KR100498808B1 - Formula feeds for culturing of the giant croaker - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a compounded feed for fish farming with excellent growth rate and economical efficiency.

According to the blended feed for fish farming of the present invention, a protein source selected from at least one selected from fish meal, casein, soybean meal, krill (shrimp) powder, squid liver powder and corn gluten meal, and carbohydrates selected from at least one of wheat flour or α-potato starch. It further comprises a raw material, a lipid source selected from at least one selected from cod liver oil, squid liver oil, soybean oil, and corn oil containing n-3 type highly unsaturated fatty acid of 0.5% or more, and other additives. As a result, it is possible to provide a blended feed having optimal conditions for the growth of the fish.

Description

Formula feeds for culturing of the giant croaker}

The present invention relates to a blended feed having the optimum conditions for the growth of fresh fish, which has recently emerged as an important cultured fish in Korea, more specifically fish meal, casein, soybean meal, krill (shrimp) powder, squid liver powder, corn gluten At least one protein source selected from wheat, at least one carbohydrate source selected from wheat flour or α-potato starch, cod liver oil and squid liver oil containing at least 0.5% n-3 based highly unsaturated fatty acid; At least one selected from soybean oil and corn oil, and the other relates to a blended feed for fish production, which further comprises a caking additive.

For fish farming, feed is an important factor that accounts for more than half of the costs for farming. Thus, securing a more economic and stable amount will determine the success or failure of aquaculture. To date, the country still uses a large amount of raw feed for fish farming, which causes many problems such as unstable feed, excessive handling and storage expenses, loss of nutrients and aging of fisheries.

Therefore, in order to reduce costs in aquaculture and to increase income of aquaculture industry, it is required to develop a blended feed most suitable for aquaculture species. In the formulated feed, it is necessary to accurately identify the nutrients required for the target fish species and the types of nutrients required, and based on this basic information, considering the balance of nutrients, It will be required to identify choices and availability and to mix them properly.

In recent years, the cultivation of fish in our country has been the main targets of flounder and jeopardock rock, flounder in the land tank, and the jeopbolak is in marine cages. In addition, as the production of the flounder and jeopardock rock grows sharply every year, there is a concern that the price may drop sharply due to flooding in a certain period. In addition, currently farmed fish species are limited to halibut and jeopardock rock, it can be said that the development and dissemination of new high-market fish species that can satisfy various needs of consumers.

In response, recently, marine fish and fast-growing marine fish have emerged as important aquaculture varieties in China and other countries. Considering the habitat environment, large fish is considered to be the most suitable species for our country, and it is expected to occupy the position as an expensive food in the future.

However, the most important consideration for the success of large-fish is farming is the feeding of foods that can increase the habitat environment, disease and growth effect suitable for the target species. Among these external factors, environment and disease are nature dependent factors, while feeds are adequately controlled by fishers, and feeds are an important factor that accounts for more than half of the operating costs of farming. It is an important factor that can determine success or failure. However, up to now, as the breeding food for the fishes, the use of the compound for the flounder or the jeopbolak for the feed, it is urgent to develop a compound feed suitable for large fish.

Therefore, for the efficient farming of these species, it is essential to develop a blended feed suitable for farming.

The present invention is designed to meet the above demands, and is intended to provide a blended feed that is most suitable for farming of the family of aquaculture, which has recently emerged as a farmed fish species.

Such a compounded feed according to the present invention is to provide a high-quality, economical, low-pollution feed that is evenly equipped with nutrients of the mixed feed for large fish, which is a protein, carbohydrate, lipid through a long breeding experiment It was developed after examining the energy / protein content ratio.

On the other hand, the blended feed of the present invention is prepared by mixing each raw material well in a mixer according to the feed blending ratio and then re-mixed with the feed material in the powder form, the lipid raw material is added first in the mixer, it is molded into a moist pellet maker. Choline and biotin among vitamins were dissolved in water and added during molding. The prepared feed is stored in a freezer, and is administered as a full dose twice a day to a land fish tank for fish farming at the appropriate size as needed for each feed.

 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples. The present invention is illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

(1) First aspect of the invention

The protein source used in the blended feed of the present invention is selected from one or more of fish meal, casein, soybean meal, krill powder or shrimp powder, squid liver powder, corn gluten mill. Generally, fish meal is used as a protein source of the compound feed for marine fish, which is a marine fish, but the fish meal is not suitable as an economical compound feed source due to its high price, and thus, in the present invention, it is possible to replace it and maintain an excellent protein quality. Phosphorus protein source was selected.

As the carbohydrate source used in the blended feed of the present invention, one or more selected from wheat flour or α-potato starch is used.

The lipid source used in the blended feed of the present invention includes at least one lipid source selected from pollock liver oil containing n-3 type highly unsaturated fatty acid, squid liver oil and soybean oil, and corn oil. . It is preferable that the mixed feed of the fishes contains various fatty acids and various lipid sources under conditions including 0.5% or more of n-3 type HUFA rather than one type of fatty acid.

(2) a second aspect of the invention

The binder used in the blended feed of the present invention was corn gluten, which is also a protein source, and α-potato starch, which is a carbohydrate raw material. In addition, the present invention provides a mixed feed for aquaculture, characterized in that it comprises additives such as seaweed powder, Spirulina, lecithin, yeast or enzyme mixture in addition to the above.

Even if a practical blended feed has been developed, it is necessary to improve the additives and composition ratio of the practical blended feed to increase the growth effect, and to reduce the feed cost by minimizing the excessive addition of essential nutrients. In this respect, it is very important to consider the appropriate levels of vitamins and minerals added to the blended feed.

Not only do vitamins require different amounts of fish, but the fish's activity varies depending on the fish's growth and habitat, and the lack of vitamins in feeds results in poor growth and poor disease resistance. Eggplant deficiency symptoms appear.

On the other hand, since various vitamins added to the feed are expensive and have low stability in storage or in the manufacture of the feed, the amount of each addition should be considered very important when formulating the feed.

Therefore, in the present invention, the vitamin mixture is ascorbic acid, calcium-D-pantothenate, cholinebattrate, inositol, vitamin K3, niacin, pyridoxine, riboflavin, thiamine, alpha- Tocopherol, vitamin A acetate, biotin, folic acid, cyanocobalamin, vitamin D3, and the like.

In addition, the mineral mixture is CaH4 (PO4) 2H20, calcium lactate, FeSO47H20, MgSO47H20, K2HPO4, NaH2PO4H20, NaCl, AlCl3, 6H20, KI, CuSO4, 5H20, MnSO4 H20, CoCl2.6H20, ZnSO4.7H20, Na2Se2O3 and the like.

Formulated feed according to the present invention will be described in more detail with respect to the present invention through the following examples. Hereinafter, the experimental conditions for the various nutrient requirements of the fish will be examined, and then the results for each nutrient will be described.

1. Protein Requirements of Large Fish

First of all, in order to investigate the required amount of protein in the diet of large fish, the protein content is adjusted in various stages within the range of 30 to 55% (P1 to P6) using fish meal as a protein source. One various feeds were used, and the ingredients of the feeds are shown in Table 1 below. Here, the lipid content is about 10%, and as a lipid source, squid liver oil containing essential fatty acids was added to control the lipid content of feed and the content of n-2 HUFA, an essential fatty acid. The carbohydrate source was adjusted to an appropriate energy content by adding 13.5% of dextrin, respectively, and cellulose was added as a filler.

In addition, 4% mineral mixture and 3% vitamin mixture were added to all experimental feeds. And 4% of CMC was added as a binder to prevent the feed from loosening in water.

In addition, as an environmental condition for the use of the experimental feed, the average weight of 1.8 g of large-fish larvae born from the same mother that was in preliminary breeding was fed by feeding water three to four times a day using a 10-ton FRP square tank. Thirty animals were repeatedly fed in 250 L round FRP tanks and fed twice daily (09:00 and 16:00). Breeding water temperature was dependent on the natural water temperature (16.4 ~ 20.0 ℃) and continued the experiment for 6 weeks.

Composition of experimental feeds used for large miner protein requirements (%, building basis)    division  P-1 (30%) P-2 (35%) P-3 (40%) P-4 (45%) P-5 (50%) P-6 (55%) Fish Meal Dextrin Squid Liver Oil Mineral Premix ¹ Vitamin Premix ² CMC Cellulose  43.21 50.41 57.61 64.81 72.01 79.22 13.50 13.50 13.50 13.50 13.50 13.50 5.5 4.8 4.0 3.3 2.5 1.8 4.0         4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 3.0         3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 26.8 20.3 13.9 7.4 1.0 0.0     Nutritional Components (Building Standard,%) Crude Protein 30.0 ~ 55.0 Crude Lipid 10.0 Carbohydrates 13.5 ~ 8.0

2. Carbohydrate / lipid content of big fish

In order to examine the effects of carbohydrate / lipid content of the blended feed of the present invention, 4 types of carbohydrate / lipid content were adjusted to 25/10 to 42 / 2.5 using 24.3% fish meal and 22.6% casein as protein sources. Semi-purified experimental feeds and 3 types of experimental feeds with carbohydrate / lipid content adjusted from 25/10 to 36/5 using only 50.4% protein source were prepared. It is shown in Table 2 below.

Cellulose was added as a filler to satisfy the appropriate carbohydrate / lipid content, and 4% mineral mixture and 3% vitamin mixture were added to all experimental feeds.

In addition, 4% CMC was added as a caking additive to prevent the feed from loosening in water. And proteins, essential fatty acids, minerals and vitamins except carbohydrates and lipids as described above were prepared to meet the requirements of redfish.

In the breeding conditions, two tons of FRP squares were fed twice a day in a floating manner, and 30 30-large larvae larvae weighed from the same mother, which were in preliminary breeding, were housed in a 60L round tank. The food was fed twice a day (09:00, 16:00). Breeding water temperature depended on natural water temperature (20.7 ~ 24.7 ℃) and continued the test for 11 weeks.

Experimental Feed Composition (%, Building Standards) and Growth Results Used in Carrot / Carbohydrate Contents Feed Type C-1 C-2 C-3 C-4 C-5 C-6 C-7 Raw Material 25/10 31 / 7.5 36/5 42 / 2.5 25/10 31 / 7.5 36 / 5.2 Fishmeal 24.3 24.3 24.3 24.3 50.4 50.4 50.4 Casein 22.6 22.6 22.6 22.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 Dextrin 25.0 31.0 33.0 42.0 25.0 31.0 36.0 Squid Liver Oil 7.5 5.0 2.5 0.0 4.8 2.3 0.0 Mineral Premix ¹ 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 Vitamin Premix ² 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 CMC (binder) 4.0 40 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 cellulose 9.6 6.1 3.6 0.1 8.8 5.3 2.6 growth rate ^{3, 4 (%) 725.24 c} 842.28 b 870.32 a 753.96 c 704.74 c 681.47 c 646.72 c Nutritional content (% of buildings)  Crude Protein 35.0 Crude Lipids 10.0-2.5 Carbohydrates 25.0-42.0

3. Proper Energy / Protein Content in Large Fish

As can be seen in Table 3 below, in order to examine the effects of the proper energy / protein content of the blended feed, 35.9% fish meal and 10.1-21.8% casein were used as the protein source. The carbohydrates were adjusted to 11.2 to 23.8% of texturing, and six kinds of experimental feeds with a squid liver oil of 1.8 to 13.8% as lipids were prepared to have an energy / protein ratio of 6-11 (Kcal available energy / g protein). It was.

And 4% mineral mixture and 3% vitamin mixture was added to all experimental feeds. In addition, 4% CMC was added as a caking additive to prevent loosening of feed, and essential fatty acids, minerals and vitamins, except energy / protein, were prepared to meet the requirements of redfish.

In this experimental feed, 15 tons of big-fish larvae of average weight 37.9g were born from the same mother, which was in preliminary breeding, feeding twice a day by using a 2-ton FRP square tank. It was repeatedly accommodated and fed twice a day (09:00, 16:00). Breeding experiment was the same as the previous experiment, the breeding water temperature was dependent on the natural water temperature (17.3 ~ 24.7 ℃) and was experimented for 6 weeks.

Composition (%, dry matter) and growth results of experimental feed used for kcal available energy / g protein Feed Type E-1 E-2 E-3 E-4 E-5 E-6 Raw Material 6 7 8 9 10 11 Fishmeal 35.9 35.9 35.9 35.9 35.9 35.9 Casein 21.8 16.0 10.1 21.8 16.0 10.1 Textrin 11.2 18.8 23.8 18.0 26.2 34.2 Squid Liver Oil 1.8 1.8 1.8 13.8 11.8 8.8 Mineral Premix ¹ 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 Vitamin Premix ² 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 Cellulose 20.3 18.5 19.4 1.5 1.1 2.0 Growth ^{3, 4} (%) 65.10 ^b 81.06 ^a 83.06 ^a 92.34 ^a 87.88 ^a 81.41 ^a

4. Development of Feedstock for Large Fish

Fish flour and soybean meal were used as protein sources for the development of feedstock for large fishes, wheat flour as carbohydrates, and squid liver oil as lipids. Five kinds of experimental feeds with control of krill, seaweed powder, spirulina, and aquatic products, which were available as fish feed materials, and commercial feeds were used as control (see Table 4). And 4% mineral mixture and 3% vitamin mixture was added to the experimental feed. Thus, proteins and lipids were adjusted according to the previous experimental results, minerals and vitamins were prepared to meet the requirements of redfish.

Two ton FRP square tanks were used to feed twice a day in a floating manner, and 15 large fish of 38.8 grams from the same mother were reared in a 60L round FRP tank twice a day. (09:00, 16:00) The food was fed in full. Breeding experiment was the same as the previous experiment, the breeding water temperature was dependent on the natural water temperature (21.7 ~ 24.9 ℃) and was tested for 8 weeks.

Experimental Feed Composition (%, Building Standards) and Growth Results Used to Develop Feedstocks for Large Fishes Feed Type ED-1 Raw Material   ED-2 ED-3   ED-4 ED-5   ED-6 Fish57.5 Soybean meal0.0 Wheat flour33.1 Squid Liver Oil2.4 Mineral premix^One 4.0 Vitamin Premix² 3.0 Krill0.0 Seaweed Powder0.0 Spirunina0.0 Fishery product0.0 Increase rate (4 weeks)^3,4 (%)62.91 ^a Increase rate (8 weeks)^3,4 (%) 80.69^a   34.534.5   34.534.5   19.59.0    4.54.5    4.0 4.0    3.0 3.0    0.05.0    0.05.0    0.00.5    0.0add   42.42^b 46.06 ^b   58.57^c 65.70 ^c   10.010.0   65.065.0    0.97.9    6.6 6.6 4.0 0.0    3.0 0.0    5.05.0    5.05.0    0.50.5    addadd   25.35^c 41.26 ^b   50.93^c 58.77 ^c closed formula 49.55 ^b 70.32 ^b

1, 2 See Table 5

3 3 Average of the repeat

4 Multiple test (P <0.05)

Next, the results of the above breeding experiments will be considered, and the optimum conditions of the mixed feed for aquaculture will be discussed in detail.

[Queenfish Protein Requirements]

The results of carrying out the breeding experiment according to the conditions of the various experimental feeds shown in Table 1 are shown in Tables 5 and 6. As can be seen in Table 5, after six weeks of trials, the growth rate, feed efficiency and survival rate were significantly different according to the protein content (30-55%) (P <0.05).

Specifically, the growth and feed efficiency were the lowest when the protein content was 30% and the highest at the 45% or higher, showing a growth rate of about 3 times or more. The survival rate was low when the protein content was the lowest at 30%. Therefore, the protein content should be at least 35%. Changes in protein content in the experimental diet showed significant differences in the water content and lipid content of whole fish, but no change in protein and ash content (see Table 6). As the protein content in the feed increased by more than 45%, the water content of the whole fish body decreased but the lipid content increased inversely.

Growth after completion of breeding experiment by experimental feed   Feed First Average First Average Feed Efficiency Weight Weight Weight Gain Rate (g Weight gain / Survival (g) (g) (g) (%) g Dry feed) (%) P-1.87 4.83 ^d 158 ^d 0.21 ^d 92 ^b P-2 1.83 7.00 ^c 282 ^c 0.33 ^c 99 ^a P-3 1.88 9.52 ^b 407 ^b 0.52 ^b 99 ^a P-4 1.84 15.58 ^a 749 ^a 0.85 ^a 100 ^a P- 5 1.85 16.56 ^a 796 ^a 0.82 ^a 100 ^a P-6 1.87 16.40 ^a 777 ^a 0.82 ^a 99 ^a P 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001 Pooled se 0.48 32.77 0.04 0.008

Whole-fish constituents of large fish after finishing breeding experiment   Feed moisture  General Components of Whole Word (%, Wet Weight) Protein lipid ash P-1 77.88 ^a 15.21 3.06 ^d 3.96 P-2 77.89 ^a 16.27 3.31 ^d 4.24 P-3 77.13 ^b 16.53 3.25 ^d 3.73 P-4 75.13 ^c 15.77 4.97 ^a 3.65 P-5 75.58 ^c 15.99 4.42 ^b 3.45 P-6 75.87 ^c 16.45 4.06 ^c 3.64 Comm 77.47 ^a 15.65 4.28 ^b 3.51 P 0.003 0.24 0.0009 0.15 Pooled se 0.48 0.38 0.26 0.20

[Facial carbohydrate and lipid content ratio]

As shown in Table 2, according to the carbohydrate and lipid content ratio, four kinds of semi-refined experimental feeds (carbohydrate / lipid content as C-1 to C-4 in Table 2 are 25/10, 31 / 7.5, 36/5, 42 / 2.5) and three types of practical feed (C-5 to C-7 in Table 2 above, carbohydrate / lipid content is 25/10 and 31 / 7.5 36/5, respectively) for 11 weeks As a result, it can be seen that the semi-finished experimental feed showed the best growth result when carbohydrate and lipid were contained 36% and 5%, respectively.

However, in the experimental experimental feed, there was no significant difference in growth according to the carbohydrate and lipid content ratio, but showed the highest growth when containing 25% and 10%, respectively (see Table 2). The proper carbohydrate / lipid content was changed according to the type of experimental feed. Regardless of the type of feed, the water content of the whole fish body generally increased but the lipid content decreased as the carbohydrate content and the lipid content decreased in the feed (see Table 7).

[Querminus Titration Energy / Protein Content]

Fish meal and casein were the main protein sources, and six-week breeding experiments with different energy and protein content (6-11 Kcal available energy / g protein) resulted in 9 (Kcal available energy). / g protein), but it was not significantly different from the feed added 7, 8, 10, 11, respectively. The experimental diet showed the lowest growth when the energy and protein content ratio was 6 (Kcal available energy / g protein) (see Table 3).

And when the protein content is the same 45%, the growth was high in the experimental diet fed high energy content. The higher the energy / protein content ratio, the higher the protein and lipid content of the fish, but the water and ash contents were similar (see Table 8).

Whole-fish constituents of the big fish after the completion of the breeding experiment by the experiment feed   Feed moisture  General Components of Whole Word (%, Wet Weight)          Protein lipid ash C-1 75.76 ^c 15.34 4.48 ^a 3.92 C-2 76.09 ^b 15.46 4.33 ^a 3.99 C-3 75.89 ^c 15.77 4.19 ^b 4.01 C-4 76.73 ^a 16.09 2.59 ^c 3.89 C-5 75.31 ^c 15.54 4.79 ^a 3.92 C-6 76.24 ^b 15.62 4.10 ^b 3.86 C-7 76.47 ^b 15.97 3.55 ^b 4.13 P 0.01 0.30 0.0001 0.63 Pooled se 1.38 3.18 6.02 0.37

Whole-fish constituents of the big fish after the completion of the breeding experiment by the experiment feed Feed moisture  General composition of whole word (%, dry weight)   Protein lipid ash E-1 73.66 17.76 ^b 3.70 ^b 4.23E-2 74.55 17.97 ^b 3.44 ^b 4.21E-3 74.71 17.78 ^b 3.56 ^b 4.58E-4 72.73 17.26 ^b 5.94 ^b 4.30E-5 72.21 18.13 ^a 6.28 ^b 4.08E-6 71.41 18.38 ^a 5.69 ^b 4.29 P 0.08 0.05 0.002 0.59 Pooled se 0.82 0.22 0.47 0.19

[Development of protein raw material for large fish]

Among the 8-week breeding results according to the various feed ingredients, it was moderately improved by adding krill, seaweed powder, spirulina and aquatic product preparation when 34.5% fishmeal and 34.5% soybean meal were added as main protein sources in the experimental feed. The growth results are shown (see Table 4). In addition, the addition of feed materials developed with 10.0% fish meal and 65.0% soybean meal as protein sources showed better growth results than feeds containing experimental feeds that did not contain mineral and vitamin mixtures (see Table 4).

However, after 8 weeks of breeding, more than 34.5% of soybean meal was added, but the growth was slightly improved by adding krill, seaweed powder, spirulina, and aquatic boiled fish, but showed significantly lower growth than the fish meal alone. 4). It was found that the feed prepared by the addition of various feed ingredients did not significantly affect the composition of the whole fish (see Table 9).

Therefore, fish meal should be added as a major protein source for the development of large-fish foods, and the addition ratio of soybean meal should be added below 30%. Feeding materials such as krill, seaweed powder, spirulina and aquatic boiled fish are expected to contribute to growth. In addition, the commercial feed for the bark rock lacquer appeared to increase the amount of fish meal to grow large fish.

Whole-fish constituents of the big fish after the completion of the breeding experiment by the experiment feed  Feed moisture  General Components of Whole Word (%, Wet Weight)     Protein lipid ash ED-1 74.09 16.44 4.22 ^b 3.91 ED-2 74.89 16.72 3.57 ^b 4.38ED-3 75.51 16.64 3.46 ^b 4.11ED-4 75.32 16.51 3.27 ^b 4.34ED-5 74.83 16.97 4.33 ^b 4.11ED-6 73.78 16.52 5.01 ^a 4.22 P 0.15 0.86 0.04 0.24 Pooled se 0.48 0.31 0.36 0.14

[Development of Lipid Raw Material in Fish for Large Fish]

As can be seen in Table 10 below, the diets were added to each of the five kinds of soybeans, such as squid liver oil, tallow, corn oil, pollack liver oil, soybean oil, respectively, and a mixed mixture of these mixtures. . At this time, it can be seen that the composition ratios of the other nutrients except the lipid source are the same.

These six kinds of experimental feeds were fed two times a day using a two-ton FRP square tank in a floating manner, and 20 large larvae with a weight of 2.63 0.02 g were born from the same mother, which was in preliminary breeding. Three repetitions were received in FRP tanks and supplied twice a day (09:00, 16:00). Breeding experiments were conducted for 73 days, the breeding water temperature was dependent on the natural water temperature (13.0 ~ 26.5 ℃).

As can be seen in Table 10 below, there was no significant growth difference in the experimental group consisting of five species and one mixture of various lipid raw materials (P> 0.05). In addition, the experimental group containing corn oil showed the highest growth value, and the squid liver oil, pollack liver oil, soybean oil and tallow were shown in the order of growth. And the mixed addition shows the median growth value.

Feed efficiency was similar to that of the suit, and the feed efficiency was higher in corn oil and pollack liver oil (P = 0.07). In addition, the survival rate did not show a significant difference depending on the type of lipid material and their alone or mixed groups (P> 0.05).

In addition, as can be seen in Table 11, when the lipid material is different in the experimental food for large fish, it shows a significant difference in moisture, protein and lipid content except ash of the whole fish body. That is, it was found that the water content is lowered and the protein and lipid content is increased by the mixed addition of the lipid raw material.

Composition (%, Building Standards) and Growth Results of Experimental Feeds Used to Develop Large Fish Feed Type LIPID-1 LIPID-2 LIPID-3 LIPID-4 LIPID-5 LIPID-6 Raw Material Squid Liver Oil Uji Corn Oil Pollack Liver Oil Soybean Oil Mix (Mixed) Uh minutes 59.4 59.4 59.4 59.4 59.4 59.4 wheat flour 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 Squid Liver Oil 4.7 - - - - 0.94 Wu Ji-4.7 - - 0.94 corn oil - - 4.7 - - 0.94 cod liver oil - - 4.7 - 0.94 for both oil 4.7-0.9-Mineral Premix ¹ 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 Vitamin Premix ² 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 Point 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 Calcium Forstate 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 Cellulose 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 Growth Rate ^{3, 4} (%) 730 675 740 711 691 702

Whole-fish constituents of large fish after the completion of breeding experiment by experimental feed for development of lipid raw material Feed moisture  General Components of Whole Word (%, Wet Weight)   Protein lipid ash LIPID-1 74.06 ^a 15.73 ^c 4.10 ^c 4.13 LIPID-2 74.21 ^a 16.53 ^c 3.93 ^c 4.21 LIPID-3 71.84 ^b 17.85 ^b 4.86 ^b 4.56 LIPID-4 71.52 ^b 18.07 ^a 5.25 ^b 4.22 LIPID-5 71.58 ^b 17.79 ^b 5.74 ^a 4.57 LIPID-6 70.46 ^b 18.34 ^a 5.38 ^b 4.43 P 0.002 0.007 0.001 0.07 Pooled se 0.54 0.43 0.25 0.11

As can be seen in the present invention as described above, the protein content is set in the range of 45 to 55%, the carbohydrate and the lipid content is preferably set to about 20 to 30% and 7 to 15% in the practical experimental feed, respectively. Do. And it can be seen that the protein content ratio is preferably set to 8 to 10 kcal available energy / g.

The protein source may include fish meal and soybean meal, but it can be seen that it is more desirable to increase the content of fish meal if possible. In addition, corn oil, pollock liver oil, soybean oil, squid oil, etc. may be used alone as a lipid raw material, or a mixture thereof may be used. However, corn oil is an economical lipid raw material as corn oil exhibits the best effect. It is expected that this will be more efficient.

As described above, the blended feed according to the present invention has the advantage that the economic efficiency is excellent while being optimal for the culture of the fish, it can be expected to further increase the efficiency of the culture of the fish.

And above all, the blended feed of the present invention is excellent in the growth effect of fresh fish even if only a small amount of expensive vitamin and mineral mixtures having a significant influence on the unit price of the feed is used to stabilize farming management and increase fishery income by reducing farming costs. Can contribute.

Claims (3)

A protein source selected from at least one selected from fish meal, soybean meal, krill (shrimp) powder, squid liver powder and corn gluten mill; A carbohydrate source selected from one or more of wheat flour or α-potato starch; At least one lipid source selected from pollack liver oil, squid liver oil and soybean oil, and corn oil containing n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids of 0.5% or more; And It comprises a binder; The content of the protein source is 45-55%, the content of the carbohydrate source is 20-30%, the content of the lipid source is 7-15%, the ratio of the appropriate energy for the protein is 8-10kcal available energy Combined feed for fish farming, characterized in that the composition is / g. The method of claim 1, wherein the seaweed powder, spirulina (Spirulina), lecithin, yeast or enzyme mixture for the culture of fish, characterized in that it further comprises an enzyme mixture. The mixed feed for aquaculture according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a vitamin mixture and a mineral mixture.