JPS6318263A - Ultrasonic flaw detection for bolt - Google Patents
Ultrasonic flaw detection for boltInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6318263A JPS6318263A JP61160945A JP16094586A JPS6318263A JP S6318263 A JPS6318263 A JP S6318263A JP 61160945 A JP61160945 A JP 61160945A JP 16094586 A JP16094586 A JP 16094586A JP S6318263 A JPS6318263 A JP S6318263A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- bolt
- probe
- thread
- crack
- ultrasonic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002592 echocardiography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
(産業上の利用分野)
本発明は橋梁等の鋼構造物に使用しているボルトに発生
する割れ傷を超音波探傷で精度よく検出する方法に関す
るものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a method for accurately detecting cracks occurring in bolts used in steel structures such as bridges using ultrasonic flaw detection.
(従来の技術)
鋼構造物に使用されているボルトは、腐食あるいは疲労
荷重により割れ傷がボルトのネジ底部から発生し使用中
に折損することがある。このようなボルトの損傷は、構
造物の安全低下あるいはボルト折損による構造物からの
落下で、 PiZ下を通過中の車輌等に損傷を与え安全
上問題がある。(Prior Art) Bolts used in steel structures may break during use due to cracking occurring at the bottom of the bolt thread due to corrosion or fatigue loading. Such damage to bolts may reduce the safety of the structure or cause bolts to break and fall from the structure, causing damage to vehicles passing under the PiZ, creating a safety problem.
従って、使用中のボルトの点検が定期的に実施されてお
り、現在適用されている方法としてはハンマーによるタ
タキ点検あるいは超音波による検査である。Therefore, bolts in use are regularly inspected, and currently used methods include tapping inspection using a hammer or inspection using ultrasonic waves.
(発明が解決しようとする問題点)
しかし、ハンマーのタタキによる打音の識別は、ボルト
の割れが著しく大きく損傷している場合を除いて識別が
むづかしく有効的ではない。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, identifying the sound caused by the tapping of a hammer is difficult and ineffective unless the bolt is severely damaged by cracking.
また超音波による方法では、従来からの垂直探触子をボ
ルトのネジ先部あるいはボルト頭部に接触させて検査を
実施しているが、超音波ビームはボルト中に一様に拡散
伝搬し、ネジ部からの反射エコーが現れるため、ネジ底
部から発生する小さな傷を検出することはむづかしい。In addition, in the ultrasonic method, inspection is carried out by bringing a conventional vertical probe into contact with the threaded tip of the bolt or the bolt head, but the ultrasonic beam propagates uniformly throughout the bolt. It is difficult to detect small scratches that occur from the bottom of the screw because reflected echoes from the screw appear.
本発明はこの様な問題点を解決するためになされたもの
である。検査に使用する特殊超音波探触子と、被検査物
であるボルトとの配性図を第1図に示す、使用中のボル
トに発生する割れ傷は、−般にはボルトのネジ底から発
生するので、超音波ビームをネジ底部に効果的に照射す
ることが必要である。The present invention has been made to solve these problems. Figure 1 shows the arrangement of the special ultrasonic probe used for inspection and the bolt that is the object to be inspected. Cracks that occur on bolts during use generally start from the bottom of the thread of the bolt. Therefore, it is necessary to effectively irradiate the ultrasonic beam to the bottom of the screw.
(問題点を解決するための手段)
すなわち本発明で使用する特殊超音波探触子1は、従来
の焦点探触子(垂直タイプ)のビームを中心軸から変度
ないしlO数変度偏心た所に焦点を有する特性を持つも
のであってボルト2のネジ先部3から一般には超音波探
触子を接触して検査するものである。(Means for Solving the Problems) That is, the special ultrasonic probe 1 used in the present invention has the beam of a conventional focusing probe (vertical type) eccentric or eccentric from the central axis by a number of lO. It has a characteristic of having a focal point at a certain point, and is generally inspected by contacting an ultrasonic probe from the threaded tip 3 of the bolt 2.
(作用)
特殊超音波探触子1は、曲面状に加工した振動子4と、
アクリル樹脂で製作された遅延材5とで構成されている
。この特殊超音波探触子のビームの集束範囲は、一般に
はネジ先部から約20〜Oha深さであるが、他の範囲
でも設計製作できる。(Function) The special ultrasonic probe 1 includes a vibrator 4 processed into a curved surface,
It is composed of a delay material 5 made of acrylic resin. The beam focusing range of this special ultrasonic probe is generally about 20 to 0000 m deep from the screw tip, but other ranges can be designed and manufactured.
この様に傾いた超音波ビーム6がボルト2のネジ底から
発生した割れ傷7に照射された場合、超音波の割れ傷か
らの反射音圧は割れ湯部の形状特性から著しく大きくな
ることが判明した。この理由は第一に従来の超音波探触
子によるf′傷ではネジ先部に超音波の主ビームを効果
的に当てることが出来ないことによる検出能の減少の欠
点を、ビームの偏心により取り除いたことである。第二
には一般にはボルトのネジ底部は曲率加工されており、
ネジ底に割れが発生すると、形状的には湯部は直角に近
いコーナ一部を形成する。When the ultrasonic beam 6 tilted in this way is irradiated to the crack 7 generated from the threaded bottom of the bolt 2, the sound pressure reflected from the ultrasonic crack can become significantly large due to the shape characteristics of the cracked metal. found. The reason for this is, firstly, that the main beam of ultrasonic waves cannot be effectively applied to the screw tip when f' scratches are used with conventional ultrasonic probes, which reduces the detection ability. It has been removed. Second, the bottom of the bolt thread is generally curved.
When a crack occurs in the screw bottom, the hot water part forms a part of a nearly right-angled corner.
従って、本発明による特殊超音波探触子を使用するとコ
ーナ一部に対して超音波の主ビームが湯部に照射され、
しかもコーナ一部のため超音波ビームの反射特性が大き
くなるためである。これは割れ傷がない場合のネジ部か
ら発生する反射音圧に比べて傷からの反射音圧が著しく
大きくなり、ネジ部と割れ傷とを容易に識別できるから
である。Therefore, when using the special ultrasonic probe according to the present invention, the main beam of ultrasonic waves is irradiated onto the hot water part at a part of the corner.
Moreover, since it is a part of the corner, the reflection characteristics of the ultrasonic beam become large. This is because the sound pressure reflected from the scratches is significantly greater than the sound pressure reflected from the threaded part when there is no crack, and the threaded part and the crack can be easily distinguished.
ボルトネジ底部から発生する割れ傷は、第2図に示す様
に、一般にはネジ先部3から近い所に生じる割れ傷7′
から比較的遠い所に生じる割れ傷7″迄あるので、特殊
超音波探触子1をネジ先部3面上を矢印方向8に走査す
ることにより、任意のネジ部の場所に発生した割れ傷を
検出することができる。また、ボルトのネジ底部全域を
検査するには、特殊超音波探触子1をネジ先部面上で走
査方向を直径方向の全方向に変えることにより可能であ
る。The cracks that occur from the bottom of the bolt screw are generally cracks 7' that occur near the screw tip 3, as shown in Figure 2.
Since there are cracks up to 7" that occur relatively far from the thread, by scanning the special ultrasonic probe 1 over the surface of the screw tip 3 in the direction of the arrow 8, it is possible to detect cracks that occur at any location on the thread. In addition, the entire area of the threaded bottom of the bolt can be inspected by changing the scanning direction of the special ultrasonic probe 1 on the threaded tip surface in all directions in the diametrical direction.
(実施例) 以下実施例により本発明の効果を更に具体的に示す。(Example) The effects of the present invention will be illustrated in more detail with reference to Examples below.
第3図(a)に示すボルト(径22■、長さ105+s
m)のネジ先部から約3hmの距離のところに深さ約1
恒1の割れ傷があるポルトシ;ついて、本発明法による
特殊超音波探触子と従来からの垂直探触子との探傷結果
を比較した。今回使用した特殊超音波探触子は探傷周波
数5MHz、振動子径15m1、偏心の角度15°、超
音波ビームの焦点範囲15〜Himで、従来型探触子は
探傷周波数511I)lz、振動子径10mmでそれぞ
れの探傷波形を第3図の(b)と(C)に示した。The bolt shown in Figure 3(a) (diameter 22mm, length 105+s
m) at a distance of approximately 3 hm from the screw tip to a depth of approximately 1
Regarding a port with a crack of 1, the flaw detection results were compared between a special ultrasonic probe according to the method of the present invention and a conventional vertical probe. The special ultrasonic probe used this time has a flaw detection frequency of 5MHz, a transducer diameter of 15m1, an eccentric angle of 15°, and an ultrasonic beam focal range of 15~Him, while the conventional probe has a flaw detection frequency of 511I)lz and a transducer. The respective flaw detection waveforms with a diameter of 10 mm are shown in FIGS. 3(b) and (C).
第3図(c)に示す様に、従来の超音波探触子では、割
れ傷からの反射エコーはネジ部からの反射エコー9の中
に1ff!没して傷エコーを効果的に検出できなかった
。−力木発明による特殊超音波探触子の場合は第3図(
b)に示す様に、割れ傷からの反射エコー10が大きく
現われ、ネジ部からの反射エコー9と充分識別して検出
できる。As shown in FIG. 3(c), in the conventional ultrasonic probe, the reflected echo from the crack is 1ff in the reflected echo 9 from the screw part! The wound echoes could not be detected effectively. - In the case of the special ultrasonic probe invented by Rikiki, see Figure 3 (
As shown in b), the reflected echo 10 from the crack appears large and can be detected by sufficiently distinguishing it from the reflected echo 9 from the threaded portion.
(発明の効果)
以上の如く本発明法による特殊超音波探触子を使用して
ボルトの検査を実施すると、従来検出できなかった微小
な割れ傷迄検出できる。またポルト以外にバイブネジ継
手部などのネジ部の検査にも適用でき、保守検査上の利
点は著しく大きい。(Effects of the Invention) As described above, when bolts are inspected using the special ultrasonic probe according to the method of the present invention, even minute cracks that could not be detected conventionally can be detected. In addition to ports, it can also be applied to inspecting threaded parts such as vibrator threaded joints, which has a significant advantage in terms of maintenance and inspection.
第1図は特殊超音波探触子による被検査物であるボルト
の検査状況、第2図は特殊超音波探触子の走査検査状況
、第3図は特殊超音波探触子による探傷波形である。
1・・・特殊超音波探触子、2・・・ボルト、3・・・
ネジ先部、4・・・振動子、5・・・遅延材、6・・・
超音波ビーム、7・・・割れ傷、7′・・・ネジ先部に
近い割れ傷、7N・・・ネジ先部から遠い割れ傷、8・
・・特殊超音波探触子の走査方向、9・・・ボルトネジ
部からの反射工コー、10・・・ボルト割れ傷からの反
射エコー。Figure 1 shows the inspection status of a bolt, which is an object to be inspected, using a special ultrasonic probe, Figure 2 shows the scanning inspection status of the special ultrasonic probe, and Figure 3 shows the flaw detection waveform using the special ultrasonic probe. be. 1... Special ultrasonic probe, 2... Bolt, 3...
Screw tip, 4... vibrator, 5... delay material, 6...
Ultrasonic beam, 7...Crack, 7'...Crack near the screw tip, 7N...Crack far from the screw tip, 8.
...Scanning direction of special ultrasonic probe, 9...Reflection echo from bolt thread, 10...Reflection echo from bolt crack.
Claims (1)
持つ特性を有する縦波垂直探触子を使用して、橋梁等の
鋼構造物に使用中のボルトに発生する割れ傷を検査する
ことを特徴とするボルト用超音波探傷方法。Inspecting cracks that occur in bolts used in steel structures such as bridges using a longitudinal wave vertical probe that has the characteristic that the ultrasonic beam focuses eccentrically from the beam center of the probe. An ultrasonic flaw detection method for bolts featuring:
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP61160945A JPS6318263A (en) | 1986-07-10 | 1986-07-10 | Ultrasonic flaw detection for bolt |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP61160945A JPS6318263A (en) | 1986-07-10 | 1986-07-10 | Ultrasonic flaw detection for bolt |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS6318263A true JPS6318263A (en) | 1988-01-26 |
Family
ID=15725613
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP61160945A Pending JPS6318263A (en) | 1986-07-10 | 1986-07-10 | Ultrasonic flaw detection for bolt |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS6318263A (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2002005903A (en) * | 2000-06-20 | 2002-01-09 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Ultrasonic inspection device and flaw detection method |
JP2004077234A (en) * | 2002-08-14 | 2004-03-11 | Nichizou Tec:Kk | Method and device for diagnosing corrosion of anchor bolt |
JP2019174231A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2019-10-10 | 株式会社ニチゾウテック | Anchor-bolt ultrasonic flaw inspection device and inspection method |
JP2019184415A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2019-10-24 | 日立Geニュークリア・エナジー株式会社 | Ultrasonic wave flaw detection method and device |
JP2019211281A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2019-12-12 | 非破壊検査株式会社 | Inspection equipment and inspection method for joint member |
JP2020148603A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2020-09-17 | 株式会社ニチゾウテック | Ultrasonic probe, anchor bolt ultrasonic flaw detection inspection device, and anchor bolt ultrasonic flaw detection inspection method |
CN111912902A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2020-11-10 | 中车大同电力机车有限公司 | Ultrasonic probe and crack detection device |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS60235054A (en) * | 1984-04-16 | 1985-11-21 | クラウトウエルク、ウニオン、アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト | Ultrasonic inspection method and device for bolt |
-
1986
- 1986-07-10 JP JP61160945A patent/JPS6318263A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS60235054A (en) * | 1984-04-16 | 1985-11-21 | クラウトウエルク、ウニオン、アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト | Ultrasonic inspection method and device for bolt |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2002005903A (en) * | 2000-06-20 | 2002-01-09 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Ultrasonic inspection device and flaw detection method |
JP2004077234A (en) * | 2002-08-14 | 2004-03-11 | Nichizou Tec:Kk | Method and device for diagnosing corrosion of anchor bolt |
JP2019174231A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2019-10-10 | 株式会社ニチゾウテック | Anchor-bolt ultrasonic flaw inspection device and inspection method |
JP2019184415A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2019-10-24 | 日立Geニュークリア・エナジー株式会社 | Ultrasonic wave flaw detection method and device |
JP2019211281A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2019-12-12 | 非破壊検査株式会社 | Inspection equipment and inspection method for joint member |
JP2020148603A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2020-09-17 | 株式会社ニチゾウテック | Ultrasonic probe, anchor bolt ultrasonic flaw detection inspection device, and anchor bolt ultrasonic flaw detection inspection method |
CN111912902A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2020-11-10 | 中车大同电力机车有限公司 | Ultrasonic probe and crack detection device |
CN111912902B (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2023-12-19 | 中车大同电力机车有限公司 | Ultrasonic probe and crack detection device |
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