JPWO2020053996A1 - 基板処理装置、基板保持部、半導体装置の製造方法およびプログラム - Google Patents
基板処理装置、基板保持部、半導体装置の製造方法およびプログラム Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2020053996A1 JPWO2020053996A1 JP2020546605A JP2020546605A JPWO2020053996A1 JP WO2020053996 A1 JPWO2020053996 A1 JP WO2020053996A1 JP 2020546605 A JP2020546605 A JP 2020546605A JP 2020546605 A JP2020546605 A JP 2020546605A JP WO2020053996 A1 JPWO2020053996 A1 JP WO2020053996A1
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- reaction tube
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- inert gas
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Classifications
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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- C23C16/458—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for supporting substrates in the reaction chamber
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- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
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- C23C16/34—Nitrides
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23C16/4408—Means for minimising impurities, e.g. dust, moisture or residual gas, in the reaction chamber by purging residual gases from the reaction chamber or gas lines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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- C23C16/4401—Means for minimising impurities, e.g. dust, moisture or residual gas, in the reaction chamber
- C23C16/4409—Means for minimising impurities, e.g. dust, moisture or residual gas, in the reaction chamber characterised by sealing means
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/4412—Details relating to the exhausts, e.g. pumps, filters, scrubbers, particle traps
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Abstract
Description
以下、本発明の一実施形態について図1から図8を参照しながら説明する。
図1に示すように、処理炉202は基板を垂直方向多段に収容することが可能な、いわゆる縦型炉であり、加熱装置(加熱機構)としてのヒータ207を有する。ヒータ207は円筒形状であり、保持板としてのヒータベース(図示せず)に支持されることにより垂直に据え付けられている。ヒータ207は、後述するようにガスを熱で活性化(励起)させる活性化機構(励起部)としても機能する。
ヒータ207の内側には、ヒータ207と同心円状に反応管203が配設されている。反応管203は、例えば石英(SiO2)または炭化シリコン(SiC)や窒化シリコン(SiN)等の耐熱性材料により構成され、上端が閉塞し下端が開口した円筒形状に形成されている。反応管203の下方には、反応管203と同心円状に、マニホールド(インレットフランジ)209が配設されている。マニホールド209は、例えばステンレス(SUS)等の金属により構成され、上端および下端が開口した円筒形状に形成されている。マニホールド209の上端部は、反応管203の下端部に係合しており、反応管203を支持するように構成されている。マニホールド209と反応管203との間には、シール部材としてのOリング220aが設けられている。マニホールド209がヒータベースに支持されることにより、反応管203は垂直に据え付けられた状態となる。主に、反応管203とマニホールド209とにより処理容器(反応容器)が構成されている。処理容器の内側である筒中空部には処理室201が形成されている。処理室201は、複数枚の基板としてのウエハ200を収容可能に構成されている。なお、処理容器は上記の構成に限らず、反応管203のみを処理容器と称する場合もある。
(ガス供給部)
処理室201内には、ノズル249a,249bが、マニホールド209の側壁を貫通するように設けられている。ノズル249a,249bには、ガス供給管232a,232bが、それぞれ接続されている。このように、反応管203には2本のノズル249a,249bと、2本のガス供給管232a,232bとが設けられており、処理室201内へ複数種類のガスを供給することが可能となっている。
バッファ室237内には、図2及び図3に示すように、導電体であって、細長い構造を有する3本の棒状電極269,270,271が、反応管203の下部より上部にわたりウエハ200の積層方向に沿って配設されている。棒状電極269,270,271のそれぞれは、ノズル249bと平行に設けられている。棒状電極269,270,271のそれぞれは、上部より下部にわたって電極保護管275により覆われることで保護されている。棒状電極269,270,271のうち両端に配置される棒状電極269,271は、整合器272を介して高周波電源273に接続され、棒状電極270は、基準電位であるアースに接続され、接地されている。すなわち、高周波電源273に接続される棒状電極と、接地される棒状電極と、が交互に配置され、高周波電源273に接続された棒状電極269,271の間に配置された棒状電極270は、接地された棒状電極として、棒状電極269,271に対して共通して用いられている。換言すると、接地された棒状電極270は、隣り合う高周波電源273に接続された棒状電極269,271に挟まれるように配置され、棒状電極269と棒状電極270、同じく、棒状電極271と棒状電極270がそれぞれ対となるように構成されてプラズマを生成する。つまり、接地された棒状電極270は、棒状電極270に隣り合う2本の高周波電源273に接続された棒状電極269,271に対して共通して用いられている。そして、高周波電源273から棒状電極269,271に高周波(RF)電力を印加することで、棒状電極269,270間のプラズマ生成領域224a、棒状電極270,271間のプラズマ生成領域224bにプラズマが生成される。主に、棒状電極269,270,271、電極保護管275によりプラズマ源としてのプラズマ生成部(プラズマ生成装置)が構成される。整合器272、高周波電源273をプラズマ源に含めて考えてもよい。プラズマ源は、後述するように、ガスをプラズマ励起、すなわち、プラズマ状態に励起(活性化)させるプラズマ励起部(活性化機構)として機能する。
反応管203には、処理室201内の雰囲気を排気する排気管231が設けられている。排気管231には、処理室201内の圧力を検出する圧力検出器(圧力検出部)としての圧力センサ245および排気調整器(圧力調整部)としてのAPC(Auto Pressure Controller)バルブ244を介して、真空排気装置としての真空ポンプ246が接続されている。APCバルブ244は、真空ポンプ246を作動させた状態で弁を開閉することで、処理室201内の真空排気および真空排気停止を行うことができ、更に、真空ポンプ246を作動させた状態で、圧力センサ245により検出された圧力情報に基づいて弁開度を調節することで、処理室201内の圧力を調整することができるように構成されているバルブである。主に、排気管231、APCバルブ244、圧力センサ245により、排気系が構成される。真空ポンプ246を排気系に含めて考えてもよい。排気管231は、反応管203に設ける場合に限らず、ノズル249a,249bと同様にマニホールド209に設けてもよい。
図1に示すように基板保持部としてのボート217は、複数枚、例えば25〜200枚のウエハ200を、水平姿勢で、かつ、互いに中心を揃えた状態で垂直方向に整列させて多段に支持するように、すなわち、所定の間隔を空けて配列させるように構成されている。ボート217は、例えば石英やSiC等の耐熱性材料により構成される。ボート217の下部には、例えば石英やSiC等の耐熱性材料により構成される断熱板218が多段に支持されている。
次に制御装置について図4を用いて説明する。図4に示すように、制御部(制御装置)であるコントローラ121は、CPU(Central Processing Unit)121a、RAM(Random Access Memory)121b、記憶装置121c、I/Oポート121dを備えたコンピュータとして構成されている。RAM121b、記憶装置121c、I/Oポート121dは、内部バス121eを介して、CPU121aとデータ交換可能なように構成されている。コントローラ121には、例えばタッチパネル等として構成された入出力装置122が接続されている。
基板処理装置100を使用して、半導体装置の製造方法の一工程として、ウエハ200上に薄膜を形成する工程について、図5及び図6を参照しながら説明する。以下の説明において、基板処理装置を構成する各部の動作はコントローラ121により制御される。
本明細書において「ウエハ」という言葉を用いた場合は、ウエハそのものを意味する場合や、ウエハとその表面に形成された所定の層や膜との積層体を意味する場合がある。本明細書において「ウエハの表面」という言葉を用いた場合は、ウエハそのものの表面を意味する場合や、ウエハ上に形成された所定の層等の表面を意味する場合がある。本明細書において「ウエハ上に所定の層を形成する」と記載した場合は、ウエハそのものの表面上に所定の層を直接形成することを意味する場合や、ウエハ上に形成されている層等の上に所定の層を形成することを意味する場合がある。本明細書において「基板」という言葉を用いた場合も、「ウエハ」という言葉を用いた場合と同義である。
複数枚のウエハ200がボート217に装填(ウエハチャージ)されると、シャッタ開閉機構115sによりシャッタ219sが移動させられて、マニホールド209の下端開口が開放される(シャッタオープン)。その後、図1に示すように、複数枚のウエハ200を支持したボート217は、ボートエレベータ115によって持ち上げられて処理室201内に搬入(ボートロード)される。この状態で、シールキャップ219はOリング220bを介してマニホールド209の下端をシールした状態となる。
処理室201の内部、すなわち、ウエハ200が存在する空間が所望の圧力(真空度)となるように、真空ポンプ246によって真空排気(減圧排気)される。この際、処理室201内の圧力は圧力センサ245で測定され、この測定された圧力情報に基づきAPCバルブ244がフィードバック制御される(圧力調整)。真空ポンプ246は、少なくとも後述する成膜ステップが終了するまでの間は常時作動させた状態を維持する。
ステップS4では、処理室201内のウエハ200に対してDCSガスを供給する。
成膜処理が終了した後、処理室201内のウエハ200に対して反応ガスとしてのプラズマ励起させたNH3ガスを供給する(S6)。
上述したS4,S5,S6,S7をこの順番に沿って非同時に、すなわち、同期させることなく行うことを1サイクルとし、このサイクルを所定回数(n回)、すなわち、1回以上行う(S7)ことにより、ウエハ200上に、所定組成および所定膜厚のSiN膜を形成することができる。上述のサイクルは、複数回繰り返すことが好ましい。すなわち、1サイクルあたりに形成されるSiN層の厚さを所望の膜厚よりも小さくし、SiN層を積層することで形成されるSiN膜の膜厚が所望の膜厚になるまで、上述のサイクルを複数回繰り返すことが好ましい。
上述の成膜処理が完了したら、ガス供給管232c,232dのそれぞれから不活性ガスとしてのN2ガスを処理室201内へ供給し、排気管231から排気する。これにより、処理室201内が不活性ガスでパージされ、処理室201内に残留するガス等が処理室201内から除去される(不活性ガスパージ)。その後、処理室201内の雰囲気が不活性ガスに置換され(不活性ガス置換)、処理室201内の圧力が常圧に復帰される(S9)。
その後、ボートエレベータ115によりシールキャップ219が下降されて、マニホールド209の下端が開口されるとともに、処理済のウエハ200が、ボート217に支持された状態でマニホールド209の下端から反応管203の外部に搬出(ボートアンロード)される(S10)。ボートアンロードの後は、シャッタ219sが移動させられ、マニホールド209の下端開口がOリング220cを介してシャッタ219sによりシールされる(シャッタクローズ)。処理済のウエハ200は、反応管203の外部に搬出された後、ボート217より取り出されることとなる(ウエハディスチャージ)。
ここで、成膜処理として、S1からS11を所定回数実施したか判断し、所定回数に達していなかった場合には、S1からS11を繰り返し実施する。また、成膜処理が所定回数に達していた場合には、後述する反応管内壁パージステップ(パージガス(不活性ガス))供給ステップ:S15)へ移行する。なお、所定回数としては、例えば、所定回数の成膜処理を20回、すなわち20バッチ実施した場合に、反応管203の内壁をパージする処理を実施する。なお、所定回数は、反応管203の内壁に堆積する副生成物の厚さにより適宜決められる。
シャッタ219sが移動させられて、マニホールド209の下端開口が開放される(シャッタオープン)。ウエハ200が装填されていない空の状態のボート217が、ボートエレベータ115により持ち上げられて、処理室201内に搬入(ボートロード:S12)される。この状態で、シールキャップ219はOリング220bを介してマニホールド209の下端をシールした状態となる。
その後、処理室201の内部、すなわち、ウエハ200が存在する空間が所望の圧力(真空度)となるように、真空ポンプ246によって真空排気(減圧排気)される。この際、処理室201内の圧力は圧力センサ245で測定され、この測定された圧力情報に基づきAPCバルブ244がフィードバック制御される。真空ポンプ246は、少なくとも後述する反応管内壁パージステップ(パージガス供給ステップ:S15)が終了するまでの間は常時作動させた状態を維持する。
回転機能267によるボート217の回転が所定の速度となると、ボート217の中空部35に対して、所望の供給流量でパージガス(不活性ガス)としてN2ガスの供給が開始され、ボート217の支柱32aに形成されているガス供給口36から反応管203の内壁に対してN2ガスが所定の流量で噴出される。また、回転軸255のガス供給口37から反応管203の下方に配設されているマニホールド(インレットフランジ/インレットアダプタ)209,209aに対してN2ガスが所定の流量で噴出される。
反応管203の内壁のパージ処理が完了したら、処理室201内の圧力が常圧に復帰される。
その後、ボートエレベータ115によりシールキャップ219が下降されて、マニホールド209の下端が開口されるとともに、ボート217がマニホールド209の下端から反応管203の外部に搬出(ボートアンロード)される。
(a)ボート201の少なくとも1本の支柱32aに、中空部35と、反応管203の内壁に向けてパージガスを供給する複数のガス供給口36とが設けられる。これにより、反応管203の内壁において、異物(副生成物)が付着ないし残留しやすい領域203a、203bに対してパージガスを供給することが可能になり、反応管203の内壁の領域203a、203bに付着ないし残留した異物を効果的に除去することができる。
Claims (13)
- 基板を保持する基板保持部と、
前記基板保持部を収容し、前記基板を処理する反応管と、
前記反応管内に処理ガスを供給する処理ガス供給系と、
前記反応管内の雰囲気を排気する排気系と、を有し、
前記基板保持部は、前記基板を保持する複数の支柱と、少なくとも1つの前記支柱に、不活性ガスを供給する中空部と、前記反応管の内壁に対して前記不活性ガスを供給するガス供給口と、を有する基板処理装置。 - 前記基板保持部を回転させる回転機構を備えた請求項1に記載の基板処理装置。
- 前記回転機構は、前記基板保持部を回転させる回転軸と、前記基板保持部を保持する回転台とを有し、前記回転軸と前記回転台には、前記中空部に前記不活性ガスを供給するガス供給管が設けられる請求項2に記載の基板処理装置。
- 前記回転軸には、前記回転軸の中心に前記ガス供給管が設けられる請求項3に記載の基板処理装置。
- 前記ガス供給口は、前記支柱に、前記反応管の内壁に向くように開口され前記反応管の下部から上部にわたって複数設けられる請求項1から請求項4のうち、いずれか1項に記載の基板処理装置。
- 基板を保持した基板保持部を反応管に搬入する搬入工程と、
前記反応管内に処理ガスを供給する処理ガス供給工程と、
前記基板保持部を前記反応管から搬出する搬出工程と、
前記基板保持部の支柱から前記反応管の内壁に対して不活性ガスを供給する不活性ガス供給工程と、
を有する半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記不活性ガス供給工程では、前記基板保持部を回転させながら、前記反応管の内壁に対して前記不活性ガスを供給する請求項6に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記不活性ガス供給工程では、前記基板保持部を回転させる回転軸の中心に設けられるガス供給管を介して前記反応管の内壁に対してパージガスを供給する請求項7に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記不活性ガス供給工程は、前記搬入工程と前記処理ガス供給工程と前記搬出工程とを所定回数実施した後に行われる請求項6から請求項8のうち、いずれか1項に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 基板を保持した基板保持部を基板処理装置の反応管に搬入する搬入手順と、
前記反応管内に処理ガスを供給する処理ガス供給手順と、
前記基板保持部を前記反応管から搬出する搬出手順と、
前記基板保持部の支柱から前記反応管の内壁に対して不活性ガスを供給する不活性ガス供給手順と、
をコンピュータを用いて前記基板処理装置に実行させるプログラム。 - 前記不活性ガス供給手順では、前記基板保持部を回転させながら、前記反応管の内壁に対して前記不活性ガスを供給する請求項10に記載のプログラム。
- 前記不活性ガス供給手順では、前記基板保持部を回転させる回転軸の中心に設けられるガス供給管を介して前記反応管の内壁に対して前記不活性ガスを供給する請求項11に記載のプログラム。
- 前記不活性ガス供給手順は、前記搬入手順と前記処理ガス供給手順と前記搬出手順とを所定回数実施した後に行われる請求項10から請求項12のうち、いずれか1項に記載のプログラム。
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KR20210035287A (ko) | 2021-03-31 |
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