KR100449947B1 - The artificial cultivatiing method of hanabiratake(scientific name : sparassis crispa wulf.) - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention adds activated carbon and activated calcium to a medium mixed with larch and hardwood, adds a nitrogen source (nutrient) that is commonly used, sterilizes the medium at high temperature and high pressure, and then cultures the mushroom mushroom mycelia. It relates to a method of artificial cultivation of zinnia mushroom using a change in culture temperature of the time.

Description

THE ARTIFICIAL CULTIVATIING METHOD OF HANABIRATAKE (SCIENTIFIC NAME: SPARASSIS CRISPA WULF.)}

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for cultivating fruit mushrooms and to provide a method for growing fruiting bodies by facilitating the growth of fruiting bodies by facilitating the production of a suitable medium and the temperature environment in the culturing step.

In the present invention, activated carbon and activated calcium are added to a medium mixed with larch and hardwood sawdust, and a nitrogen source (nutrient), which is commonly used, is added, and the medium is sterilized at high temperature and high pressure, followed by cultivating the mushroom mushroom mycelia. It relates to a method of artificial cultivation of blossom mushrooms using a change in culture temperature when.

Blossom mushrooms form fruiting bodies in larch forests, which are mainly conifers in nature. However, the ability of the wood to rot is extremely weak, and this larch is weathered for a long time, so that the mycelium of flowering mushrooms cannot multiply unless the harmful components of mycelial growth are degraded or spilled. This subtle growth environment is a problem, and only a very small amount of fruiting bodies of the mushrooms is found in nature. However, since this subtle growth environment is not clearly identified scientifically, artificial cultivation of zinnia was nearly impossible. (Reference: Flower Mushroom, Mental World History, Pharmacy Doctor Yadomae Toshiro, Doctor of Medicine Nakajima Mitsuo) It is a mushroom of the genus 1, 1 genus and 2 species of the genus, to Hanabirata.

The blossom mushroom is a mushroom of white cabbage, and the stem is branched with repeating branches. Branches thinly (1mm-1.5mm) on petals, and fruiting layer develops only on the lower side of the branches of petals (gravity direction).

The tissue is porous when viewed under an electron microscope. Spores are elliptical 6-7x4-5 micrometers.

On the other hand, the anti-tumorality of flowering mushrooms has recently been recognized in Japan and the like, and it is suddenly attracting attention.

However, it is also very difficult to obtain mushrooms in the natural world like electricity, and it is difficult to say that artificial cultivation is efficient, and demand is not satisfied because it is not distributed on the market.

Therefore, in recent years, artificial cultivation methods have been developed in Japan (JP-A 11-56098). According to this method, lactic acid is extracted by hot water extraction to remove soluble components, and then nutrients are added.

However, it is very annoying to remove the mycelial growth inhibiting component of the flowering mushroom according to the former method by hot water extraction, and it takes time and effort, and it is difficult to completely remove the inhibitory component. In addition, it has been known that hot water extraction removes even substances that are effective for the growth of mycelium hyphae. In addition, indoor temperature control during culturing is not clear, and there is a problem in environmental control of artificial cultivation.

The technical problem to be achieved by the present invention is to solve the simple production method of the medium suitable for cultivating the mushroom mushroom and the temperature environment in the cultivation step, to facilitate the growth of fruiting bodies, and to develop an economical and profitable fruiting body growing method. .

The present invention devised a medium in which larch mushrooms (sawdust) and mixed hardwood flour (sawdust) were arbitrarily mixed, focusing on the fact that this mushroom was found in a place where mixed hardwoods were mixed in a larch forest. Here, the deciduous tree is used as oak, oak, maple, beech, birch, chestnut, and hawthorn.

Here, the ratio of larch and hardwood is 1: 1-3: 1, and the reason for this range is that the hyphae of flowering mushrooms grow easily and the economic efficiency is good.

Outside this range, mycelial growth is extremely slow, economic efficiency is poor, and mushrooms are not formed. The reason is that when the ratio of larch is too small compared to the hardwoods, it is impossible for the mycelium to absorb the components of the larch as in the larch in nature. On the contrary, if there are too many larch, the mycelium will not grow because of the lactic acid mushroom mycelial growth inhibitory ingredient (not yet identified taxonomy of plants).

By blending the activated carbon at 0.5 to 3.0% by weight of the medium, the sterilization is carried out at high temperature and high pressure to promote decomposition of the inhibitory substance of the mushroom, and even a small amount of the remaining inhibitory substance is adsorbed with the activated carbon. It is possible to remove it from the badge. As a result of the experiment, the activated carbon blended at 0.5 to 3.0 wt% per weight of the medium was optimal. If it was out of this range, the mycelial growth was delayed. Here, the role of activated carbon is to adsorb the growth inhibitory material of the flower mushroom, and the mycelia of the flower mushroom grow and the mycelia grow in the medium, a large amount of waste products from the mycelium are discharged into the medium to inhibit the growth of the mycelia. Inhibit. The second role is that the activated carbon is also adsorbed and removed from the medium.

By adding 0.01% to 0.5% by weight of active calcium (water soluble calcium), it supplies essential nutrients for the growth of mycelia, thereby promoting vitality of the mycelia.

After adding activated carbon and activated calcium, rice bran (rice bran), bran, and the like, which are commonly used for mushrooms, were added as a nitrogen source (nutrient).

In this case, by adding an appropriate amount of hardwood flour (sawdust) to larch flour (sawdust), which is the main material, unlike the case of larch flour (sawdust) alone, it is not necessary to remove the inhibitor by hot water extraction. It is possible to sterilize by mixing and adding directly to high temperature and high pressure. The hot water extraction process of the medium is omitted, the labor is reduced a lot, and the handling becomes simpler, which enables economical cultivation of mushrooms.

In the present invention, each incubation period in which the incubation temperature is changed is particularly accurately determined in the case where the adjustment medium described above is used. After the seedling inoculation, mycelia are rampant and 45 days are required to absorb nutrients from the whole medium. At that time, 24 ~ 26 ℃ is optimal for the mycelial growth. During this period, a myriad of fruiting bodies are formed in the medium, and the mycelium of blossom mushrooms is waiting for the opportunity to develop into fruiting bodies.

After the mycelia are rampant, the next step is to raise the incubation temperature to 26-28 ° C. for 10 days, leaving only a large vigor as the small or weak growth vigor is removed from the innumerable vigor of the fruiting bodies. In addition, experiments have shown that it takes 10 days at this temperature to accumulate a large amount of glycogen in mycelial cells, because it needs to be secured to meet the massive energy demands when fruiting bodies are formed and developed.

Next, in order to develop fruiting body raw material into a fruiting body, it is necessary to hold | maintain the said temperature for 1 to 5 days after lowering | cultivating temperature to 16-19 degreeC. It is artificially designed that the blossom mushroom was found in the natural world in the bush as early as 30 ℃ in early summer days, and furthermore, the fruiting body was found after the thunderstorm and the sudden drop in temperature, 16 ~ 19 ℃.

After the growth from the fruiting body to the fruiting body starts, the growth temperature is maintained at 22 to 25 ° C. for 14 to 21 days, and the flowering mushroom fruiting body is sufficiently grown to obtain a harvest.

[Examples and Comparative Examples]

An Example is shown below and it demonstrates more concretely. In addition, this invention is not limited to the following example.

Example 1

Larch and hardwoods make 1 kg in a 3: 1 ratio. 5% by weight of activated carbon is added to make the water 55%, and then pressurized at 1.5 at 121 ° C for 2 hours, warmed, and cooled. Thereafter, 336 g of wheat flour, 23 g of natural brewer's yeast, and 0.3 g of edible calcium chloride were added as a solid component, 1470 ml of water and 0.3 ml of a commercial nitrogenous fertilizer were added to form a medium as a liquid component.

Next, the fungus was heated and sterilized at 110 ° C and 1.2 atm for 300 minutes, and after cooling, the seedlings of the flower mushroom were inoculated. It was incubated for 40 days in an environment of room temperature 24 ° C. and a relative humidity of 70%. The fruiting body was developed at 23 ° C. for 15 days after being kept at 17 ° C. for 4 days for fruiting body formation. As a result, it was observed that 120 g of blossom mushrooms were generated based on the 850 ml bottle medium.

Example 2

Make 1 kg of larch and hardwood powder 1: 1 ratio, add 0.3% by weight of active calcium, mix to 55% moisture, pressurize at 1.5 atmosphere, 121 ℃ for 2 hours, and then cool.

Thereafter, the above-mentioned solids are added, the liquid components are added and evenly mixed, and the fungus is sterilized by heating at 110 캜 and 1.2 atm for 300 minutes.

After cooling, the fruiting body was obtained by inoculation, incubation and development in the same manner as the above method.

This method is very effective in terms of yield and yield, it can be observed that more than 15 to 20% yield increase and the growing period is more than 10% earlier than the above embodiment.

According to the present invention, cultivation of high-performance new mushrooms that maximizes the profits of cultivators and contributes to the public's health through mass cultivation of the cultivated mushrooms, which has not been possible until now, has not been economical.

Claims (5)

(a) comprising a mixture of larch powder and hardwood powder in a ratio of 1: 1 to 3: 1, and sterilizing the mixture at 1.2 to 1.5 atm and 110 ° C to 121 ° C to prepare a medium for cultivating a mushroom mushroom ; (b) inoculating the seed of the flower mushroom in the medium of a); (c) maintaining the culture temperature at 24 ° C. to 26 ° C. to spread the mycelium, and then raising the temperature to 26 ° C. to 28 ° C. and maintaining the temperature for 10 days to form a fruiting body primitive; (d) lowering the culture temperature to 16 ° C. to 19 ° C., and maintaining the temperature for 1 to 5 days to form a fruiting body; And (e) artificial culture cultivation method of the mushroom mushroom comprising the step of raising the culture temperature to 22 ℃ ~ 25 ℃, maintaining the fruiting body for 14 to 21 days. The method according to claim 1, wherein the culture medium for cultivating the mushroom mushrooms further comprises 0.5 to 3.0% by weight of activated carbon per medium weight. The method of claim 1, wherein the medium for cultivating the mushroom mushrooms is characterized in that it further comprises 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of active calcium per weight of the medium. delete delete