JPS63256846A - Ultrasonic probe - Google Patents
Ultrasonic probeInfo
- Publication number
- JPS63256846A JPS63256846A JP9125487A JP9125487A JPS63256846A JP S63256846 A JPS63256846 A JP S63256846A JP 9125487 A JP9125487 A JP 9125487A JP 9125487 A JP9125487 A JP 9125487A JP S63256846 A JPS63256846 A JP S63256846A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sound pressure
- ultrasonic
- ultrasonic probe
- pressure intensity
- ultrasonic wave
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002592 echocardiography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001125046 Sardina pilchardus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019512 sardine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
この発明は、棒材、線材等の表皮下に存在する欠陥、介
在物等を超音波斜角探傷により検出する超音波探触子に
関するものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] This invention relates to an ultrasonic probe for detecting defects, inclusions, etc. existing under the skin of rods, wires, etc. by ultrasonic angle flaw detection. It is.
第２図は例えば超音波探傷法（昭和４９年日刊工業新聞
社発行）に示された従来の超音波探触子を示す図である
。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a conventional ultrasonic probe shown in, for example, Ultrasonic Flaw Detection Method (published by Nikkan Kogyo Shimbun in 1972).
第２図（ａ）ｌ”ｃ超音波探触子の断面図、第２図（ｂ
）は従来の超音波探触子による探傷波形図である。Fig. 2(a) Cross-sectional view of l”c ultrasonic probe, Fig. 2(b)
) is a flaw detection waveform chart using a conventional ultrasonic probe.
図において（１）は超音波探触子、（２）は超音波を送
受する振動子、（３）はプラスチック製の楔、（４）は
水。In the figure, (1) is an ultrasonic probe, (2) is a transducer that transmits and receives ultrasonic waves, (3) is a plastic wedge, and (4) is water.
油等から成る音響結合材、（５）は音圧強度の強いメイ
ンローブ、 ＋６１Ｈ音圧強度の弱いメインローブ。Acoustic coupling material made of oil etc. (5) is the main lobe with strong sound pressure intensity, +61H is the main lobe with weak sound pressure intensity.
（７）は被検材、αは被検材（７）に対する超央波の入
射角度、Ｃは被検材（７）の中心、（８）は探傷ゲルト
、ＢＱま音圧強度の弱いメインローブ（６）による底面
エコー、Ｇは超音波探触子（１）と被検材（７）とのギ
ャップ。(7) is the material to be tested, α is the incident angle of the ultrasonic wave to the material to be tested (7), C is the center of the material to be tested (7), (8) is the flaw detection gel, BQ is the main material with weak sound pressure intensity Bottom echo caused by the lobe (6), G is the gap between the ultrasonic probe (1) and the test material (7).
Ｔは送信パルスでおる。T is the transmission pulse.
従来の超音波探触子装置は上記のように構成されており
、被検材（７）の表皮下部分をできるだけ未探傷領域部
分を少なくして探傷検査を行うために。The conventional ultrasonic probe device is configured as described above, in order to perform flaw detection on the sub-epidermal portion of the material to be inspected (7) by minimizing the undetected area as much as possible.
斜角探傷法が使用されるのが一般的である。斜角探傷法
は、被検材（７）の中心Ｃを通る法線に対して所定の角
度αで超音波を入射させると、スネルの法則により入射
角度αに対応した屈折角が与えられるものである。The angle angle flaw detection method is generally used. In the angle angle flaw detection method, when an ultrasonic wave is incident at a predetermined angle α to the normal line passing through the center C of the test material (7), a refraction angle corresponding to the incident angle α is given according to Snell's law. It is.
振動子（２）から放射される超音波ビームには音圧強度
の強いメインローブ（５）と音圧強度の弱いメインロー
ブ（６）が存在する。The ultrasonic beam emitted from the transducer (2) has a main lobe (5) with a strong sound pressure intensity and a main lobe (6) with a weak sound pressure intensity.
特に、被検材（７）が丸棒材の場合には、振動子（２）
の端部から発生する音圧強度の弱いメインローブ（６）
が、被検材（７）に入射する点は被検材（７）の中心が
らずれるために１％に音圧強度の最大点より後方では超
音波の入射角度が著しく小さくなり、縦波超音波として
被検材（７）の中心Ｃ付近を伝播することがある。In particular, when the material to be tested (7) is a round bar, the vibrator (2)
Main lobe (6) with weak sound pressure intensity generated from the end of
However, since the center of the material (7) is shifted at the point of incidence on the material to be tested (7), the angle of incidence of the ultrasound becomes significantly smaller at 1% behind the maximum point of sound pressure intensity, and the longitudinal wave The sound wave may propagate near the center C of the test material (7).
上記条件に被検材（７）の外形寸法が小さいほど顕著と
なる。The above conditions become more pronounced as the external dimensions of the test material (7) become smaller.
上記に示すように音圧強度の弱いメインローブ（６）成
分が被検材（７）の中心Ｃに向ってほぼ垂直に入射する
と、縦波超音波として被検材（７）中を伝播することに
なる。一方、音圧強度の強いメインローブ（５）は被検
材（７）中を横波で伝播するように入射角度αが設定き
れている超音波探触子では、送信パルスＴ以降の時間は
全て被検材（７）の横波音速で超音波の伝播時間が設定
、あるいは計算されているため、音圧強度の弱いメイン
ローブ（６）成分による縦波超音波が底面エコーＢとし
て、音圧強度の強いメインローブ（５）の横波超音波が
被検材（７）の側面に１バウンドする時間より若干短い
時間で発生するため、常にノイズ成分として探傷ゲート
（８）に読み込まれ、 Ｓ／Ｎ比を悪化させる問題があ
った。As shown above, when the main lobe (6) component with low sound pressure intensity is incident almost perpendicularly toward the center C of the test material (7), it propagates through the test material (7) as a longitudinal ultrasonic wave. It turns out. On the other hand, in an ultrasonic probe where the incident angle α is set so that the main lobe (5) with strong sound pressure intensity propagates through the test material (7) as a transverse wave, the time after the transmitted pulse T is Since the propagation time of the ultrasonic wave is set or calculated based on the transverse sound velocity of the material to be tested (7), the longitudinal ultrasonic wave due to the main lobe (6) component with a weak sound pressure intensity becomes the bottom echo B, which increases the sound pressure intensity. Since the transverse ultrasonic wave of the main lobe (5) with a strong main lobe (5) is generated in a slightly shorter time than the time it takes for one bounce to the side of the material to be inspected (7), it is always read into the flaw detection gate (8) as a noise component, resulting in a high S/N ratio. There was a problem that worsened the ratio.
この発明は上記問題点を解決するためになされたもので
、音圧強度の弱いメインローブを被検材中に入射させな
いで８／Ｎ比の良い超音波探触子装置全得ることを目的
とする。This invention was made to solve the above problems, and its purpose is to obtain an ultrasonic probe device with a good 8/N ratio without allowing the main lobe, which has a weak sound pressure intensity, to enter the test material. do.
この発明による超音波探触子は、楔の音響結合体と接す
る面上において、音圧強度が最大となる点より後方面で
、音圧強度の最大点より一１０ｄＢ以下の音圧の全面に
わたり、超音波の吸収体を具備させたものである。The ultrasonic probe according to the present invention has a sound pressure of 10 dB or less from the maximum point of the sound pressure intensity over the entire surface on the surface of the wedge in contact with the acoustic coupler, on the rear side of the point where the sound pressure intensity is maximum. , which is equipped with an ultrasonic absorber.
この発明においては、′ＰＡの音響結合体と接する面上
において、音圧強度が最大となる点より後方面で、音圧
強度の最大点より一１０ｄＢ以下の音圧の全面にわたり
超音波の吸収体を具備させているため、振動子の端部か
ら発生する音圧強度の弱いメインローブは被検材には入
射しなくなる。したがって、探傷波形図においても、探
傷ゲート中に縦波超音波によるノイズ成分は発生しない
超音波探触子となり得る。In this invention, on the surface of the PA in contact with the acoustic coupler, on the rear surface of the point where the sound pressure intensity is maximum, ultrasonic waves are absorbed over the entire surface of the sound pressure of 10 dB or less from the maximum point of sound pressure intensity. Since the vibrator is provided with a body, the main lobe, which has a weak sound pressure intensity, generated from the end of the vibrator will not be incident on the specimen. Therefore, even in the flaw detection waveform diagram, it is possible to obtain an ultrasonic probe in which no noise component due to longitudinal ultrasonic waves is generated during the flaw detection gate.
第１図はこの発明の一実施例を示す超音波探触子を示す
図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an ultrasonic probe showing an embodiment of the present invention.
第１図（ａ）に超音波探触子の断面図、第１図（ｂ）は
この発明の超音波探触子による探傷波形図である。FIG. 1(a) is a cross-sectional view of an ultrasonic probe, and FIG. 1(b) is a flaw detection waveform diagram by the ultrasonic probe of the present invention.
図において（１）は超音波探触子、（２）は振動子。In the figure, (1) is an ultrasonic probe, and (2) is a transducer.
（３）は楔、（４）は音響結合材、（５）は音圧強度の
強いメインローブ、（６）は音圧強度の弱いメインロー
ブ、（７）は被検材、（８）は探傷ゲー）、（９１Ｆｉ
この発明による弾性体からなる吸収体、αは被検材（７
）への超音波入射角度、ｃＶｉ被検材（７）の中心、Ｔ
は送信パルス、Ｇは超音波探触子＋１１と被検材（７）
とのギャップである。(3) is a wedge, (4) is an acoustic coupling material, (5) is a main lobe with strong sound pressure intensity, (6) is a main lobe with weak sound pressure intensity, (7) is the test material, and (8) is flaw detection game), (91Fi
In the absorber made of an elastic body according to the present invention, α is the material to be tested (7
), the center of the cVi test material (7), T
is the transmitted pulse, G is the ultrasonic probe +11 and the test material (7)
There is a gap between
上記のように構成された超音波探触子においては、振動
子（２）から放射された超音波の音圧強度の強いメイン
ローブ（５）、および背圧強度の弱いメインローブ（６
）は楔（３）中を伝播し、音圧強度の強いメインローブ
（５）は被検材（７）の表面へと伝播される。In the ultrasonic probe configured as described above, the ultrasonic waves emitted from the transducer (2) have a main lobe (5) with a strong sound pressure intensity, and a main lobe (6) with a weak back pressure intensity.
) is propagated through the wedge (3), and the main lobe (5) with high sound pressure intensity is propagated to the surface of the test material (7).
一方、音圧強度の弱いメインローブ（６）は楔（３）に
設けられた吸収体（９）に到達し、吸収減衰される。又
。On the other hand, the main lobe (6) with low sound pressure intensity reaches the absorber (9) provided on the wedge (3) and is absorbed and attenuated. or.
被検＠（７）の表面へ伝播した音圧強度の強いメインロ
ーブ（５）は被検材（７）の中に所定の角度で入射し。The main lobe (5) with a strong sound pressure intensity propagates to the surface of the test object (7) and enters the test material (7) at a predetermined angle.
横波超音波として伝播するたけであるため、被検材（７
）の中心部Ｃに向って伝播する縦波超音波は存在しなく
なる。その結果、探鰯波形図においても。Since the ultrasonic wave only propagates as a transverse wave, the specimen material (7
) The longitudinal ultrasonic wave propagating toward the center C no longer exists. As a result, even in the sardine waveform diagram.
送信パルスＴ以降の探傷ゲート（８）内には縦波超音波
によるノイズエコーは発生しないことになる。No noise echoes due to longitudinal ultrasonic waves will be generated within the flaw detection gate (8) after the transmission pulse T.
ここで吸収体（９）を具備させる範囲を音圧強度の最大
点から一１０ｄＢ以下の全範囲としているの汀。Here, the range in which the absorber (9) is provided is the entire range of -10 dB or less from the maximum point of sound pressure intensity.
−６〜−８ｄＢ程度の範囲では被検材（７）中を伝播す
る横波超音波の強度が弱くなる欠点を有しているからで
ある。又、−１０ｄＢより低い範囲では、吸収体（９）
の効果があまり現われないために１両者のノくランスを
考慮して一１０ｄＢより低い音圧の全範囲としている。This is because a range of about -6 to -8 dB has the disadvantage that the intensity of transverse ultrasonic waves propagating through the test material (7) becomes weak. In addition, in the range lower than -10 dB, the absorber (9)
Since this effect is not very noticeable, the entire sound pressure range is set to be lower than -10 dB, taking into account the noise between the two.
この発明は以上説明したように、外形形状が円筒状の被
検材において、上記被検材の円周方向に斜めに超音波を
入射させる超音波探触子において。As explained above, the present invention is directed to an ultrasonic probe for a test material having a cylindrical external shape, in which ultrasonic waves are incident obliquely in the circumferential direction of the test material.
楔の音響結合体と接する面上において、音圧強度が最大
となる点より後方面で、音圧強度が最大となる点より一
１０ｄＢ以下の音圧の全面にわたり、超音波の吸収体を
具備させたことにより、音圧強度の弱いメインローブが
被検材の中心部分に向って垂直に入射することを防止す
る事が可能となる。On the surface of the wedge in contact with the acoustic coupler, on the rear side of the point where the sound pressure intensity is maximum, an ultrasonic absorber is provided over the entire surface of the sound pressure of 10 dB or less from the point where the sound pressure intensity is maximum. By doing so, it is possible to prevent the main lobe, which has a weak sound pressure intensity, from perpendicularly entering the center portion of the test material.
その結果、被検材中で縦波超音波が発生しないため、送
信パルス以降の探傷ゲート内にノイズ成分となるエコー
は発生せず、 Ｓ／Ｎ比の良い超音波探触子を供給でき
る効果がある。As a result, no longitudinal ultrasonic waves are generated in the material being tested, so no echoes that become noise components are generated within the flaw detection gate after the transmitted pulse, making it possible to supply an ultrasonic probe with a good S/N ratio. There is.
第１図（ａ）はこの発明による超音波探触子の断面図、
第１図（ｂ）はこの発明による超音波探触子による探傷
波形図、第２図（ａ）は従来の超音波探触子の断面図、
第２図（ｂ）は従来の超音波探触子による探Ｏ）３波形
図である。
図にお・いて（１）は超音波探触子、（２）は振励子、
（３）は楔、 ＋４１＆ユ音社結合材、（５）は音圧強
度の強いメインローブ、（６）は音圧頻度の弱いサイド
ローブ、（７）は被検材、（９）は吸収体である。
尚、各区中同−符号は同−又は相当部分を示している。FIG. 1(a) is a cross-sectional view of an ultrasonic probe according to the present invention;
FIG. 1(b) is a flaw detection waveform diagram using the ultrasonic probe according to the present invention, FIG. 2(a) is a sectional view of a conventional ultrasonic probe,
FIG. 2(b) is a waveform diagram of O)3 detected by a conventional ultrasonic probe. In the figure, (1) is the ultrasonic probe, (2) is the vibrator,
(3) is a wedge, +41 & Yuonsha bonding material, (5) is a main lobe with strong sound pressure intensity, (6) is a side lobe with a weak sound pressure frequency, (7) is the test material, and (9) is an absorption material. It is the body. Note that the same reference numerals in each section indicate the same or equivalent parts.
Claims (1)
斜めに超音波を入射させ、かつ、上記被検材と超音波探
触子との間のギャップが２〜３ｍｍ以下で使用される超
音波探触子において、振動子の被検材と対向する面に、
アクリル樹脂等のプラスチック製楔を有し、上記楔の音
響結合体が接する面上において、音圧強度が最大となる
点より後方面で音圧強度の最大点より−１０ｄＢ以下の
音圧の全面にわたり超音波の吸収体を具備させた事を特
徴とする超音波探触子。The outer shape of the test material is cylindrical, the ultrasonic wave is incident obliquely in the circumferential direction of the test material, and the gap between the test material and the ultrasonic probe is 2 to 3 mm or less. In ultrasonic probes used in
It has a wedge made of plastic such as acrylic resin, and on the surface of the wedge in contact with the acoustic coupler, the entire surface of the sound pressure is -10 dB or less from the point of maximum sound pressure intensity on the rear side from the point of maximum sound pressure intensity. An ultrasonic probe characterized by being equipped with an ultrasonic absorber.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62091254A JP2630392B2 (en) | 1987-04-14 | 1987-04-14 | Ultrasonic flaw detector |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62091254A JP2630392B2 (en) | 1987-04-14 | 1987-04-14 | Ultrasonic flaw detector |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63256846A true JPS63256846A (en) | 1988-10-24 |
| JP2630392B2 JP2630392B2 (en) | 1997-07-16 |
Family
ID=14021290
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62091254A Expired - Lifetime JP2630392B2 (en) | 1987-04-14 | 1987-04-14 | Ultrasonic flaw detector |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2630392B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2003060507A1 (en) * | 2002-01-17 | 2003-07-24 | Nsk Ltd. | Bearing steel, method for evaluating large-sized inclusions in the steel, and rolling bearing |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS598153U (en) * | 1982-07-09 | 1984-01-19 | 三菱電機株式会社 | ultrasonic probe |
| JPS60140154A (en) * | 1983-12-28 | 1985-07-25 | Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc | Ultrasonic inspection apparatus |
-
1987
- 1987-04-14 JP JP62091254A patent/JP2630392B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS598153U (en) * | 1982-07-09 | 1984-01-19 | 三菱電機株式会社 | ultrasonic probe |
| JPS60140154A (en) * | 1983-12-28 | 1985-07-25 | Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc | Ultrasonic inspection apparatus |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2003060507A1 (en) * | 2002-01-17 | 2003-07-24 | Nsk Ltd. | Bearing steel, method for evaluating large-sized inclusions in the steel, and rolling bearing |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2630392B2 (en) | 1997-07-16 |
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