JPS6368259A - Manufacture of refractory mounting part - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to refractory structures, and relates to metallurgical vessels such as casting ladles and tundishes.
) and as refractory structures for use in outlet control devices for such vessels, especially sliding gate nozzle devices. Although the invention is described with particular reference to steel casting, the refractory fittings according to the invention have application in casting other metals that experience significant wear due to their high melting points or corrosion resistance. Such a device comprises a two-part fireproof plate 1- in the plate I forming the discharge passage, which plate is positioned outside the container parallel to the outlet orifice of the container, e.g. the outer shell of the container. the apparatus further comprises a movable refractory sliding plate forming a discharge passageway, the sliding plate being arranged to move between an open position and a closed position. Ori,
In the open position the discharge passages of the two plates are aligned, and in the closed position the movable plate closes the discharge passage of the fixed plate. The movement of the movable plate is a rotational movement, but preferably a straight sliding movement. One type of such device has a fixed upper plate and a movable lower plate. Such a device is referred to herein as a two-plate sliding gate nozzle device. The movable plate is preferably mounted movably within the metal casing and has an outlet nozzle or can cooperate with an outlet nozzle movably mounted in the metal casing. Other types of such devices have a movable plate installed to move between an upper and a lower fixed plate, thus facing substantially parallel, and the lower fixed plate having an outlet. or work with it. Such a device is called a three-plate sliding gate nozzle device. Conventional refractory plates and nozzles for use in such equipment are made by pressing a mass of refractory particles, then firing it at high temperatures, and then drilling exit passages. Fire resistant fittings of the type described above are exposed to widely varying thermal stresses during use. On the one hand, such refractory fittings are exposed to very high temperatures during injection, at which the metal exhibits a predominant corrosive effect on the refractory material. On the other hand, such refractory fittings are subjected to an unusually severe and rapid thermal shock at the beginning of the injection, which thermal shock results in considerably high mechanical stresses due to thermal expansion. For both of these reasons, known fire-resistant fittings of the type considered have a short service life. For example, the average replacement plate is after only two injections, which represents a total casting time of, for example, only two hours. According to the invention, a refractory structure is provided which can be used in a fixing plate or a slide plate closure of a sliding gate nozzle or as a sleeve brick or nozzle brick at the outlet from a metallurgical vessel, which refractory structure comprises: A)
B) a body of cast refractory concrete material forming at least one discharge passageway through the body and B) located within or forming one or more surfaces of the body and mechanically interlocking with the refractory concrete; at least one reinforcing element, preferably a metallic reinforcing element, in close contact with the refractory concrete over the entire surface parallel to the refractory; or C) means for forming at least one duct for the working fluid in the body; or D) a refractory A discharge channel formed by an insert of material embedded in concrete and having better wear resistance than fire-resistant concrete, or A), B) and C), or A
), B) or C) and I) ) or A), B),
Consists of C) and D). Metal reinforcing elements are mechanically interlocked with fire-resistant concrete. This measure applies not only to the arrangement in which the cast concrete and the reinforcing elements are such that the combination cannot be separated without destroying one or the other of the elements, and if the reinforced plate is actually used, at least the plate It is to be understood that the arrangement is such that the combination is at least operative in resisting separation of the components as far as shear forces in the principal planes of are concerned. Thus, when the structure is in the form of a plate of a sliding gate nozzle, the structure is held compressed in use both on its edges and on its opposite major surfaces. It is therefore only essential that the mechanical interlock be sufficient to resist separation of the cast concrete body from the reinforcing element in a direction parallel to the main plane of the plate. However, an arrangement is preferred in which the components are attached such that they do not separate from each other. It is an object of a first aspect of the invention to provide a fire-resistant fitting with an extended service life. The present invention
This objective is achieved by making the refractory part of refractory concrete and by forming at least one duct in the refractory concrete for circulating the working medium, for example a heating fluid or a cooling fluid. In a first aspect of the invention, a refractory fitting is provided with one or more ducts or a system of ducts in a desired formation and distribution, thereby reducing the temperature shock within the material of the refractory component. It is possible to introduce a heating or cooling fluid into the interior of the part, which avoids or reduces the occurrence of high temperatures. By suitably controlling the supply of heating and cooling fluids, it is possible, for example, to raise the temperature of the refractory fitting before the start of injection to a large extent to eliminate damage to the material due to thermal shock at the start of injection. During injection, temperature peaks that would otherwise occur on the walls of the passages can be reduced to acceptable levels by introducing refrigerant for a suitable period of time. In this way, on the one hand, the temperature change can proceed gradually, and on the other hand, the temperature peaks to which the refractory part is exposed can be limited to a level that increases the service life of the refractory part. In a preferred form of the invention, the refractory structure is in the form of a plate, the discharge passage is transverse to the main plane of the plate, and the duct is at least partially, preferably substantially, relative to the main plane of the plate. parallel to each other. Preferably, the ratio of the maximum longitudinal dimension of the sliding surface of the plate to the minimum thickness of the plate is from 25:1 to 7.5:1, more preferably from 20:1 to 10:1, especially from 15:1 to 10:1. It is in the range of 1. In a preferred form of the invention, the duct is twisted. The term "twisted duct 1-J" encompasses ducts which undergo a change of direction in their passage starting from the inlet opening into the body of the duct and exiting from the outlet opening of the body. These ducts may have circular or non-circular , can have, for example, a rectangular, egg-shaped or other cross-section. Some parts of the duct can be curved, other parts can be straight, and these can be arranged at angles, for example at right angles to each other. The duct can be formed from metal, ceramic or other heat-resistant tubing contained in a refractory fitting. Preferably, at least the inlet of the duct is formed with a metal insert to connect the duct to the supply means for the working fluid. In another aspect of the invention, the refractory fitting is a two-part construction, preferably split in a dividing plane parallel to its main plane, one of each component of the plate joining the other. When combined with the plate component or cover of 1
or includes one or more ducts with one open side such that the open sides of two or more ducts are closed. The cover is preferably in line with the surface of the plate, which may have parallel major planes. Preferably, the inner edge of the cover is spaced apart from the edge of the discharge opening. It can be made of refractory material, for example ceramic or steel. One or more duct openings can be present in the cover. Alternatively, the inlet and outlet apertures can be formed in the sides or edges of the plate. Preferably, at least the inlet opening of the duct is formed with a metal insert to facilitate connection of the duct to a gas or fluid supply means. The fire-resistant fittings of the present invention can be manufactured by pouring fire-resistant concrete into a suitable mold, and the means for determining one or more ducts of a desired cross-section are determined by pouring the fire-resistant concrete into the mold before pouring the fire-resistant concrete. Place it in the desired position. The means used to form the duct or ducts can, if necessary, be of a temporary nature;
For example, they can be made of combustible materials, such as paper or synthetic plastic materials, whereby these can be removed by heating before the fire-resistant fittings are used for the first time, or their removal during their first use is difficult. l
- It can be such that it does not cause cross-sectional shrinkage. Alternatively, the means may consist of a removable solid material, where the material has the desired shape of the duct and is removed after the refractory part has been cast (as a mold core). and, for example, this means can consist of a combustible material, such as paper or a synthetic plastic material, so that it can be removed by heating before the first use of the fire-resistant fitting, or it can be removed during the first use. The removal may be such that it does not result in shrinkage of the duct cross section. Alternatively, this means may consist of a removable solid material, which has the desired shape of the duct, is placed in a mold (as a core) and removed after casting the refractory part, for example by heating. , and this means is made, for example, in the form of a core of a low melting point alloy, such as a soot alloy or rose metal. This method has the advantage that it is easy to create ducts with non-circular cross sections. Alternatively, the duct or ducts can be formed from refractory metal or ceramic tubes or pipes. Preferably, the duct is shaped to surround the discharge passage across the slide plate in a circle of at least 180°, preferably 360°. In plates with symmetrically arranged discharge passages, the duct runs in an arc of 180° around the discharge passage from at least the center, preferably from the far end of the plate, and then preferably again at least in the middle, preferably at the same end of the plate. It is advantageous to extend back to the end. The artificial openings into the ducts surrounding the discharge passage are preferably arranged tangentially to the circle to facilitate the circulation of the working fluid, which may be a heating fluid or a cooling fluid. The heating fluid and cooling fluid are preferably gases. Advantageously, the heating fluid is a combustion gas, whereas the coolant is compressed air. The present invention also contemplates a conditioning method, in particular a method for conditioning a sliding plate in a sliding gate nozzle of a vessel containing molten metal, which method cools a heating fluid and/or a cooling fluid into at least one sliding plate contained in the sliding gate nozzle of a vessel containing molten metal. Characterized by circulation in ducts. The present invention also provides a fireproofing device comprising a gas permeable insert for use in or with a container for containing molten metal itself, and in particular for use as an emission control means for a container for containing molten metal. Regarding structures. Refractory structures with gas-permeable inserts are described, for example, in DE 1935 401, DE 2019 550 and DE 2218
It is described in No. 155. The purpose of the gas-permeable insert is, for example, to introduce a major volume of gas under pressure into the space or cross section provided for the discharge of molten metal. When such a gas-permeable insert is installed in a conventional fired refractory plate nozzle, it must be placed in a pre-drilled hole, especially during manufacturing and fixing in that hole. and presents considerable difficulties in the proper arrangement of the gas supply means. The aim of the present invention is to eliminate these drawbacks and to provide more simply a refractory component of the kind considered above.1 In the present invention, this aim is to eliminate gas permeability in the refractory concrete forming the refractory component. This is achieved by embedding an insert. The gas-permeable porous a insert is preferably embedded directly into the body of refractory concrete, for example by pouring the refractory concrete around the insert and shaking it. Ducts for the working fluid communicating with the gas permeable insert can be formed in the refractory concrete. However, if necessary, the insert may be prepositioned in a metal enclosure, leaving an air gap between the inner surface of the insert and the body of the refractory concrete, and providing a gas supply means, for example a duct cast in the concrete. can be made to open into this cavity. Preferably, the duct extends to the distal end face of the component. Sleeve containing central metal discharge passage (nozzle brick)
or in the case of a fixed plate of a two-plate sliding gate nozzle, the gas-permeable insert extends against the wall of the metal discharge passage across that part and encloses the entire circumference of this passage, thus making itself It is advantageous to form the walls of this passage. In a sliding plate for a two-plate sliding gate nozzle (i.e. consisting of one fixed plate and one movable plate), the gas permeable insert is preferably located in the sliding plate 1 and with the top surface of the sliding plate. in a straight line, so that when the gate is idle it lies below the discharge passage of the fixed plate. The insert can be supplied with gas via a duct extending from one end or side wall of the plate or from the bottom of the plate. When the inlet is at the bottom of a three-plate sliding gate (i.e. having two fixed plates and a sliding gate between them), the gas supply to it is via the duct 1- in the lower fixed plate. It can be carried out. This duct is preferably formed in a plate of cast refractory concrete as described above. The use of gas-permeable inserts embedded in the refractory component of 2- or 3-play 1-type sliding gate nozzles made from refractory concrete makes it impracticable due to the metal connection of the discharge passage above the closed veriplate. This is particularly important to prevent at gates. The gas used is preferably an inert gas, such as argon or nitrogen. A gas-permeable or porous insert is embedded in the refractory part made of refractory concrete, for example by pouring concrete around this insert, optionally by packing it with concrete by operations such as shaking. The form of the structure according to the invention forms a significantly more reliable bond between the gas permeable insert and the refractory concrete, which surprisingly reduces the gas permeability of the porous insert to the gas permeable insert. There is no significant decline. The gas-permeable insert and the duct for the working fluid can be located on the metal plate which is in line -iα with the lower surface of the sliding or central plate. The working fluid can be routed to the gas-permeable insert through an opening in the metal plate present at the bottom of the sub-plate, which communicates with a groove in the upper surface of the bottom fixing plate, which allows the external gas to Can be connected to supply pipe. Alternatively, the working fluid can be routed to the gas permeable insert via an opening in the top surface of the sliding plate, which opening communicates with a groove in the bottom surface of the upper fixed plate, which groove connects the external gas supply pipe. Can be connected to. The length and position of the grooves are such that when the insert is in the use position in the metal discharge passageway, the closing movement of the sliding plate 1- allows gas to enter the gas permeable insert through the grooves, and that the gas permeable insert is removed from the discharge passageway. Preferably, it is calculated and positioned so that the gas supply is cut off by the opening movement of the sliding plate when the discharge passage is retracted and the discharge passage is open to discharge molten metal. The scope of the invention also extends when the refractory component is in the form of a brick lining sleeve or nozzle brick for the recess of a metallurgical vessel. The gas permeable insert is itself in the form of a sleeve and can be embedded in the center of the sleeve. The gas permeable insert is preferably inserted into a metal plate enclosure in the form of a sleeve before being implanted, thus leaving a gap between the outer periphery of the insert and the inner surface of the metal enclosure, this gap being Serves as a gas distribution chamber. i Su-+XfCl+r11-) (-ΔnRl-)
'2-/I+1-1-1ノJl'/Fl
Regarding the mountain 11 construction method, in this method the concrete pouring mold consists of an external shape and a central core for holding the gas permeable insert in the desired position within the mold. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a jacket matching the shape of the shape and consisting of a flame-retardant felt is introduced into the shape before the start of the injection and then firmly bonded to the refractory component. Preferably, the gas permeable insert is soaked with water before concrete pouring. As mentioned above, the present invention relates to a sliding gate nozzle for vessels for containing molten metal, in particular steel casting ladle and tundish for continuous casting of steel. In such sliding gate nozzles, thermal stresses (ie mechanical stresses due to differences in thermal expansion) often occur and are very difficult to correct. Furthermore, a high propulsion force is generated. These combine to create severe bending and tensile stresses that the refractory material of the nozzle plate cannot withstand. This situation differs from the situation in which the refractory components and parts are loaded purely statically, as occurs in furnace walls or roofs. It is fairly easy to adjust the possible thermal stresses and strains here. Tensile stresses can be largely avoided and no dynamic propulsion forces occur. In conventional gate nozzles, the aforementioned severe stresses are actually absorbed by embedding the refractory material in a densely packed mortar layer of the metal support structure of the gate, which is connected to the refractory plate and the support structure. Create a dense surface that covers everything that comes into contact with the artifact. This generally accepted solution to the problem is technically satisfactory if it is properly applied. However, this requires skilled handwork, and the functional reliability of the gate depends on this work being performed repeatedly and with uniform accuracy. The dependence of this operational safety on purely human factors is a major drawback, considering the roughness of replacing the fittings of the sliding gate and the risk of steel leakage. Another factor is that the service life of the refractory material located in the mortar is relatively short, particularly in the case of the orifice plate used to control the sliding gate nozzle as described above. The object of this aspect of the invention is to provide a sliding gate nozzle for a vessel for containing molten metal, in which the aforementioned disadvantages are alleviated, at least in severity. The invention relates in this aspect to a sliding gate nozzle for a vessel for containing a metal melt, which sliding gate nozzle consists of at least one fixed plate and one movable plate, at least one of these plates in combination with two support frames, each plate having an orifice through which the metal melt passes, and at least the movable plate consists essentially of refractory concrete 1, and on its side facing away from its sliding surface is made of metal without the use of mortar. reinforcement is embedded, which is anchored to the sliding plate so that tension, compression or shear forces cannot be transferred, and the sliding plate itself is inserted into the supporting frame without the use of mortar. The movable support frame and the reinforcement are likewise characterized in that they have elements that transmit propulsion forces when the gate is operated. The reinforcement preferably consists of a metal sheet or metal plate on which the element is rigidly attached and protrudes from its main plane, the element sliding against a tensile, breaking or thrusting force and applying the reinforcement to the plate. Fix it so that it does not displace. The elements projecting from the main plane of the reinforcement can be tabs formed integrally with the metal sheet or metal plate of the reinforcement and can be bent to surround the sides and ends of the sliding plate. Alternatively, the elements projecting from the main plane of the reinforcement can be bent portions from the reinforcement plate itself. In another alternative, the elements projecting from the major plane of the reinforcement are indentations or wrinkles formed in the sheet metal reinforcement or reinforcement plate; and the elements projecting from the plane are the sheet metal reinforcement. or protrusions such as pins welded to the reinforcement plate.6 Additionally, in another alternative, the metal sheet reinforcement or reinforcement plate can be perforated. The elements transmitting the propulsion forces generated when operating the gate can consist of contacts or high points on both sides of the discharge path of the molten metal through the support frame, said contacts being formed by shoulders formed by reinforcements. Collaborate with. The contact on the support frame can extend transversely to the direction of movement of the sliding plate and can consist of ribs extending a distance corresponding to the width of the sliding plate, each of which is connected to a field correction formed by a reinforcement. Work with your shoulders. The element on the support frame that transmits the propulsion force generated during operation of the gate may consist of a pin provided at least at one point spaced apart from the discharge path of the molten metal, the pin being provided with a reinforcement of the sliding plate. It engages with the socket 1 of the material. The reinforcement may rest on three, preferably six, support contacts on the facing surface of the support frame. Preferably at least three, preferably four, supporting contacts are arranged symmetrically at a certain distance around the molten metal discharge passage, so that the slip plate remains in the area surrounding the orifice. It can be bent somewhat freely in the axial direction. The reinforcement comprises an aperture in the area of the discharge path of the molten metal through the sliding plate, which aperture preferably has a diameter of the orifice, e.g.
It has a diameter that exceeds. The invention may be implemented in many ways and certain specific embodiments will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 and 2 illustrate a central plate 112 of a conventional three-plate sliding gate nozzle assembly. Other parts of the device are not shown, as sliding gates are known per se. [+
152. In another arrangement (shown by dashed line 153), ducts 1-15
0 may extend further around the discharge passage 106. In yet another arrangement, duct openings 151 and 15
2 can be formed at one end of the plate 112, preferably at the end where the v1 mechanism for actuating this plate is located. The duct 150 is preferably formed in the upper half of the plate 112, i.e. the half facing the metal melt, for example at a height equal to 2.0 to 50% thickness of the plate, measured from the upper surface 141 of the plate 112. . Plate 112 is made of refractory concrete, the suitable composition of which is given in Examples 1.2 and 3 below. The duct 150 is formed, for example, by placing a steel pipe in a mold and pouring refractory concrete around the pipe, then allowing it to set for, for example, 12 hours, then removing it from the mold and leaving it completely at room temperature for an additional 48 hours. Let it harden. Instead of providing steel pipes, consumable materials can be used to form the ducts. Thus, it is possible to use tubes made of cardboard or synthetic plastic materials that burn out when starting the casting. Alternatively, a core of a low melting point metal, such as CERI (BEND) - an alloy of tin, or rose metal, can be used. This has the advantage that non-circular ducts of arbitrary cross-section, for example rectangular or egg-shaped, can be easily made. The Cerobend material can be removed by applying heat, for example during drying of the plate. The alloy will then melt and flow away. This method is facilitated by blowing low pressure steam into the duct. The discharge channel 106 can be drilled into the hardened concrete 1 with a diamond tool, or preferably this channel can be cast during the pouring of the concrete by installing a removable core, so that this channel can be formed into a cylindrical shape 11. Power, 7-mA-
, "/71.l', l + 2/71fk% in 1 + Z, so it can have a divided structure. Figures 3 and 4 show the cooling duct or heating duct 1- 1.
50 and a perforated or gas permeable insert 156. The plate 112 is a secondary portion, that is, a main body component 160.
and a cover plate 161 from which the duct is separated. First, the main body component 160 is manufactured by pouring concrete into a mold for forming the duct 150 as described in FIGS. 1 and 2. In this case, for the cover 161, an open groove and a forming serrated ledges 162 and 163; ledge 163 joins another chamfered portion 164 for the purpose of forming a gas distribution chamber surrounding porous gas permeable insert 156; deeper into the body component portion 160. The height of the insert 1-156 is preferably somewhat less than the depth of the ledge 163 so that a gap 167 remains between the cover 161 and the inner surface of the insert 156. Cover 161 can be made separately from the same material as body component 160 and glued in place with the same refractory concrete (designated 168). This cover 161 can be strengthened by casting a metal plate into it. Alternatively, steel, preferably stainless steel, may be used for certain applications where differences in thermal expansion are not very significant. The exhaust passage 106, inlet 151 and outlet 152 can be made in the same manner as described with respect to FIGS. 1 and 2. Alternatively, they can be drilled into the body component 160 with a diamond drill. Preferably, external valve means are provided to allow gas, such as air or nitrogen, to enter through inlet 151 and exit through outlet 152 when the sliding gate is open, and to permit gas to enter through inlet 151 and exit through outlet 152 when the slide gate is open.
is prevented from escaping through the exit 152 by an upper stationary plate (not shown) and in the closed position of the gate.
Close and insert gas, preferably argon 15
6, from which it escapes via a discharge passage in the upper stationary plate, allowing molten metal to enter. In another aspect, the inlet and outlet openings are arranged at 170 and 17.
1, formed in the lid 161 and placed back through a groove in communication with the gas supply means and suitably located in the bottom stationary plate (not shown). Such an arrangement will be described in further detail in connection with FIGS. 9-11. The particular shape for the outlet of this arrangement is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. In this case, plate 1]
An outlet 171 from 2 is formed in the lid 161 and led to the outside across the underside of the plate 112. The outlet 171 communicates with a stepwise groove 172 present in the upper surface of the bottom stationary plate 111. When the center plate 112 is in the casting position (open position), one end 173 of the groove 172 extends beyond the edge of the plate 12 so that the hot gases from the duct 150 are directed to the end of the groove 172 in the bottom plate 111. You can escape from 173. At the same time, the length of groove 172 is such that when plate 1-112 moves from its open position to its closed position, groove 172
2, and the gas inside the duct 150 is forced into a porous or gas permeable insert)-156
to enter the melt in the metallurgical vessel. This structure clearly has the advantage of simplicity and automatic gas control compared to the arrangements of FIGS. 3 and 4. Figures 7 and 8 show variations on the structure of Figures 1 and 2;
A porous or gas permeable insert 156 is included. In this arrangement, the central plate 112 has an insert 175 made of a common ceramic material or steel (regular or stainless steel) at the longer end of the plate 1.
Included in 42. This facilitates the installation of the parts required for the gas supply joint or acts as a support for the porous insert 156 and as a core for the duct 150 during the manufacture of the plate. Both the support and the core may be fixed to the plate 112 with mastic, for example, extending therebetween near the conduit 106, or in other forms of construction as shown at 153. Dak l-1,50 is flat and play 1-1.1.2
- 2 of the thickness of the plate 112 away from the surface 141
Exists between 0 and 80%. The porous insert 15G is rectangular and is placed between the arms of the duct t□ 150. In this type of WI construction, the above-mentioned CERROF3END
materials can be used. Inser)-175 is located at the bottom of the mold and defines the shape of the duct 150CF, RRO)3E
The porous inserts 1 to 156 are positioned between the arms of the duct so as to form a core of the CE RRORE N I) material or to prevent penetration into the porous insert 156 of the refractory concrete. Concrete is then poured into this mold. After the casting has solidified, it is removed and cured, the CERROBEND material is removed by heating or by spraying with steam. Discharge passage] Q6 is formed as described above, and play 1,
σ)l-Then, I put the face into place and put it into place.

[Let's stand up. 9-11 show other structures of the three-plate sliding gate. In this structure, the central plate 112 and the bottom stationary plate 111 have somewhat different structures. A porous insert 156 is located in the longer portion of the central plate 112 and is supplied with gas from a pipe 180 through an upwardly recessed opening 181 in the insert 1-156. Insert 156 and pipe 180 are located on metal plate 182. Metal plate 1-182 has an aperture 188, which aperture 1
88 is a corresponding downward opening 1 at the end of the pipe 180;
Facing eight. A metal pipe 184 is installed laterally within plate 112 and between insert 156 and discharge passage 106 and has a downwardly directed inlet 185 and outlet 186. The inlet 185 is a duct 184a and the outlet 186 is a duct) 18
4b and these ducts 184a and 184b
has an opening on the lower surface of the plate 112. As is clear from Figs. 10 and 11, two grooves 190 and 191 are formed in the bottom plate (11). It is covered by the bottom surface of 112,
It acts as a gas duct. Groove 190 extends from a metal or ceramic inlaid element 192. Element 192 acts as an entrance to the end of plate 111. In plate 111, groove 190 extends from plate 1-1.
It communicates with a lateral groove 193 extending only about half the width of 11. The other groove 191 extends from the point where groove 193 faces outlet 194 . In the open position of plates 111 and ]12, cold gas flows through opening 192, groove ]90 and opening ]84a into the cooling tube 184, from where it enters at the other end via opening 184b and groove 191 into outlet 1911. , : The hot gas that has cooled the plate is freely and safely blown out into the atmosphere. When plates 111 and 112 are in the closed position (corresponding to left-to-right movement of sliding plate 112), opening 188 communicates with groove 198 and gas flows through inlet 19.
2 through the insert 156, the pipe 180
is located. pipe] 84 is closed in this position. 12 and 13, central plate 112 has a central flat duct 260. In FIGS. This Dak l-260
reaches near the discharge passage 106 from one end of the plate 112, where two egg-shaped ducts)-26, 1 and 26
These ducts surround the discharge passage 106 and have an outlet at the other end of the plate 112. The burner nozzle 264 (manah air lance) is a flat duct 2
60, so that the plate 1]2 is heated with hot combustion gas. When using air lances, plates 1-112 may be cooled by compressed air blown into the plates. [Although not shown, the preferred construction is such that the inlet opening into the duct is in tangential communication with one or more ducts to provide circulation of the heating or cooling fluid.] -6z Product IJ 'J l↓
1*k fi-IJL/) hl
It is particularly useful when t-zh J/ )rl surrounds the discharge passage. Examples of fireproof concrete are described below. Such refractory concrete can be used for the production of the aforementioned fittings and refractory parts with gas-permeable inserts, in particular sliding gate nozzle parts associated with vessels holding molten metal. Example 1 An 80 weight percent aggregate containing 40 weight percent Al2O, with a grain size of 0 to 5 mm, was mixed with 20 weight percent fused alumina cement having a 40 weight percent Al2O content. ,
Add 12 parts of water to each 100 kg of dry mixture. For the manufacture of the mounting parts, this mixture is poured into molds and packed, if necessary by shaking. After sufficient hardening, the concrete section is removed from the mold and stored for hardening and drying. Example 2 80% Guynna bauxite containing 88% by weight Al2O, with a particle size of 0-5 mm, was mixed with 20% Guynna bauxite containing 70% by weight Al2O5.
Mixed with alumina cement, dry mixture 100kFK
Add 101 parts of water. This mixture is further processed as described in Example 1. However, when plates are used to cast steel that has a melting point of 1500°C or higher and the casting temperature is 50 to 60°C higher than the melting point, the conditions that the plate must withstand are extremely severe and even more reliable. In order to ensure sexual work, special compositions must be used. These conditions consist of extremely severe mechanical and chemical corrosion shocks to the edges of the discharge passages of the plates, as well as extreme thermal shocks, with the temperature of the plates at the start of injection being only 200-300°C. Under such extremely severe conditions, 5-8% by weight of alumina cement 1-. 2.5-4% by weight of powdered refractory material (particle size smaller than 50 microns, preferably smaller than 1 micron), such as kaolin, bentonite, fine silica, fine alumina, fine magnesia, fine chromite or fine Phusterite I・,0.01~0.
30 by weight of an alkali metal phosphate, alkali metal polyphosphate, alkali metal carbonate, alkali metal carboxylate or alkali metal humate, an agent effective for increasing the flowability of a composition, and 87 .7 to 92% by weight of at least one refractory aggregate, preferably with a particle size of: not exceeding 30 mm, preferably all passing through a 10 mm mesh sieve, and about 25% passing through a 0.51 mesh sieve. It is preferable to use a fire-resistant concrete containing a refractory aggregate containing 9 refractory aggregates such as high-potential fireclay, bauxite, sillimanite, anglesite, corundum, tabular alumina, silicon carbide, magnesium, chromite or zircon, or It can consist of a mixture thereof. Examples of such concrete are: Example 3 87.8-92% by weight of tabular alumina with particle size 0-6I was combined with about 80% by weight Al2O, 2,5-4 grain size fine alumina and 0.01-0.3% by weight. Mix with 5-8% by weight alumina cement containing alkali metal polyphosphate. Add 51 parts of water per 100 kg of dry mixture. This mixture can be poured into molds and filled by shaking. Figures 11 and 15 show a refractory concrete sliding or central plate 1 of a three-brake type sliding gate nozzle device in which a gas permeable insert 156 is embedded.
12 is shown. The insert 156 is comprised of a coarse-grained mass of corundum or mullite sintered with a low-strength binder and contains at least 100 nanoperm.
It can be a porous body exhibiting a gas permeability of . The main component of the sliding plate 112 is a rectangular central window 2.
01 is a pressed or cast body 200. Considering that the filling (from the time of filling to the time of completely emptying the container) is relatively short, this body is heated to a relatively low temperature, e.g. when casting steel). For this reason, this body 20
It is not always necessary to make the 0 out of refractory material. More importantly, it is particularly dimensionally stable and insensitive to temperature shocks of the direct type, so that this body 200 is durable relative to the actual gate portion of the Veriplate 112. The key is to choose a material that can act as a framework. The window 201 encloses a member 202, which is attached to the main body 2.
It has the same thickness as 00, but has a slight gap within the window 201 to facilitate replacement. The member 202 has a chamfered lip 203 and an injection cylindrical sleeve 205 forming an evacuation passage 106 for the metal passing through the bellows plate. This sleeve can be made from high quality materials such as zircon or tungsten without appreciably increasing the cost of six-sided plates, which can be manufactured by pressing and firing or casting highly refractory blocks. , the advantage of this is that the shape of the two-dimensional sleeve can be standardized, and this sleeve will constitute only a small portion of the total volume of the plate. The member 202 is made of refractory concrete of a nature chosen taking into account the aggressiveness of the molten metal in question. In most cases, the concrete described in Example 3 will satisfy the requirements in this case. If member 205 is preferably used, member 202 may be made from a lower quality material, such as those described in Examples 1 and 2. Member 202 includes a gas permeable insert 156 embedded therein. Insert 156 is metal plate 18
Supported by 2. Metal plate 182 has opening 1
88, the openings 188 communicating with the 18 openings at one end of the metal tube 180. The other end of metal tube 180 opens into distribution chamber 208 at the bottom of gas permeable insert 156 . Gas permeable insert 156, tube 180 and metal plate 182 are assembled and prior to pouring the refractory concrete.
Join or combine as shown at 209. Figures 16, 17 and 18 show a three-plate sliding gate nozzle arrangement in which the sliding plate 112 corresponds to the sliding plate of Figures 14 and 15. The lower fixed plate 111 is installed in a bed made of mortar 131' within the support frame 131. The metal discharge passage through this three-plate sliding gate nozzle arrangement is indicated generally at 106, with the sleeve lining the discharge passage omitted. The lower fixed plate 111 includes a groove 154 on its upper surface. This groove 154 is connected to a connecting gas pipe 15 for supplying gas to a supply duct 155 and a gas permeable insert 156.
Contact 7. When the gate is wide open as shown in FIG. 16, no gas can enter. However, when the gate is partially closed as shown in FIG. 17, the opening through which the gas enters is partially uncovered and some gas has already entered into the exhaust passageway 106. Finally, when the gate is fully closed as in FIG. 18, the gas supply opening is not completely covered and gas flows into the exhaust passageway 106 at maximum velocity. The groove 154 is thus located in the lower fixing plate 1-111 and its length is such that during the closing movement of the sliding sleeve 112, when the gas permeable insert 156 enters the discharge passage 106, the gas pipe 157, the gas duct 155, Groove 154
and gas permeable insert 15 for gas to pass through tube 180
6 and such that when the sliding plate 1 ] 2 is in the diagonal position, the supply of gas at full velocity to the gas permeable insert 156 is ensured. It is. FIG. 19 shows an embodiment of a 2-play 1 molded verigate nozzle device, in which the sliding plate 165
works with 16 fixed plates and 169 fixed plates.
contains a groove 177 on its lower surface, and in this groove 177 there is also a duct I-183 and 10 gas supply pipes.
This two-plate type sliding gate forms a metal discharge passageway 106. The sliding plate 165 includes a gas permeable insert 156 that receives and takes away gas via the duct 179 and the distribution chamber 178. The distribution chamber 178 is covered with a metal plate 178a. Gas is the first
6.Provided as in the case of the three-plate sliding gate in Figures 17 and 18. Fixed plate 1-169 is housed in mortar 176 within holder 174. Figures 20-22 illustrate a ninth embodiment of the invention in nozzle brick or sleeve application. FIG. 20 shows the bottom brick 54 of the vessel holding the molten metal.
The nozzle brick 212 is shown held in place within a layer of mortar 213. Alternatively, Mortar J? ! 213 can be replaced with a jacket of flame retardant felt or ceramic fiber material. For the purpose of the present invention: 1. It is particularly advantageous to fix the second jacket to a nozzle brick or sleeve 2 with a conical surface and pour concrete into it. The advantage achieved in this way is durability. Although providing a good seal, the jacket will not adhere to the inner wall of the bottom brick 54, so the sleeve 21
2 can be removed more quickly and easily without damaging the bottom brick 54, while the preformed connection between the jacket and the sleeve allows for accurate positioning of the sleeve and ease of the jacket 1 when removing the sleeve 212. Natori ensures both sushi and sushi. It is important that the sleeve 212 is made of refractory concrete. This is because in order to safely apply such a jacket, which forms a layer of constant thickness on the peripheral surface of the sleeve 212, precise tolerances in overall dimensions and angles must be observed in the fabrication of the sleeve. This is because it is necessary. This is ensured when using fireproof concrete. In the case of combustible materials, experience shows that such close tolerances can only be achieved by expensive subsequent machining. The refractory ceramic fibers and felt materials preferably have a thickness of 3 to 41 mm and a bulk of 170 to 210 kg/r.
n2, for example 192kg/rn2, fiber gauge approximately 3
~4 microns. This material can preferably be compressed to half its thickness. Approximately 1260 sliding gate nozzles
For use in casting metal melts at temperatures up to
of A + 20 :l. Approximately 1500
For higher temperatures up to 54°C, for example.
51% by weight 5in2.42.3% by weight Al2O3 and 3
．． Contains 2% by weight of Cr 203 and has a melting point of 1650°C
It is preferable to use a felt based on the above chromium aluminum silicate. Sleeve 212 includes a gas permeable insert 215;
This insert 215 is preferably a metal cylinder 21
6, this cylinder 216 leaves a gap creating a gas distribution chamber 217. The end of the cylinder 216 is well spaced from the metal discharge passageway 55 and protected by the insulating action of fireproof concrete. A gas duct 218 is provided, which can be formed by a cast length tube (not shown) or drilled into the brick. Then, the gas is passed through the pipe 21
9 to the porous insert. This tube 219
It is located between the bottom of the ladle and its brick lining and exits through the bottom 52 outside of the frame 58 of the plate. If preferred, tube 219 is connected to bottom 52 and fixation plate 67.
The sleeve 212 of FIG. 21, which may be located between the upper frame 58, can be produced in a mold 222 by injection with cores 220 and 221. The core 220 is introduced into the bottom of the inverted mold shape 222 and the metal sleeve 216 and insert 215 are inserted into the metal disk 2.
16a and save with the conical part 223 of the heart. When a refractory felt jacket is placed between the sleeve 212 and the nozzle brick to form a seal, a preformed conical felt jacket 213a is placed inside the shape. Core 221 is then positioned over one end of core 220. Refractory concrete is poured into the shape and finally the duct 1-218 is formed by drilling (see Figure 2). Figure 22 shows the preferred geometry of the gas permeable insert 1.
The sleeve for the -215 detail has a generally square cross-section with beveled edges to enable it to fit into the cylindrical sleeve 216. The four cavities thus formed are distribution chambers 217. Communication between some spaces is through peripheral grooves 224 and 225.
done by. Example 4 A gas permeable or porous insert for a sliding gate nozzle compatible with a casting ladle can be manufactured as follows. JJX material knee particle size 0.5-8+nm and 1-3a+m
High purity corundum. Sound binding material knee aj Clay containing Al201 of 43% or more - 5% by weight
(particle size O~0.25+nff1),
'? ++、Go −-'l L J-1""＞
〒-L, 1 ml Hill L up to 1% (50% aqueous solution). Bricks are made from this mixture at a rate of 500-600 Kp/cm
Packed under pressure of 2, then this packed mass was packed under 1600
Bake at ℃ for at least 4 hours. The physical properties of this brick are as follows. Gas permeability 500-700 nanopalms Cold compressive strength 250-350 K p /am'. Some general explanation may be helpful, porosity (visiting %) is defined as "Washburn
Determined using the J method. In this regard, it should be emphasized that the permeable pore volume is only a fraction of the total porosity. Gas permeability (according to DIN 51 058) is measured with nanobalm. 1 nanoperm is equivalent to 104 balms. A gas permeability of 1 perm is defined as a gas flow of /cc/c♂/perm forced through the lam thickness of a permeable object by a pressure difference of 1 dyne/d when the viscosity of the gas is 1 poise. Now, FIG. 23 will be explained. This drawing shows a movable sliding gate nozzle of the two-plate type for containing molten metal (63). As such sliding gates are known in the art, the fixed plate of this gate is not shown. The sliding plate 63 has an orifice 55 through which molten metal passes.
including. It is supported by a metal frame 64. The side of the sliding plate 63 that is away from the sliding surface is
It has a metal reinforcement 229 in the form of a flat metal sheet or flat metal plate. This reinforcement 229 traverses the entire underside of the underside plate 63 and is connected to the plate so that tension, compression or shear forces do not displace it. In order to transmit the propulsion force from the support frame to the sliding plate 63 that occurs when the gate is operated, the support frame 64 is formed with raised areas 232 and 233,
These cooperate with correspondingly shaped shoulders 230 and 231 formed by reinforcement 229. Support frame 64
The upper elevations 232 and 233 can be ribs extending transverse to the direction of movement of the slide plate 63, the length of these ribs being substantially equal to the width of the slide plate 63. It will be appreciated that the lengths and heights of these ribs or elevations 232, 233 are arranged to meet the requirements encountered in a particular sliding gate nozzle. 23rd
In the figure, high points 232 and 2 on support frame 64 are shown.
33 is located at a relatively short distance from the metal passage orifice 55, only relatively small deflections of the sliding plate 63 can occur in use. If it is desired that the sliding plate 63 bends more significantly, the heights 232 and 233 on the support frame 64 and the corresponding eyebrows 230 and 2 of the sliding plate 63
31 can be located further apart, and more particularly, as shown in FIG. Furubo 71 no 88 41-me 93 pine) 7') QQ
It will be seen that shoulders 230 and 231 of reinforcement 229 are in direct engagement when the sliding gate is operated. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 25 and 26, the reinforcement again consists of a flat metal seal (or flat metal plate) 235. This reinforcement extends over a larger portion of the underside of the slip play l-112 and includes an aperture 236 with a diameter greater than the diameter of the molten metal orifice 106. Preferably, the diameter of the opening 236 in the reinforcement 235 can exceed the diameter of the orifice 106 by an amount ranging from 120 to 300%, preferably from 140 to 200%. After all, when pouring the fireproof concrete 1 during the manufacturing of the suberiplate, the orifice 106 and the opening 1 of the reinforcing material
The gap between 36 and 36 will be filled with refractory concrete 1. In this way, reinforcement 235 will be well insulated from the roughened metal as the casting progresses. Six tabs 237 are formed on the reinforcing material 235,
These are integrally formed on the edges of the reinforcement and curve upwards to wrap around the sides and edges of the sliding plate from the outside. Figures 27, 28 and 29 show three variants of this type of reinforcement, in each case including an opening 236 with a diameter exceeding the diameter of the orifice 106, as described above. In the embodiment shown in Figure 27, the reinforcement consists of sections 238 and 239, which curve out of the general plane defined by the reinforcement. 25th and 2nd
In a manner similar to the tabs 237 in FIG. This fixing or mechanical interlocking occurs when the plates are manufactured from fireproof concrete by casting. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 28, the reinforcement includes indentations 240 that secure the reinforcement and the body of the sliding plate in a similar manner. In a variation of this embodiment, a drilled loop is used in place of the recess 240, allowing the concrete to form a transparent and straight bottom surface through the loop, thereby creating an interlock between the refractory concrete and the metal reinforcement. can be increased. In the embodiment shown in Figure 29, the only difference is that the reinforcement is perforated. Figure 30 shows a three-blade sliding gate nozzle;
In this sliding gate nozzle, the sliding plate is the second
5 and 26. Fixed plates 11.0 and 11 of the sliding gate nozzle
1 has a sheet metal reinforcement similar to sheet metal reinforcement 235, the top fixation plate 110 has the reinforcement on its top surface and the bottom fixation plate 111 has it on its bottom surface. 25 and 26 for each of the sheet metal reinforcement materials.
Tabs 237 are formed as shown in the figure, and these tabs 237 are embedded in the plate 11 while being recessed therein.
Wrap the sides and ends of 0.111 and 112 from the outside. The support frame 118 is associated with the upper fixed plate 110, and the support frame 131 is associated with the lower fixed plate 111. Both frames 118 and 131 are formed with a plurality of projections or support contacts 245 on their sides facing plates 110 or 111 against which the sheet metal reinforcement is supported. . Thereby, the fixed plays 1-110 and 111 are automatically and accurately installed without using mortar. If desired, sliding plates reinforced according to the invention can be made thinner than the thickness achieved by conventional pressed and fired plates. For example, length to thickness ratio greater than 15:1, e.g. 20:1 to 25
: 1. t, or even larger. 31 to 33 show a cast sliding plate 63,
This underside plate 63 is formed on its underside by 1-shaped sections 250 and 251 extending along both sides of the plate, and is formed by three welded structural plates 252, 25.
3 and 254, including collapsing and crisscross reinforcing elements combined by 3 and 254. FIG. 34 is a plan view of the slide plate 312, which includes a metal reinforcement similar to the slide plates described above, but which is not visible from above. Only the aperture 314 is visible, which is reinforced with a metal sheet in a manner described below in connection with Figures 35-39. Support elements 315, shown in broken lines, conveniently formed with suitable elevations or contacts, are provided on the side of the support frame (not shown here) facing the sliding plate. The reinforcing agent of the slide plate rests on these supporting contacts. As a result, the reinforced sliding plate 312 is suspended freely in the area of the discharge channel 106. The one-lever plate can thus be deformed to a certain extent under the action of the forces that occur during use. The manufacture of a sliding plate according to this aspect of the invention is described in the thirty-fifth article.
This will be explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. FIG. 35 shows a mold 401, in which a 37th
The prepared reinforcing material 402 shown in the figure is first placed in a predetermined position. In the case shown, the reinforcement 402 is attached to the cap 405
Consisting of a metal sheet (or plate >403) comprising a tubular metal insert 404 covered by a metal bottle or boss 406, welded to the sheet metal reinforcement 7103. bottle 40
6 creates a mechanical combination, thus reinforcing material 4
02 and the fireproof concrete 1 that constitutes the sliding plate are firmly fixed. In another preferred variation, the bin 406 is formed with a wide head, tongue or groove to increase the incorporation of the metal reinforcement into the refractory concrete. The bottom of the mold 401 includes a hole 407 through which the ejection device 4
08 and the finishing sliding plate can be ejected from the mold. This effect is illustrated diagrammatically in FIG. In the case shown in FIG. 35, the mold 401 is made for manufacturing sliding plates by pouring refractory concrete and packing it, for example by shaking. The mold 401 is filled with fireproof concrete 1~, scooped out from the edge of the mold 401, and machined parallel to the bottom of the mold 401. The purpose of the cap 105 is to strengthen the tubular container 40.
4, any suitable material, l! l) can become. However, if the cap were formed as welded onto the steel, it could also increase the mechanical engagement. FIG. 36 diagrammatically illustrates extruding the plate from the mold as soon as the concrete has first set, as previously described. The reinforcing sheet 402 acts as a support and prevents the sliding plate from sagging during storage and other processing (curing, drying, etc.). At the same time, mold 401 is thus immediately ready for further use. FIG. 38 is a side view of a portion of a conventional type of support frame 411. According to the invention, this support frame 411 is followed by a rigidly attached boss or stub 409, the diameter of which is calculated to fit snugly into the tubular insert 404 in the reinforcement 402. FIG. 39 shows a reinforced slide plate 413 for assembly with support frame 411. This reinforced metal sheet 402 rests on the disk 412,
This disk 412 absorbs vertical forces and transmits them through the support plate 411 in a direction not shown. Bosses 409 in the PIA 404 secure the slide plate within the support frame 411 against horizontal displacement, but do not prevent horizontal expansion. The boss 409 also absorbs the entire driving force of the sliding plate. The transmission of this boss 409 through the reinforcement 402 to the concrete component of the plate 413 is provided by the elevations, protrusions or stubs 406 and tubes 404. The disk-shaped support member 412 on the illustrated long side of the slide plate has at least one + on the short side, not shown, similar to contact 245 in FIG. 30 and contact 315 in FIG. 1 wide layer 1 mountain range addition 1
Soot In the embodiments described above, the resulting bending stresses are absorbed by the reinforcement. Similar to the embodiment according to FIG. 34, this provides the advantage that the spring plate, by bending, relieves the undesirable compressive stresses of thermal expansion caused by localized heating in the vicinity of the discharge passage of the molten metal. Additionally, the provision of these contacts allows the reinforcement to be moved to precise statically calculated positions. Furthermore, it must be mentioned that the boss 409 optionally has a central hole through which gas can be passed. Examples of fire-resistant concrete that can be used in the sliding gate nozzles described above are described in Examples 1.2 and 3 above. In the position variations of FIGS. 35-39, the support frame 4
A hole is drilled in 11 sized to receive tube 404 , and tube 404 extends downwardly through reinforcing element 402 to engage the hole in frame 411 . This tube can then be used as a working fluid inlet and can communicate with a working fluid duct within the plate.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional diagram of the center plate of the three-plate sliding gate nozzle device taken along line 1-1 in FIG.
A duct formed according to the first aspect of the invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the plate taken along line 1--2 in FIG. FIG. 3 is a second B diagram of a central plate according to the invention including formed ducts and porous inserts. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the plate of FIG. 3 taken along line IV-TV of FIG. 3; FIG. FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a modification of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 and 4 taken from line 1--V in FIG. 6; 6 is a cross-sectional view of the central plate taken along line Vl-VT in FIG. 5 and a plan view of the bottom plate of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5. FIG. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional diagram of the 31st temporary configuration of the central plate according to the present invention taken along line 1--1 in FIG. 8. FIG. 8 is a sectional view of the plate shown in FIG. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken from the vertical center line of a fourth embodiment of a portion of the central plate and bottom safety plate according to the present invention. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 9 taken along line XX in FIG. 9. FIG. FIG. 11 is a plan view of the top surface of the bottom stationary plate of type B shown in FIG. 9. FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional diagram along the line Xrl'-X■ in FIG. 13 of the fifth embodiment of the central plate in the three-brake one-type sliding gate nozzle device provided with a duct capable of direct heating. FIG. 13 shows the line XI[[-XI in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the plate shown in the figure. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional diagram of a sixth embodiment of a central plate of a three-brake type sliding gate nozzle device including embedded therein a gas permeable insert according to the invention; FIG. 15 is a plan view of the plate shown in FIG. 14. FIG. 16 shows a three-plate sliding gage of a container for holding a melt, showing a seventh embodiment of the central plate according to the invention, with a gas-permeable insert embedded in the plate shown in the open position; -1- It is a sectional view of a nozzle device. FIG. 17 is a sectional view corresponding to FIG. 16 showing the central or sliding plate in a partially closed position. FIG. 18 is a sectional view corresponding to FIG. 16 without showing the central sliding plate in the retracted position. FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view of the eighth aspect of the present invention, a two-plate sliding gate nozzle device having a sliding plate containing a gas permeable insert embedded therein. FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view of the ninth aspect of the invention, namely a nozzle comprising a gas-permeable insert in the metal discharge passage of a container for holding a metal melt. FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view of the gas permeable insert shown in FIG. 21 along line XXII--XXII of FIG. 21, in which the embodiment shown in FIG. 20 can be manufactured. FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional diagram of a tenth embodiment of the present invention, exemplified by a slip play I. containing metal reinforcement. FIG. 24 is a drawing similar to FIG. 23 showing a modified structure. FIG. 25 is a plan view showing the 11B embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 26 is a longitudinal sectional view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 25. FIG. 27 is a vI sectional view of the twelfth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 28 shows the thirteenth example of the present invention! It is a vertical cross-sectional view of @. FIG. 29 is a longitudinal sectional view of the fourteenth aspect of the present invention. FIG. 30 is a longitudinal sectional view of the fifteenth aspect of the present invention. FIG. 31 shows the 16th example of the present invention! It is a girder side view of @. FIG. 32 is a top view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 31. FIG. 33 is a sectional view taken along line xxxm-xxxm in FIG. 32. FIG. 34 is a view of the seventeenth embodiment of the invention from above; FIGS. 35 and 36 illustrate one method of manufacturing a sliding plate with metal reinforcement; and FIG. 37; Figures 38 and 39 show another method of manufacturing a suberi plate with metal reinforcement. 55...Discharge passage, 58...Frame, 63...
Sliding plate, 64... Frame, 67... Fixed plate, 106... Discharge passage, 110.111...
・Fixed plate, 112...Sliding plate, 13]
...Frame, 131'...Mortar, 118.
...Frame, 150...Duct, 151...Inlet opening, 152...Between outlets [1,154...Groove, 1
55...Duct, 156...Insert, 157.
...Gas pipe, 160...Main body, 165...Sliding plate, 167...Gap, 168...Fireproof cement, 169...Fixing plate, 170...Contains 1],
]71... exit, ]72..., groove, 175...
insert, 176... mortar, 177... groove, 178... distribution chamber, 178a... metal plate,
179...Duct, 182...Metal plate, ]8
3...Duct, 183a...Gas supply pipe, 184a
, 184b...Duct, 185...Inlet, 186...
...Exit, 188.189...Opening, 190,191
... Groove, 192... Opening, 193... Groove, 1
94... Outlet, 200... Main body, 205... Sleeve, 208... Distribution chamber, 212... Sleeve, 2
13... Mortar layer, 213a... To felt jacket 1, 216... Sleeve, 217... Distribution chamber,
218...Duct, 219...Pipe, 220,221
... Heart, 222 ... Mold, 224,225 ... Groove, 229 ... Reinforcement material, 230.231 ... Shoulder, 23
2,233... High place or rib, 235... Reinforcement material, 236... Opening, 237... Tab, 240...
Hollow, 245...Contact part, 250, 251° 252
．． 253.254...Reinforcement element, 260°261.2
62...Duct, 312...Sliding plate, 31
4... Opening, 315... Contact portion, 401... Mold,
402.403...Reinforcement material, 404...Container,
406... Projection, 407... Hole, 409... Boss, 411... Frame, 413... Sliding plate. Fig, Japanese Fig, 11 Fig, 17 Fig, 1B Fig, 31 Fig, 33

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A container containing molten metal, characterized in that a gas permeable porous insert is directly embedded in fireproof concrete by pouring fireproof concrete around it and optionally shaking. A method of manufacturing a fire-resistant fitting having a gas-permeable porous insert for sliding closure of a sealed container. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the gas pipe is embedded in fireproof concrete in the same way as a gas-permeable porous insert. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the embedded gas-permeable porous insert is supported by a metal plate. 4. Before embedding the gas-permeable porous insert, place it into a metal plate enclosure in the form of a sleeve, leaving a gap between the outer periphery of the insert and the inner surface of the metal enclosure, and fill this gap with gas. 4. The method according to claim 3, which is used as a distribution chamber. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the gas permeable porous insert is soaked with water before pouring the concrete.