JPWO2005062411A1 - 燃料電池用空気の浄化方法及び装置並びに燃料電池 - Google Patents
燃料電池用空気の浄化方法及び装置並びに燃料電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2005062411A1 JPWO2005062411A1 JP2005516483A JP2005516483A JPWO2005062411A1 JP WO2005062411 A1 JPWO2005062411 A1 JP WO2005062411A1 JP 2005516483 A JP2005516483 A JP 2005516483A JP 2005516483 A JP2005516483 A JP 2005516483A JP WO2005062411 A1 JPWO2005062411 A1 JP WO2005062411A1
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- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
- H01M8/0675—Removal of sulfur
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Abstract
Description
固体高分子型燃料電池(単電池、有効面積25cm2)を用いて、カソードに供給する空気中に含まれるSO2濃度を系統的に変え、空気中のSO2濃度と、燃料電池の電圧の低下速度との関係を調べる実験を行った。SO2濃度の異なる各試験において、燃料電池はすべて同一仕様の未使用品を使用し、試験条件もすべて同一とした。電極触媒には、固体高分子型燃料電池の電極触媒として一般的に用いられているカーボン担持貴金属触媒を用い、アノード触媒には白金ルテニウム合金触媒、カソード触媒には白金触媒を適用した。
除膜処理されたセル数10PPIのポリエーテル系ポリウレタンフォーム((株)ブリヂストン製商品名「エバーライトSF」品番「QW−09 5t」(250mm×250mm×厚さ5mm))をフィルタ基材として用いた。これに固形分50重量%のポリエーテル系ウレタンエマルジョンバインダーを基材体積当たりのバインダー付着量が乾燥樹脂分として30g/Lとなるように含浸処理した。100℃で5分間乾燥した後、平均粒子径30メッシュ(BET比表面積1500m2/g)の椰子殻活性炭を篩落下法により供給して、基材の表裏及び内部にまで均一に付着させた。フィルタ基材体積当たりの活性炭付着量は150g/Lとなるように調整した。その後、硫化物の除去性能を向上させるために、活性炭を付着させたフィルタ基材の表裏面から炭酸カリウム13.8重量%水溶液を液付着量が326g/m2(炭酸カリウム付着量45m2/g、活性炭に対する付着割合は6重量%)となるように塗布した。その後、十分に乾燥させることにより、浄化フィルタ素材を得た。
製造例1で得られた厚さ5mmの浄化フィルタ素材を表1に示す枚数重ね、表1に示す総厚みを有する。3種類の浄化フィルタNo.1,2,3を得た。これらの浄化フィルタを用いて、下記のSO2ガス吸着試験と圧力損失測定試験を行った。
図4に示す試験装置を用いて、SO2濃度を大気中の約100倍に相当する500ppbとして促進試験を行った。
上記SO2ガス吸着試験で採用した、カラム1内に導入されたガスの線速度0.12m/secにおける圧力損失を調べるために、図5に示す試験装置を用いて圧力損失の測定試験を行った。
実験例2のNo.1の浄化フィルタ(浄化フィルタ素材を16枚積層した厚み80mmのもの)を用いて、燃料電池用空気の浄化処理を行った。
実施例1において、カソード供給空気の浄化フィルタによる浄化処理を行わなかったこと以外は同様にして連続発電運転を行い、起電力低下率を調べた。
Claims (17)
- 燃料電池に供給される空気を処理して、該空気に含まれる、燃料電池の起電力低下要因成分を除去する燃料電池用空気の浄化方法において、
該空気中の硫黄化合物を除去して硫黄化合物濃度を5ppb以下とすることを特徴とする燃料電池用空気の浄化方法。 - 請求項1において、該硫黄化合物がSO2、SO3及びH2Sよりなる群から選ばれる1種又は2種以上であることを特徴とする燃料電池用空気の浄化方法。
- 請求項1において、燃料電池に供給される空気を、三次元網状骨格構造体と、該三次元網状骨格構造体に保持された燃料電池の起電力低下要因成分の分解又は吸着用の物質とを有する浄化フィルタに流通させることにより、該空気中の燃料電池の硫黄化合物を除去することを特徴とする燃料電池用空気の浄化方法。
- 請求項3において、該浄化フィルタ内の空気の空間速度を11100h−1以下とすることを特徴とする燃料電池用空気の浄化方法。
- 燃料電池に供給される空気を、三次元網状骨格構造体と、該三次元網状骨格構造体に保持された燃料電池の起電力低下要因成分の分解又は吸着用の物質とを有する浄化フィルタに流通させることにより、該空気中の燃料電池の起電力低下要因成分を除去する燃料電池用空気の浄化方法において、
該浄化フィルタ内の空気の空間速度を11100h−1以下とすることを特徴とする燃料電池用空気の浄化方法。 - 請求項4において、該空間速度を7000〜8000h−1とすることを特徴とする燃料電池用空気の浄化方法。
- 請求項3において、前記燃料電池の起電力低下要因成分の分解又は吸着用の物質は、吸着体粒子の単体又はその集合体であることを特徴とする燃料電池用空気の浄化方法。
- 請求項3において、前記燃料電池の起電力低下要因成分の分解又は吸着用の物質は、椰子柄活性炭、木質活性炭、石油ピッチ系球状活性炭、ペレット状成型活性炭、天然ゼオライト、合成ゼオライト、活性白土、界面活性剤、陽イオン又は陰イオン交換樹脂、陽イオン又は陰イオン交換繊維、キレート樹脂、キレート化合物、無機系陽イオン又は陰イオン吸着剤、無機系合成化学脱臭剤、多孔質吸着体に中和反応等の化学反応を利用して対象ガス成分を化学的に分解除去する化合物を担持させたもの、及び、多孔質吸着体に貴金属又は卑金属からなる酸化又は還元触媒を担持させたものや酸化チタン等の光励起触媒を担持又はコーティングさせたものから選ばれる1種又は2種以上を用いた吸着体粒子であることを特徴とする燃料電池用空気の浄化方法。
- 請求項8において、該吸着体粒子は、活性炭に、アルカリ金属の塩、アルカリ金属の水酸化物、アルカリ土類金属の塩、及びアルカリ土類金属の水酸化物よりなる群から選ばれる1種又は2種以上のアルカリ性物質を添着させた添着活性炭であることを特徴とする燃料電池用空気の浄化方法。
- 請求項9において、該アルカリ性物質の添着量が活性炭に対して20重量%以下であることを特徴とする燃料電池用空気の浄化方法。
- 請求項7において、該吸着体粒子はバインダー層を介して三次元網状骨格構造体に保持されていることを特徴とする燃料電池用空気の浄化方法。
- 請求項3において、該三次元網状骨格構造体はポリウレタンフォームであることを特徴とする燃料電池用空気の浄化方法。
- 請求項12において、該ポリウレタンフォームがポリエーテル系ポリウレタンフォームであることを特徴とする燃料電池用空気の浄化方法。
- 請求項12において、該バインダーがポリエーテル系ウレタンバインダーであることを特徴とする燃料電池用空気の浄化方法。
- 請求項3において、該浄化フィルタの上流側及び/又は下流側に除塵フィルタを設けたことを特徴とする燃料電池用空気の浄化方法。
- 燃料電池に供給される空気を処理して、該空気に含まれる、燃料電池の起電力低下要因成分を除去する燃料電池用空気の浄化装置において、請求項1ないし15のいずれか1項に記載の燃料電池用空気の浄化方法により、該空気を浄化する手段を備えてなることを特徴とする燃料電池用空気の浄化装置。
- 請求項1に記載の燃料電池用空気の浄化方法により浄化された空気が供給されることを特徴とする燃料電池。
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JP4956996B2 (ja) | 2012-06-20 |
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US20060240295A1 (en) | 2006-10-26 |
EP1699103B1 (en) | 2015-09-30 |
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CA2550875A1 (en) | 2005-07-07 |
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