JPS6310975B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The inventor first developed Tilapiya using a closed coexistence system.
Cultivation method and equipment for Nirochika and shrimp (1973)
(Patent Application No. 110025). The present invention relates to a method for continuously cultivating Wolffia and Duckweed using biogas by the biological activity of organic sludge while these patents are pending. Wolfia is a seed plant of the Lemnaceae family.
A microscopic plant belonging to the Lemnaceae.
Wolffia arrhiza wimmer. and Wolffia
It produces two types of microscopia Kurz. The Japanese name for this plant is 0.7 to 1 mm long, and it floats on the surface of ponds and swamps. It has a gourd-shaped body with a small handle-like bud attached to one end of its body. The bud develops and separates from the mother's body to become an independent individual. In other words, it reproduces using the same budding method as yeast. Cells contain many chloroplasts and carry out photosynthesis.
The carbon dioxide necessary for photosynthesis is taken in through the many stomata on the back. The pores are oval in shape, with a length of 28μ and a width of 22μ. It proliferates at water temperatures of 20°C to 30°C. Duckweed, Spirodela polyrhiza
schleid.Lemna paucicostata
Hagelm. is a perennial aquatic plant that grows wild in various parts of Japan, and like Wolfia, it floats on water. It coexists with Wolfia, and propagates by lowering its roots of about 3 to 5 cm into water and sprouting from the sides of the roots. In autumn, winter buds appear on the underside of the leaf-like stems, and the winter buds sink into the water and overwinter, and the next season. The duckweed that emerges again in the spring and multiplies is smaller than the duckweed, and the underside of the leafy stems is purplish. Wolfia, duckweed, and duckweed are
Mixed culture is possible, and culture can be performed using a synthetic medium containing inorganic salts as nutrients, or filtrate (juice) of human, animal, poultry, excrement, oil cake, etc. An example of a conventional inorganic salt synthetic medium and a self-sufficient fertilizer medium is as follows. (i) Inorganic salt synthetic medium NH ₄ NO ₃ 0.6g Mgso ₄・7H ₂ O 0.25g KH ₂ PO ₄ 0.05g KCl 0.05g Feso ₄ 7H ₂ O 0.003g Sore excreta 100ml Water 900ml PH 6.4-6.8 ( ii) Self-sufficient fertilizer culture medium There are 100 times diluted liquid of rotten human waste, 100 times leachate of rotten ripe chicken manure, 100 times liquid of rotten ripe fish juice, etc. These conventional methods are
Due to the morphology and physiological characteristics of Wolffia and Duckweed, there are problems that need to be reduced in terms of culture methods and management, and the problems are listed below. (1) It takes time to prepare the culture solution. (2) Since it is not a continuous culture, it is not possible to reduce the cutting force in terms of culture management. (3) It is necessary to remove microalgae (water filtration) that inhibits the growth of Wolffia and duckweed. (4) It is necessary to establish a continuous supply method that keeps the nutrient concentration in the culture solution constant. (5) It is necessary to establish technology that allows economical temperature adjustment easily. In order to solve the above problems, the present invention uses organic sludge, bacteria, and algae precipitates, and inoculates them with a mixture of microalgae, photosynthetic bacteria, protozoa, rotifers, arthropods, and aerobic bacteria. Then, by adding fresh water and generating biogases due to these biological activities under aerobic light conditions, a constant concentration as input,
These problems can be solved by continuously flowing organic wastewater or the growth liquid of photosynthetic bacteria and microalgae into the water, continuously emitting biological gas, and culturing Wolffia and duckweed using these gases as nutrients. It was discovered that the problem can be solved advantageously. The stability of biogas generation by these organic sludges is due to the composition of a cybernetic system that is established by the feedback from the food chain of the following organisms related to this. Therefore, although algae proliferate to a certain degree, it does not proliferate to the extent that it inhibits the growth of Wolffia and Duckweed. The microorganisms, their isolation methods, and aquatic plants used in the present invention are as follows. (1) Microalgae Algae. Tetraspora genus. Tetraspora gelatinosa species. Genus Palmella, species palmella mucosa. Genus Asterococcus. Asterococcus
Limneticus species. Genus Aphanizomenon. APhanizomenon flos
-aquae species. Genus Osillatria. Osillatria fenus species. Genus Phormidium. Phormidium fenue species. (2) Photosynthetic bacteria. Rhodthece genus. Rhodthece Pendens species. Genus Chromatum, species Chromatum minus. The above microorganisms are soil algae and bacteria, and by spraying 100 times diluted pig urine several times under humid trees, maintaining humidity and after 2 to 3 weeks, the ground turns dark greenish brown. When mixed with a 50 to 100 times solution and placed in a flask and allowed to stand for another 2 to 3 weeks, colonies of green and red microalgae and photosynthetic bacteria can be isolated on the inner surface of the flask. (3) Protozoa. Genus Colpoda. Colpoda cucullus species. Genus Paramcium. Paramcium bursaria species. Genus Glaucoma. Glaucoma sintllans species. Genus Stylonychia. Stylonychia steini species. Genus Vorticella. Vorticella nebulifera species. Genus Euglena. Euglena gracilis species. Genus Euglena. Euglena deses species. (4) Rotifers Trohelmithes. Genus Brachionus. Brachionus Calyciflorus
seed. Genus Rotaria. Rotaria rotatoria species. (5) Arthropod Arthropada. Scapholeberis genus. Scapholeberis
mucronata species. Genus Simocephalus. Smiocephalus Vetulus
seed. Genus Cyclops. cyclops vicinus species. The above microorganisms can be easily collected from sewers. (6) Aerobic bacteria Bacteria Micrococcus genus. Micrococcus Luteiis species. Genus Pseudomonas. Pseudomonas
aeruginosa species. Genus Flavobacterium. Flavobacterium
Aquatile species. Genus Chromobacterium. Chromobacterium
Violaceum species. The above aerobic bacteria can be easily isolated from the body surface of decaying fish. Embodiments of the present invention and their procedures will be described below with reference to the drawings. Approximately 30 cm of buffer sludge 33, 34 is placed in advance at the bottom of transparent plastic deep tanks 2, 3.The buffer sludge is a mixture of 35 g of clay, 35 g of diatomaceous earth, 10 g of acetic acid, and 20 g of sodium acetate, 15% buffer soil, and carbonic acid. It is a mixture of 10% calcium and 75% organic sludge. Hilters (sand or urethane) 29 and 30 are provided in the center of the deep tanks 2 and 3, respectively. A sewage inlet 1 is attached to the lower layer of a deep tank 2.
The waste water is aerated by the air jet pipe 49 and flows through the Hilter 30 into the upper layer (in which photosynthetic bacteria are preliminarily grown). The photosynthetic bacteria growth liquid enters the lower layer of the deep tank 3 from the upper layer water inlet 31 through the advection pipe 52 and the outlet 32, and then enters the lower layer of the deep tank 3 through the upper layer water inlet 31 and the air jet pipe 4.
It is aerated by 8 and flows to the upper layer via Hilter 29. During this process, sewage turns into a red growth liquid due to the proliferation of photosynthetic bacteria. in this case,
If the upper layer of the deep tank 3 is filled with a microalgae growth solution in advance, a mixed growth solution of photosynthetic bacteria and microalgae can be obtained. These mixed growth liquids enter the Wolffia culture tanks 4 and 5 through the food valve 56 and the inflow valves 25 and 27 by the operation of the pump 28. More air pipe 20
Step aeration is carried out through the air jet pipes 41 and 42 to form the upper surface of the Wolffia culture tank, the transparent plastic upper lid 43 and 58 and the lower surface, the transparent plastic bottom 44 and 57, and the organic sludge 6 and 7.
is kept under aerobic and light conditions, and the mixed growth solution of microalgae and photosynthetic bacteria that enters as input through the inflow valves 25 and 27 is mixed with organic sludge.
It is step-aired under aerobic and light conditions, becomes a food chain source for the organisms that coexist in the organic sludge, and continues to generate biogases due to these biological activities. The generated biological gas is dissolved in water and becomes a nutrient source for Wolffia 24, which is set as Wolffia culture solution 4, and the Wolffia grows. The Wolfia 62, like the Wolfia culture tank 5, turns off the brake levers 11 and 12, floats the harvesting belt 23 to the water surface, rotates the rotary shafts 16 and 46 clockwise, and rotates the scraper 14.
The water is scraped into the bucket 38 together with the overflow water and discharged from the outlet ports 53 and 54. The biologically active sediments (organic sludge) 6 and 7 are controlled by the same outlet valve 2 from the biologically active sediment inlets 21 and 22.
6, 55, and 37, the outflow is composted. Wolfia culture tank 4, 5 deep tank 2, 3
A vent valve is installed on each top lid to prevent air circulation and excessive rise in temperature inside the tank. According to the above procedure, Wolffia and Duckweed were mixedly cultured and the following results were obtained. Water temperature 25℃~28
Fresh grass 1.1Kg hay per ^1m3 at ℃ (6.6% moisture)
The number of days required for one harvest was 12 days, yielding 55 g. The general analysis results of the mixed plant were as shown in the table.

[Table] The effects and advantages of the present invention are as follows. (1) There is no need to adjust the culture solution, so culture management can be done with less effort, continuous culture can be carried out, and systemization is easy. (2) There is no need to remove algae (water filtration) that inhibits the growth of Wolffia and Duckweed. (3) Temperature can be adjusted economically, and protein production and starch production can be carried out at will by adjusting the temperature high or low. (4) Can be used for tertiary treatment of organic wastewater. (5) Biological oxygen demand of the effluent. Inlet 400ppm. Outlet 10ppm or less. SS. Inlet 300ppm. Outlet 20ppm or less.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings are cross-sectional explanatory views showing an embodiment of the present invention and its principle. 1 is a wastewater inlet valve, 2,
3 is a transparent plastic deep tank, 4 and 5 are Wolffia culture tanks, 6 and 7 are biologically active sediments (organic sludge) 8 and 9 are vent valves, 10 and 1
1, 12, 13 are brake levers, 14, 45 are scrapers, 15, 16, 17, 46 are rotating shafts, 18, 19 are springs 20, 47 are air pipes, 21, 22 are biologically active precipitate inlets, 41,
42 is an air jet pipe 23, 61 is a harvesting net belt, 24, 62 is a Wolffia, 25, 27 is an inflow valve, 28 is a pump, 29, 30 is a filter 31 is an upper layer water inlet, 32 is an outlet, 33, 3
4 is buffer sludge, 35 and 36 are sludge control valves, 2
6, 55, 37 are biologically active precipitate outlet valves;
38, 39 is a bucket, 40 is a blower, 41,
42, 48, 49 are air jet pipes, 43, 58,
59, 60 are transparent plastic top lids, 44, 57
5 is a transparent plastic bottom, 50 and 51 are vent valves, 52 is an advection pipe, 53 and 54 are outlet ports, 5
6 is the hood valve.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Organic sludge or algae sediment is inoculated with one or more of the microalgae, photosynthetic bacteria, protozoa, rotifers, arthropods, and aerobic bacteria listed in the specification, and fresh water is added. In addition, aerobic
Biological gas CO ₂ due to biological activity under light conditions,
It is characterized by generating NH ₄ and O ₂ and flowing down a certain concentration and amount of organic wastewater or photosynthetic bacteria or microalgae growth liquid as input, continuously generating biological gas, and continuously culturing Wolffia and duckweed. A continuous cultivation method for Wolffia and Duckweed using biogas produced by the biological activity of organic sludge.