KR100374523B1 - 액체매체내에서마찰을이용하는장치에장착되도록의도된마찰재 - Google Patents
액체매체내에서마찰을이용하는장치에장착되도록의도된마찰재 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR100374523B1 KR100374523B1 KR1019950705273A KR19950705273A KR100374523B1 KR 100374523 B1 KR100374523 B1 KR 100374523B1 KR 1019950705273 A KR1019950705273 A KR 1019950705273A KR 19950705273 A KR19950705273 A KR 19950705273A KR 100374523 B1 KR100374523 B1 KR 100374523B1
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- friction material
- fibers
- mat
- friction
- thermosetting resin
- Prior art date
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- 239000002783 friction material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000206761 Bacillariophyta Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002972 Acrylic fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ferrous sulfide Chemical compound [Fe]=S MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006282 Phenolic fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003987 resole Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicide(4-) Chemical compound [Si-4] FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009960 carding Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNFTZDOKVXKIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-methoxyethoxy)benzohydrazide Chemical compound COCCOC1=CC=CC(C(=O)NN)=C1 GNFTZDOKVXKIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound O=C.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007603 infrared drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000009719 polyimide resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N polynoxylin Chemical compound O=C.NC(N)=O ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005549 size reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
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- D04H1/74—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being orientated, e.g. in parallel (anisotropic fleeces)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
- F16D69/02—Composition of linings ; Methods of manufacturing
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- D04H1/4209—Inorganic fibres
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- D04H1/645—Impregnation followed by a solidification process
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- D04H18/00—Needling machines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F16D2200/0082—Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0091—Impregnating a mat of fibres with a binder
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
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Abstract
본 발명에 따른 액체 매체용 마찰재는 열경화성 수지가 함침된 섬유 매트로 구성되며, 상기 섬유는 적어도 12 mm 의 길이를 갖는다.
상기 마찰재를 제조하기 위한 방법은:
a) 동일한 특성 또는 상이한 특성을 갖는 섬유의 혼합물을 혼합기내에서 제조하는 단계와;
b) 상기 혼합물을 카드하여 카드 웨브를 제작하는 단계와;
c) 상기 카드 웨브를 중첩하는 단계와;
d) 이렇게 형성된 랩을 통과시키는 단계와;
e) 상기 통과된 매트에 열경화성 수지를 함침시키는 단계를 포함한다.
Description
본 발명의 목적은 액체 매체내에서 마찰을 이용하는 장치에 부착되도록 설계된 마찰재와, 상기 마찰재 및 그것이 부착되는 장치의 제조방법을 제공하는 것이다.
특히, 그러한 마찰재는 편평한 링 또는 절두원추형의 형상으로 되어 있고, 마찰재가 부착되는 장치는, 오일내에서 작동하는, 특히 자동 기어박스 또는 그의 관련장치용의 클러치 또는 브레이크 디스크이거나, 또는 역시 오일내에서 작동하는 수동식 기어박스용의 동기화 링 또는 원추체이며, 그러한 장치는 차량에 설치된다.
상기 용도에 대해 종래에 사용되어온 마찰재는: 페이퍼형(paper type) 재료, 소결 재료(sintered material) 및 흑연 함유 성형재(graphite-containing moulded material)의 세가지 유형이 있다.
페이퍼형 재료는 본질적으로 수지가 함침된 셀룰로스 섬유로 구성된다.
그들은 통상적인 제지공정을 이용한 습식 방법(wet method)에 의해, 즉 수지를 함유한 수용액내에 셀룰로스 섬유를 분산시킨 다음 방사 및 건조시키는 것에 의해 얻어진다.
그러한 방법은 반드시 평균 길이가 1mm 미만인 짧은 길이의 섬유를 사용한다.
이러한 유형의 재료는 그 온도가 150℃에 달하자 마자 매우 급속히 열화(劣化)되는 결점을 갖고 있으며, 이러한 현상은 마찰재를 구비한 장치가 작은 공간내에서 실제로 증가하는 속도에서 높은 토오크를 전달 또는 흡수해야 하는 경우에 발생된다.
이제, 이러한 상황은, 한편으로는 열기관의 증가하는 힘때문에, 다른 한편으로는 엔진의 토오크를 전달하기 위한 장치의 크기 감소(이것은 마찰장치의 파지 압력을 증가시킬 필요가 있게 함) 때문에 야기된다.
소결 재료는 이러한 단점을 갖지는 않으나, 페이퍼형 재료와는 달리 마찰 계수가 낮다.
더우기, 이러한 재료는 손상을 야기하는 진동과 소음을 발생시킨다.
흑연 함유 성형 재료는 그 제조 비용이 비교적 높으며 토오크를 안정되게 전달하지 못한다.
본 발명의 목적은, 특히 높고 안정된 마찰 계수와, 높은 작동 압력에서의 높은 내열성 및 양호한 내마모성을 갖는 액체 매체용 마찰재를 제안하는 것에 의해 전술한 결점을 극복하는 것이다.
본 발명에 따른 액체 매체용 마찰재는, 마찰재가 열경화성 수지가 함침된 섬유의 매트로 구성되는 것과, 섬유가 적어도 12mm의 길이를 갖는 것을 특징으로 한다.
별개로 또는 조합으로 취해진 다른 특성에 따르면,
- 섬유의 평균 길이는 길어야 120mm이고;
- 섬유는 유리, 울, 면, 세라믹, 폴리아크릴로니트릴, 사전산화된(preoxidized) 폴리아크릴로니트릴 및 아라미드로 이루어진 섬유의 그룹중에서 선택되며;
- 매트내에는, 구리, 암면, 탄소(코크스 및/또는 환원된 분말 탄소 섬유, 흑연), 규소화 아연, 황화 철, 알루미나, 고무 및 규조류 등의 원소 또는 화합물의 전부 또는 일부를 포함하는 분말 형태의 충전재가 삽입되고;
- 매트내에는, 유리, 아라미드, 아크릴 섬유 및 페놀 섬유로 이루어진 펄프등의 화합물이 전부 또는 일부를 포함하는 펄프 형태의 충전재가 삽입되며;
- 열경화성 수지는 바람직하게는 수성인 극성 용제를 가지며;
- 열경화성 수지에는, 구리, 암면, 탄소(코크스 및/또는 환원된 분말 탄소섬유, 흑연), 규소화 아연, 황화 철, 알루미나, 고무 및 규조류 등의 원소 또는 화합물의 전부 또는 일부를 포함하는 라텍스 및/또는 분말 형태의 충전재가 첨가된다.
본 발명에 따른 마찰재의 제조방법은:
a) 전술한 바와 같은 동일한 특성 또는 상이한 특성을 갖는 섬유의 혼합물을 혼합기내에서 제조하는 단계와;
b) 상기 혼합물을 카딩(carding) 가공하여 카드 웨브(card web)를 제작하는 단계와;
c) 상기 카드 웨브를 중첩시키는 단계와;
d) 이렇게 형성된 랩(lap)을 니들링(needling) 가공하는 단계와;
e) 상기 니들링 가공된 매트(mat)에 열경화성 수지를 함침시키는 단계와;
f) 상기 함침된 매트를 건조시키는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다.
별개로 또는 조합으로 취해진 다른 특정에 따르면,
- 상기 b) 단계와 상기 c) 단계의 사이에서는, 전술한 바와 같은 분말 형태의 충전재가 상기 카드 웨브상에 뿌려지며;
- 상기 e) 단계 전에, 전술한 바와 같은 충전재를 상기 열경화성 수지에 첨가하며;
- 상기 e) 단계 전에, 전술한 바와 같은 충전재 액체 내에서 희석 또는 분산에 의해 코어로 니들링 가공된 매트의 함침 작업을 수행하며;
- 상기 카딩 가공은 울(wool)형 카드에 의해 실행되고;
- 상기 니들링 작업전에 예비 니들링(preliminary needling) 작업이 수행되며;
- 상기 수지 함침은 용액상의 수지 또는 물에 분산된 수지를 담은 탱크내에 담그는 것에 의해 수행되며;
- 건조 전에 압착 또는 원심 탈수 동작이 수행되고;
- 건조 후에 또는 건조중에 상기 매트가 권취된다.
변형예로서, 상기 방법은:
a) 전술한 바와 동일한 특성 또는 상이한 특성을 갖는 섬유의 혼합물을 혼합기내에서 제조하는 단계와;
b) 상기 혼합물을 카딩 가공하여 카드 웨브를 제작하는 단계와;
c') 전술한 바와 같은 분말 형태의 충전재와 분말 형태의 수지를 카드 웨브상에 뿌리는 단계와;
d') 상기 매트를 수지의 유동을 보장하는 적절한 온도로 가열하는 동안 압축시키는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다.
마찰재로 코팅된 장치를 제조하기 위하여, 본 발명에 따른 방법은:
g) 링(또는 변형예로서 하나의 링을 형성하는 복수의 섹터)을 전술한 바와 같이 제조된 매트로부터 절단해내는 단계와;
i) 상기 링 또는 하나의 링을 형성하는 상기 복수의 섹터를 몰드의 바닥에 배치하는 단계와;
j) 몰드내에서 상기 링 또는 하나의 링을 형성하는 상기 복수의 섹터상에 금속 지지체를 배치하는 단계와;
k) 적절한 경우에, 상기 링 또는 하나의 링을 형성하는 상기 복수의 섹터 반대쪽의 금속 지지체상에 제 2 링 또는 하나의 링을 형성하는 복수의 섹터를 배치하는 단계와;
1) 상기 몰드를 폐쇄하는 피스톤의 운동을 제어하고 규제하도록 심(shim)을 배치한 상태로 상기 몰드를 폐쇄하는 단계와;
m) 상기 몰드 내부에 압력를 가한 상태에서 가열하여 상기 링을 그리고 상기 제 2 링이 적용되는 경우에는 제 2 링을 상기 금속 지지체에 부착시키는 단계와;
n) 상기 몰드를 개방하고, 상기 마찰재로 코팅된 상기 장치를 냉각시키는 단계를 포함한다.
변형예로서, 단계 g)는 그것과 동일하지만 d) 단계와 e) 단계의 사이에서 수행되는 단계 h)로 대체된다.
별개로 또는 조합으로 취해진 본 발명의 다른 특징에 따르면,
- 몰드 및 피스톤이 편평한 바닥을 갖고 있으며;
- 몰드의 바닥은 홈이 형성되어 있고;
-몰드 또는 피스톤은 절두원추형상이고;
- 피스톤의 운동을 제한하는 심은 상기 마찰재의 공극률이 20% 내지 70%가 될 정도의 크기를 가지며;
- 상기 가열 온도는 130℃ 내지 220℃이다.
상기 제품 및 방법의 다른 특징과 장점은 첨부 도면과 관련된 이하의 예시적 실시예에 대한 설명으로부터 명백히 알 수 있을 것이다.
제 1 도는 본 발명에 따른 방법을 실시하기 위해 설계된 설비의 제 1 부분의 기능적인 다이아그램,
제 2 도는 상기 설비의 제 2 부분의 기능적인 다이아그램,
제 3 도는 마찰 링과 섹터의 절취부를 도시하는 다이아그램,
제 4 도는 비교 실험 결과를 적요한 일련의 그래프,
4개의 섬유 매트(A, B, C, D)가 하기의 중량비에 따른 섬유의 조성으로 제조된다.
사용되는 섬유의 평균 길이는 다음과 같다.
-유리섬유 : 50mm;
- 면 섬유 : 18mm;
- 세라믹 섬유 : 12mm;
- PAN 섬유 : 42mm.
상기 섬유 또는 혼합기내에서 제조된 섬유의 혼합물은 공급 슈트(chute)(4)를 갖는 울형 카드(wool-type card)(3)용 공급장치(2)의 호퍼(1)(제 1 도)내에 도입된다.
분말 형태의 충전재(filler)는 카드(3)로부터의 배출구에서 뿌리는 장치(sprinkling device)(5)에 의해 형성된 카드 웨브상에 뿌려진다(예 C 및 D).
분말 형태의 충전재는 이하의 조성을 갖는다(조성은 상기 섬유의 중량비 조성을 나타냄).
카드 웨브는 래퍼(lapper)(6)에 의해 중첩되며, 이렇게 형성된 랩은 롤러를 갖는 예비 니들러(preliminary needler)(7)에 의한 예비 니들링 가공과 니들러(8)에 의한 니들링 가공으로 이루어진 두 단계의 니들링 가공 공정을 거친다.
이렇게 제조된 니들링 가공된 부직포 재료의 매트는 도시한 실시예에 있어서설비의 제 1 부분으로부터의 배출구에서 롤(9)상에 권취된다.
이 롤(9)은 설비의 제 2 부분내로 운반되며, 마찰재의 제조 공정정의 나머지 기간중에 풀린다(제 2 도 참조).
변형예로서(도시 안됨), 설비의 제 2 부분은 설비의 제 1 부분의 바로 다음에 설치되며, 상기 니들링 가공된 부직포 매트는 권취되지 않는다.
상기 니들링 가공된 매트는 절단 스테이션(10)내로 공급되고, 그곳에서 마찰재를 형성하는 제 3 도에 도시한 바와 같은 링(11) 또는 섹터(12) 또는 어떤 다른 형상체가 절단된다.
절단되지 않은 매트 부분은 후속의 재생을 위해서 권취 롤(13)로 지향된다.
절단되어 나온 형상체(11 또는 12)는 용액중의 또는 물내에 분산된 하나 또는 그 이상의 열경화성 수지를 저장하는 함침조(impregnating bath)(14)내로 운송된다.
이 합침조는 섬유 및 충전재에 대해서 이전에 지적한 비율과 일치하는 방식으로 이하의 중량비 단위의 조성물을 갖는다.
일반적으로, 하기 유형의 수지가 사용된다.
- 페놀 플라스틱 수지[레졸 또는 노볼락(novolak)];
- 아미노알데히드 수지(우레아 포름알데히드, 멜라민 포름알데히드 또는 그의 조합체);
- 에폭시(에폭사이드) 수지;
- 폴리이미드 수지.
함침의 종료시에 압착(squeezing)이 발생되는데, 먼저 함침조내[컨베이어(16)]에서 발생되고 그 다음에 함침조의 외부[롤러(17)]에서 발생된다.
변형예(도시 안함)로서, 절단되어 나온 형상체(11, 12)가 함침조내에서 합침된 후에 원심 탈수될 수도 있다.
그런 다음 절단되어 나온 형상체(11, 12)는 적외선 건조 터널(18)내로 도입된 후 포장된다.
변형예로서, 형상체의 절단 동작이 함침, 압착 및/또는 원심 탈수 및 건조후에 수행될 수도 있다.
후자의 경우에, 함침된 매트는 권취된 후 제 3 도에 도시한 바와 같은 절단 스테이션으로 반송될 수도 있다.
각각의 절단되어 나온 형상체, 링 또는 하나의 링을 형성하는 복수의 섹터는, 마찰재가 설치되는 장치에 따라, 편평하거나 또는 절두원추체 또는 어떤 다른 형상이거나 또는 홈이 형성되거나 기타의 다른 형장을 지닌 바닥을 갖는 몰드내에 배치된다.
몰드내에서, 링 또는 복수의 섹터상에 금속 지지체가 배치된다.
적절한 경우에, 상기 링 또는 링을 형성하는 상기 복수의 섹터 반대쪽의 금속 지지체상에 제 2 링이 배치된다.
몰드내에서, 금속 지지체가 상기 링 또는 링을 형성하는 상기 복수의 섹터상에 배치된다.
적절한 경우에, 상기 링 또는 링을 형성하는 상기 복수의 섹터 반대쪽의 금속 지지체상에 제 2 링 또는 링을 형성하는 복수의 섹터가 배치된다.
몰드가 폐쇄되고, 심은 몰드를 폐쇄하는 피스톤의 운동을 제어하고 제한하도록 배치된다.
몰드 내부를 압력하에서 가열하면, 상기 링은 금속 지지체에 부착되고 그리고 상기 제 2 링을 적용하는 경우에는 그것도 금속 지지체에 부착된다.
몰드가 개방되고 마찰재로 코팅된 장치가 냉각된다.
유익하게도, 피스톤의 운동을 제한하는 심의 크기는, 마찰재의 공극율을20%, 내지 70%로 하고 가열 온도를 130℃ 내지 220℃로 하도록 설정된다.
페이퍼 유형의 공지된 마찰재와의 비교 시험을 수행하기 위해서, 이하의 조성을 갖는 두가지의 마찰재(클러치 디스크) 시료를 제조한다.
- 셀룰로스 섬유 : 30중량%(길이: 2mm 내지 20mm);
- 페놀 수지: 31 중량%
- 규조류: 23 중량%
- 아라미드 섬유: 10 중량%(길이 6mm 내지 20mm)
- 석영: 5 중량%
- 황산 나트륨: 1 중량%
상기 예(A, B, C, D)의 조성물로부터 본 발명에 따라 제조된 1개의 클러치 마찰 디스크의 4 시리즈(series)와, 상기 조성물을 갖는 페이퍼 유형의 3개의 클러치 마찰 디스크의 2 시리즈에 대하여, 이후에 지시된 상황하에서 내구 시험을 실시하였다.
동일 실시예에 대응하는 동일 시리즈로부터의 3개의 디스크는 표준 SAE II(미국 표준)에 의해 규정된 유형의 시험기내에 배치된다.
이 시험은 114℃에 달한 유조(oil bath)내에서 수행된다. 또한, 오일은 매분당 2 내지 3 리터의 유량으로 순환된다.
이 시험은 3 시리즈의 사이클을 포함한다.
각 사이클은 그것이 종료될 때까지 3600rpm의 회전 속도로 미리 회전되는 원심체(centrifugal mass)에 제동을 거는 것으로 구성된다.
각 사이클 후에, 원심체는 전술한 속도로 다시 회전된다.
각 사이클의 시작 사이에, 30초의 시간 간격이 제공된다.
제 1 시리즈는 50 사이클을 포함하며, 디스크의 단위 면적당 파지 압력은 0.5 MPa 이고, 관성력은 0.213m2kg 이다.
제 2 시리즈는 2400 사이클을 포함하며, 디스크의 단위 면적당 파지 압력은 1.5MPa 이고, 관성력은 0.501m2kg 이다.
제 3 시리즈는 제 1 시리즈와 동일하다.
제 4 도의 그래프는 이전에 기술한 내구시험 사이클중 여섯가지 시료 각각의 동마찰계수(dynamic friction coefficient)의 변동을 나타낸다.
500 내지 800 사이클 사이에서 페이퍼 라이닝은 파괴되지만, 본 발명에 따른 마찰재는 2500 사이클(실험의 말기) 후에도 그대로 있는 것을 관찰하게 될 것이다.
더우기, 사이클중 본 발명에 따른 마찰재의 마찰 계수는 페이퍼형 재료의 마찰 계수에 매우 근접한 수준의 우수한 안정성을 나타낸다는 것을 주목하게 될 것이다.
다양한 실시예를 사용할 수 있다.
특히, 펄프 형태의 충전재 특히, 유리, 아라미드, 아크릴 및 페놀 섬유로 이루이진 펄프 그룹중에서 선택된 펄프 형태의 충전재가 매트내에 삽입될 수 있다.
더우기, 매트상에 충전재를 뿌리는 것 대신에, 또는 그것에 추가하여 액체 수지내에 충전재를 삽입할 수도 있다.
또한, 충전재는 매트용의 제 1 함침조를 구성하는 적절한 액체내에서 희석또는 분산될 수 있고 그 다음 수지의 첨가를 보장하도록 제 2 함침이 제공될 수 있다.
게다가, 분말 형태의 고체 수지를 사용할 수도 있다. 이 수지는 충전재와 동시에 매트상에 뿌려진다. 상기 매트는 그 후 60℃에서 2초 동안 정확한 두께로 압축되며, 이 변형예에 있어서는 니들링 가공이나 함침을 하지 않는다.
Claims (6)
- 액체 매체내에서 마찰을 이용하는 장치에 장착되도록 의도된 마찰재에 있어서,상기 마찰재는 열경화성 수지가 함침된 섬유의 매트로 구성되어 있고, 상기 섬유의 매트는 카딩 가공된 섬유의 매트이며, 상기 열경화성 수지는 수성 극성 용제를 포함하며, 상기 섬유는 적어도 12mm의 길이를 가지며, 상기 섬유의 평균 길이는 최대 120mm이며, 상기 섬유는 유리, 울, 면, 세라믹, 폴리아크릴로니트릴, 사전산화된(preoxidized) 폴리아크릴로니트릴 및 아라미드로 이루어진 섬유의 그룹으로부터 선택되고, 상기 매트내로 분말 형태의 충전재가 삽입되는 것을 특징으로 하는 마찰재.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 분말 형태의 충전재는, 구리, 암면, 탄소(코크스 또는 환원된 분말 탄소섬유), 흑연, 규소화 아연, 알루미늄, 황화 철, 고무 및 규조류 등의 원소 또는 화합물의 전부 또는 일부를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 마찰재.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서,상기 매트내로 펄프 형태의 충전재가 삽입되는 것을 특징으로 하는 마찰재.
- 제 3 항에 있어서,상기 펄프는 유리, 아라미드, 아크릴 및 페놀 섬유로 이루어진 펄프의 전부 또는 일부를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는마찰재.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 열경화성 수지는 레졸계인 것을 특징으로 하는 마찰재.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 열경화성 수지에 라텍스가 첨가되는 것을 특징으로 하는 마찰재.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR9403518A FR2717820B1 (fr) | 1994-03-25 | 1994-03-25 | Matériau de frottement destiné à équiper un dispositif mettant en Óoeuvre un frottement en milieu liquide, ainsi que le procédé de réalisation d'un tel matériau de frottement et du dispositif qui en est équipé . |
FR94/03518 | 1994-03-25 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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KR960702587A KR960702587A (ko) | 1996-04-27 |
KR100374523B1 true KR100374523B1 (ko) | 2003-07-18 |
Family
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KR1019950705273A KR100374523B1 (ko) | 1994-03-25 | 1995-03-16 | 액체매체내에서마찰을이용하는장치에장착되도록의도된마찰재 |
Country Status (9)
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US (2) | US5807518A (ko) |
EP (1) | EP0702761B1 (ko) |
JP (2) | JPH08511329A (ko) |
KR (1) | KR100374523B1 (ko) |
BR (1) | BR9505676A (ko) |
DE (1) | DE69528232T2 (ko) |
ES (1) | ES2182895T3 (ko) |
FR (1) | FR2717820B1 (ko) |
WO (1) | WO1995026473A1 (ko) |
Families Citing this family (31)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US5998307A (en) * | 1993-08-04 | 1999-12-07 | Borg-Warner Autotive, Inc. | Fibrous lining material comprising a primary layer having less fibrillated aramid fibers and synthetic graphite and a secondary layer comprising carbon particles |
US6130176A (en) * | 1993-08-04 | 2000-10-10 | Borg-Warner Inc. | Fibrous base material for a friction lining material comprising less fibrillated aramid fibers and carbon fibers |
US5856244A (en) * | 1993-08-04 | 1999-01-05 | Borg-Warner Automotive, Inc. | Carbon deposit friction lining material |
US5707905A (en) * | 1993-08-04 | 1998-01-13 | Borg-Warner Automotive, Inc. | Fibrous base material for a friction lining material comprising less fibrillated aramid fibers and synthetic graphite |
US6001750A (en) * | 1993-08-04 | 1999-12-14 | Borg-Warner Automotive, Inc. | Fibrous lining material comprising a primary layer having less fibrillated aramid fibers, carbon fibers, carbon particles and a secondary layer comprising carbon particles |
FR2717820B1 (fr) * | 1994-03-25 | 1996-05-15 | Valeo | Matériau de frottement destiné à équiper un dispositif mettant en Óoeuvre un frottement en milieu liquide, ainsi que le procédé de réalisation d'un tel matériau de frottement et du dispositif qui en est équipé . |
FR2735830B1 (fr) * | 1995-06-21 | 1997-07-18 | Valeo | Materiau de frottement destine a equiper un dispositif mettant en oeuvre un frottement a sec, ainsi que le procede de realisation d'un tel materiau de frottement et du dispositif qui en est equipe |
CA2184342A1 (en) * | 1995-09-28 | 1997-03-29 | Robert C. Lam | Fibrous lining material comprising a less fibrillated aramid and synthetic graphite |
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FR2929364B1 (fr) * | 2008-04-01 | 2010-06-04 | Valeo Materiaux De Friction Sa | Materiau de friction pour frottement en milieu liquide, dispositif et procede associes. |
US20120028526A1 (en) * | 2010-07-29 | 2012-02-02 | Eaton Corporation | Friction member and friction material thereof |
US8461064B2 (en) * | 2010-07-29 | 2013-06-11 | Eaton Corporation | Friction member and friction material thereof |
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- 1995-03-06 JP JP7524991A patent/JPH08511329A/ja active Pending
- 1995-03-06 EP EP95913206A patent/EP0702761B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-03-06 US US08/553,573 patent/US5807518A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-03-06 BR BR9505676A patent/BR9505676A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-03-06 DE DE69528232T patent/DE69528232T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-03-06 WO PCT/FR1995/000320 patent/WO1995026473A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1995-03-16 KR KR1019950705273A patent/KR100374523B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
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1998
- 1998-03-11 US US09/041,538 patent/US6835448B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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EP0451320A2 (en) * | 1990-03-26 | 1991-10-16 | Aisin Kako Kabushiki Kaisha | Process for producing matrix for friction material |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0702761A1 (fr) | 1996-03-27 |
DE69528232D1 (de) | 2002-10-24 |
US6835448B2 (en) | 2004-12-28 |
US20010004573A1 (en) | 2001-06-21 |
BR9505676A (pt) | 1996-04-09 |
JPH08511329A (ja) | 1996-11-26 |
JP2006046652A (ja) | 2006-02-16 |
WO1995026473A1 (fr) | 1995-10-05 |
DE69528232T2 (de) | 2003-08-07 |
EP0702761B1 (fr) | 2002-09-18 |
ES2182895T3 (es) | 2003-03-16 |
FR2717820B1 (fr) | 1996-05-15 |
KR960702587A (ko) | 1996-04-27 |
FR2717820A1 (fr) | 1995-09-29 |
US5807518A (en) | 1998-09-15 |
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