JPS637722A - Shiitake artificial culture method - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a method for cultivating shiitake mushrooms in artificial mulch using container-cultured mycelium.

[Conventional technology]

In general, Shiitake cultivation involves inoculating seedlings onto Shiitake logs and covering them with grass, como, etc. to prevent direct contact with outside air.
In this state, the growth of mycelium is promoted (temporary arranging) by spreading the shiitake mushroom mycelia to form a crosspiece, and spreading the crosspiece in an appropriate location to allow the mycelium to grow and become mushrooms. However, with such conventional methods of cultivating shiitake mushrooms, it has become difficult to supply them due to the decrease in shiitake logs, and a long cultivation period is required, so there is a desire to shorten the cultivation period. Furthermore, problems such as the complexity of work caused by agricultural production as described above have also arisen. In order to solve this problem, it has been considered to manufacture artificial crossbars using sawdust and the like, and to use these to cultivate shiitake mushrooms. However, the only types of shiitake mushrooms are hiratake, enoki, and nameko mushrooms.

Unlike mushrooms such as Tamogi, which can be successfully cultivated using artificial crosspieces, it is difficult to cultivate artificial crosspieces, and there is currently no industrially established technology.

Conventional methods for artificially cultivating shiitake mushrooms include filling a bottle with sawdust, inoculating the bacteria, sealing the bottle, and culturing it to produce white, soft mycelium.The generated mycelium is removed from the bottle and watered. There is a method of subjecting mushrooms to a low-temperature shock by immersing them in cold water at appropriate times to cause them to sprout.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, according to the above method, there is a drawback that the yield of fruit bodies is not stable during long-term cultivation (for example, three months). In other words, bacterial contamination and weakened mycelium are observed.

Therefore, the actual situation is that the above-mentioned conventional methods have not achieved sufficient results from the standpoint of streamlining and mass production of artificial shiitake mushroom cultivation.

The present invention was made in view of these circumstances, and its purpose is to improve the yield and quality of fruiting bodies.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to achieve the above object, the artificial shiitake mushroom cultivation method of the present invention is a shiitake mushroom artificial cultivation method in which watering is applied to container-cultured mycelium taken out from a container, and the water used for the watering is Shiitake mushroom cultivation. The method uses an aqueous solution containing a mycelial growth promoter.

That is, in this invention, when watering mycelium,
Since the water used for watering is water containing a shiitake mycelium growth promoter, the shiitake mycelium growth promoter penetrates into the inside of the mycelium from the surface, thereby reducing harmful effects on the shiitake mycelium. The yield and quality of fruiting bodies can be improved by eliminating or completely eliminating them, or by supplementing nutrients.

Next, this invention will be explained in detail.

This invention can be carried out, for example, as follows. That is, first, sawdust is used as a medium composition.

A solid medium is prepared using rice bran, bran, etc., and this solid medium is filled into a container such as a polypropylene bottle or bag and sterilized by heating. Next, the seed fungus is inoculated and the mycelium is cultured for 1 to 2 months at the optimal temperature for mycelial culture (20 to 26°C), and after the mycelium has spread in the medium, it is removed from the container. Then, the mycelium taken out from the container is arranged on a mesh shelf at a predetermined interval, and the mycelium of the mycelium is allowed to grow in this state. , a watering device 3 such as a sprinkler from above the shelf 2
Watering is applied appropriately so that water droplets are uniformly applied to the surface of the mycelium 10.

In this invention, the water used for the above-mentioned watering is one in which 1) a substance that has an antibacterial effect, 2) a substance that adjusts hydrogen ion concentration (pH), and 2) a substance that serves as a nutrient source for shiitake mushroom mycelia, either alone or in an appropriate combination. Use. In other words, by dissolving the above ■ or ■, it is possible to effectively eliminate the harmful effects of contamination with harmful bacteria, and it is possible to obtain good crosspieces that are not affected by harmful bacteria in a high yield. In addition, when the above-mentioned (2) is dissolved, the growth of mycelia is promoted, and it becomes possible to obtain good crosspieces with well-grown mycelium at a high yield. The above-mentioned items (1) to (2) provide better effects when used in combination than when used alone, and it is practical to use them in combination.

As the substance with antibacterial effect mentioned in (iii) above, any substance can be used as long as it does not strongly inhibit the growth of shiitake mushroom mycelia and has antibacterial effect, but substances with antibacterial effect are particularly preferred. . An example of this is sodium hypochlorite.

Salad powder, Shugar ester, zorpic acid, thiabendazole, propylene glycol, propionic acid, streptomycin, dithianone agent (Merckderan hydrating agent),
Examples include benomyl agents (penlate hydrating agents), which can be used alone or in combination of two or more. When using the above-mentioned substance, it is desirable to dissolve the above-mentioned substance in water so that its concentration is diluted compared to the concentration at which the above-mentioned substance is normally used, and to mix this with the water used for watering. Then, water in which such a substance is dissolved may be used all the time for watering, or water in which the substance is dissolved and water in which it is not dissolved may be used alternately.

Examples of the substance that adjusts the hydrogen ion concentration in (2) above include inorganic acids, organic acids, and their salts.

Examples include hydrochloric acid, citric acid, fumaric acid, lactic acid, acetic acid, humic acid, phosphates, sulfates, nitrates.

Examples include potassium salts. The appropriate pH range is pH2
, 5 to pH 7, preferably pH 4 to pH 5.

Substances that serve as nutritional sources for the shiitake mushroom mycelium in (2) above include monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, salts containing various elements, vitamins, minerals, and the like.

As described above, since the present invention uses an aqueous solution containing the above-mentioned shiitake mushroom mycelium growth promoter for watering, the action of the above-mentioned shiitake mushroom mycelium growth promoter prevents the adhesion and propagation of various bacteria to the mycelium mass, and also prevents the mycelium from attaching and propagating. This makes it possible to supply nutrients to people.

In this case, it is desirable that watering be carried out for at least the initial 10 days or more while keeping the mycelium at a temperature of 18 to 28°C. This is because if the watering period is less than 10 days, there is a possibility that harmful microbial contamination may occur again when watering is carried out. In this case, the mycelium temperature may be maintained at the above temperature by keeping the ambient temperature at the above temperature, or the temperature of the water used for watering may be set at the above temperature to maintain the mycelium temperature at the above temperature. It may be kept at a temperature of in this way,
By sprinkling an aqueous solution containing a special component, the mycelium 1 becomes more active and more resistant to harmful bacteria. After that, when fruiting bodies are generated, a known cold water treatment or standing in a variable temperature environment (10 to 20°C) is performed.
As the water used for watering at this time, the aqueous solution containing the shiitake mycelial growth promoter of the present invention may be used.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, this invention strongly prevents the adhesion activity of various bacteria during watering, and at the same time makes it possible to supply nutrients, etc. to mycelium, thereby promoting the growth of shiitake mushroom mycelium and promoting its early growth. Germination can then be achieved. As a result, it is possible to efficiently produce shiitake mushroom artificial crosspieces, and at the same time, the obtained shiitake mushroom artificial crosspieces are not affected by bacteria and have excellent activity, so that the effect of increasing fruiting body yield and improving quality can be obtained. become.

Next, the present invention will be explained based on examples.

[Culture of mycelium]

First, mycelium was cultured as follows. That is,
Sawdust, rice bran, and bran were mixed in a ratio of 8:1:1, water was added to the mixture to prepare a medium, and this medium was filled into a 1 kg container made of polypropylene, and a cap with a filter was attached. This was sterilized under pressure at 121'C for 90 minutes.
Shiitake inoculum was inoculated and cultured at a temperature of 25°C. After culturing in this way, it was confirmed that the mycelium had spread, and the mycelium was removed from the container. Next, the mycelium thus taken out was arranged on a shelf, and as shown in the figure, was sprinkled with an aqueous solution containing the following shiitake mushroom mycelial growth promoter for 10 days from a sprinkler. Watering was continuous, and the temperature was set at 20 to 25°C.

[Example 1] Watering was performed as follows. That is, a 1,100 pp solution of sodium hypochlorite was prepared in a water storage tank for watering, and the solution was continuously submerged for 10 days.

[Example 2] As the water used for watering, fumaric acid was added to city water to adjust the pH to 4.5±0.5. An artificial shiitake mushroom crosspiece was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above.

[Example 3] Watering was performed as follows. That is, K2HPO
4. Add the same amount of molasses to an isostatic mixture of NH4N0:l, KNO, and mix this mixture with city water to 0.0
The concentration was adjusted to 1% by weight (hereinafter abbreviated as "%"). Other than that, the same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out to obtain an artificial shiitake mushroom shinoki.

[Example 4] Watering was performed as follows. That is, 10 ppm of salashi powder was dissolved in city water with available chlorine, and 0.0 ppm of blackstrap molasses was added to this.
．． 01% addition, sodium polyphosphate.

The pH was adjusted to 4-5 with lactic acid. An artificial shiitake mushroom crosspiece was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above.

[Comparative example]

Mycelium was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 above, and the mycelium was placed on a shelf and cultured in the same manner as in Example 1 for 5 days. and,
The obtained mycelium was sprinkled with city water under the same conditions as in Example 1.

The watering conditions, bacterial contamination rates, and fruiting body production yields in the above Examples and Comparative Examples are summarized in the table below.

(Margin below) (Margin below) The yield of mushrooms is 8 to 18℃ for artificial shiitake mushrooms.
The production volume of shiitake mushrooms cultivated under the temperature conditions of 3 months and harvested was divided by the total weight of the artificial shiitake mushrooms.

From the results in the table above, the artificial crosspieces obtained in the examples have a low bacterial contamination rate on the artificial shiitake mushrooms, and can significantly improve the incidence of shiitake mushrooms. On the other hand, in the comparative example in which city water was used for watering, both the harmful bacteria contamination rate 1 generation yield and the yield were inferior to those of the example.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings are explanatory diagrams of one embodiment of the present invention.

Claims (6)

[Claims] (1) An artificial shiitake mushroom cultivation method in which watering is applied to container-cultured mycelium taken out from a container, characterized in that an aqueous solution containing a shiitake mycelial growth promoter is used as the water used for the watering.榾 Cultivation Method. (2) When watering the container-cultured mycelium, the mycelium is
The method for cultivating artificial shiitake mushrooms according to claim 1, which is carried out for at least an initial 10 days while maintaining a temperature of 28°C. (3) The shiitake mycelial growth promoter in the aqueous solution containing the shiitake mycelial growth promoter contains at least one substance selected from the group consisting of a substance having an antibacterial effect, a substance regulating hydrogen ion concentration, and a substance serving as a nutritional source for the shiitake mycelium. A method for cultivating artificial shiitake mushrooms according to claim 1 or 2, which is a substance. (4) Substances with antibacterial effects include sodium hypochlorite, salad powder, sugar ester, zorpic acid, thiabendazole, propylene glycol, propionic acid, streptomycin, and dithianone (Merckderan wettable powder)
and a benomyl agent (penlate hydrating agent). (5) The substance that adjusts the hydrogen ion concentration is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, citric acid, fumaric acid, lactic acid, acetic acid, humic acid, phosphate, sulfate and nitrate, and potassium salt. A method for cultivating artificial shiitake mushrooms according to claim 3. (6) The shiitake mushroom according to claim 3, wherein the substance that serves as a nutritional source for the shiitake mycelium is at least one compound selected from monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, salts containing various elements, vitamins, and minerals. Artificial grass cultivation method.