KR100203549B1 - 액정 파라미터의 온도 보정 - Google Patents

액정 파라미터의 온도 보정 Download PDF

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KR100203549B1
KR100203549B1 KR1019910700666A KR910700666A KR100203549B1 KR 100203549 B1 KR100203549 B1 KR 100203549B1 KR 1019910700666 A KR1019910700666 A KR 1019910700666A KR 910700666 A KR910700666 A KR 910700666A KR 100203549 B1 KR100203549 B1 KR 100203549B1
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부헥커 리하르트
퓐프쉴링 쥐르크
샤드트 마르틴
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샤트 마르틴, 부헥커 리하르트
롤릭 아게
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Abstract

높은 온도 의존도는 목적하는 효과를 저해하거나 달성 불가능하게 만들므로, 선택적 반사의 온도 의존도가 없거나 아주 적은 것만이 허용되는 짧은 피치의 콜레스테릭 액정 혼합물을 온도 보정시킨다. 이러한 액정 혼합물은 조건(1) 및 (2)를 만족시키는 키랄성 화합물 2개 이상으로 도핑시킨 네마틱 액정으로 구성된다.
(1) a(c1B1+ c2B2) = b(c1A1+ c2A2) 및
(2) 1/λ0(T) = a(c1A1+ c2A2) + aT(c1B1+ c2B2) + bT(c1A1+ c2A2)
상기식에서, λ0는 선택적인 반사 파장 밴드의 평균치이고, c1및 c2는 키랄성 도판트의 농도이며, A1및 B1은 수열의 계수이다.

Description

액정 파라미터의 온도 보정
짧은 나선형 피치(pitch)를 갖는 콜레스테릭 액정(Cholesteric liquid crystal)은 다양한 새로운 응용 분야, 예를 들어, 편광원(polarized light source)[참조: Belayev, s.V., et al. in Jpn.J.Appl.Phys. 29, No. 4, (1990), L634]으로서 또는 콜레스테릭 피복물의 색 변화를 통해 온도를 디스플레이하는데 점차적으로 사용되고 있다. 후자에 해당하는 응용이 나선형 피치의 높은 온도 의존도 및 이에 따른 콜레스테릭 액정의 선택적 반사색을 이용한다는 사실은 공지되어 있다. 이 콜레스테릭 액정은 콜레스테릭 피복물의 선택적 반사파를 이동시킴으로써 거의 0.1℃정도의 온도 변화까지도 디스플레이시킬 수 있다.
그러나, 높은 온도 의존도는 목적하는 효과의 달성을 불가능하게 하거나 저해하므로, 선택적 반사의 온도 의존도가 없거나 아주 적은 콜레스테릭 액정만이 허용되는 응용 분야가 있다.
키랄성 네마틱(Chiral nematic)혼합물의 경우, 혼합물을 우선회(dextrorotatory) 및 좌선회(laevorotatory)키랄성 첨가제로 도핑시켜 나선형 피치의 온도 의존도를 줄일 수 있음은 이미 공지된 바 있다[참조 : Gobl-Wunsch, A. et al. in Zeitchr. Naturforsch. 34a (1979) 594; Gerber, P. Phys. Lett. No. 3(1980). 285]. 긴 피치의 콜레스테릭 액정을 생성시키는 이들 공지된 방법은 네마틱 장(field) 효과의 전기 광학특성의 온도 의존도를 보정한다.
짧은 피치의 콜레스테릭 액정의 선택적 반사 밴드의 평균 값(λ0)의 온도 의존도를 보정하기 위한 유사한 방법의 사용은 지금까지 공지되어 있지 않은 도판트(dopant) 및 이의 사용방법을 이용할 수 있을 때에만 비로소 가능하다.
따라서, 본 발명의 목적은 짧은 나선형 피치를 갖고 본 방법에 적합한 혼합물 또는 키랄성 도판트를 포함하는 콜레스테릭 피복물의 선택적 반사에 대한 온도 보정 방법을 제공하는 것이다.
이러한 목적을 위해, 본 발명에 따라, 네마틱 액정을 하기 조건(1) 및 (2)를 만족시키는 키랄성 도판트 2개 이상과 혼합한다.
(1) a(c1B1+ c2B2) = b(c1A1+ c2A2) 및
(2) 1/λ0(T) = a(c1A1+ c2A2) + aT(c1B1+ c2B2) + bT(c1A1+ c2A2)
상기식에서, λ0는 선택적 반사 파장 밴드의 평균치이고, c1및c2는 키랄성 도판트의 농도이며, A1및 B1은 수열
중의 계수이다.
근사식(1)은 다음 같이 유도된다:
농도가 c1인 n개의 키랄성 첨가제로 도핑시킨 네마틱 혼합물의 비틀림력(1/p)의 온도 의존도는 다음과 같이 나타낼 수 있다.
상기식에서, 일차 항의 계수 B1은 실질적으로 비틀림력의 온도 의존도를 나타낸다.
네마틱 배열도 S(T)의 온도 의존도에 비례하는, 평균 굴절률 n(T)의 온도 의존도를 하기 식(5)에 부합시켜 고려하면, n개의 키랄성 첨가제로 도핑시킨 네마틱 액정으로 이루어진 평면 콜레스테릭 피복물의 평균 파장(λ0)의 온도 의존도에 관한 하기 식(6)이 수득된다.
상기식에서, △n은 광학적 이방성이고, η0는 액정의 정 굴절률이다.
2개의 키랄성 첨가제에 대해 이차 및 고차를 무시할 경우, 상기 방정식은 하기와 같이 축소된다:
이 경우에 2개의 키랄성 첨가제의 피치는 가시 영역에서 선택적 반사에 필요한 짧은 피치를 제공하는 첨가 효과를 가져야 하므로, 계수 A1및 A2는 동일한 부호를 가져야 하거나 하기 방정식(7)의 부호이어야 한다:
따라서, 2개 이상의 키랄성 첨가제가 하기 조건(1)을 충족시킬 경우에만, λ0에 대한 온도 보정이 가능함을 상기 방정식(2)로부터 알 수 있다:
n(T)의 온도 의존도가 무시될 수 있는 특정한 경우에, 이를 테면, 콜레스테릭-등방성 상 전이점보다 훨씬 낮은 온도(T 《Tc)에서 2개의 키랄성 첨가제의 일차온도 계수 B1이 반대 부호를 갖고 조건 c1B1= c2B2를 충족시켜야 함을 상기 방정식(1)로부터 알 수 있다. 또한, 나선형 피치의 온도 의존도가 작거나, n(T)가 바로 보정되도록 하는 특성을 갖는 키랄성 첨가제를 사용할 수도 있다. 따라서, 또한 λ0≠f(T)를 수득할 수 있다.
상기 선택적인 조건을 충족시킬 수 있는 혼합물의 두가지 예를 하기에 기술한다.
혼합물 1은 하기에서 상세하게 기술될 네마틱 액정 76.0중량%를 함유하며, 26개 이하의 성분으로 제조되고 하기 우선회 콜레스테릭 첨가제로 도핑된다.
디에틸(4S, 5S)-2-[트란스-4-(p-시아노페닐)사이클로헥실]-1,3-디옥솔란-4,5-디카복실레이트 5.0중량%,
(R)-1-메틸헵틸 p-[(2S,4R,5S)-5-데실-4-메틸-m-디옥산-2-일]벤조에이트 5.1중량%,
2,2'-p-페닐렌비스(2S,4R,5S)-4-메틸-5-옥틸-m-디옥산]
7.5중량% 및
(R)-α-메틸헵틸 4'-[2S,4R,5S)-4-메틸-5-옥틸-m-디옥산-2-일]-4-비페닐카복실레이트 6.4중량%,
네마틱 액정은 하기와 같은 화합물로 구성된다:
4'-에틸-4-비페닐카보니트릴 2.0중량%,
4'-프로필-4-비페닐카보니트릴 2.0중량%,
4'-펜틸-4-비페닐카보니트릴 7.0중량%,
p-[트란스-4-[(E)-1+플렌테닐]사이클로헥실]벤조니트릴 7.0중량%,
p-[트란스-[(E)-프로페닐]사이클로헥실]벤조니트릴 4.0중량%,
트란스-4-(3-부테닐)-트란스-4'-(p-플루오로페닐)[비사이클로헥실]
3.0중량%,
트란스-4-(p-플루오로페닐)-트란스-4'-[(E)-프로페닐][1.1'-비사이클로헥실] 3.0중량%,
4-펜틸p-테르페닐-4-카보니트릴 3.0중량%,
4'-[트란스-4-(3-부테닐)사이클로헥실]-4-비페닐카보니트릴
3.0중량%,
4'-[트란스-4-[(E)-(3-펜테닐)사이클로핵실]-4-비페닐카보니트릴
2.0중량%,
4'-[트란스-4-[(E)-프로페닐]사이클로헥실]-4-비페닐카보니트릴
2.0중량%,
1-[2-트란스-4-부틸사이클로헥실)에틸]-4-(트란스-4-펜틸사이클로헥실)벤젠 6.0중량%,
1-[2-(트란스-4-부틸사이클로헥실)에틸]-4-[트란스-4-(4-펜테닐)사이클로헥실]벤젠 4.0중량%,
4-[2-(트란스-4-부틸사이클로헥실)에틸]-4'-(트란스-4-펜틸-사이클로헥실)-1, 1'-에틸렌디벤젠 3.0중량%,
에틸 p-[2-(트란스-4-프로필사이클로헥실)에틸]페닐 에테르, 5.0중량%,
에틸 pp-[2-(트란스-4-펜틸사이클로헥실)에틸]페닐 에테르, 6.0중량%,
4-트란스-펜틸-4'-트란스-비닐[1,1'-비사이클로헥실] 5.0중량%,
메틸[4'-트란스-[(E)-프로페닐][1,1'-비사이클로헥실]-4-트란스-일]메틸 에테르 6.0중량%,
4'-(트란스-3-부테닐)사이클로헥실]-4-트란스-일에틸 에테르 4.0중량%,
트란스-4-메톡시-트란스-4'-[(E)-3-펜테닐][비사이클로헥실]
3.0중량%,
1-에톡시-4-[트란스-4-[(E)-3-펜테닐]사이클로헥실]벤젠
2.0중량%,
(E)-2-부테닐 p-(트란스-4-프로필사이클로헥실)페닐 에테르 3.0중량%,
(E)-2-부테닐 p-(트란스-4-펜틸사이클로헥실)페닐 에테르 4.0중량%,
1-에틸-4'-[트란스-4-[(E)-3-펜테닐]사이클로헥실]비페닐 3.0중량%,
1-[트란스-4-[(E)-3-펜테닐]사이클로헥실]-4'-프로필비페닐 4.0중량% 및
p-[트란스-4-(3-펜테닐)사이클로헥실]페닐 트란스-4-프로필-사이클로헥산카복실레이트 3.0중량%,
혼합물 Ⅱ는 하기에서 상세하게 기술된 네마틱 액정 75.1중량%를 함유하며 24개의 개개 성분으로 이루어지고 하기의 우선회 콜레스테릭 첨가제로 도핑된다;
16β-메틸-17-옥소안드로스트-5-엔-3β-일 아세테이트 3.9중량%,
비스[(S)-1-메틸헵틸]-p-테르페닐-4,4-디카복실레이트 7.3중량%,
디부틸(4R,5R)-2-[트란스-4-(p-시아노페닐)사이클로헥실]-1,3-디옥솔란-4,5-디카복실레이트 6.9중량% 및
디에틸(4R,5R)-2-[트란스-4-(p-시아노페닐)사이클로헥실]-1,3-디옥솔란-4,5-디카복실레이트 6.8중량%.
네마틱 액정은 하기 화합물로 구성되어 있다;
4'-에틸-4-비페닐카보니트릴 3.0중량%,
4'-프로필-4-비페닐카보니트릴 3.0중량%,
4'-펜틸-4-비페닐카보니트릴 5.0중량%,
p-[트란스-4-(3-부테닐)사이클로헥실]벤조니트릴 4.0중량%,
p-[트란스-4-[(E)-1+펜테닐]사이클로헥실]벤조니트릴 8.0중량%,
4-펜틸p-테르페닐-4-카보니트릴 3.0중량%,
4'-[트란스-4-(3-부테닐)사이클로헥실]-4-비페닐카보니트릴
3.0중량%,
4'-[트란스-4-[(E)-3-페테닐]사이클로헥실]-4-비페닐카보니트릴
2.0중량%,
1-[2-(트란스-4-부틸사이클로헥실)에틸]-4-(트란스-4-펜틸사이클로헥실)벤젠 8.0중량%,
5-(트란스-4-펜틸사이클로헥실)-2-[p-(트란스-4-프로필사이클로헥실)페닐 피리미딘 2.0중량%,
4-[[2-(트란스-4-부틸사이클로헥실)에틸]-4'-(트란스-4-펜틸사이클로헥실)-1,1'-에틸렌디벤젠 3.0중량%,
p-시아노페닐트란스-4-[2-(트란스-4-프로필사이클로헥실)에틸]사이클로헥산카복실레이트 3.0중량,
에틸 p-[2-(트란스-4-프로필사이클로헥실)에틸]페닐 에테르 7.0중량%,
에틸 p-[2-(트란스-4-펜틸사이클로헥실)에틸]페닐 에테르 10.0중량%,
4-트란스-펜틸-4'-트란스-비닐[1,1'-비사이클로헥실] 6.0중량%,
4'-트란스-(3-부테닐)[1,1'-비사이클로헥실]-4-트란스-일 에틸 에테르
5.0중량%,
4'-트란스-(4-페테닐)[1,1'-비사이클로헥실]-4-트란스-일에틸 에테르
3.0중량%,
트란스-4-메톡시-트란스-4'-[(E)-3-펜테닐][비사이클로헥실]
3.0중량%,
1-에톡시-4-[트란스-4-[(E)-3-페테닐]사이클로헥실]벤젠
2.0중량%,
(E)-2-부테닐 p-(트란스-4-프로필사이클로헥실)페닐 에테르 3.0중량%,
(E)-2-부테닐 p-(트란스-4-펜틸사이클로헥실)페닐 에테르 4.0중량%,
1-에틸-4'-[트란스-4-[(E)-3-펜테닐]사이클로헥실]비페닐 3.0중량%,
1-[트란스-4-[(E)-3-펜테닐]사이클로헥실]-4'-프로필비페닐 4.0중량%,
p-[트란스-4-(3-펜테닐)사이클로헥실]페닐트란스-4-프로필 사이클로헥산카복실레이트 3.0중량%,
상기한 두 혼합물 Ⅰ 및 Ⅱ의 물성 측정치는 하기 표 1에 나타내었다:
상기 표에 있어서, λ는 선택적 반사의 평균 파장이고, Δλ(여기서, FWHM은 최대의 선택적 반사량의 1/2에서의 전체 폭을 의미한다)은 선택적 반사의 밴드 폭이며; dλ/dT는 작동 온도범위에서의 λ의 온도 의존도이고; A는 콜레스테릭 혼합물을 이의 네마틱 호스트(host) 물질로 도핑시킴으로써 방정식 λ(c)=λ+ Ac에 따라 증가되는 λ(c)의 증가분을 나타내는 계수이며; Tc는 콜레스테릭-등방성 전이 온도이다.

Claims (3)

  1. 파라미터 Ai 및 Bi(여기서, Ai는 22℃에서의 비틀림력(1/p)이고 Bi는 비틀림력의 선형 온도 계수이다)를 갖는 키랄성 첨가제 2개 이상으로 도핑된 네마틱(nematic)액정 화합물을 포함하고, 파라미터 a 및 b(여기서, a는 22℃에서 굴절률의 역수이고 b는 굴절률의 역수(1/n)의 선형 온도 계수이다)를 가지며, 파라미터 a, b, Ai, 및 Bi가 혼합물의 작동 온도 범위 전반에 걸쳐 ｜dλ0/dT｜가 0.5nm/℃미만 이도록함을 특징으로하는, 선택적 반사의 중심 파장 λ0가 가시 파장 범위에 존재하도록 짧은 나선형 피치를 갖는 콜레스테릭(cholesteric)액정 조성물.
  2. 제1항에 있어서, 각각의 농도 c1및 c2를 갖고, 조건 a(c1B1+ c2B2) = b(c1A1+ c2A2)를 만족시키는 2개의 첨가제만이 존재하는 콜레스테릭 액정 조성물.
  3. 생성되는 조성물이 제1항 또는 제2항에 따르도록 액정을 2개 이상의 키랄성 첨가제로 도핑시킴을 특징으로하여, 콜레스테릭 액정의 파장-선택적 반사에 대한 온도·보정을 수행하는 방법.
KR1019910700666A 1989-11-01 1990-10-26 액정 파라미터의 온도 보정 KR100203549B1 (ko)

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HK17897A (en) 1997-02-13
SG50560A1 (en) 2000-10-24
EP0450025B1 (de) 1995-01-18
JP2831463B2 (ja) 1998-12-02
KR920701393A (ko) 1992-08-11
DE59008313D1 (de) 1995-03-02
EP0452438A1 (de) 1991-10-23
JPH04502486A (ja) 1992-05-07
WO1991006613A1 (de) 1991-05-16
KR920701862A (ko) 1992-08-12
JPH04502524A (ja) 1992-05-07
EP0450025A1 (de) 1991-10-09
US5319478A (en) 1994-06-07
JP2809877B2 (ja) 1998-10-15
WO1991006889A1 (de) 1991-05-16

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