DE3219277C2 - Air conditioning with combined hot water supply - Google Patents

Abstract

It is an air conditioning system for rooms with hot water supply, in which a compressor (1), a four-way valve (2), a condenser (3a) with a hot water storage tank (3), a first throttle device (4), a heat exchanger (7) the useless side, a second throttle device (9) and a heat exchanger (10) are connected in series on the usable side by means of a coolant line. In order to carry out a hot water supply operation, a hot water supply and cooling operation and a heating operation with this system in an energetically favorable manner, it has a first bypass (A) to bypass the condenser (3a) and the first throttle device (4), as well as a second bypass (B) for bypassing the first throttle device (4), a third bypass (C) for bypassing the second throttle device (9) and the heat exchanger (10) on the useful side, and a control device for controlling the opening and closing of the first, second and third bypass (A, B and C), and to control the four-way valve (2).

Description

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The invention relates to an air conditioning system with a combined hot water supply in which one is closed Refrigerant circuit a compressor, a four-way valve, a hot water storage tank associated condenser, an outside heat exchanger, a first throttle and an inside heat exchanger are switchably connected to the compressor via the four-way valve.

A known air conditioning system of the type mentioned (US-PS 33 08 877) is intended in particular for private houses and it serves to cool and dehumidify a house during and during the warmer months in the colder months to heat the house, with at least part of the hot water requirement eo should be covered. The known air conditioning system has a controllable bypass line containing a throttle which bypasses the first throttle. This bypass line is used to induce cooling. During heating operation, after actuating an assigned three-way valve, the inside heat exchanger condensed refrigerant via this bypass line directly to the condenser in the hot water storage tank out, wherein the pressure of the refrigerant is reduced in the bypass line. The condenser works here as an evaporator. In the procedure described, it results that in the outside heat exchanger an excess amount of refrigerant is stored, which, as the hot water as Heat source is used, the temperature of the hot water is reduced. This means one poorer efficiency of the well-known car air conditioning

The object of the invention is to provide an air conditioning system while avoiding the disadvantages of the known embodiment of the type mentioned in the introduction in such a way that, with a simple circuit, a hot water supply operation, a hot water supply and cooling operation, a heating operation and a defrosting operation are effective can be carried out. This object is achieved according to the invention by an between the capacitor and the outside heat exchanger connected second throttle, one the condenser and the second A controllable first bypass line bypassing the throttle, a controllable second bypassing the second throttle Bypass line and controllable by a bypassing the first throttle and the inside heat exchanger third bypass line.

With an air conditioning system according to the invention, it is possible in all modes of operation to use the electrical energy effectively to heat the water in the hot water storage tank. In hot water supply and cooling operation, the hot water storage tank with the condenser coil serves as a condenser when the temperature of the water in the hot water storage tank is below a certain value, and when the water temperature rises above the certain value, the heat exchanger is operated as a condenser on the useless side. In this way the Heißwasserversorgungs- and cooling operation can be performed effectively without an upper limit, as effected by a * .u high temperature of the hot water on the high pressure side. Another advantage of an air conditioning system according to the invention lies in its simple structure which, in addition to the components that are already present, only includes the specified three bypass lines

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are protected in the subclaims.

The invention is explained below with reference to the drawing, for example.

Fig. 1 is a diagram of an air conditioner according to the invention.

F i g. FIGS. 2 to 5 are diagrams of an air conditioner the invention in hot water supply operation, in hot water supply and cooling operation, during heating or defrosting.

F i g. 2 shows an air conditioning system in which a compressor 1, a four-way valve 2, a hot water storage tank 3 with a condenser, for example a condenser coil 3a, and a first throttle device 4, which by means of a refrigerant line with the components 1, 2 and 3 is connected in series. A controllable first bypass line A, which bypasses the series connection of the condenser coil 3a and the first throttle device 4, is provided with a motor-operated valve 5. A second bypass line B, which bypasses the first throttle device 4, is provided with a motor-operated valve 6. On the useless side, i.e. on the side located in the open air, there is an outside

side heat exchanger 7 is provided. A fan 8 blows air against the heat exchanger 7 on the outside. A second throttle device 9 is also provided. On the useful side, ie on the inside, a further inside heat exchanger 10 is provided. A fan 11 blows air against the heat exchanger 10 on the inside and a collecting container 12 forms a series connection with the heat exchanger 7, the second throttle device 9, the heat exchanger 10 on the inside and the four-way valve 2. A third bypass line C, soft the second throttle device 9 and bypasses the heat exchanger 10 on the inside, is provided with an inotor-operated valve 13.

The following describes the air conditioner in the hot water supply operation described. F i g. Fig. 2 is a flow chart showing the flow of refrigerant in hot water supply represents, the flow is shown by arrows in thick lines

When the water temperature in the hot water storage tank 3 is below a certain value in the hot water supply operation, the compressor 1 is driven. At the same time, the fan S for the outside heat exchanger 7 is switched on, and the four-way valve 2 enables the refrigerant to flow in the direction shown in FIG. 2 direction. Furthermore, the bypass lines or bypasses A and B are closed and the bypass line or bypass C is open.

A gaseous refrigerant compressed at high temperature and high pressure by the compressor 1 is fed through the four-way valve 2 to the condenser coil 3a, where the refrigerant gas gives off heat to the water in the hot water reservoir 3 and condenses into a liquid refrigerant under high pressure. The water in the hot water reservoir 3 absorbs the heat, whereby the temperature of the water rises.The water heated in this way is taken from the water outlet 14 at the upper part of the hot water reservoir 3, while the same amount of fresh water through the water inlet 15 at the lower Τεϋ of the hot water reservoir 3 is fed. The pressure of the liquid refrigerant is then reduced by means of the first dosing device 4, whereupon the liquid refrigerant evaporates in the outside heat exchanger 7. The gas is fed to the compressor 1 through the bypass line C, the four-way valve 2 and the collecting container 12. In this case, since the second throttle device 9 has a high pressure resistance, the low-temperature gaseous refrigerant flows through the bypass line C. When the temperature of the hot water in the hot water reservoir 3 rises above a certain value, the compressor 1 and the external fan 8 are switched off. If the temperature of the hot water then falls again below a certain value, the above-explained procedure is repeated.

The flow is shown below with reference to FIG of the refrigerant in the hot water supply and cooling operation, the refrigerant flow is represented by a thick solid line and arrows.

As explained above, when the temperature of the water in the hot water reservoir 3 drops below a certain value, the compressor 1 and the outdoor fan S are driven. At the same time, the valves 5, IJ and 6 are operated in such a way that the bypass lines A and C are closed and the bypass line B is opened. In addition, the indoor fan 11 is put into operation.The refrigerant flows through the series connection of the compressor 1, the four-way valve 2, the condenser coil 3a, in which the refrigerant condenses the outdoor heat exchanger 7 and the second throttle device 9. In the second throttle device 9, the pressure of the refrigerant is reduced , and the refrigerant is supplied to the indoor heat exchanger 10 in that the refrigerant absorbs heat from the room air, whereby it evaporates and flows back to the compressor 1 through the four-way valve 2 and the collecting tank 12.

If the room temperature falls below a certain value during this operation, a corresponding Activation puts the system in the same state as in the hot water supply mode that this operation is carried out continuously.

When the temperature of the hot water in the hot water storage tank 3 increases, the condensation line of the condenser coil 3a decreases and, by the Inadequate performance of the external heat exchanger 7 compensate, the Außenve ^ .tiiator 8 is such actuated that the amount of air generated by it is increased.

The air conditioning system in heating mode is described below with reference to FIG. 4 explains the refrigerant flow is represented by thick solid lines and arrows

When the room temperature drops below a certain value, the compressor 1, the indoor fan 11 and the outdoor fan are put into operation and at the same time the valves 5, 6 and 13 are operated in such a way that the bypass line A is opened and the bypass lines B and C are closed. At the same time, the four-way valve 2 is switched in such a way that the refrigerant in FIG. 4 can flow direction shown.

If the temperature of the air exceeds a certain value, the system is switched so that only the hot water supply operation is maintained.

The defrosting operation of the air conditioner will now be described with reference to FIG. 5 explains in which the flow direction of the refrigerant with solid thick lines and arrows.

If it is found during the hot water supply operation and / or during the heating operation in winter that the outside heat exchanger 7 working as an evaporator is completely or partially covered by frost and the evaporation temperature drops below a certain value, a defrosting thermostat detects the temperature and causes the Valves 5, 6 and 13 are switched v / ground in such a way that the bypass lines A vita B are closed and the bypass line C is opened. At the same time, the operation of the external fan 8 is interrupted and the four-way valve 2 is switched in such a way that the system is operated as in heating mode.

The refrigerant flows through the compressor 1, the Four-way valve 2 and the bypass line Cin the outside heat exchanger 7, in which the refrigerant defrost the frost and then turn it into a liquid cheese condensed. In this case, the operation of the outdoor fan 8 is interrupted, so that the latent heat of condensation is used effectively for defrosting. The second one continues to flow due to the pressure resistance Throttle device 9 and due to the ambient temperature of the inside heat exchanger 10 fdie

Ambient temperature is higher than that of the outside heat exchanger 7) the high temperature and high pressure gaseous refrigerant from the compressor 1 through the bypass line Curd thus never remains in the inside heat exchanger 10 the condensation in the outside heat exchanger 7 generated liquid refrigerant is in the pressure lowered and evaporated in the conditioning line 3a. The gaseous refrigerant is supplied to the compressor 1 through the four-way valve 2 and the header tank 12 returned. Since in this case, the condensation coil 3a of the hot water reservoir 3, the hot Contains water, is used as an evaporator, can maintain a high evaporation temperature and it is still possible to increase the defrosting performance in order to reduce the defrosting time. Due to the short defrosting time (approx. 2 to 3 minutes), the water heater can operate with almost no drop in the water temperature be operated in the hot water reservoir 3. After defrosting, the heating mode and / or the Hot water supply operation initiated again.

In addition 5 sheets of drawings

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Claims (5)

Patent claims: 1. Air conditioning system with combined hot water supply, in which a compressor (1), a four-way valve (2), a condenser (3a) assigned to a hot water storage tank (3), an outside heat exchanger (7), a first throttle (9) in a closed refrigerant circuit ) and an inside heat exchanger (10) are switchably connected to the compressor via the four-way valve, characterized by a second throttle (4) connected between the condenser (3a) and the outside heat exchanger (7), a controllable first bypass line (A) bypassing the condenser (3a) and the second throttle (4),
a controllable second bypass line (B) bypassing the second throttle (4), and through
a controllable third bypass line (C) bypassing the first throttle (9) and the inside heat exchanger (Iö). 2. Air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that for heating the hot water reservoir (3) the first (A) and second (B) bypass line is closed and the dfitte bypass line (C) is open 3. Air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that in hot water supply and cooling operation, the first (A) and the third (C) bypass line is closed and the second bypass line (B) is open. 4. Air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that in heating mode ii; e second (B) and third (C) bypass line closed and the first bypass line f / lj is open. 5. Air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that during defrosting, in which the outside heat exchanger (7) as a condenser and the condenser (3a) operates as an evaporator, the first (A) and the second (B) bypass line closed and the third bypass line (Q is open.