JPS6266566A - Lead-acid battery - Google Patents

Lead-acid battery

Info

Publication number
JPS6266566A
JPS6266566A JP60206857A JP20685785A JPS6266566A JP S6266566 A JPS6266566 A JP S6266566A JP 60206857 A JP60206857 A JP 60206857A JP 20685785 A JP20685785 A JP 20685785A JP S6266566 A JPS6266566 A JP S6266566A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
separator
acid battery
diameter
fibers
lead
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP60206857A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH0750602B2 (en
Inventor
Hiroshi Yasuda
博 安田
Sadao Furuya
定男 古屋
Naoto Hoshihara
直人 星原
Masayoshi Yuki
正義 結城
Katsuhiro Takahashi
勝弘 高橋
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority to JP60206857A priority Critical patent/JPH0750602B2/en
Publication of JPS6266566A publication Critical patent/JPS6266566A/en
Publication of JPH0750602B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0750602B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/446—Composite material consisting of a mixture of organic and inorganic materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0002—Aqueous electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0005—Acid electrolytes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Cell Separators (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To decrease capillary action and increase high rate discharge duration at low temperature by controlling in a specified range the maximum pore size of a mat-like separator to be placed between positive and negative plates in a sealed lead-acid battery. CONSTITUTION:A mat-like separator to be placed between positive and negative plates in a sealed lead-acid battery which is a negative electrode absorbing type consists of polyester fibers having a diameter of 2-8mu, glass fibers and acrylic resin fibers having 2-8mu, and its maximum pore size is limited to 30-60mu. Two kinds of silicon oxide having a particle size of 1mu or less and a particle size of 3-5mu is mixed to the above fibers before making the separator. By controlling the maximum pore size with appropriate elasticity retained, capillary action is decreased and high rate discharge duration at low temperature is increased.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明は鉛蓄電池に関し、特に大電流放電用の、負極に
おいて酸素ガスを吸収する密閉形（以下シール形という
）鉛蓄電池に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to lead-acid batteries, and more particularly to sealed-type (hereinafter referred to as sealed-type) lead-acid batteries for large current discharge that absorb oxygen gas at the negative electrode.

従来の技術 負極吸収式のシール形鉛蓄電池は、充電中に正極から発
生する酸素を負極活物質である鉛および電解液である硫
酸と反応させ水に還元することにより電解液の減少を極
力押さえた電池である。また電解液は正、負極板および
七ノくレータ中にほとんど吸収されており、その他の流
動可能な電解液をわずかに含むようにしである。Conventional technology Sealed lead-acid batteries with negative electrode absorption minimize the loss of electrolyte by reacting oxygen generated from the positive electrode during charging with lead, the negative electrode active material, and sulfuric acid, the electrolyte, and reducing it to water. It is a battery. Also, the electrolyte is mostly absorbed in the positive and negative plates and the seven cells, with a small amount of other flowable electrolyte being included.

このような電池に用いられるマット状セ／くレータは、
毛管現象により電解液をそれ自身の中へ保持する。The mat-like separator used in such batteries is
It retains the electrolyte within itself by capillary action.

発明が解決しようとする問題点 従来セパレータは、この電解液の保持能力がすぐれてい
るほど良いと考えられ、それゆえ平管力を増すためにセ
パレータの孔径を少さくする努力がなされていた。Problems to be Solved by the Invention Conventionally, it has been thought that the better the separator is in its ability to retain this electrolyte, and therefore efforts have been made to reduce the pore diameter of the separator in order to increase the flat tube force.

すなわち最大孔径が２０μ以下のマ、ノド状セノくレー
タがもっばら使用され、その孔径を実現するためには直
径１μ以下のガラス繊維を抄造するか、あるいは直径１
μ以下のガラス繊維を主体としそれに１μ以上のガラス
繊維を混抄したものおよびバインダーとしてアクリル繊
維を混抄したものが用いられる。In other words, glass fibers with a maximum pore diameter of 20 μm or less are often used, and in order to achieve this pore diameter, glass fibers with a diameter of 1 μm or less are made, or glass fibers with a diameter of 1 μm or less are used.
The paper that is mainly composed of glass fibers with a diameter of less than μ and mixed with glass fibers with a diameter of 1 μ or more, and the paper with which acrylic fibers are mixed as a binder are used.

ところがこの負極吸収式シール形鉛蓄電池の低温急放電
性能を調べると、上記のような孔径の小さなマット状セ
パレータを用いる場合には電解液がわずかに減少するだ
けで放電持続時間が急激に低下することがわかっだ０ さらにこれを詳しく調べると、低温急放電持続時間全決
定する要因は、負極活物質中に含まれる電解’Ｍ、量に
あろうとがわかった０ 通常の電解液が十分にある電池では、急放電中に負極沖
合から硫酸が拡散することが可能であるが、シール形電
池では沖合からの硫酸の拡散が遅いため、極板中の電解
液量により放電持続時間が決定される。However, when examining the low-temperature rapid discharge performance of this negative electrode absorption type sealed lead-acid battery, we found that when using a mat-like separator with a small pore size as described above, the discharge duration sharply decreases even if the electrolyte decreases slightly. Upon further investigation, it was found that the factor that determines the duration of low-temperature rapid discharge is the amount of electrolyte contained in the negative electrode active material.0 There is sufficient normal electrolyte. In batteries, it is possible for sulfuric acid to diffuse from offshore of the negative electrode during rapid discharge, but in sealed batteries, the diffusion of sulfuric acid from offshore is slow, so the discharge duration is determined by the amount of electrolyte in the electrode plate. .

従来の孔径が２ｏμ以下のマット状セパレータを用いた
場合、毛管作用が強いため電解液はセパレータに集中し
ようとする。それゆえ電解液が少しでも減ってくると先
ず、毛管作用の最も弱い負惜の電解液が失なわれ、低温
急放電の持続時間が短かくなる。When a conventional mat-like separator with a pore size of 2 μm or less is used, the electrolyte tends to concentrate on the separator due to strong capillary action. Therefore, when the electrolyte decreases even a little, the negative electrolyte with the weakest capillary action is first lost, and the duration of the low-temperature rapid discharge becomes shorter.

そこで本発明者等は従来の方向に反してセパレータの毛
管力全低減し、電解液が減少１−でも低温急放電の持続
時間が短かくならない方法を検討した結果つぎのような
構成に到達した。Therefore, the present inventors investigated a method that completely reduces the capillary force of the separator, contrary to the conventional direction, and the duration of low-temperature rapid discharge does not become short even when the electrolyte decreases by 1-, and as a result, the following configuration was arrived at. .

問題点全解決するだめの手段 すなわち本発明は最大孔径が３ｏ〜６０μとなるような
マット状セパレータを用いること全特徴とするものであ
り、これにより適度に電解液を保持する性能全維持しつ
つ毛管力を低減し低温急放電の持続時間が短かくならな
いようにしたものである。The only means to solve all of the problems, that is, the present invention is characterized by the use of a mat-like separator with a maximum pore size of 3o to 60μ, thereby maintaining the ability to retain an appropriate amount of electrolyte. This reduces capillary force and prevents the duration of low-temperature rapid discharge from becoming short.

この範囲の最大孔径をもったセパレータは、従来のよう
に主にガラス繊維とアクリル繊維と音用いた場合、直径
２〜８μのガラス繊維音用いることにより得られる。し
かしながらこの場合、１μ以下のガラス繊維を用いたセ
パレータにくらべ、弾力性が失なわれ、極板に適切な圧
力全かけにくいという問題音生ずる〇 作用 本発明ではこれを解決するために柔軟性のあるポリエス
テル（ＰＥＴ）樹脂繊維をガラス繊維に混抄して適切な
弾力性を確保したものである。このＰＥＴ樹脂繊維の繊
維径はガラス繊維同様２−８μのものが上記の最大孔径
を得る上で適切であった。A separator having a maximum pore diameter within this range can be obtained by using glass fibers having a diameter of 2 to 8 .mu.m, in the conventional case where glass fibers and acrylic fibers are mainly used. However, in this case, compared to separators using glass fibers of 1μ or less, the elasticity is lost and it is difficult to apply appropriate pressure to the electrode plates, resulting in noise. In order to solve this problem, the present invention uses flexible A certain polyester (PET) resin fiber is mixed with glass fiber to ensure appropriate elasticity. The fiber diameter of this PET resin fiber was 2 to 8 μm, which was suitable for obtaining the above-mentioned maximum pore diameter, similar to the glass fiber.

さらにもう一つの問題点として最大孔径が大きくなった
場合、使用中に微細化した正極活物質がセパレータを貫
通し電池内で短絡を起こしやすいということがある。Another problem is that when the maximum pore diameter becomes large, the finely divided positive electrode active material tends to penetrate the separator during use and cause a short circuit within the battery.

とくにガラス繊維やＰＥＴ樹脂繊維は断面が円形形状全
しており、このような繊維で抄造されたマントは孔の形
状が羊純であり微細化しだ油質を透過して短絡を起こし
やすい。In particular, glass fibers and PET resin fibers have circular cross-sections, and cloaks made from such fibers have pores in the shape of pure sheep, which allow them to pass through finely divided soybean oil and cause short circuits.

この問題点を解決するため形状の複雑な無機質粉体を添
加しマット内の孔の形状を複雑にすることが有効である
ことがわかった。添加した無機質粉体は２種類であり、
いずれもケイ素酸化物である。１つは１次粒子径数ｍμ
２次粒子形１μ以下の東のであ入、？−れは電解液中で
ゲル什１．憔のような役目金もつと考えられる。もう１
つは粒子径３〜５μで通常ケイソウ土と呼ばれているも
ので形状が複雑なためセパレータの孔の形状全複雑化す
ることができる。In order to solve this problem, it has been found that it is effective to add inorganic powder with a complicated shape to make the shape of the pores in the mat complicated. There were two types of inorganic powder added,
Both are silicon oxides. One is the primary particle diameter of several mμ
Higashi no Deiri with a secondary particle size of 1μ or less? - This is 1.5 g of gel in electrolyte. It is thought that it has a role like money. One more
One type has a particle diameter of 3 to 5 μm and is commonly called diatomaceous earth, which has a complicated shape, so the shape of the pores of the separator can be made completely complex.

実施例 以下本発明の実施例として従来の繊維径０．７μのガラ
ス繊維音用いた最大孔径１０μのマットセパレータと、
本発明のセパレータで直径３μのガラス繊維に、直径６
μのＰＥＴ樹脂繊維それに粒径１μ以下と３〜６μの２
種の酸化ケイ素を混抄した最大孔径４０μのセパレータ
とを用いて、６時間率容量２０ムｈのシール形鉛蓄電池
を構成し、電解液口と低温急放電持続時間との関係金調
べたその結果を図に示す。人は本発明のセ・（レータを
用いた電池、Ｂは従来のセパレータを用いた電池の特性
である。Examples Below, as examples of the present invention, a mat separator with a maximum pore diameter of 10 μm using conventional glass fibers with a fiber diameter of 0.7 μm,
With the separator of the present invention, glass fibers with a diameter of 3 μm are
PET resin fiber with particle size of 1μ or less and 2 with particle size of 3~6μ
A sealed lead-acid battery with a 6-hour rate capacity of 20 μh was constructed using a separator with a maximum pore size of 40 μm mixed with silicon oxide, and the relationship between the electrolyte opening and low-temperature rapid discharge duration was investigated. is shown in the figure. B is the characteristic of a battery using the separator of the present invention, and B is the characteristic of a battery using a conventional separator.

また本発明に至るさまざまな過程の中で得られた、セパ
レータの特性とそれら？用いた電池の寿命特性および低
温急放電特性を次表に示す。Also, what are the characteristics of the separator obtained through the various processes leading up to the present invention? The life characteristics and low-temperature rapid discharge characteristics of the batteries used are shown in the table below.

発明の効果 図および表から明らかなように本発明は低温急放電特性
および寿命特性にすぐれたシール鉛蓄電池を提供でき、
自動車用の鉛蓄電池等急放電特性を必要とする用途の鉛
蓄電池には極めて有効である０Effects of the Invention As is clear from the diagram and table, the present invention can provide a sealed lead-acid battery with excellent low-temperature rapid discharge characteristics and life characteristics.
Extremely effective for lead-acid batteries used in applications that require rapid discharge characteristics, such as lead-acid batteries for automobiles.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

図は電解液量と低温急放電持続時間の関係を示すＯ ■は本発明のセパレータを使用した電池。 ■は従来のセパレータを使用した電池。 代理人の氏名　弁理士　中　尾　敏　男　ほか１名′を
解漿量（Ｗ乞・すThe figure shows the relationship between the amount of electrolyte and the duration of low-temperature rapid discharge.O 2 is a battery using the separator of the present invention. ■ is a battery using a conventional separator. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and one other person

Claims (3)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] （１）正、負極板間に、最大孔径が３０〜６０μのマッ
ト状セパレータを配置したことを特徴とする鉛蓄電池。(1) A lead-acid battery characterized in that a mat-like separator with a maximum pore diameter of 30 to 60 μm is arranged between the positive and negative electrode plates. （２）マット状セパレータが、繊維径２〜８μのポリエ
ステル樹脂繊維と繊維径２〜８μのガラス繊維およびア
クリル繊維から構成されている特許請求の範囲第１項記
載の鉛蓄電池。(2) The lead-acid battery according to claim 1, wherein the mat-like separator is composed of polyester resin fibers with a fiber diameter of 2 to 8 μm, glass fibers and acrylic fibers with a fiber diameter of 2 to 8 μm. （３）マット状セパレータが直径１μ以下および直径３
〜５μのケイ素酸化物を混抄している特許請求の範囲第
２項記載の鉛蓄電池。(3) The matte separator has a diameter of 1μ or less and a diameter of 3
The lead-acid battery according to claim 2, which contains silicon oxide having a thickness of ~5μ.
JP60206857A 1985-09-19 1985-09-19 Lead acid battery Expired - Lifetime JPH0750602B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP60206857A JPH0750602B2 (en) 1985-09-19 1985-09-19 Lead acid battery

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP60206857A JPH0750602B2 (en) 1985-09-19 1985-09-19 Lead acid battery

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS6266566A true JPS6266566A (en) 1987-03-26
JPH0750602B2 JPH0750602B2 (en) 1995-05-31

Family

ID=16530192

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP60206857A Expired - Lifetime JPH0750602B2 (en) 1985-09-19 1985-09-19 Lead acid battery

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH0750602B2 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2654263A1 (en) * 1989-11-06 1991-05-10 Magneti Marelli Spa LEAD ACCUMULATOR BATTERY, PARTICULARLY FOR STARTING MOTOR VEHICLE ENDOTHERMIC ENGINES.
WO2013062694A2 (en) * 2011-09-21 2013-05-02 Hollingsworth & Vose Company Battery components with leachable metal ions and uses thereof
DE112012000639T5 (en) 2011-02-01 2013-11-14 Panasonic Corp. lead-acid battery
US10535853B2 (en) 2010-09-21 2020-01-14 Hollingsworth & Vose Company Glass compositions with leachable metal oxides and ions

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5916263A (en) * 1982-07-19 1984-01-27 Yuasa Battery Co Ltd Lead battery

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5916263A (en) * 1982-07-19 1984-01-27 Yuasa Battery Co Ltd Lead battery

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2654263A1 (en) * 1989-11-06 1991-05-10 Magneti Marelli Spa LEAD ACCUMULATOR BATTERY, PARTICULARLY FOR STARTING MOTOR VEHICLE ENDOTHERMIC ENGINES.
US10535853B2 (en) 2010-09-21 2020-01-14 Hollingsworth & Vose Company Glass compositions with leachable metal oxides and ions
DE112012000639T5 (en) 2011-02-01 2013-11-14 Panasonic Corp. lead-acid battery
WO2013062694A2 (en) * 2011-09-21 2013-05-02 Hollingsworth & Vose Company Battery components with leachable metal ions and uses thereof
WO2013062694A3 (en) * 2011-09-21 2014-05-08 Hollingsworth & Vose Company Battery components with leachable metal ions and uses thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH0750602B2 (en) 1995-05-31

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