JP6937894B2 - 基板処理装置、半導体装置の製造方法及びプログラム - Google Patents
基板処理装置、半導体装置の製造方法及びプログラム Download PDFInfo
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- JP6937894B2 JP6937894B2 JP2020508222A JP2020508222A JP6937894B2 JP 6937894 B2 JP6937894 B2 JP 6937894B2 JP 2020508222 A JP2020508222 A JP 2020508222A JP 2020508222 A JP2020508222 A JP 2020508222A JP 6937894 B2 JP6937894 B2 JP 6937894B2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67005—Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67011—Apparatus for manufacture or treatment
- H01L21/67017—Apparatus for fluid treatment
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
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- C23C16/34—Nitrides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/448—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for generating reactive gas streams, e.g. by evaporation or sublimation of precursor materials
- C23C16/452—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for generating reactive gas streams, e.g. by evaporation or sublimation of precursor materials by activating reactive gas streams before their introduction into the reaction chamber, e.g. by ionisation or addition of reactive species
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45523—Pulsed gas flow or change of composition over time
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- C23C16/45523—Pulsed gas flow or change of composition over time
- C23C16/45525—Atomic layer deposition [ALD]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45523—Pulsed gas flow or change of composition over time
- C23C16/45525—Atomic layer deposition [ALD]
- C23C16/45527—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the ALD cycle, e.g. different flows or temperatures during half-reactions, unusual pulsing sequence, use of precursor mixtures or auxiliary reactants or activations
- C23C16/45536—Use of plasma, radiation or electromagnetic fields
- C23C16/45542—Plasma being used non-continuously during the ALD reactions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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Description
基板を処理する処理室と、
第1のガスを充填し加熱する複数のタンクを備え、前記処理室内の前記基板に対して前記第1のガスを供給する第1のガス供給系と、
前記複数のタンクを切り替えながら前記処理室内の前記基板に対して前記第1のガスを供給することが可能なように、前記第1のガス供給系を制御するよう構成される制御部と、を有する技術が提供される。
以下、本開示の一実施形態について図1から図7を参照しながら説明する。
図1に示すように、処理炉202は基板を垂直方向多段に収容することが可能な、いわゆる縦型炉であり、加熱装置(加熱機構)としてのヒータ207を有する。ヒータ207は円筒形状であり、保持板としてのヒータベース(図示せず)に支持されることにより垂直に据え付けられている。ヒータ207は、後述するようにガスを熱で活性化(励起)させる活性化機構(励起部)としても機能する。
ヒータ207の内側には、ヒータ207と同心円状に反応管203が配設されている。反応管203は、例えば石英(SiO2)または炭化シリコン(SiC)等の耐熱性材料により構成され、上端が閉塞し下端が開口した円筒形状に形成されている。反応管203の下方には、反応管203と同心円状に、マニホールド(インレットフランジ)209が配設されている。マニホールド209は、例えばステンレス(SUS)等の金属により構成され、上端および下端が開口した円筒形状に形成されている。マニホールド209の上端部は、反応管203の下端部に係合しており、反応管203を支持するように構成されている。マニホールド209と反応管203との間には、シール部材としてのOリング220aが設けられている。マニホールド209がヒータベースに支持されることにより、反応管203は垂直に据え付けられた状態となる。主に、反応管203とマニホールド209とにより処理容器(反応容器)が構成されている。処理容器の内側である筒中空部には処理室201が形成されている。処理室201は、複数枚の基板としてのウエハ200を収容可能に構成されている。なお、処理容器は上記の構成に限らず、反応管203のみを処理容器と称する場合もある。
バッファ室237内には、図2及び図3に示すように、導電体により構成され、細長い構造を有する3本の棒状電極269,270,271が、反応管203の下部より上部にわたりウエハ200の積載方向に沿って配設されている。棒状電極269,270,271のそれぞれは、ノズル249bと平行に設けられている。棒状電極269,270,271のそれぞれは、上部より下部にわたって電極保護管275により覆われることで保護されている。棒状電極269,270,271のうち両端に配置される棒状電極269,271は、整合器272を介して高周波電源273に接続され、棒状電極270は、基準電位であるアースに接続され、接地されている。すなわち、高周波電源273に接続される棒状電極と、接地される棒状電極と、が交互に配置され、高周波電源273に接続された棒状電極269,271の間に配置された棒状電極270は、接地された棒状電極として、棒状電極269,271に対して共通して用いられている。換言すると、接地された棒状電極270は、隣り合う高周波電源273に接続された棒状電極269,271に挟まれるように配置され、棒状電極269と棒状電極270、同じく、棒状電極271と棒状電極270がそれぞれ対となるように構成されてプラズマを生成する。つまり、接地された棒状電極270は、棒状電極270に隣り合う2本の高周波電源273に接続された棒状電極269,271に対して共通して用いられている。そして、高周波電源273から棒状電極269,271に高周波(RF)電力を印加することで、棒状電極269,270間のプラズマ生成領域224a、棒状電極270,271間のプラズマ生成領域224bにプラズマが生成される。主に、棒状電極269,270,271、電極保護管275によりプラズマ源としてのプラズマ生成部(プラズマ生成装置)が構成される。整合器272、高周波電源273をプラズマ源に含めて考えてもよい。プラズマ源は、後述するように、ガスをプラズマ励起、すなわち、プラズマ状態に励起(活性化)させるプラズマ励起部(活性化機構)として機能する。
図1に示すように基板支持具としてのボート217は、複数枚、例えば25〜200枚のウエハ200を、水平姿勢で、かつ、互いに中心を揃えた状態で垂直方向に整列させて多段に支持するように、すなわち、所定の間隔を空けて配列させるように構成されている。ボート217は、例えば石英やSiC等の耐熱性材料により構成される。ボート217の下部には、例えば石英やSiC等の耐熱性材料により構成される断熱板218が多段に支持されている。
次に制御装置について図4を用いて説明する。図4に示すように、制御部(制御装置)であるコントローラ121は、CPU(Central Processing Unit)121a、RAM(Random Access Memory)121b、記憶装置121c、I/Oポート121dを備えたコンピュータとして構成されている。RAM121b、記憶装置121c、I/Oポート121dは、内部バス121eを介して、CPU121aとデータ交換可能なように構成されている。コントローラ121には、例えばタッチパネル等として構成された入出力装置122が接続されている。
次に、基板処理装置100を使用して、半導体装置の製造工程の一工程として、ウエハ200上に薄膜を形成する工程について、図5及び図6を参照しながら説明する。以下の説明において、基板処理装置を構成する各部の動作はコントローラ121により制御される。
複数枚のウエハ200がボート217に装填(ウエハチャージ)されると、シャッタ開閉機構115sによりシャッタ219sが移動させられて、マニホールド209の下端開口が開放される(シャッタオープン)。その後、図1に示すように、複数枚のウエハ200を支持したボート217は、ボートエレベータ115によって持ち上げられて処理室201内へ搬入(ボートロード)される。この状態で、シールキャップ219は、Oリング220bを介してマニホールド209の下端をシールした状態となる。
処理室201の内部、すなわち、ウエハ200が存在する空間が所望の圧力(真空度)となるように、真空ポンプ246によって真空排気(減圧排気)される。この際、処理室201内の圧力は圧力センサ245で測定され、この測定された圧力情報に基づきAPCバルブ244がフィードバック制御される。真空ポンプ246は、少なくとも後述する成膜ステップが終了するまでの間は常時作動させた状態を維持する。
ステップS3では、処理室201内のウエハ200に対してDCSガスを供給する。第1のエアオペレートバルブ334aを開けて第1のタンク331aにDCSガスを充填し加熱し、第2のエアオペレートバルブ334bを開けて第2のタンク331bにDCSガスを充填し加熱している。すなわち、ステップS3でDCSガスの供給を開始する際には、第1のタンクおよび第2のタンクいずれもDCSガスが所定の規定量が充填され加熱された状態となっている。そして、所定時間経過後に第1のバルブ333aを開いて第1のタンク331a内のDCSガスをMFC241aへ供給し、第1の圧力計332aで測定した圧力が所定の圧力となると、第1のバルブ333aを閉じて、第2のバルブ333bを開いて第2のタンク331b内のDCSガスをMFC241aへ供給し、第1のエアオペレートバルブ334aを開いて第1のタンク331aにDCSガスを充填し加熱する。また、第2の圧力計332bで測定した圧力が所定の圧力になると、第2のバルブ333bを閉じて、第1のバルブ333aを開いて第1のタンク331内のDCSガスをMFC241aへ供給し、第2のエアオペレートバルブ334bを開いて第2のタンク331bにDCSガスを充填し加熱する。これら動作を繰り返して、MFC241aにDCSガスを大流量で供給する。
成膜処理が終了した後、処理室201内のウエハ200に対して反応ガスとしてのプラズマ励起させたNH3ガスを供給する(S5)。
上述したS3,S4,S5,S6をこの順番に沿って非同時に、すなわち、同期させることなく行うことを1サイクルとし、このサイクルを所定回数(n回)、すなわち、1回以上行う(S7)ことにより、ウエハ200上に、所定組成および所定膜厚のSiN膜を形成することができる。上述のサイクルは、複数回繰り返すことが好ましい。すなわち、1サイクルあたりに形成されるSiN層の厚さを所望の膜厚よりも小さくし、SiN層を積層することで形成されるSiN膜の膜厚が所望の膜厚になるまで、上述のサイクルを複数回繰り返すことが好ましい。
上述の成膜処理が完了したら、ガス供給管232c,232dのそれぞれから不活性ガスとしてのN2ガスを処理室201内へ供給し、排気管231から排気する。これにより、処理室201内が不活性ガスでパージされ、処理室201内に残留するガス等が処理室201内から除去される(不活性ガスパージ)。その後、処理室201内の雰囲気が不活性ガスに置換され(不活性ガス置換)、処理室201内の圧力が常圧に復帰される(S8)。
その後、ボートエレベータ115によりシールキャップ219が下降されて、マニホールド209の下端が開口されるとともに、処理済のウエハ200が、ボート217に支持された状態でマニホールド209の下端から反応管203の外部に搬出(ボートアンロード)される(S9)。ボートアンロードの後は、シャッタ219sが移動させられ、マニホールド209の下端開口がOリング220cを介してシャッタ219sによりシールされる(シャッタクローズ)。処理済のウエハ200は、反応管203の外部に搬出された後、ボート217より取り出されることとなる(ウエハディスチャージ)。なお、ウエハディスチャージの後は、処理室201内へ空のボート217を搬入するようにしてもよい。
本実施形態によれば、以下に示す1つ又は複数の効果が得られる。
(a)本実施形態によれば、加熱式のタンクを設けることにより、ほぼ常温で供給される反応性ガスを閉じ込め、加熱することで昇圧が可能となりMFCの上流側の供給圧力を上げることが可能となる。
(b)MFCの上流側のタンクを2ライン以上設けることにより、MFCの大流量化が可能となり、処理室への安定した大流量供給が可能となる。
次に、本実施形態の変形例を図8に基づいて説明する。本変形例において、上述した実施形態と異なる部分のみ以下に説明し、同じ部分は説明を省略する。
次に、本実施形態の変形例2を図9に基づいて説明する。本変形例において、上述した変形例1と異なる部分のみ以下に説明し、同じ部分は説明を省略する。
rON膜、ZrBN膜、ZrBCN膜、HfO膜、HfN膜、HfOC膜、HfOCN膜、HfON膜、HfBN膜、HfBCN膜、TaO膜、TaOC膜、TaOCN膜、TaON膜、TaBN膜、TaBCN膜、NbO膜、NbN膜、NbOC膜、NbOCN膜、NbON膜、NbBN膜、NbBCN膜、AlO膜、AlN膜、AlOC膜、AlOCN膜、AlON膜、AlBN膜、AlBCN膜、MoO膜、MoN膜、MoOC膜、MoOCN膜、MoON膜、MoBN膜、MoBCN膜、WO膜、WN膜、WOC膜、WOCN膜、WON膜、MWBN膜、WBCN膜等を形成する場合にも、好適に適用することが可能となる。
Claims (12)
- 基板を処理する処理室と、
第1のガスを充填し加熱する複数の容量が同一であるタンクと、前記複数のタンク内の圧力を計測する圧力計と、を備え、前記処理室内の基板に対して前記第1のガスを供給する第1のガス供給系と、
前記圧力計が測定した圧力値に基づいて、前記複数のタンクを切り替えながら前記処理室内の前記基板に対して前記第1のガスを供給することが可能なように、前記第1のガス供給系を制御するよう構成される制御部と、を有し、
前記制御部は、
前記第1のガスを供給している間に、前記圧力計が測定した圧力値に基づいて、前記複数のタンクを切り替えながら前記処理室内の前記基板に対して前記第1のガスを供給することが可能なように、前記第1のガス供給系を制御するよう構成される基板処理装置。 - 前記第1のガス供給系は、前記複数のタンクに接続され、前記処理室に前記第1のガスの供給流量を制御するマスフローコントローラを備える請求項1に記載の基板処理装置。
- 前記複数のタンクには、それぞれ前記第1のガスの供給を制御するバルブが設けられ、
前記制御部は、前記第1のガスを供給している間に、前記圧力計が測定した圧力値に基づいて、前記バルブの開閉を制御して、前記複数のタンクを切り替えて前記第1のガスを供給する請求項2に記載の基板処理装置。 - 前記処理室内の基板に対して第2のガスを供給する第2のガス供給系を備え、
前記第1のガスは原料ガスであって、前記第2のガスは反応ガスである請求項1に記載の基板処理装置。 - 前記処理室内へ第3のガスを供給する第3のガス供給系を更に備え、
前記第3のガスは不活性ガスである請求項4に記載の基板処理装置。 - 前記処理室内に垂直方向に設けられ、前記反応ガスをプラズマにより活性化させるプラズマ生成部を有する請求項4に記載の基板処理装置。
- 前記プラズマ生成部は、高周波電源に接続される複数の第1棒状電極と、接地される第2棒状電極と、を備える請求項6に記載の基板処理装置。
- 前記第2棒状電極は、前記複数の第1棒状電極の間に設けられる請求項7に記載の基板処理装置。
- 前記プラズマ生成部は、前記複数の第1棒状電極と、前記第2棒状電極により、前記反応ガスを活性化させる請求項7に記載の基板処理装置。
- 複数の前記基板を垂直方向に多段に支持する基板支持具を備える請求項1に記載の基板処理装置。
- 基板を処理する処理室と、第1のガスを充填し加熱する複数の容量が同一であるタンクと、前記複数のタンク内の圧力を計測する圧力計と、を有し、前記処理室内に前記基板に対して前記第1のガスを供給する第1のガス供給系と、前記処理室内の前記基板に対して第2のガスを供給する第2のガス供給系と、を有する基板処理装置の前記処理室内に前記基板を搬入する工程と、
前記第1のガスを供給している間に、前記圧力計が測定した圧力値に基づいて、前記複数のタンクを切り替えながら前記処理室内の前記基板に対して前記第1のガスを供給する工程と、
前記処理室内の前記基板に対して前記第2のガス供給系から前記第2のガスを供給する工程と、
を有する半導体装置の製造方法。 - 基板を処理する処理室と、第1のガスを充填し加熱する複数の容量が同一であるタンクと、前記複数のタンク内の圧力を計測する圧力計と、を有し、前記処理室内の前記基板に対して前記第1のガスを供給する第1のガス供給系と、前記処理室内の前記基板に対して第2のガスを供給する第2のガス供給系と、を有する基板処理装置の前記処理室内に前記基板を搬入する手順と、
前記第1のガスを供給している間に、前記圧力計が測定した圧力値に基づいて、前記複数のタンクを切り替えながら前記処理室内の前記基板に対して前記第1のガスを供給する手順と、
前記処理室内の前記基板に対して前記第2のガス供給系から前記第2のガスを供給する手順と、をコンピュータによって前記基板処理装置に実行させるプログラム。
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