JPS623747A - Feed for fish farming - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a feed with proper hardness and to improve breeding result of fish, by adding dietary fiber derived from grain to a feed raw material for fish farming. CONSTITUTION:Fiber (periderm of maize, grain bran such as wheat bran, rice bran, etc.,) is treated enzymatically, chemically or physically and starch, protein, lipid, inorganic substance, etc., are partially or wholly removed. A dietary fiber comprising cellulose or hemicelluose as a main component is obtained and 0.5-10wt%, preferably 3-6wt% dietary fiber is added to a feed.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to fish feed, and more particularly to fish feed supplemented with cereal-derived dietary fiber. Animal material with compromised nutritional value.

For example, fishmeal is used as a living body, and other raw materials include wheat flour that has a binder effect to make solid feed, corn gluten meal as a plant material, yeast, wheat germ, rice bran oil cake, etc.
Rice bran, soybean oil cake, and micronutrients such as vitamins and minerals are used for the skin.

These fish feeds have produced reasonably well-grown young fruit.

However, in fish farming management, there is a demand for lower feed costs through the effective use of plant materials and for fish feeds with higher feed efficiency.

In addition, it is known that cellulose powder is used as purified feed for fish farming to measure the nutritional requirements of fish (``Aquaculture Breeding'' published on February 2, 1939).
Volume 10, No. 9~! No. 793-i,! /7 pages) is
This cellulose powder is used for the purpose of adjusting the nutritional level of protein, fat, etc. with a nutritional evaluation of zero, and is said to not contribute in any way to the purpose of improving feed efficiency.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

As mentioned above, it is known to incorporate fiber-containing raw materials such as rice bran oil cake and rice bran into fish feed, but although these fiber-containing raw materials are economically good, they pose nutritional problems. Therefore, there is currently a desire to develop fish feed using fibrous raw materials that improve the physical properties of the feed and promote fish growth. The purpose of this project is to provide feed for fish farming.

[Means for solving problems]

The present inventors conducted various studies on the fiber content of feed ingredients in order to develop the above-mentioned fish feed ingredients, and found that adding grain-derived dietary fiber to the fish feed ingredients will significantly improve the growth of fish. The present invention was completed based on this discovery.

That is, 1. The present invention involves enzymatically treating fibers derived from grains.
Dietary fiber containing cellulose or hemicellulose as a main component, which is obtained by chemical treatment, physical treatment, or a suitable combination of these treatments, excluding proteins, lipids, inorganic substances, etc. It is a feed for fish farming characterized by adding up to 40% of the feed, and its purpose is to provide a feed for fish farming that improves the physical properties of the feed and also improves the breeding performance.

Dietary fiber for summer use according to the present invention.

Mainly composed of cellulose and hemicellulose, fibers derived from grains, such as corn husk, wheat bran, and grain bran such as rice bran, are processed by enzyme treatment, chemical treatment, physical treatment, or a combination of these. It is obtained by removing part or all of starch, proteins, lipids, inorganic substances, etc. through processing.

As the enzymatic treatment, a method is adopted in which one or more of starch-degrading enzymes, proteolytic enzymes, fat-degrading enzymes, and fiber-degrading enzymes are added under conditions of a pH of about 3 to 9 and a temperature of about 3θ to 400°C. be done. Examples of starch degrading enzymes include α-amylase and glucoamylase, proteolytic enzymes include protease, lipolytic enzymes include lipase, and three fiber decomposing elements include cellulase.

As a physical treatment method, for example, a method may be adopted in which fibers derived from grains are pulverized with a pulverizer such as a homogenizer or a hammer mill, and starch, proteins, lipids, inorganic substances, etc. are removed through sieves.

As a chemical treatment method, for example, a water bath solution of mineral acid or organic acid is added to grain-derived fibers and heated under conditions of pH approx.
A method of heat treatment under the following conditions is adopted. Monoglycerides, sugar esters, etc. are used as the food surfactant.

The amount of cellulose and hemicellulose contained in the dietary fiber K prepared as described above varies depending on the processing method, but
Detergent Fiber) (neutral detergent treated fiber) should have a hemicellulose content of 4 to 10% or more, preferably 60% or more, and the content of hemicellulose in NDF should be 10% or more.If it is out of the above range, that is, the NDF value is If the hemicellulose content in NDF is less than 4t, o%, or even if the NDF value is greater than or equal to Undesirable.

Here, N D F (Neutral Deterge
nt Fiber) refers to the content of cellulose, hemicellulose, and hylignin in foods, and its measurement method is described in J.
our own association o
f Official Agricultural C
hemists.

ill,,pJ'2j-! According to the method described in 2, /9/, 3.

The fish feed of the present invention may be any feed material obtained by adding dietary fiber derived from grains to various feed materials. Fish meal, Antarctic krill meal, and epi meal are used as fish feed ingredients to add dietary fiber derived from grains.

Animal raw materials such as Fitzschunrübl powder and gelatin;
Defatted soybeans, yeast, defatted rice bran, corn gluten meal, alfalfa meal, wheat flour, wheat germ, wheat gluten, spirulina, chlorella, vegetable ingredients such as seaweed powder; vitamins; minerals; flavors; pigments; other anti-mold agents, etc., and can be appropriately selected and used depending on the target fish species.

Dietary fiber derived from grains can be added to feed materials at an appropriate time during the production process of fish feed (1. For example, it can be mixed at the same time as the other feed materials mentioned above. Adding it to feed materials) The amount of dietary fiber derived from grains to be added is small (the effect of adding it will be limited), and too much will disrupt the nutritional balance of the entire feed.

It is desirable to add it in a range of 0.6 to 40%, particularly preferably in a range of 3 to 6%, based on the total feed.

The feed for fish farming of the present invention is, for example, powdered single grain, pellet,
It can be a crumple or other suitable shape.

The feed for fish farming of the present invention is, for example, rainbow trout, carp, sweetfish, eel, etc.
It is suitable as feed for sea bream, yellowtail, etc.

The effect is particularly remarkable on rainbow trout.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The fish feed of the present invention contains NDF of 4to% or more and ND
Hemicellulose in F! Contains indigestible ingredients of θ coefficient or higher, so when used as solid feed such as pellets, it has the effect of becoming a feed with moderate stiffness. Possibly because it stimulates the organs to increase hormone secretion and promote the digestion and absorption of nutrients, or because it regulates the residence time of food in the purifying organs, the results of breeding this species are extremely good. There are effects such as Such effects could not be achieved even if conventional feed materials containing a large amount of fiber were added.

〔Example〕

Next, examples of the present invention will be shown.

Example l After crushing and mixing the raw materials having the feed composition shown in Table 1, 2-! Fish feeds A, B, and C and a control feed were obtained by pelletizing the Japanese radish from @@.

First table! The dietary fiber derived from corn fiber was obtained by the following manufacturing method.

A dispersion of corn fiber (solid content!) separated and produced by wet milling of corn was adjusted to pH 7.0.
After adding 0.4 t% of Bioplase 5p-10 (manufactured by Nagashio Sangyo C Co., Ltd.) and keeping it at 0°C overnight with stirring, centrifugal dehydration and washing were performed twice. This was made into a dispersion liquid again, and amylase T-! (manufactured by Daiwa Kasei C Co., Ltd.) was added to it and kept at 90°C for 3 hours with stirring. Similarly, centrifugal dehydration and washing were carried out. The NDF of the obtained dietary fiber was 2.7% male, and the hemicellulose content in the NDF was 73-o(1).

Next, the above feed was fed to 20 rainbow trout in each group, with an average weight of about 3AI-, housed in a PVC aquarium (gθXjO×3θCrn), and the water temperature/! A core-day rearing study was conducted at °C. In addition, the feed method is 2.0% of the fish's weight per day. ! Salary was divided into three times a day based on the staff in charge.

The results are shown in Table 2, and good breeding performance was observed in the plots fed the fish feed of the present invention to which dietary fiber derived from corn fiber was added.

Table 2 Example 2 Fish feeds A-U, B-co, C-2 and a control feed were obtained using the same raw material composition and manufacturing method as in Example 1.

After treating an aqueous dispersion of corn fibers separated and produced by wet milling of corn with a homogenizer for 3 minutes, amylase [Clistase T-! Daiwa Kasei C stock] manufactured by 0. ! % and boiled for 1 minute, then amylase θ,! 7 hours with the addition of staff! It was kept at ℃. This was centrifugally dehydrated and washed with warm water several times to form a dispersion liquid again, and the pH was adjusted to 7.0 with sodium hydroxide.

0.2 ml of protease was added and kept at 0°C for 2 hours. Then, after centrifugal dehydration and warm water washing and sewing twice,
Dietary fiber was obtained by drying at low temperature and pulverizing.

The NDF of the obtained dietary fiber was 97.3, and the content of hemicellulose in the NDF was 2 and 6.

Next, the starting average weight is 3θ and the breeding period is 22
A rainbow trout rearing test was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the test was carried out on the same day.

The results are shown in Table 3, and good breeding performance was observed in the plots fed the fish feed of the present invention containing dietary fiber derived from corn fiber.

Table 3 Example 3 16 parts of fish meal, 2 parts of soybean oil cake, 27 parts of wheat flour, dietary fiber derived from wheat bran! part, calcium carbonate/
After mixing and crushing 3 parts of feed, 7 parts of vitamin mixture, and 1 part of mineral mixture, g, tHz in a pellet machine.
It is pelletized using a die and then passed through a crumbler to form granules.

Granular nutrients were obtained by sieving.The dietary fiber derived from wheat bran was obtained by the following production method.

Add 20 parts of water to 30 parts of commercially available wheat bran that has been crushed using an atomizer, disperse the mixture, treat with a homogenizer for 2 minutes, wash with water using a 32-mesh sieve, and collect the residue on the sieve. to obtain dietary fiber. What is the NDF of the dietary fiber obtained? 7-
θ%, the content of hemicellulose in NDF was 67.2%.

The fish feed obtained as described above had good physical properties, and when it was fed to sweetfish, the breeding results were also good.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) Grain-derived fibers are treated with enzymes, chemically,
By either physical treatment or a suitable combination of these treatments, the main component is cellulose or hemicellulose, which is obtained by excluding starch, protein, lipid, inorganic substances, etc. contained in grain-derived fibers. A fish feed characterized by adding 0.5 to 10% of dietary fiber. (2) The fish feed according to claim 1, wherein the dietary fiber is NDF (neutral detergent treated fiber) of 40% or more and the content of hemicellulose in the NDF is 50% or more.