in the next mushroom cultivation place, putting water containing the hyphae in a watering pot, and evenly spraying the mushroom cultivation place, Covering fallen leaves or rice straw on the sprayed hyphae.
상기와 같은 작업은 망태버섯이 완전히 성숙한 장마철에 하는 것이 바람직하며, 이는 망태버섯이 고온다습한 환경을 좋아하기 때문이며, 또한 장마비에 의해 균사체들이 땅에 파고들어 뿌리내리기 용이해지기 때문이다.The above operation is preferably performed during the rainy season of the mantle mushroom, because the mantle mushrooms like a high temperature and high humidity environment, and also because mycelium is easily rooted and rooted by the rainy season.
이처럼 파종된 망태버섯은 다음해 장마철에 수확하게 된다.These sown mushrooms will be harvested in the rainy season next year.
본 발명자는 상기와 같은 망태버섯의 노지에서의 자연재배방법을 알아내기 위하여 무엇보다 먼저 망태버섯의 식생환경을 알기 내기 위한 노력을 해왔으며, 이를 위해 대나무밭이 많은 담양지역을 선별하여 각 대나무밭에 서식하고 있는 망태버섯의 개체수를 조사하였다. 이는 표 1에 도시한 바와 같다.The present inventor has made an effort to find out the vegetation environment of the mango mushroom, first of all, to find out the natural cultivation method in the open field of the mango mushroom, as described above. The number of mushrooms inhabited by the fish was investigated. This is as shown in Table 1.
[표 1] 담양지역 대나무밭 별 망태버섯 개체수 [Table 1] No. of mushrooms by bamboo field in Damyang area
상기 조사로 인해 버섯을 식용하는 곤충들이 망태버섯의 포자를 옮겨 균사끼리 서로 세포질 융합이 이루어질 수 있도록 함을 알 수 있었고, 이를 인위적으로 하기 위해서는 자실체로부터 포자만 분리되도록 하고 결국 이들이 자연적으로 균사끼리 서로 세포질 융합이 이루어질 수 있도록 환경을 조성하는 것이 필요하다는 것을 알게 되었다.According to the above investigation, it was found that insects that edible mushrooms carried spores of mantle mushrooms so that the mycelium could be cytoplasmic fused to each other.In order to artificially do this, only spores were separated from the fruiting bodies and they were naturally separated from each other. It has been found that it is necessary to create an environment for cellular fusion to occur.
따라서 본 발명자는 자실체에서 형성된 포자가 발아하여 1차균사가 되고, 상기 균사가 서로 세포질 융합이 이루어지도록 함으로써 2차 균사를 이루게 되고, 이들이 충분한 영양분과 적당한 환경에서 균사가 조직화되어 3차균사를 형성하여 버섯으로 성장할 수 있도록 하기 위하여 수정가능한 포자가 형성된 망태버섯의 갓을 따내고 이들을 용기에 담긴 물에 넣고 주물러서 강제로 자실체로부터 포자가 분리될 수 있도록 하였다. Therefore, the inventors of the present invention, the spores formed in the fruiting body germinate to become a first mycelium, and the mycelium forms a secondary mycelia by allowing cellular fusion to each other, and they are organized in a sufficient nutrient and a suitable environment to form a third mycelia. In order to grow into mushrooms, the caps of mantle mushrooms with fertilized spores formed were extracted, and these were put in a container of water and rubbed so that the spores were forcibly separated from the fruiting bodies.
이때 사용되는 망태버섯의 갓 갯수가 너무 적을 경우 균사끼리 서로 세포질 융합이 쉬 이루어지지 않는다는 것을 알게 되었고, 적어도 50개 이상의 망태버섯의 갓을 사용함으로써 수정이 잘 이루어질 수 있도록 하였다. 이때 사용되는 물의 양은 포자의 양에 따라 비례적으로 달라질 수 있으나, 본 발명에서는 180리터를 사용하였으며, 용기는 200리터 짜리를 사용하였다. At this time, when the number of capsular mushrooms used was too small, it was found that the hyphae did not readily form cellular fusion with each other, and at least 50 capsular mushrooms were used to make fertilization well. At this time, the amount of water used may vary proportionally depending on the amount of spores, in the present invention, 180 liters were used, and the vessel used 200 liters.
이처럼 용기의 물 속에 분리된 포자를 그늘에 상당시간 방치하여 포자가 균사체로 발달할 수 있는 환경을 조성하였고, 이때 방치시간은 충분한 수정을 위해 48~92시간 정도이며, 72시간 정도가 가장 바람직하였다.Thus, spores separated in the water of the container were left in the shade for a considerable time to create an environment in which spores could develop into mycelium. At this time, the leaving time was about 48 to 92 hours for sufficient fertilization, and about 72 hours was most preferable. .
다음 상기와 같이 수정된 균사들을 재배할 장소를 선별해야 하는데, 가장 바람직한 곳은 대나무밭이며, 습기가 많고 그늘이 진 잡목림도 망태버섯의 재배에 있어 크게 문제되지 않는다.Next, it is necessary to select a place to cultivate the modified mycelia as described above, the most preferable place is a bamboo field, moist and shaded groves are not a big problem in the cultivation of mushrooms.
이처럼 바람직한 버섯재배장소를 찾아 흙이 보일 때까지 낙엽 등을 걷어내고, 그곳에 상기 균사를 포함하고 있는 물을 물뿌리개로 골고루 뿌려주었다.Finding a desirable mushroom cultivation place, such as leaves until the soil is visible, and the water containing the hyphae was evenly sprayed with a watering can.
마지막으로 상기 살포된 균사 위에 다시 낙엽을 덮고, 그 위에 볏짚 등을 덮어줌으로써 망태버섯의 자연재배를 위한 작업은 완료되었다.Finally, the work for natural cultivation of mantle mushroom was completed by covering the fallen leaves on the sprayed hyphae again, and covering rice straw on it.
본 발명자는 본 발명의 방법대로 전남 담양군 월산면 화방리 죽림원에 망태버섯을 자연재배하였으며, 그 결과 2006.6.23~7.30일까지 망태버섯을 290kg을 채취할 수 있었다. 이는 갯수로 약 5,800개에 이르는 것으로, 표 1에 기재된 바와 같이 자연적인 상태에서 재배된 월산면 화방리 죽림원의 망태버섯 수확량과 비교해보면 괄목할만한 수확량 증대가 이루어짐을 알 수 있는 것이다. The present inventors naturally cultivated the mantle mushroom in the bamboo forest in Hwabang-ri, Wolsan-myeon, Damyang-gun, Damyang-gun, Jeonnam, and as a result 290kg of the mantle mushroom was harvested until June 6, 2006. The number reaches about 5,800, and as shown in Table 1, it can be seen that there is a remarkable increase in yield when compared with the yield of mantle mushrooms of Wolsan-myeon Hwabangri Bamboo Forest grown in a natural state.
이처럼 본 발명은 망태버섯을 노지에서 대량으로 자연재배가 가능토록 함으로써 대나무 밭에 극소량 자생하는 망태버섯을 자연상태 그대로 재배할 수 있도록 함으로써 웰빙에 부합하는 고급식품을 대량으로 저렴한 가격에 제공할 수 있게 되는 것이며, 최근 활용도가 떨어지는 대나무밭과 잡목림의 가치를 높일 수 있으며, 상품성이 우수한 망태버섯의 재배로 인해 농가 소득증대 및 소비자들의 건강증진을 도모할 수 있는 매우 유용한 발명인 것이다.As such, the present invention enables the natural mushroom cultivation in large quantities in the open field, so that the very small native wild mushrooms can be grown in the natural state in the bamboo field as it is, so that high-quality foods that meet well-being can be provided in large quantities at low prices. In recent years, it is a very useful invention that can increase the value of bamboo fields and cultivated forests that are not widely used, and can increase the income of farmers and promote the health of consumers by cultivating excellent mushrooms.
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| CN103931423A (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2014-07-23 | 福建农林大学 | Method for controlling marginal effect of bamboo fungus field cultivation |
| CN104230398A (en) * | 2013-06-07 | 2014-12-24 | 王镇 | Utilization of bamboo rat faeces as dictyophora indusiata cultivation material |
| CN104920068A (en) * | 2015-06-03 | 2015-09-23 | 吴华球 | Dictyophora rubrovalvata cultivation method |
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| KR100382165B1 (en) * | 2001-02-16 | 2003-04-26 | 대한민국 | The method of artificial cultivation for veiled lady mushroom |
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| KR100382165B1 (en) * | 2001-02-16 | 2003-04-26 | 대한민국 | The method of artificial cultivation for veiled lady mushroom |
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| CN103931423A (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2014-07-23 | 福建农林大学 | Method for controlling marginal effect of bamboo fungus field cultivation |
| CN104920068A (en) * | 2015-06-03 | 2015-09-23 | 吴华球 | Dictyophora rubrovalvata cultivation method |
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| CN105900687A (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-08-31 | 贵州省农作物品种资源研究所 | Method for cultivating dictyophora rubrovolvata through corn straw fermentation material fungus bed |
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| CN111448946A (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2020-07-28 | 安徽省百麓现代农业科技有限公司 | Dictyophora rubrovalvata branch strain cultivation method |
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