JPWO2020116537A1 - がん処置用RNAi分子 - Google Patents
がん処置用RNAi分子 Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2020116537A1 JPWO2020116537A1 JP2020559989A JP2020559989A JPWO2020116537A1 JP WO2020116537 A1 JPWO2020116537 A1 JP WO2020116537A1 JP 2020559989 A JP2020559989 A JP 2020559989A JP 2020559989 A JP2020559989 A JP 2020559989A JP WO2020116537 A1 JPWO2020116537 A1 JP WO2020116537A1
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Abstract
【選択図】なし
Description
[1] 配列番号1のヌクレオチド配列をアンチセンス鎖に含む、がん処置用RNAi分子。
[2] 配列番号1のヌクレオチド配列をアンチセンス鎖に含むRNAi分子を含む、がん処置用組成物。
[3] 配列番号1のヌクレオチド配列が、アンチセンス鎖の5’から2〜8位に配置されている、[1]に記載のRNAi分子又は[2]に記載の組成物。
[4] BcL2ファミリーのタンパク質発現を抑制する、[1]若しくは[3]に記載のRNAi分子又は[2]若しくは[3]に記載の組成物。
[5] BcL2ファミリーが、BcL−XLである、[4]に記載のRNAi分子又は組成物。
[6] アンチセンス鎖が、配列番号14(ACUGACUCCAGCUGUAUCC)のヌクレオチド配列を含む、[1]、[3]〜[5]のいずれか一項に記載のRNAi分子又は[2]〜[5]のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
[7] がんがBcL−XLを発現している、[1]、[3]〜[6]のいずれか一項に記載のRNAi分子又は[2]〜[6]のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
[8] がんが、脳腫瘍、頭頚部がん、乳がん、肺がん、口腔がん、食道がん、胃がん、十二指腸がん、虫垂がん、大腸がん、直腸がん、肝がん、膵がん、胆嚢がん、胆管がん、肛門がん、腎がん、尿管がん、膀胱がん、前立腺がん、陰茎がん、精巣がん、子宮がん、子宮頸がん、卵巣がん、外陰がん、膣がん、皮膚がん、線維肉腫、悪性線維性組織球腫、脂肪肉腫、横紋筋肉腫、平滑筋肉腫、血管肉腫、カポジ肉腫、リンパ管肉腫、滑膜肉腫、軟骨肉腫、骨肉腫、骨髄腫、リンパ腫、白血病からなる群から選択される、[7]に記載のRNAi分子又は医薬組成物。
[9] 有効量の[1]、[3]〜[8]のいずれか一項に記載のRNAi分子、又は、[2]〜[8]のいずれか一項に記載の組成物を、それを必要とする対象に投与することを含む、がんの治療方法。
[10] がんの治療ための医薬の製造における、配列番号1のヌクレオチド配列を含むRNAi分子の使用。
(1)がん細胞の増殖を抑制することができる。
(2)がん細胞にアポトーシスを誘導することができる。
(3)本来標的とするBcL−xL以外に、少なくともBcL−2、Smad1、P21及びMRS2から選択される特定の遺伝子の発現を抑制する。
(4)BcL−xLを標的とする他のRNAi分子に比べ、がん細胞増殖抑制能が高い。
(5)BcL−xLを標的とする他のRNAi分子に比べ、がん細胞殺傷能が高い。
また、本明細書は、2018年12月5日に出願された本願優先権主張の基礎となる日本国特許出願(特願2018−228284号)の明細書および図面に記載の内容を包含する。
RNAi分子は、RNA干渉を引き起こすことが可能な任意の分子を指す。RNA干渉は、典型的には、二本鎖核酸分子が誘導する、標的RNAが配列特異的に分解される現象を指す。二本鎖核酸分子は細胞内に入ると、その長さに応じてダイサーにより切断された後、その一方の鎖(アンチセンス鎖又はガイド鎖と称する)がArgonaute(AGO)タンパク質を含むRNA誘導サイレンシング複合体(RISC)に取り込まれる。RISCは、標的RNAと相補的な配列を有するアンチセンス鎖(ガイド鎖)をガイド役に標的RNAを認識し、これを切断する。標的RNAがmRNAである場合は、mRNAがコードするタンパク質等が発現されなくなる(遺伝子サイレンシング)。
siNAにおけるアンチセンス鎖及びセンス鎖は、それぞれ独立して、長さが15〜49ヌクレオチド(例えば長さが15、16、17、18、19、20、21、22、23、24、25、26、27、28、29、30、31、32、33、34、35、36、37、38、39、40、41、42、43、44、45、46、47、48又は49ヌクレオチド)、17〜35ヌクレオチド、17〜30ヌクレオチド、15〜25ヌクレオチド、18〜25ヌクレオチド、18〜23ヌクレオチド、19〜21ヌクレオチド、25〜30ヌクレオチド、又は26〜28ヌクレオチドであってもよい。また、二重鎖領域は、長さが15〜49ヌクレオチド(例えば、長さが約15、16、17、18、19、20、21、22、23、24、25、26、27、28、29、30、31、32、33、34、35、36、37、38、39、40、41、42、43、44、45、46、47、48又は49ヌクレオチド)、15〜35ヌクレオチド、15〜30ヌクレオチド、約15〜25ヌクレオチド、17〜25ヌクレオチド、17〜23ヌクレオチド、17〜21ヌクレオチド、25〜30ヌクレオチド、又は25〜28ヌクレオチドであってもよい。
一部の態様において、siNAのセンス鎖は1以上のニックを含んでいてもよい。かかる態様において、センス鎖はニックにより分断されており、アンチセンス鎖がRISCに取り込まれると、センス鎖はニックの位置で分断された断片を形成する。
本開示において、ハロゲンは、フッ素、臭素、塩素、ヨウ素を含む。
一態様において、アンチセンス鎖に含まれるCUGACUC配列はRNAからなる。特定の態様において、アンチセンス鎖に含まれるCUGACUC配列は非修飾RNAからなる。
本開示のRNAi分子の送達に有用な手法やシステムは、例えば、Rettig and Behlke, Mol Ther. 2012;20(3):483-512、Kraft et al., J Pharm Sci. 2014;103(1):29-52、Hong and Nam, Theranostics. 2014;4(12):1211-32、Kaczmarek et al., Genome Med. 2017;9(1):60 などに記載されている。
本開示のRNAi分子及び医薬組成物はまた、BcL−XLの発現に起因する疾患、例えば、BcL−XLの発現に伴う細胞の異常増殖に起因する疾患などの処置のために使用することができる。細胞の異常増殖に起因する疾患としては、限定されずに、例えば、良性又は悪性腫瘍、リンパ増殖性疾患などを含む。
投与頻度は、用いる製剤又は組成物の性状や、上記のような対象の条件によって異なるが、例えば、1日多数回(すなわち1日2、3、4回又は5回以上)、1日1回、数日毎(すなわち2、3、4、5、6、7日毎など)、1週間に数回(例えば、1週間に2、3、4回など)、1週間毎、数週間毎(すなわち2、3、4週間毎など)であってもよい。
本開示の使用における「がん」、「アポトーシスの異常に起因する疾患」、「BcL−XLの発現に起因する疾患」、「処置」の各用語は、本開示のRNAi分子について上記した通りである。
BcL−xLを標的とするsiRNAとして、以下のものを使用して実験を行った。なお、配列中の大文字はRNA、小文字はDNAを示す。
化合物X(CUGACUC配列をアンチセンス鎖に含む)
センス鎖:5'-GGAUACAGCUGGAGUCAGUtt-3’(配列番号31)
アンチセンス鎖:5'-ACUGACUCCAGCUGUAUCCtt-3’(配列番号32)
化合物Y(CUGACUC配列をアンチセンス鎖に含まない)
センス鎖:5'-GGUAUUGGUGAGUCGGAUCtt-3’(配列番号33)
アンチセンス鎖:5'-GAUCCGACUCACCAAUACCtt-3’(配列番号34)
化合物Z(コントロール、Allstars negative control siRNA(QIAGEN社))
siRNAのトランスフェクションは、次の通りに行った。トランスフェクションの前日、HCT116細胞を0.1×105個/ウェルとなるように6ウェル組織培養プラスチックディッシュに播種した。250μLのOpti-MEM I Reduced Serum Medium(Invitrogen)中に各種siRNAを25pmol加え、穏やかに混合した。次に、Lipofectamine RNAiMAX(Invitrogen)を250μLのOpti-MEM I Reduced Serum Medium中に5μL希釈し、穏やかに混合した。希釈したsiRNAと希釈したLipofectamine RNAiMAXを合わせ、穏やかに混合した後、室温で15分間インキュベートした。この間、培地を2mLのOpti-MEM I Reduced Serum Mediumに交換した。15分間のインキュベーション後、siRNAとLipofectamine RNAiMAXとの複合体を細胞に加え、37℃、5%CO2を含む大気下でインキュベートした。5時間のインキュベーション後、3mLの10%FBS入りDMEM培地に交換した。トランスフェクション後1日目にRNAを回収し、逆転写してcDNAにした後、BcL−xLのmRNA量を7300 Real Time PCR System(Applied BioSystems)を用いて、定量PCR法にて定量した。図1の結果が示すように、化合物Xと化合物YはBcL−xLに対し同程度の発現抑制効果を示した。
大腸癌細胞株HCT116、乳癌細胞株MDA−MB−231、皮膚癌細胞株A375、大腸癌細胞株SW480を、HCT116はMcCOY’s 5A培地(Sigma-Aldrich社)、MDA−MB−231、A375、SW480はDMEM培地(Sigma-Aldrich社)(それぞれ、非働化処理したウシ胎仔血清(FBS)を10%、抗生物質として100U/mLのpenicillin、100μg/mLのstreptomycinを含む)で、37℃、5%CO2の条件下で培養を行った。
肺癌細胞株A549、膵臓癌細胞株SUIT−2、膵臓癌細胞株SW1990を、A549はDMEM培地(Sigma-Aldrich社)、SUIT−2はMEM培地(Sigma-Aldrich社)、SW1990はRPMI1640(Sigma-Aldrich社)(それぞれ、非働化処理したウシ胎仔血清(FBS)を10%、抗生物質として100U/mLのpenicillin、100μg/mLのstreptomycinを含む)で、37℃、5%CO2の条件下で培養を行った。
例1と同様にsiRNAをHCT116細胞に導入、インキュベートした後、RNAを回収し、逆転写してcDNAにした。得られたcDNAを用い、BCL2、SMAD1、P21、MRS2のmRNA量を7300 Real Time PCR System(Applied Bio Systems)により、定量PCR法にて定量した。図4の結果が示すように、化合物YはBCL2、SMAD1、P21、MRS2の発現を抑制しなかったのに対し、化合物Xは、これらすべての遺伝子の発現を抑制した。
細胞の播種密度を0.2×105個/ウェルとした以外は例1と同様にして、siRNAをHCT116細胞に導入、インキュベートした。トランスフェクション後3日目に細胞抽出液を調製し、アポトーシスシグナルである活性化カスパーゼ−3並びに活性化PARPの発現変化をウエスタンブロットにより解析した。
ウエスタンブロットは次のように行った。細胞は氷冷PBSで洗浄後、TNE lysis buffer(1%NP−40、50mM Tris−HCl、150mM NaCl、1mM EDTA、complete Mini EDTA-free(Roche社)、PhosSTOP(Roche社)、pH7.5)を加え、氷冷で30分間インキュベートすることで可溶化した。その後、15000rpm、4℃の条件で15分間遠心し、上清を細胞抽出液とした。得られた細胞抽出液は、Micro BCA Protein Assay Kit(Thermo Scientific)を用いてタンパク質の定量を行い、10μgの細胞抽出液にRed Loading Buffer Pack(New England Biolabs社)を加えて熱処理(100℃、5分間)することで変性させ、SuperSepTM Ace(Wako社)を用いたSDS−PAGEにより、タンパク質を分離した。分離後、セミドライ式ブロッティング装置(Bio-Rad社)を用いて、PVDF transfer membrane(Immobilon-P:Millipore)に転写した。メンブレンは5%スキムミルク/0.05%Tween 20添加PBS(以下PBS−Tと略す)で、室温にて1時間でインキュベートしてブロッキングを行った。続いて、PBS−Tで希釈した各種一次抗体(Bcl-xL (54H6) Rabbit mAb #2764(CST社)、PARP Antibody #9542(CST社)、Cleaved Caspase-3 (Asp175) (5A1E) Rabbit mAb #9664(CST社)、Anti-GAPDH antibody [6C5](abcam社))で16時間、4℃でインキュベートした。PBS−Tで洗浄後、対応するHRP結合抗マウス若しくはウサギIgG(CST社)とともに室温で60分間インキュベートした後、PBS−Tで洗浄し、SuperSignalTMWest Femto Maximum Sensitivity Substrate(Thermo Scientific)と反応させた後、chemidoc(Bio-Rad社)を用いて化学発光を検出した。各操作間の洗浄には、PBS−Tによる5分間の振盪を3回行った。図5の結果が示す通り、化合物Xにより、アポトーシスシグナルである活性化カスパーゼ−3並びに活性化PARPが観察され、アポトーシスが誘導されたことが示された。一方、化合物Yでは活性化カスパーゼ−3は観察されず、活性化PARPもわずかしか観察されなかった。
BALB/c nu/nuマウス(6〜8週齢、メス、n=4、日本クレア社より購入)に、大腸癌細胞系HCT116細胞1.0×105個を皮下接種し、担癌マウスとした。接種後14日目から、化合物X又は化合物Zをマウスの体重1gあたり1mgの用量で週2回腫瘍内投与し、腫瘍の体積をノギスで測定した。なお、各化合物の送達にはLipoTrustTM EX Oligo <in vivo>(北海道システム・サイエンス社)を使用した。また、接種後35日目にマウスを安楽死させ、腫瘍重量を測定した。腫瘍体積の推移を図6に、腫瘍重量の比較を図7にそれぞれ示す。両図より、化合物Xがin vivoでも腫瘍の増殖を顕著に抑制することが分かる。
Claims (9)
- 配列番号1のヌクレオチド配列をアンチセンス鎖に含む、がん処置用RNAi分子。
- 配列番号1のヌクレオチド配列をアンチセンス鎖に含むRNAi分子を含む、がん処置用組成物。
- 配列番号1のヌクレオチド配列が、アンチセンス鎖の5’から2〜8位に配置されている、請求項1に記載のRNAi分子又は請求項2に記載の組成物。
- BcL2ファミリーのタンパク質発現を抑制する、請求項1又は3に記載のRNAi分子又は請求項2若しくは3に記載の組成物。
- BcL2ファミリーが、BcL−XLである、請求項4に記載のRNAi分子又は組成物。
- アンチセンス鎖が、配列番号14のヌクレオチド配列を含む、請求項1、3〜5のいずれか一項に記載のRNAi分子又は請求項2〜5のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- がんがBcL−XLを発現している、請求項1、3〜6のいずれか一項に記載のRNAi分子又は請求項2〜6のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- がんが、脳腫瘍、頭頚部がん、乳がん、肺がん、口腔がん、食道がん、胃がん、十二指腸がん、虫垂がん、大腸がん、直腸がん、肝がん、膵がん、胆嚢がん、胆管がん、肛門がん、腎がん、尿管がん、膀胱がん、前立腺がん、陰茎がん、精巣がん、子宮がん、子宮頸がん、卵巣がん、外陰がん、膣がん、皮膚がん、線維肉腫、悪性線維性組織球腫、脂肪肉腫、横紋筋肉腫、平滑筋肉腫、血管肉腫、カポジ肉腫、リンパ管肉腫、滑膜肉腫、軟骨肉腫、骨肉腫、骨髄腫、リンパ腫、白血病からなる群から選択される、請求項7に記載のRNAi分子又は医薬組成物。
- 有効量の請求項1、3〜8のいずれか一項に記載のRNAi分子、又は、請求項2〜8のいずれか一項に記載の組成物を、それを必要とする対象に投与することを含む、がんの治療方法。
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RU2015149680A (ru) * | 2013-04-21 | 2017-05-24 | Йеда Ресеарч Энд Девелопмент Ко. Лтд. | Агенты для подавления активности и/или снижения количества bcl-xl и/или bcl-w |
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WO2004083240A2 (en) * | 2003-03-18 | 2004-09-30 | Jo Milner | Regulation of gene expression |
US20060166920A1 (en) * | 2005-12-27 | 2006-07-27 | Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Oligonucleotide based therapeutics |
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WO2011046983A2 (en) * | 2009-10-12 | 2011-04-21 | Smith Holdings, Llc | Methods and compositions for modulating gene expression using oligonucleotide based drugs administered in vivo or in vitro |
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JP2018513668A (ja) * | 2014-12-26 | 2018-05-31 | 日東電工株式会社 | P21遺伝子調節のためのrna剤 |
WO2018033128A1 (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2018-02-22 | Guangzhou Virotech Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Use of bcl-xl inhibitor and oncolytic virus in preparation of antitumor drug |
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