JPS6310352B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an improvement in a heat pump type water heater for heating and cooling, which allows a single unit to efficiently perform hot water supply operation, hot water supply operation, and cooling operation.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below.
Figure 1 is a configuration diagram of the refrigerant circuit, where 1 is a compressor, 2
3 is a four-way switching valve, 3 is a hot water storage tank with a condensing coil 3a for hot water supply, 4 is a first throttle device, and the above equipment 1,
2 and 3 are connected in series with refrigerant piping. (A) shows an electric valve circuit A that bypasses the hot water supply condensing coil 3a and the first throttling device 4, which are connected in series with refrigerant piping, and has an electric valve A5. Also, (B)
is an electric valve circuit B that bypasses the first throttle device 4.
and has an electric valve B6. 7 is an outdoor heat exchanger that is not used, 8 is a blower for blowing air to the outdoor heat exchanger 7, and 9 is a second throttle device. 10 is an indoor heat exchanger which is not used, 11 is an air blower that blows air to the outdoor heat exchanger 10, 12 is an accumulator, which includes the outdoor heat exchanger 7 and a second throttle device. 9, the indoor heat exchanger 10 and the four-way switching valve 2 are connected in series with refrigerant piping. (C) is an electric valve circuit C that bypasses the second expansion device 9 and the indoor heat exchanger 10, and has an electric valve C13.

FIG. 2 is an electrical circuit diagram, in which SW-1 is an operation switch, SW-2 is an air-conditioning/heating changeover switch, and has a neutral contact. 23W is the water temperature thermostat of the hot water temperature detector inside the hot water storage tank 3 with condensing coil 3a for hot water supply, 52C is the electromagnetic contactor 52F of the motor for the compressor 1 _{, 1} is the electromagnetic contactor of the motor for the outdoor blower 8, 52F ₂ is an electromagnetic contactor for the motor for the indoor blower 11. In addition, _X1 is an auxiliary relay for heating operation commands, and _X2 is an auxiliary relay for cooling operation commands, which are connected in series with heating thermostat _23A1 and cooling thermostat _23A2 , respectively, for indoor temperature detection, which serve as cooling and heating load detectors. ing. _X3 is an auxiliary relay for defrost operation command, and is connected in series with the defrost thermostat 26D. SV-A, SV-B, and SV-C are coils of motor-driven valve A5, motor-driven valve B6, and motor-driven valve C13, respectively. SV-4 is a coil of the four-way switching valve 2.

Next, the operation of this invention will be explained. First, the hot water supply operation will be explained. FIG. 3 is a refrigerant flow diagram during hot water supply operation, and the refrigerant flow direction is shown by thick solid arrows.

First, when the operating switch SW-1 is turned on, the water temperature thermostat 23W is closed, and the electromagnetic contactor 52C is energized to compress Machine 1 performs operation. In addition, since the defrost thermostat 26D is normally open, _the auxiliary relay _X3 is not energized, and therefore _the normally closed contact The outside blower 8 is operated. On the other hand, auxiliary relay X ₁ ,
X ₂ and X ₃ are not energized, and each normally open contact X ₁ −
a, X ₂ -a and X ₃ -a are open, and normally closed contacts X ₂ -b and X ₃ -b are closed. Therefore, the coil SV-4 of the four-way switching valve 2, the coil SV-A of the electric valve A5, and the coil SV-B of the electric valve B6 are deenergized, and only the coil SV-C of the electric valve C13 is energized. . Therefore, the four-way switching valve 2 is in the position in the refrigerant flow direction as shown in FIG.
is open. Regarding the refrigerant flow, the high-temperature, high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 passes through the four-way switching valve 2, is guided to the hot water storage tank 3 with a condensing coil 3a for hot water supply, exchanges heat with low-temperature hot water supply, radiates heat, It becomes a high-pressure liquid refrigerant. In addition, the hot water in the hot water storage tank 3 collects heat,
Temperature rises. Hot water is used from the hot water outlet 14 at the top of the tank, and only the amount of water used is supplied from the city water inlet 15 at the bottom of the tank. after that,
The liquid refrigerant is depressurized by the first throttle device 4, evaporated in the outdoor heat exchanger 7, passes through the electric valve circuit C (C), and is connected to the four-way switching valve 2, the accumulator 12, and the compressor 1. Return to In this case, the second diaphragm 9
Since the pressure resistance is large, the evaporated low-temperature gas refrigerant passes through the electric valve circuit C (C) and does not stay in the indoor heat exchanger 10. Further, if the temperature of the hot water supply in the hot water storage tank 3 rises above a predetermined value, the water temperature thermostat 23W is activated and its contacts are opened. Therefore, magnetic contactors 52C and 52F ₁ are deenergized,
The compressor 1 and the outdoor blower 8 are stopped. If the hot water temperature drops again, the water temperature thermostat will change to 23W.
is restored and operation resumes.

Next, hot water supply and cooling operations will be explained.
FIG. 4 is a refrigerant flow diagram during hot water supply and cooling operations, and the refrigerant flow direction is indicated by thick solid line arrows. First, when the operation switch SW-1 is turned on and the air-conditioning/heating selector switch SW-2 is set to the "cold" side, the indoor cooling thermostat _23A2 is closed at a predetermined setting value or higher, and the auxiliary relay _X2 is closed. energize. Furthermore, when the hot water temperature of the hot water storage tank 3 is below a predetermined value, the water temperature thermostat 23W is closed as described above, and since the auxiliary relay _X2 is energized, its normally open contact _X2- A is also closed at the same time. Therefore, the electromagnetic contactors 52C and 52F ₁ are energized, and the compressor 1 and the outdoor blower 8 operate. Since the other auxiliary relays X ₁ and X ₃ are deenergized, the normally open contacts X ₁ -a and X ₃ -a are open,
Since the normally closed contact _X3 -b remains closed, the coil SV-4 of the four-way switching valve 2 and the electric valves A, C5, and 13
Coils SV-A and SV-C of motor-driven valve B6 are deenergized, coil SV-B of motor-driven valve B6 is energized, and motor-driven valve circuits A(A) and C
(C) is a closed circuit, and electric valve circuit B (B) is an open circuit. At the same time, the electromagnetic contactor 52F ₂ is energized, and the indoor blower 1
1 drives. Regarding refrigerant flow, compressor 1,
It flows through the four-way switching valve 2, condenses in the hot water storage tank 3 with condensing coil, electric valve circuit B (B), and outdoor heat exchanger 7, is depressurized in the second throttling device 9, and is transferred to the indoor heat exchanger. At 10, heat is collected from the indoor air and evaporated,
Four-way switching valve 2, accumulator 12, compressor 1
Return to. In this operation, the room is cooled, and when the indoor air temperature drops to a predetermined value, the room cooling thermostat _23A2 is activated and its contacts are closed. Opening this contact will cause the auxiliary relay to
X ₁ , X ₂ , and X ₃ are all deenergized, and the deenergization and energization states of the electric valve coil and the electromagnetic contactor are the same as during the hot water supply operation described above, and the hot water supply operation continues. On the other hand, during hot water supply and cooling operation, the water temperature of the hot water supply in the hot water storage tank 3 rises, the water temperature thermostat 23W is activated, and even if its contacts are opened, if there is a cooling request, the auxiliary relay
Since the normally open contact X ₂ -a of X ₂ is closed, operation continues. In addition, in this case, since the hot water temperature in the hot water storage tank 3 with the hot water supply condensing coil 3a is high, the condensing capacity decreases, so the control circuit (Fig. (not shown) to control the air volume of the blower 8.

Next, the heating operation will be explained. FIG. 5 is a refrigerant flow diagram during heating operation, and the refrigerant flow direction is indicated by thick solid arrows. First, turn on the operation switch SW-
1 and set the air conditioning/heating selector switch SW-2 to the "warm" side, the indoor heating thermostat _23A1 is closed below a predetermined set value, the auxiliary relay _X1 is energized, and other Since the auxiliary relays X ₂ and X ₃ are de-energized, the magnetic contactor 5
2C, 52F ₁ and 52F ₂ are energized, and the compressor 1, indoor blower 11, and outdoor blower 8 start operating. In addition, the coil SV-A of the electric valve A5 is energized,
Coils SV-B, SV-C of electric valves B, C6, 13
is deenergized, the electric valve circuit A (A) is opened, and the electric valve circuits B (B) and C (C) are closed. Coil of four-way switching valve 2
SV-4 is energized and assumes the refrigerant flow direction position shown in FIG. Regarding refrigerant flow, compressor 1,
Flows through the four-way switching valve 2, and at the indoor heat exchanger 10,
The heat is radiated into the indoor air, condensed, the pressure is reduced by the second throttle device 9, the outdoor heat exchanger 7 collects heat from the outdoor air, evaporates, passes through the electric valve circuit A (A), and the four-way switching valve 2 , accumulator 12, compressor 1 and return.
In this case, since the pressure resistance of the first expansion device 4 is large, the refrigerant passes through the electric valve circuit A(A) and does not stay in the hot water storage tank 3 with the hot water supply condensing coil 3a. When the indoor air temperature rises to a predetermined value, the indoor heating thermostat _23A1 is activated and its contacts are opened. Opening this contact will cause the auxiliary relay to
X ₁ , X ₂ , and X ₃ are all deenergized, and the hot water supply operation continues in the same way as in the hot water supply operation described above.

Next, the defrost operation will be explained. FIG. 6 is a refrigerant flow diagram during defrost operation, and the refrigerant flow direction is indicated by thick solid arrows. During hot water supply operation and heating operation in winter, if frost forms on the outdoor heat exchanger 7, which acts as an evaporator, and the evaporation temperature drops below a predetermined setting, the temperature is detected and the defrost thermostat is activated. Contact 26D is closed and auxiliary relay _X3 is energized. Therefore,
During hot water supply operation, the normally open contact of auxiliary relay X ₃ is closed,
The normally closed contact is opened, the electromagnetic contactor 52F ₂ and the coils SV-A and SV-B of the electric valve A5B6 are deenergized, the blower 8 is stopped, and the electric valve circuits A(A) and B(B) are closed. There is. In addition, the coil SV-4 of the four-way switching valve 2,
The coil SV-C of the motor-operated valve C13 is energized, and the motor-operated valve circuit C(C) is opened. The same operation occurs during heating operation. Regarding the refrigerant flow, it flows through the compressor 1, the four-way switching valve 2, and the electric valve circuit C (C), melts the frost that has formed in the outdoor heat exchanger 7, and condenses it. In this case, the outdoor fan 8 is stopped so that all the latent heat of condensation is used for defrosting. In addition, due to the pressure resistance of the second expansion device 9 and the ambient temperature condition of the indoor heat exchanger 10 (higher than the outdoor heat exchanger 7), the high temperature, high pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is It does not pass through the circuit C (C) and enter the indoor heat exchanger 10. Outdoor heat exchanger 7
The liquid refrigerant condensed in is reduced in pressure by a first expansion device 4, evaporated in a hot water storage tank 3 with a condensing coil, passed through a four-way switching valve 2, an accumulator 12, and returned to the compressor 1. In this case, since the hot water supply condensing coil 3a of the hot water storage tank 3 containing hot water (a certain amount of high temperature water is stored) is used as the evaporator, the evaporation temperature can be maintained high. , it is possible to measure the capacity increase during defrosting, and the defrosting time can be shortened. In addition, since the defrost time is short (about 2 to 3 minutes), operation is possible without lowering the temperature of the hot water supply in the hot water storage tank 3. When defrosting is completed and the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 rises, the defrost thermostat 26D is reset and the heating operation and hot water supply operation are resumed.

As described above, in this invention, a single unit can efficiently perform hot water supply operation, hot water supply and cooling operation, and heating operation, and during defrost operation, the evaporation temperature is maintained high using the water temperature of the hot water storage tank. Defrost time can be shortened because the capacity is greatly increased.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Each figure shows an embodiment of this invention.
Figure 1 is a configuration diagram of the refrigerant circuit, Figure 2 is an electrical circuit diagram, Figures 3, 4, 5, and 6 are for hot water supply operation, hot water supply-cooling operation, and heating operation, respectively. , and a refrigerant flow diagram during defrost operation. In the figure, 1 is a compressor, 2 is a four-way switching valve, 3 is a hot water storage tank with a condensing coil 3a for hot water supply, 4 is a first throttle device,
5 is an electric valve A, 6 is an electric valve B, 7 is an outdoor heat exchanger, 9 is a second throttle device, 10 is an indoor heat exchanger, 13 is an electric valve C, (B) and (C) are each Electric valve circuit A,
B and C. Note that the same reference numerals in the figures indicate the same or corresponding parts.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 The compressor, the four-way switching valve, the hot water supply condensing coil, the first throttling device, the non-use side heat exchanger, the second throttling device, and the usage side heat exchanger are connected in sequence, and the above hot water condensing coil and the above a first bypass circuit that bypasses the first expansion device; a second bypass circuit that bypasses the first expansion device; and a third bypass that bypasses the second expansion device and the utilization side heat exchanger. circuit, and when the four-way switching valve is switched to one side, the first and second bypass circuits are closed, the third bypass circuit is opened, or the first and third bypass circuits are closed. The circuit is closed, and the second bypass circuit is opened to perform hot water supply operation or hot water supply and cooling operation, and
In a heat pump water heater for heating and cooling, the second and third bypass circuits are closed and the first bypass circuit is opened to perform heating operation when the four-way switching valve is switched to the other side, a bypass circuit closing means that switches the four-way switching valve to the other side and closes the first and second bypass circuits when the non-use side heat exchanger is defrosted; and a bypass circuit that opens the third bypass circuit. A heat pump water heater for both air conditioning and heating, characterized in that it is equipped with a circuit opening means.