KR0139612B1 - 테트라플루오로에탄냉매 냉동기용 윤활유 - Google Patents

테트라플루오로에탄냉매 냉동기용 윤활유

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Publication number
KR0139612B1
KR0139612B1 KR1019930002155A KR930002155A KR0139612B1 KR 0139612 B1 KR0139612 B1 KR 0139612B1 KR 1019930002155 A KR1019930002155 A KR 1019930002155A KR 930002155 A KR930002155 A KR 930002155A KR 0139612 B1 KR0139612 B1 KR 0139612B1
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
tetrafluoroethane
group
carbon atoms
refrigerant
lubricating oil
Prior art date
Application number
KR1019930002155A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
KR930018012A (ko
Inventor
타다시 카다후찌
아끼라 나까무라
Original Assignee
이데미쓰 쇼스께
이데미쓰 고산 가부시끼가이샤
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Application filed by 이데미쓰 쇼스께, 이데미쓰 고산 가부시끼가이샤 filed Critical 이데미쓰 쇼스께
Publication of KR930018012A publication Critical patent/KR930018012A/ko
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Publication of KR0139612B1 publication Critical patent/KR0139612B1/ko

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    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
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    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
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    • C10M107/30—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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Abstract

1,1,1,2-테트라플루오로에탄 또는 1,1,2,2-테트라플루오로에탄을 냉매로 한 냉동기용 윤활유에 있어서, (A) 폴리-α-올레핀 또는 폴리-α-올레핀과 알킬벤젠의 혼합물로 된 합성유 40-95중량% 및 (B) 폴리옥시알킬렌 글리콜화합물, 폴리실옥산화합물 및 폴리실옥산화합물의 불화물로된 군에서 선택된 적어도 1종의 화합물로된 유동성 개량제 5-60중량%로 된 기유를 주성분으로 하는 테트라플루오로에탄 냉매 냉동기용 윤활유가 개시되어 있다. 이 윤활유는 1,1,1,2-테트라플루오로에탄(R-134a) 등의 대체 프론화합물로된 냉매와 병용 가능하고, 내마모성, 전기절연성, 가수분해안정성, 비흡수성 등의 성능이 우수하고 특히 오일순환성이 우수하여 카에어콘, 룸에어콘, 냉장고 등에 사용할때 특히 효과적이며 그 공업적인 이용가치는 극히 높은 것이다.

Description

테트라플루오로에탄냉매 냉동기용 윤활유
본 발명은 테트라플루오로에탄 냉매 냉동기용 윤활유에 관하여, 상세하게는 1,1,1,2-테트라플루오로에탄(R-134a) 등의 대체 불화탄화수소(이하, 프론화합물이라 하는 경우도 있음)계 냉매와 함께 사용되는 냉동기용 윤활유로서, 내마모성, 전기절연성, 가수분해 안정성, 비흡수성 등의 성능이 우수함과 동시에, 특히 압축식 냉동사이클에서 오일의 순환성(냉동사이클에 들어간 윤활유가 압축기로 되돌아오는 성질)이 우수한 냉동기용 윤활유에 관한 것이다.
종래 압축기, 응축기, 팽창밸브 및 증발기로된 압축식냉동사이클에는, 냉매로서 디클로로플루오로메탄(R-12)나 클로로 디플루오로메탄(R-22) 등의 불화탄화수소계의 프론화합물이 알려져 있고, 또한 그들과 병용하여 문제가 없는 윤활제가 다수 제조되고 사용되어 왔다.
그러나, 종래에 냉매로 사용되어온 이들 프론화합물은, 대기중에 방출될때에 오존층을 파괴하여 환경오염 문제를 야기시킬 우려가 있어왔다.
근년에 이러한 환경오염 대책면에서 대체 가능한 1,1,1,2-테트라플루오로에탄(R-134a) 등의 불화탄화수소(또는 염화불화탄화수소)의 개발이 진행되어 이미 R-134a를 비롯하여 1,1,2,2-테트라플루오로에탄(R-134a) 등의 환경오염의 염려가 적고, 상기한 요구 특성을 만족할 수 있는 각종 대체 프론이 시장에 등장하고 있다.
이러한 새로운 대체 프론계 냉매는, 종래의 프론계 냉매와는 성질이 다르고, 그들과 병용되는 윤활유로서는 글리콜 화합물, 에스테르화합물 등이 제안(미국 특허 제4,755,316호 명세서, 일본국 특개평 3-33193호 공보 등)되어 있고, 이들은 대체 프론계의 냉매와 윤활유를 완전히 용해시키는 것을 목적으로 하고 이에 따라 오일순환성을 확보하고 있다.
그러나, 이러한 냉매와 윤활유를 완전히 용해시킨 상태로 냉동사이클을 순환시키는 방침을 관철하면, R-134a 등의 대체 프론계 냉매의 화학적 성질상, 사용 가능한 화합물들은 극히 한정되며, 윤활유로서의 성능을 희생시키지 않을 수 없다.
즉, 현재 R-134a와 용해하는 것으로 알려진 화합물인 폴리알킬렌글리콜 화합물 및 에스테르 화합물은, 모두 내마모성이 불충분하고 전기절연성도 결점이 있다.
또한, 전자는 흡수성이 크고 후자는 가수분해 안정성이 나쁜 결점을 갖는다.
따라서, 모두 실용성 문제점이 있다.
본 발명은 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 전기한 상식과는 전혀다른 발상에 기초하여 완성된 것이다.
즉, 압축식 냉동사이클에 있어서, 유재 자체로서는 내마모성, 절연저항성 등이 우수한 물질을 사용하고, 여기에 냉매(R-134a 등)의 존재하에 유제의 유동성을 개량할 유동성 개량제를 배합하여 오일순환성을 확보함으로서, 새로운 냉매냉동기유여도 우수한 내마모성, 전기절연성, 가수분해 안정성 등을 구비하고, 더구나 오일순환성도 확보한, 전체적인 요구성능을 만족하는 냉동기용 윤활유를 발견했다.
본 발명은 이러한 점에 기초하여 완성한 것이다.
따라서, 본 발명의 제1의 목적은, 내마모성, 절연저항성, 가수분해 안정성, 비흡수성 등이 우수할뿐 아니라 오일순환성도 우수한 테트라 플루오로 에탄 냉매 냉동기용 윤활유를 제공하는 것으로, 이 윤활유는 압축식 냉동사이클에 있어서 대체프론계 냉매와 무리없이 병용 가능하다.
본 발명의 제2의 목적은 카에어콘이나 룸에어콘, 냉장고 등에 사용할때 특히 효과적인 테트라플루오로에탄 냉매 냉동기용 윤활유를 제공하는 것으로 공업적 이용가치 매우높다.
즉, 본 발명은 1,1,1,2-테트라플루오로에탄 또는 1,1,2,2-테트라플루오로에탄을 냉매로 한 냉동기용 윤활유에 있어서, (A) 폴리-α-올레핀 또는 폴리-α-올레핀과 알킬벤젠의 혼합물로 된 합성유 40-95중량% 및 (B) 폴리옥시 알킬렌 글리콜 화합물, 폴리실옥산 화합물 및 폴리실옥산 화합물의 불화물로된 군에서 선택된 적어도 1종의 화합물로된 유동성 개량제 5-60중량%로된 기유를 주성분으로 하는 것을 특징으로 하는 테트라 플루오로에탄 냉매 냉동기용 윤활유를 제공하는 것이다.
본 발명의 윤활유는 각종 냉동기에 사용되나, 통상은 압축기, 응축기, 팽창밸브 및 증발기로된 압축식 냉동사이클에 있어서 매우 유용하게 사용된다.
본 발명의 윤활유는, 상술한 바와 같이(A),(B) 성분을 주성분으로 하는 것이나, 이 (A)성분을 구성하는 합성유는, 폴리-α-올레핀 또는 폴리-α-올레핀과 알킬벤젠의 혼합물이다.
여기서, 폴리-α-올레핀은 여러가지 것이 있으나, 통상은 탄소수 8-14의 α-올레핀의 중합체로서, 40℃에서의 동점도가 10-350cSt의 것이다.
그중, 바람직한 것으로서는 1-도데센, 1-데센 또는 1-옥텐의 중합체로서, 40℃에서의 동점도가 10-350cSt의 것을 들 수 있다.
이러한 폴리-α-올레핀으로된 합성유를 사용하면, 테트라플루오로에탄 냉매 존재하에서의 저온점도를 낮게 할 수 있고, 오일순환성을 한층 향상시킬 수 있다.
또한, 알킬벤젠에 대해선 각종의 것이 있으나, 통상 40℃에서의 동점도가 5-500cSt, 바람직하게는 10-350cSt의 것이다.
또한, 상기한 조건을 만족하는 것이면 소프트형 또는 하드형 알킬벤젠 모두 사용 가능하다.
본 발명에 있어서는, (A)성분인 합성유로서 알킬벤젠을 단독으로 사용하지 않고, 상기 폴리-α-올레핀과의 혼합물로 사용한다. 여기서 폴리-α-올레핀과 알킬벤젠과의 혼합비율은, 상황에 따라 적절히 선정하면 좋고 특별한 제한은 없으나, 바람직하게는 폴리-α-올레핀을 혼합물의 5중량% 이상, 보다 바람직하게는 5-90중량%, 특히 바람직하게는, 40℃에서의 동점도가 50cSt 이상인 고점도 폴리-α-올레핀을 사용하는 경우 5-50중량%의 범위로 선정하면 된다. 이와같이 폴리-α-올레핀과 알킬벤젠의 혼합물을 (A)성분인 합성유로 사용하면 폴리-α-올레핀과 (B)성분인 유동성 개량제와의 혼합 안정성을 향상시킬 수 있다.
특히, 유동성 개량제로서 폴리옥시 알킬렌글리콜 화합물을 사용한 경우에 그 효과가 현저하다.
한편, 유동성 개량제는 R-134a 등의 대체프론계의 냉매가 소량 존재할때 탄화수소 화합물의 저온시(증발기온도)에서의 유동성을 향상시킨 것으로, 냉동사이클에서의 오일순환성을 개선시키는 작용을 갖는 것이다. 그 유동성 개량제의 동점도에 대해서는 특별한 제한은 없으나, 통상은 40℃에서의 동점도가 2-100cSt의 것, 바람직하게는 3-50cSt의 것이다.
그 대표적인 예로서는, 폴리옥시알킬렌글리콜 화합물을 사용할 수 있다. 여기서, 폴리옥시알킬렌글리콜 화합물로서는, 각종의 것이 있고, 용도 등에 따라 적절히 선정하면 된다.
바람직한 것으로서는 일반식(Ⅰ)
R1-[(OR2)m-OR3]n……………………………(Ⅰ)
(식중, R1은 수소, 탄소수 1-10의 알킬기, 탄소수 2-10의 알케닐기, 탄소수 2-10의 알키닐기, 탄소수 6-10의 아릴기, 탄소수 7-10의 아랄킬기, 탄소수 2-10의 아실기 또는 결합부위 2-6을 갖는 지방족 탄화수소기를 나타내고, R2는 탄소수 2-6의 알킬렌기, R3은 수소, 탄소수 1-10의 알킬기, 탄소수 2-10의 알케닐기, 탄소수 2-10의 알키닐기, 탄소수 6-10의 아릴기, 탄소수 7-10의 아랄킬기 또는 탄소수 2-10의 아실기를 나타내며, n은 1-6의 정수를 나타내고, m은 m×n의 평균치가 2-40으로 되는 수이다)로 표시되는 폴리옥시알킬렌글리콜 화합물을 들 수 있다.
여기서, 탄소수 1-10의 알킬기는 곧은 사슬형, 분지사슬형, 고리형 모두 좋다. 이 알킬기의 구체적인 예로서는 메틸기, 에틸기, n-프로필기, 이소프로필기, 각종 부틸기, 각종 펜틸기, 각종 헥실기, 각종 헵틸기, 각종 옥틸기, 각종 노닐기, 각종 데실기, 시클로펜틸기, 시클로헥실기, 페닐기, 톨릴기, 크실릴기, 벤젠기, 펜에틸기 등을 들 수 있다. 이 알킬기의 탄소수가 10을 넘으면 유동성 개량효과가 저하한다. 바람직한 알킬기의 탄소수는 1-6이다.
또한, 아실기의 알킬기부분은 곧은사슬형, 분지사슬형, 고리형 모두 좋다. 이 아실기의 알킬기 부분의 구체적인 예로서는 메틸기, 에틸기, n-프로필기, 이소프로필기, 각종부틸기, 각종펜틸기, 각종헥실기, 각종헵틸기, 각종옥틸기, 각종노닐기, 시클로펜틸기, 시클로헥실기 등을 들 수 있다. 이 아실기의 탄소수가 10을 넘으면 유동성 개량효과가 저하한다. 바람직한 아실기의 탄소수는 2-6이다.
이 R1및 R3은 서로 같거나 달라도 좋다.
또한, n가 2 이상인 경우는 1분자중의 복수의 R3은 같거나 달라도 좋다.
R1이 결합부위 2-6개를 갖는 탄소수 1-10의 지방족 탄화수소기인 경우, 이 지방족 탄화수소기는 사슬형의 것 이어도 좋고 고리상의 것이어도 좋다.
결합부위 2개를 갖는 지방족 탄화수소기로서는 예를들면 에틸렌기, 프로필렌기, 부틸렌기, 펜틸렌기, 헥실렌기, 헵틸렌기, 옥틸렌기, 노닐렌기, 데실렌기, 시클로펜틸렌기, 시클로헥실렌기, 비닐기, 알릴기, 부테닐기, 에티닐기, 프로페닐기 등을 들 수 있다. 결합부위 3-6개를 갖는 지방족 탄화수소기로서는 예를들면 트리메틸롤프로판, 글리세린, 펜타에리쓰리톨, 디펜타에리스티톨, 소르비톨, 1,2,3-트리히드록시시클로헥산, 1,3,5-트리히드록시 시클로헥산 등의 다가 알코올에서 수산기를 제거한 잔기를 들 수 있다.
이 지방족 탄화수소기의 탄소수가 10을 넘으면 유동성 개량 효과가 저하한다. 바람직한 탄소수는 2-6이다.
전기한 일반식(Ⅰ)중의 R2는 탄소수 2-6의 알킬렌기이며, 반복단위인 옥시알킬렌기로서는 옥시에틸렌기, 옥시프로필렌기, 옥시부틸렌기, 옥시펜틸렌기, 옥시헥실렌기를 들 수 있다. 1분자중의 옥시알킬렌기는 동일하여도 좋고, 2종 이상의 옥시알킬렌기가 함유되어 있어도 좋으나, 1분자중에 적어도 탄소수 3 이상의 알킬렌기를 함유하는 것이 바람직하고, 특히 옥시알킬렌 단위중에 50몰% 이상의 탄소수 4 이상의 알킬렌기를 함유하는 것이 바람직하다.
전기한 일반식(Ⅰ)중의 n은 1-6의 정수이며, R1의 결합부위의 수에 따라 정해진다. 예를들면 R1이 수소, 알킬기, 알케닐기, 알키닐기, 아릴기나 아실기인 경우, n은 1이며, R1이 결합부위 2,3,4,5 및 6개를 갖는 지방족 탄화수소기인 경우 n은 각각 2,3,4,5 및 6으로 된다. 또한, m은 m×n의 평균치가 2-40으로되는 수이며, m×n의 평균치가 전기한 범위를 벗어나면 본 발명의 목적은 충분히 달성되지 않는다.
본 발명에서 사용하는 폴리옥시알킬렌글리콜 화합물을 상기한 외에, 예를들면 일반식(Ⅱ)
(식중, R4는 탄소수 1-10의 1가의 탄화수소기, R5-R9는 각각 수소 또는 탄소수 1-10의 1가의 탄화수소기를 나타낸다)로 표시되는 구성단위를 적어도 1개 이상 함유하는 폴리옥시알킬렌글리콜 화합물 등을 들 수도 있다.
또한, 상기 폴리옥시알킬렌글리콜 화합물로서는, 상기한 외에 글리시딜기를 갖는 것, 분자중에 카르보닐 결합을 갖는 것, 불소 치환 화합물 등 각종의 것이 사용 가능하다.
상기한 폴리옥시알킬렌글리콜 화합물중, 본 발명에서는 폴리옥시프로필렌글리콜 화합물, 폴리옥시 부틸렌글리콜 화합물, 폴리옥시펜틸렌, 글리콜 화합물, 폴리옥시헥실렌 글리콜 화합물이 혼합안정성 향상의 점에서 바람직하고, 특히 폴리옥시 부틸렌글리콜 화합물중에서 선택한 1종 이상의 화합물을 50% 이상 함유하는 것이 적당하다.
또한, 폴리옥시알킬렌 글리콜 화합물을 구성하는 옥시알킬렌 단위중, 옥시부틸렌 단위, 옥시펜틸렌 단위 및 옥시헥시렌 단위의 합계를 50 이상 함유케하는 폴리옥시알킬렌 글리콜 화합물도 적합하다.
한편, 본 발명에서는, 유동성 개량제로서 디메틸 폴리실옥산 등의 폴리옥산 화합물 및 그 불화물도 사용 가능하다. 또한, 이들 유동성 개량제는 2종 이상을 혼합하여 사용하여도 유효하다.
이들, (A) 합성유와 (B) 유동성 개량제의 혼합비율은, (A) 합성유 40-95중량%, (B) 유동성 개량제 5-60중량%이며, 바람직하게는 (A) 합성유 50-90중량%, (B) 유동성 개량제 10-50중량%이고, 특히 바람직하게는 (A) 합성유 60-90중량%, (B) 유동성 개량제 10-40중량%이다.
유동성 개량제가 5중량% 미만에서는 유동성이 개선되지 않고, 오일순환성이 불충분하게 되어 바람직스럽지 못하다.
또한, 유동성 개량제가 60중량%를 넘으면 내마모성 등이 저하하여 바람직하지 않다. 또한, 절연저항의 저하, 가수분해 안정성의 악화, 흡수성의 증대 등, 냉동기유에 요구되는 기본적인 성능의 저하를 가져오게 된다.
본 발명의 윤활유는 상기 (A) 합성유와 (B) 유동성 개량제로된 기유를 주성분으로 하는 것이나, 다시 필요에 따라 각종 첨가제를 배합할 수 있다. 첨가제로서는 인산에스테르, 아인산 에스테르 등의 내마모 첨가제를 비롯하여 산화방지제, 염소포집제, 금속불활성화제, 소포제, 청정분산제, 점도지수향상제, 방청제, 부식방지제 등을 들 수 있다.
이상과 같이, 본 발명의 테트라플루오로에탄 냉매 냉동기용 윤활유는 내마모성, 전기절연성, 가수분해 안정성, 비흡수성 등의 성능이 우수함과 동시에, 특히 오일순환성이 우수하며 압축식 냉동사이클에 있어서 대체프론계의 냉매와 함께 문제없이 사용할 수 있다.
따라서,본 발명의 테트라 플루오로에탄 냉매 냉동기용 윤활유는 카에어콘, 룸에어콘, 냉장고 등에 사용할 때 특히 효과적이며, 그 공업적인 이용가치는 극히 높은 것이다.
이하, 본 발명을 실시예 및 비교예에 기초하여 좀더 상세히 설명한다.
(실시예 1-6 및 비교예 1-3)
제1표에 나타낸 바와같은 합성유와 유동성 개량제를 배합하여 윤활유를 제조하여 하기의 시험을 했다. 결과를 제2표에 나타낸다.
또한, 모두 내마모 첨가제(인산에스테르)를 0.5중량% 배합하여 실시했다. 표들중의 표시 내용은 다음과 같다.
*1:1-데센의 중합체(40℃의 동점도 32cSt)
*2:소프트형 알킬벤젠(40℃의 동점도 38cSt)
*3:하드형 알킬벤젠(40℃의 동점도 32cSt)
*4:폴리옥시부틸렌 글리콜 디메틸에테르(40℃의 동점도 32cSt)
*5:폴리옥시프로필렌 글리콜 디메틸에테르(40℃의 동점도 28cSt)
*6:C7지방산과 펜타에리쓰리톨의 에스테르(40℃의 동점도 30cSt)
*7:C7지방산과 트리메틸롤 프로판의 에스테르(40℃의 동점도 14cSt)
성능 평가는 각 시험항목을 다음 시험방법으로 측정하여 행했다.
(1) 성능평가
구경 8mm의 내압유리관에 R-134a를 10% 혼합한 윤활유를 채취하고 3/16 인치의 강구를 넣어 밀봉했다.
-45℃로 유지한후 강구를 낙하시켜 강구가 관바닥 10Cm에서 5Cm에 달하는 시간(초)를 측정했다. 그 값을 상대치로 나타낸다.
(2) 내마모성
파렉스 내마모시험을 이하의 조건으로 행했다.
R-134a를 5ℓ/시간으로 불어넣고 하중 300lbs, 회전수 1,000rpm으로 60분간 마모시켰다.
또한, 블록, 핀의 재료는 ASTM D-3233의 규격재를 사용했다.
평가방법(마모량)
○:6.0mg미만
△:6.0mg 이상 15mg 미만
×:15mg 이상
(3) 전기절연성
JIS C-2101에 준하여 체적저항율(실온)을 측정했다.
(4) 가수분해 안정성
300cc의 내압용기에 윤활유 100g, R-134a, 10g, 물 5ml 및 동, 철촉매를 넣어 밀봉하여 100℃, 5일간 경과후의 전산가의 상승율을 측정했다.
평가방법
○:0.01mg KOH/g 미만
△:0.01-0.1mg KOH/g
×:0.1mg KOH/g 이상
(5) 흡수성
구경 30mm의 50cc의 유리용기에 시료 10g을 넣어 온도 25℃, 습도 85%의 항온합승조에 5일간 정치한 후의 수분을 측정했다.
평가방법
○:수분이 0.03% 이하
△:0.03-0.1
×:0.1% 이상

Claims (15)

1,1,1,2-테트라플루오로에탄 또는 1,1,2,2-테트라플루오로에탄을 냉매로 한 냉동기용 윤활유에 있어서, (A) 폴리-α-올레핀 또는 폴리-α-올레핀과 알킬벤젠의 혼합물로 된 합성유 40-95중량% 및 (B) 폴리옥시알킬렌글리콜화합물 및 폴리실옥산화합물로 된 군에서 선택된 1종류 이상의 화합물로 된 유동성 개량제 5-60중량%로 된 기유를 주성분으로 하는 것을 특징으로 하는 테트라플루오로에탄 냉매 냉동기용 윤활유.
제1항에 있어서, 폴리-α-올레핀이 탄소수 8∼14의 α-올레핀의 중합체이며 40℃에서의 동점도가 10∼350cSt인 테트라플루오로에탄 냉매 냉동기용 윤활유.
제2항에 있어서, α-올레핀의 중합체가 40℃에서의 동점도가 10∼350cSt인 1-도데센, 1-데센 또는 1-옥텐인 테트라플루오로에탄 냉매 냉동기용 윤활유.
제1항에 있어서, 알킬벤젠이 40℃에서의 동점도가 10∼350cSt인 소프트 알킬벤젠 또는 하드 알킬벤젠인 테트라플루오로에탄 냉매 냉동기용 윤활유.
제1항에 있어서,폴리-α-올레핀과 알킬벤젠의 혼합물의 폴리-α-올레핀 함량이 5∼90중량% 이상인 테트라플루오로에탄 냉매 냉동기용 윤활유.
제1항에 있어서, (B) 유동성 개량제의 40℃에서의 동점도가 3∼50cSt인 테트라 플루오로에탄 냉매 냉동기용 윤활유.
제1항에 있어서, 폴리옥시알킬렌 글리콜 화합물이 일반식(Ⅰ)
R1-[(OR2)m-OR3]n……………………………(Ⅰ)
(식중, R1은 수소, 탄소수 1-10의 알킬기, 탄소수 2-10의 알케닐기, 탄소수 2-10의 알키닐기, 탄소수 6-10의 아릴기, 탄소수 7-10의 아랄킬기, 탄소수 2-10의 아실기 또는 결합부위 2-6을 갖는 지방족 탄화수소기를 나타내고, R2는 탄소수 2-6의 알킬렌기, R3은 수소, 탄소수 1-10의 알킬기, 탄소수 2-10의 알케닐기, 탄소수 2-10의 알키닐기, 탄소수 6-10의 아릴기, 탄소수 7-10의 아랄킬기 또는 탄소수 2-10의 아실기를 나타내며, n은 1-6의 정수를 나타내고, n은 m×n의 평균치가 2-40으로 되는 수이다.)로 표시되는 화합물인 테트라플루오로에탄 냉매 냉동기용 윤활유.
제7항에 있어서, 폴리옥시알킬렌 글리콜화합물이 옥시알킬렌 단위중에 50몰% 이상의 탄소수 4 이상의 알킬렌기를 함유하는 테트라플루오로에탄 냉매 냉동기용 윤활유.
제1항에 있어서, 폴리옥시알킬렌 글리콜화합물이 일반식(Ⅱ)
(식중, R4는 탄소수 1-10의 1가의 탄화수소기, R5-R9는 각각 수소 또는 탄소수 1-10의 1가의 탄화수소기를 나타낸다.)로 표시되는 구성단위를 1개 이상 함유하는 테트라플루오로에탄 냉매 냉동기용 윤활유.
제7항에 있어서, 폴리옥시알킬렌 글리콜화합물이 폴리옥시프로필렌 글리콜, 폴리옥시부틸렌 글리콜, 폴리옥시펜틸렌 글리콜 또는 폴리옥시헥실렌 글리콜화합물인 테트라플루오로에탄 냉매 냉동기용 윤활유.
제1항에 있어서, (B)유동성 개량제가 폴리옥시부틸렌 글리콜, 폴리옥시펜틸렌 글리콜화합물 및 폴리옥시헥실렌 글리콜화합물로 된 군에서 선택된 1종 이상의 화합물을 50% 이상 함유하는 테트라플루오로에탄 냉매 냉동기유 윤활유.
제1항에 있어서, 폴리옥시알킬렌 글리콜화합물이 이 화합물을 구성하는 옥시알킬렌 단위중 옥시부틸렌단위, 옥시펜틸렌단위 및 옥시헥실렌단위의 합계를 50 이상 함유하는 테트라플루오로에탄 냉매 냉동기용 윤활유.
제1항에 있어서, (A) 합성유 60∼90중량%와 (B) 유동성 개량제 10∼40중량%로 된 기유를 주성분으로 하는 테트라플루오로에탄 냉매 냉동기용 윤활유.
1,1,1,2-테트라플루오로에탄 또는 1,1,2,2-테트라플루오로에탄을 냉매로 한 냉동기 윤활방법에 있어서, (A) 폴리-α-올레핀 또는 폴리-α-올레핀과 알킬벤젠의 혼합물로 된 합성유 40-95중량% 및 (B) 폴리옥시알킬렌 글리콜화합물 및 폴리실옥산 화합물로 된 군에서 선택된 1종류 이상의 화합물로 된 유동성 개량제 5∼60중량%로 된 기유를 주성분으로 하는 것을 특징으로 하는 테트라플루오로에탄 냉매 냉동기 윤활방법.
압축기, 1,1,1,2-테트라플루오로에탄 또는 1,1,2,2-테트라플루오로에탄으로 된 냉매 및 제1항 내지 제13항 중 어느 한 항의 기유를 주성분으로 하는 윤활유로 된 냉동장치.
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SG72627A1 (en) 2000-05-23
AU3207993A (en) 1993-08-19
EP0557796A1 (en) 1993-09-01
JPH05295384A (ja) 1993-11-09
EP0557796B1 (en) 1997-06-11
AU655345B2 (en) 1994-12-15
TW224133B (ko) 1994-05-21
KR930018012A (ko) 1993-09-21
DE69311396T2 (de) 1997-10-16
DE69311396D1 (de) 1997-07-17

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