KR100420978B1 - A Starfish Liquid Fertilizer And A Rice Producing Method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for producing liquid fertilizer and rice using starfish, starfish in a container 89wt% to 94wt%, brown sugar 1wt% to 2wt%, natural organic acid or wood vinegar 6wt% to 8wt%, anaerobic microorganism 0.4wt% to 0.6 It is prepared by fermentation and maturation after blending wt%.

The produced liquid fertilizer is a low-phosphate liquid fertilizer, which prevents acidification of the soil, thereby preventing environmental pollution and providing an effect of preventing the destruction of the ecosystem due to overgrowth of starfish.

Description

A Starfish Liquid Fertilizer And A Rice Producing Method

The present invention relates to a starfish liquid fertilizer and rice production method, and in particular, starfish liquid fertilizer prepared by adding brown sugar, natural organic acid or wood vinegar, microorganisms to the starfish, fermented and aged, and a method of producing rice using the starfish liquid fertilizer It is about.

As is well known, the starfish contains 67.8% water and 32.2% solids, and more than half of the solids, 18.3%, are composed of ash, which is a calcareous component.

In general, in order to use as a compost, fertilizer, and livestock feed, starfish were used after being crushed to dryness. However, since starfish are epidermal animals, since they contain a lot of animal protein, they are difficult to dry and take a lot of time to dry.

In this process, even if the starfish is dried, there is a problem that the mold is frequently generated when the humidity increases and the decay occurs frequently. Thus, the amount of starfish processed through this process is limited.

In addition, environmental pollution has resulted in the overproduction of starfish, and the overgrown starfish disrupts the balance of the ecosystem, and these overgrown starfish eat fish and shellfish that inhabit tidal flats, farms, and the sea, causing damage to fishermen. There is a situation.

Nitrogen (N), phosphoric acid (P), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S), and calcium (Ca), which are essential elements for growing crops, are essential elements and iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) , Boron (B), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo) and chlorine (Cl) are called essential trace elements. In particular, calcium (Ca) lime plays an important role in controlling the taste (soil reaction) of the soil so that the elements present in the soil can be absorbed by the crops or insoluble and not absorbed. It also greatly affects the living environment of microorganisms that act beneficially.

However, the soil of our country is serious imbalance of various components. In particular, most of Korea's soils are acidic. This is because the base material of Korean soil is mainly developed from granite and granitic gneiss. Saturn is a quality, sand, and granular coarse material, which is caused by overdose of lime, magnesium, potassium, etc.

Table 1 shows the state of soil in Korea.

As shown in Table 1, in particular, the average pH (pH) in the field soil is about 5.5, which is far below the optimum value (pH 6.5), and in some forest areas and parks where soil is not properly managed, the pH reaches 4.5. . The severe acidification of the soil is due to the leaching of soil and useful components due to heavy rains, and is also reported to be affected by acid rain due to industrialization.

division Paddy field field Status (A) Titration (B) Level (A / B) Status (A) Titration (B) Level (A / B) Acidity (pH) Organic matter (%) Phosphoric acid (mg / kg) Caliper (Cmol / kg) Lime (Cmol / kg) Silic acid (mg / kg) C · E · C ((Cmol / kg) 5.62.51280.324.0729.2 6.53.01000.305.013015 8683128107805561 5.52.45380.644.2-10.3 6.53.03000.505.0-15 858017912884-67

In addition, another source of component imbalance can be attributed to the vegetation of our country. Most of the vegetation of our country has a lot of coniferous pine, so the organic content of soil is low, and the climate is warm and the rainfall is high. Due to the high inclination, it is difficult for organic matter to accumulate in the soil, resulting in low organic matter content. In the case of paddy and field soils in Korea, the average organic matter content in the soil is 2.4-2.5%, which is lower than the optimum value (3.0%), which is disadvantageous for forming the grain structure of the soil, which greatly helps crop growth. Less fertility of the soil, such as less buffering capacity to mitigate changes in the soil environment.

Due to these characteristics, various fertilizers are used in the cultivation of crops in Korea, but most of them are chemical fertilizers, not natural fertilizers.

Therefore, the present invention has been proposed to solve the above problems of the prior art, a starfish, brown sugar, natural organic acid or wood vinegar solution, microorganisms in a certain ratio, and then fermented and aged to produce a starfish liquor It is done.

The present invention for achieving the above object is after mixing starfish 89wt% to 94wt%, brown sugar 1wt% to 2wt%, natural organic acid or wood vinegar 6wt% to 8wt%, anaerobic microorganism 0.4wt% to 0.6wt% Fermentation and maturation is made of a liquid fertilizer manufacturing method using a starfish, starfish: sea sand or ocher soil: chaff: the ratio of microorganisms 38 to 40: 24.5 to 25: 29 to 30: 4.5 to 5 After compounding with fermentation consists of a compost manufacturing method using a starfish to produce compost.

Starfish liquor according to the present invention is fermented after mixing starfish from 89wt% to 94wt%, brown sugar 1wt% to 2wt%, natural organic acid or wood vinegar 6wt% to 8wt%, anaerobic microorganism 0.4wt% to 0.6wt% It is made by aging.

Hereinafter, a liquid preparation method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

Example 1

First, a container required for the experiment, starfish 89wt% to 94wt%, brown sugar 1wt% to 2wt%, natural organic acid solution 6wt% to 8wt%, anaerobic microorganism 0.4wt% to 0.6wt% is prepared.

As a natural organic acid solution, brown rice vinegar is used. Brown rice vinegar contains acetic acid bacteria on its own, which easily breaks down starfish to extract calcium and other substances.

In addition, wood vinegar which is intermediate between an organic acid and an inorganic acid may be used instead of the natural organic acid solution. Wood vinegar is a charcoal smoke produced by burning charcoal, which recovers liquid that is naturally cooled. Acetic acid is the main ingredient.

The container can be selectively used according to needs, such as a rubber container, a plastic container, an iron container, a wooden container, etc. In the present invention, a case in which a rubber container is inexpensive and easy to use has been described as an example, but the aeration into itself is a natural material. It is most preferable to use a cedar container that provides a good condition for the growth of microorganisms and the like.

Anaerobic microorganisms are excellent in fermentation ability even in a small amount, but also shorten the time, but in the present invention, cheap and easy to obtain, but also excellent in degradability was used Cheonbo No. 1.

Place the prepared ingredients in a rubber container. At this time, while putting the starfish, put the brown sugar, microorganism, brown rice vinegar in the middle of the starfish so that the ingredients can be evenly distributed.

Seal the rubber container with all the prepared materials and place it in the aging room. Sealing the rubber container prevents the inflow of external air and foreign substances to form the optimum conditions for the growth of anaerobic microorganisms. In addition, the aging chamber is blocked by 70% of light at a temperature of 18 ~ 25 ℃, humidity 60 ~ 70% to form the optimum conditions of fermentation.

After about 7 days in the aging chamber, the microorganisms in the container begin to ferment, forming a white foam and giving off a bad smell.

Then, after about one month in the aging room, the starfish in the container is completely decomposed, and after about two months, bubbles due to fermentation disappear and dark gray liquid is produced.

As such, when the dark gray liquid is produced after 2 months in the aging chamber, the produced dark gray liquid is filtered to remove the residue in the fermentation broth.

7kg of brown sugar is added to the fermentation broth from which the scum is removed to stabilize the microorganisms by aging for 3 months or longer to make the color of the liquid clear and clear, and remove odors.

Example 2

Prepare starfish 89wt% to 94wt%, brown sugar 1wt% to 2wt%, wood vinegar 6wt% to 8wt%, anaerobic microorganism 0.4wt% to 0.6wt% in a container in a rubber container in the same process as in Example 1 above keep it.

Unlike brown rice vinegar used in Example 1, wood vinegar is an intermediate acid of organic acid and inorganic acid, which is slower in decomposition rate than brown rice vinegar, but generates less odor and clears liquid during ripening.

As such, after 7 days in the fermentation chamber in a rubber container, the microorganisms in the rubber container begin to ferment, and the wood vinegar is turned into a black liquid.

However, the starfish in the rubber container does not decompose and maintains a harder form.

After 2 months, the odor due to fermentation disappears and the smell of wood vinegar is unique. At this time, the wood vinegar that turned into a black liquid turns into a clear black dark liquid, and the starfish completely decomposes and loses its shape.

After 3 months in the fermentation chamber, the useful components decomposed from the starfish are dissolved in the liquid to remove the unnecessary debris completely. A complete liquid fertilizer is prepared by further adding 7 kg of brown sugar to the liquid from which the dregs have been completely filtered and further aging for a certain period of time.

Table 2 shows the ingredient analysis table after adding brown rice vinegar or wood vinegar to starfish and fermenting and aging for 2 months. Table 3 shows the ingredient analysis table after fermenting and aging for 1 year. Compounds other than starfish, brown rice vinegar or wood vinegar of Table 2 and Table 3 are common as brown sugar and microorganisms.)

As shown in Table 2 and Table 3, as a result of analyzing the liquid ratio according to the present invention, all components after one year increased due to the aging, but phosphoric acid was maintained at 0.03%, which is suitable as a low-phosphate fertilizer. Do.

division N P ₂ O ₅ K ₂ O CaO MgO NaCl Fe Mn Cu Zn Acidity Salinity % mg / kg = ppm % Brown Rice Vinegar + Starfish 1.10 0.03 0.25 0.15 0.10 1.36 13.33 - 0.07 1.42 6.7 7.68 Wood vinegar + starfish 1.10 0.03 0.31 0.19 0.12 1.71 18.61 - - 1.10 6.8 7.36

division N P ₂ O ₅ K ₂ O CaO MgO Fe Mn Zn % ppm The liquor made with starfish + vinegar liquor 16.4 0.03 0.75 0.72 0.46 109 0.9 1.93

Hereinafter, the effects of the present invention obtained using the starfish liquid fertilizer prepared through the above embodiment will be described through the examples.

Example 3

Starfish liquor according to the invention is applied to 300kg / 10a 15 days before rice transplantation.

20-25 days after rice transplantation, spray pesticides (sterilizers, insecticides) with 800 times diluted starfish liquid fertilizer.

After transplanting rice, spray pesticides (sterilizers, insecticides) with 800 times diluted starfish liquid fertilizer before the end of July.

After application of ear manure, pesticides (sterilizers, insecticides) are mixed with 500 times diluted wood vinegar and 500 times diluted starfish liquor in mid-August.

As such, the amount of pesticide used during rice cultivation is reduced by about 1/2 compared to the conventional one, and then the amount of pesticide used is reduced by mixing with starfish liquor.

In addition, as a result of using starfish liquid fertilizer, the damage caused by rice growth was reduced by 70%, the calcium content in rice increased, and the diseases of blast and paperback disease were reduced, and the maturity of rice was also improved. The amount of rice harvested from the rice harvest was improved to 539kg / 10a, which is higher than the general yield of 504kg / 10a, and thus the income from rice cultivation was 1196 thousand won / 10a, which is much higher than the general income of 91.3 thousand won / 10a.

Example 4

After 15 days of sowing seeds, the starfish was fertilized first, and the first and second fertilization were carried out every 15 days. Due to this, the germination rate of leek was about 90%, much higher than the general germination rate of 60%. In addition, the incidence of pests has also been reduced, resulting in a reduction in pesticide use to prevent and eliminate pests.

In addition, the compost manufacturing method using the starfish according to the present invention is the ratio of starfish: sea sand or ocher soil: chaff: microorganisms of 38 to 40wt%: 24.5 to 25wt%: 29 to 30 wt%: 4.5 to 5 wt%, respectively. Fermentation is carried out after blending in proportion.

Hereinafter, the compost manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

Example 5

Starfish: sea sand or ocher soil: chaff: microorganisms in a ratio of 38 to 40 wt%: 24.5 to 25 wt%: 29 to 30 wt%: 4.5 to 5 wt%, respectively, and then stored in the compost sand.

It is stored in the compost to prevent the spread of odor generated when fermentation due to the outside and to prevent the entry of foreign objects. In the present invention, although anaerobic microorganism Cheonbo 1 is used, aerobic microorganisms may be used.

The use of aerobic microorganisms is possible due to the chaff used in the present invention. Chaff regulates moisture control and air permeability, creating conditions for aerobic microorganisms to grow. In addition, various organic matters such as sugar and rice snow enzymes contained in small amounts in chaff are used as food for microorganisms to actively grow microorganisms.

At this time, the temperature in the compost sand is maintained at a temperature of 18-25 ℃, humidity is about 70% to block 60% of the light to create the optimal conditions for the growth of microorganisms.

After one month in compost, the starfish disintegrated to the size of a grain of sand, and the chaff was fermented and turned black. As fermentation proceeds, heat is generated, raising the temperature inside the material to 50-60 ° C. This is a temperature threatening the growth of microorganisms, which mixes the ingredients evenly every 2-3 days to lower the internal temperature of the materials.

Two months after the fertilizer is put into the compost, the starfish's fermentation ends and the odor generated during fermentation disappears and the water content in the compost is maintained at 30-40%, making it suitable for composting.

(Example 6)

Starfish: sea sand or ocher soil: chaff: microorganisms in the ratio of 38 to 40 wt%: 24.5 to 25 wt%: 29 to 30 wt%: 4.5 to 5 wt%, the same procedure as in Example 5 Proceed to

Two months after storage in the compost, the starfish are completely decomposed to the size of the grains of sand, and the chaff has become fermented and turned black, and the water is 30-40% suitable for composting.

The ocher soil or sea sand used in the present invention controls the moisture to create an environment suitable for the growth of microorganisms. When manufacturing compost without using ocher soil or sea sand, it is most preferable to use ocher soil or sea sand because it is more likely to fail than when compost is formed using ocher soil or sea sand. In addition, it is most desirable to use uncontaminated ocher soil or sea sand to reduce the probability of failure to produce compost.

Sea sand used in Example 5 is a material that can be easily obtained if the beach, the salt in the sea sand is 0.04% to meet the compost salt content. Salinity in the sea sand can be maximized the effect of the present invention by supplying a lot of nutrients to the crop to reduce the occurrence of pests of the crop due to the base and various minerals.

When sea sand or ocher soil were used, there were almost no differences in compost components due to the difference between sea sand and ocher soil.

Table 4 shows the ingredient analysis table 4 months after fermentation after mixing starfish, sea sand, rice hulls and microorganisms.

As shown in Table 4, as a result of analyzing the compost according to the present invention, the components to be included in the general compost are well-equipped, and the salinity of the compost is 0.40%, which is 1% or less of the salinity standard, and there is no problem in composting.

division N C C / N ratio P ₂ O ₅ K ₂ O CaO MgO NaCl Fe Mn Cu Zn As Analysis % ppm 0.23 6.23 27.1 (unitless) 0.19 0.64 3.94 0.78 0.40 1.777 115 81.5 33.7 5.95

As described above, no chemical component is added to the manufacturing process of the starfish liquid fertilizer according to the present invention, which is made of pure natural ingredients, so there is no fear of environmental pollution, and the destruction of the ecosystem due to starfish overgrown by environmental pollution can be reduced. . In addition, the starfish liquid fertilizer according to the present invention in the Korean soil converted to acidic soil due to the use of chemical fertilizer can be used in the acidified soil with natural low-phosphate liquid fertilizer can improve the acidity of the soil. In addition, it contains nitrogen, carry, lime, clay and a large amount of minerals in the chemical fertilizer can replace the chemical fertilizer.

By applying the starch liquid fertilizer according to the present invention by correcting the soil acidity is an advantageous invention that can provide the effect of increasing the yield of rice by facilitating the absorption of nutrients of the crops and to facilitate the propagation and utilization of the microorganisms.

Claims (5)

Starfish characterized in that the starfish is prepared by fermentation and maturation after mixing the starfish 89wt% to 94wt%, brown sugar 1wt% to 2wt%, natural organic acid solution 6wt% to 8wt%, anaerobic microorganism 0.4wt% to 0.6wt% Liquor. The method of claim 1, The natural organic acid solution is starfish liquor, characterized in that the brown rice vinegar is used. Starfish liquid fertilizer, characterized in that the starfish is prepared by fermentation and ripening after mixing the starfish 89wt% to 94wt%, brown sugar 1wt% to 2wt%, wood vinegar 6wt% to 8wt%, anaerobic microorganism 0.4wt% to 0.6wt%. A method for producing rice, wherein the starfish liquor according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is used before and after rice transplantation and before and after manure. The method according to claim 4, wherein the starfish liquor, Before rice transplanting, spray 300KG / 10a, After 20-25 days after rice transplantation, dilute 800 times and spray with pesticide, Before dipping, dilute to 800 times and spray with pesticide, After the ear manure is diluted 500 times to produce a rice, characterized in that sprayed with pesticide.