JPWO2009060717A1 - 透明電極及び透明電極の製造方法 - Google Patents
透明電極及び透明電極の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2009060717A1 JPWO2009060717A1 JP2009540005A JP2009540005A JPWO2009060717A1 JP WO2009060717 A1 JPWO2009060717 A1 JP WO2009060717A1 JP 2009540005 A JP2009540005 A JP 2009540005A JP 2009540005 A JP2009540005 A JP 2009540005A JP WO2009060717 A1 JPWO2009060717 A1 JP WO2009060717A1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/04—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of carbon-silicon compounds, carbon or silicon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
- H01B1/12—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances organic substances
- H01B1/124—Intrinsically conductive polymers
- H01B1/127—Intrinsically conductive polymers comprising five-membered aromatic rings in the main chain, e.g. polypyrroles, polythiophenes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
- H01B1/24—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising carbon-silicon compounds, carbon or silicon
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Non-Insulated Conductors (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Electric Cables (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明で用いられる導電性繊維として、カーボンナノチューブやカーボンナノファイバー、カーボンナノワイヤなどのカーボン系繊維状材料、金属ナノワイヤや金属ナノチューブ、金属ナノロッドなどの金属系繊維状材料、金属酸化物ナノワイヤや金属酸化物ナノワイヤ、金属酸化物ナノロッドなどの金属酸化物系繊維状材料、あるいは有機物繊維表面を金属や金属酸化物でコーティングした複合系繊維状材料などが挙げられる。
本発明で用いられる導電性高分子としては、例えば、ポリピロール、ポリアニリン、ポリチオフェン、ポリチエニレンビニレン、ポリアズレン、ポリイソチアナフテン、ポリカルバゾール、ポリアセチレン、ポリフェニレン、ポリフェニレンビニレン、ポリアセン、ポリフェニルアセチレン、ポリジアセチレン及びポリナフタレンの各誘導体からなる群より選ばれる化合物を挙げられる。
本発明で用いられる透明支持体には特に制限はなく、その材料、形状、構造、厚み等については公知のものの中から適宜選択することができる。例えば、基材としての硬度に優れ、またその表面への導電性層の形成のし易さ等の点で、ガラス基板、樹脂基板、樹脂フィルムなどが好適に挙げられるが、軽量性と柔軟性の観点から樹脂フィルムを用いることが好ましい。
本発明の透明電極の製造方法で用いられる離型性支持体としては、樹脂基板や樹脂フィルムなどが好適に挙げられる。該樹脂には特に制限はなく、公知のものの中から適宜選択することができ、例えば、ポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂、塩化ビニル系樹脂、アクリル系樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、ポリエチレン樹脂、ポリプロピレン樹脂などの合成樹脂の単層あるいは複数層からなる基板やフィルムが好適に用いられる。更にガラス基板や紙類を用いることもできる。
本発明の透明電極は、透明支持体上に互いに隣接する導電性繊維を含む導電性層(A層)と導電性高分子を含む導電性層(B層)を有し、且つA層が支持体に近い側に配置されており、且つA層に接するB層の第一表面の平滑性Ra(B)が30nm以下であることを特徴とする。更には、A層に接するB層の第一表面の平滑性Ra(B)が10nm以下であることが好ましく、Ra(B)が5nm以下であることが特に好ましい。
本発明の透明電極の製造方法において、導電性層の形成方法としては特に制限はないが、生産性と生産コスト、平滑性や均一性などの電極品質、環境負荷軽減の観点から、塗布法や印刷法などの液相成膜法を用いることが好ましい。
本実施例では、導電性繊維としてAgナノワイヤ、導電性高分子として3,4−エチレンジオキシチオフェン(以下、PEDOTと略記する)/ポリスチレンスルホン酸(以下、PSSと略記する)を用いた。以下の実施例で用いたAgナノワイヤ分散液は、次のようにして準備した。
《透明電極の作製》
〔透明電極TC−10の作製〕
前述の本発明の製造方法(3)に従い、透明電極TC−10を作製した。
上記透明電極TC−10の作製方法において、B層の膜厚を300nmに変更した以外は透明電極TC−10と同様にして、本発明の透明電極TC−11を作製した。
上記透明電極TC−10の作製方法において、乾燥後のウレタンアクリレート膜厚が200nmになるように、ウレタンアクリレートの添加量を調整してA層を形成した以外は透明電極TC−10と同様にして、本発明の透明電極TC−12を作製した。
上記透明電極TC−10の作製方法において、B層の膜厚を300nmに変更し、且つ乾燥後のウレタンアクリレート膜厚が200nmになるように、ウレタンアクリレートの添加量を調整してA層を形成した以外は透明電極TC−10と同様にして、本発明の透明電極TC−13を作製した。
PET支持体上に、透明電極TC−10と同様にしてA層を形成し、続いて透明電極TC−10と同様にしてB層を形成し、比較の透明電極TC−14を作製した。
PET支持体上に、透明電極TC−11と同様にしてA層を形成し、続いて透明電極TC−11と同様にしてB層を形成し、比較の透明電極TC−15を作製した。
PET支持体上に、透明電極TC−12と同様にしてA層を形成し、続いて透明電極TC−12と同様にしてB層を形成し、比較の透明電極TC−16を作製した。
PET支持体上に、透明電極TC−13と同様にしてA層を形成し、続いて透明電極TC−13と同様にしてB層を形成し、比較の透明電極TC−17を作製した。
PET支持体上に、透明電極TC−10と同様にしてA層を形成し、比較の透明電極TC−18を作製した。
PET支持体上に、透明電極TC−10と同様にしてB層を形成し、比較の透明電極TC−19を作製した。
上記のように作製した各透明電極の全光透過率Tを測定した。また、透明電極表面を10×10のエリアに区分けして、合計100箇所の表面抵抗を測定し、表面抵抗の平均値SR(a)と、標準偏差SR(σ)を求めた。更に、透明電極TC−10〜17については、前述の方法でB層がA層に接する界面の粗さ曲線を計測して、B層がA層に接するB層の表面の平滑性Ra(B)を求めた。得られた結果を表1に示す。
《透明電極の作製》
〔透明電極TC−20の作製〕
前述の本発明の製造方法(3)に従い、透明電極TC−20を作製した。コロナ放電処理を施した離型性支持体の離型面上に、乾燥後の膜厚が200nmとなるようにPEDOT/PSSとDMSOを含む溶液を均一に塗布・乾燥してB層を形成した。次いで、Agナノワイヤ分散液を目付け量が0.3g/m2となるように塗布・乾燥した。
前述の本発明の製造方法(3)に従い、透明電極TC−21を作製した。コロナ放電処理を施した離型性支持体の離型面上に、乾燥後の膜厚が200nmとなるようにPEDOT/PSSとDMSOを含む溶液を均一に塗布・乾燥してB層を形成した。続いて、表面に微細な凹凸を有するローラーを用いて、B層表面全体にテクスチャー構造を形成した。次いで、テクスチャー構造を付与したB層上に、Agナノワイヤ分散液を目付け量が0.3g/m2となるように塗布・乾燥した。
上記透明電極TC−21の作製方法において、B層表面にテクスチャー構造を形成する際のローラーの種類を各々変えた(凹凸のPeak to Valleyが異なる)以外は透明電極TC−21と同様にして、透明電極TC−22〜24を作製した。
上記のように作製した各透明電極の垂直な断面を観察して、B層がA層に接するB層表面の平滑性Ra(B)を求めた。また、実施例1と同様の方法で表面抵抗の平均値:SR(a)と標準偏差:SR(σ)を測定し、表面抵抗のバラツキの指標として表面抵抗分布:D(SR)=SR(σ)/SR(a)を×100[%]求めた。得られた結果を表2に示す。
《透明電極の作製》
〔透明電極TC−30の作製〕
前述の本発明の製造方法(3)に従い、透明電極TC−30を作製した。離型面の算術平均粗さが1nm以下の高平滑性離型性支持体上に、乾燥後の膜厚が100nmとなるようにPEDOT/PSSとDMSOを含む溶液を均一に塗布・乾燥してB層を形成した。次いで、Agナノワイヤ分散液を目付け量が0.3g/m2となるように塗布・乾燥しAgナノワイヤ層を形成した。
上記透明電極TC−30の作製方法において、Agナノワイヤ分散液を塗布・乾燥した後、ウレタンアクリレート溶液の塗布前に、Agナノワイヤ層にカレンダー処理を施した以外は透明電極TC−30と同様にして、本発明の透明電極TC−31を作製した。
上記透明電極TC−31の作製方法において、離型面の算術平均粗さが約2nmの高平滑性離型性支持体を用いた以外は透明電極TC−31と同様にして、本発明の透明電極TC−32を作製した。
上記透明電極TC−31の作製方法において、離型面の算術平均粗さが約4nmの高平滑性離型性支持体を用いた以外は透明電極TC−31と同様にして、本発明の透明電極TC−33を作製した。
上記透明電極TC−31の作製方法において、離型面の算術平均粗さが約6nmの高平滑性離型性支持体を用いた以外は透明電極TC−31と同様にして、本発明の透明電極TC−34を作製した。
上記のように作製した各透明電極において、表面抵抗の平均値:SR(a)を実施例1と同様の方法で測定した。また、各透明電極表面(即ち、B層の支持体から遠い側の表面)の平滑性:Ra(S)を測定した。得られた結果を表3に示す。
〔透明電極TC−40の作製〕
前述の本発明の製造方法(4)の方法に従い、透明電極を作製した。
Claims (4)
- 透明支持体上に互いに隣接する導電性繊維を含む導電性層(A層)と導電性高分子を含む導電性層(B層)を有し、且つA層が支持体に近い側に配置されており、且つA層に接するB層の第一表面の平滑性Ra(B)が、30nm以下であることを特徴とする透明電極。
- 前記透明支持体から遠い側のB層の第二表面の平滑性Ra(S)が、5nm以下であることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項に記載の透明電極。
- 請求の範囲第1項または第2項に記載の透明電極を製造する透明電極の製造方法であって、離型性支持体の離型面側に導電性高分子を含む導電性層(B層)を形成した後、導電性繊維を含む導電性層(A層)を積層し、導電性高分子を含む導電性層(B層)と導電性繊維を含む導電性層(A層)の積層物を、透明支持体上に転写することを特徴とする透明電極の製造方法。
- 請求の範囲第1項または第2項に記載の透明電極を製造する透明電極の製造方法であって、離型性支持体の離型面上に導電性繊維を含む導電性層(A層)を形成し、該導電性繊維を含む導電性層(A層)を透明支持体上に形成した透明な樹脂を含むバインダー層に転写した後、導電性高分子を含む導電性層(B層)を積層することを特徴とする透明電極の製造方法。
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JP5397376B2 (ja) * | 2008-08-11 | 2014-01-22 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 透明電極、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子及び透明電極の製造方法 |
DE102009017787A1 (de) * | 2009-04-20 | 2010-10-28 | Sefar Ag | Optoelektronische Folienanordnung |
JP2010282997A (ja) * | 2009-06-02 | 2010-12-16 | Seiko Epson Corp | 太陽電池、太陽電池の製造方法 |
JP5097172B2 (ja) * | 2009-06-23 | 2012-12-12 | 株式会社沖データ | グラフェン層の剥離方法、グラフェンウエハの製造方法、及び、グラフェン素子の製造方法 |
CN101950213B (zh) * | 2009-07-10 | 2013-05-22 | 群康科技(深圳)有限公司 | 触摸屏及用于触摸屏的多点辨识方法 |
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US8664518B2 (en) * | 2009-12-11 | 2014-03-04 | Konica Minolta Holdngs, Inc. | Organic photoelectric conversion element and producing method of the same |
DE102010021322A1 (de) * | 2010-05-19 | 2011-11-24 | Universität Paderborn | Schichtaufbau einer leuchtenden Vorrichtung, Verfahren zur Herstellung und zum Betreiben einer leuchtenden Vorrichtung sowie entsprechend hergestellte leuchtende Vorrichtung |
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JP5983408B2 (ja) * | 2010-09-24 | 2016-08-31 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 透明電極の製造方法 |
JP2012236942A (ja) * | 2011-05-13 | 2012-12-06 | Dow Corning Toray Co Ltd | 透明非金属製導電部の保護方法 |
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US10069021B2 (en) * | 2012-10-12 | 2018-09-04 | Heraeus Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG | Electro-conductive pastes with salts with an anion consisting of halogen and oxygen in solar cell applications |
JP2014112510A (ja) * | 2012-11-02 | 2014-06-19 | Nitto Denko Corp | 透明導電性フィルム |
US20140170427A1 (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2014-06-19 | Carestream Health, Inc. | Anticorrosion agents for transparent conductive film |
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JPS6364079A (ja) * | 1986-09-04 | 1988-03-22 | オムロン株式会社 | 導電性高分子電子素子の製造方法 |
JPS6364080A (ja) * | 1986-09-04 | 1988-03-22 | オムロン株式会社 | 導電性高分子電子素子 |
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